高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world同步测试题

UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD

Part 1　Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.The steamed dragon roll was invented in the Ming　　　(朝代). 

2.He gave us a few specific examples to help us deal with current 　　　(事情). 

3.　　　(尽管)so many difficulties in front of her, she didn't lose heart and still stuck to her dream. 

4.　　　(本地的)English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 

5.This year is the Year of the Ox in the Chinese zodiac(十二生肖),and the ox is the　　　(象征)of perseverance and strength. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

refer to;ups and downs;date back to

1.He has gone through many　　　　　　in his life, but he never forgets his original intention.  

2.He always　　　　　　a dictionary when coming across new words. However, students can guess the meaning of some words from the context. 

3.The determined spirit 　　　　　　the 1980s,when the Chinese national women's volleyball team won five consecutive(连续的)world titles. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.She majored 　　　　math and physics at university. 

2.Ever since the“spirit of craftsmanship(工匠精神)”was introduced,　　　　(variety)kinds of activities have been organized across the country for selecting“outstanding craftsmen”. 

3.There are several 　　　　(refer)books to help you make your choice. 

4.Zhang Guimei regards her students 　　　　her own children. She donates much money and all her love to them. 

5.So far, every possible means 　　　　(try)to solve the problem.  

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.如果你能给我一些关于如何提高我的英语口语的建议的话,我将非常感激。

　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　very much if you could give me some advice on how to improve my spoken English. 

2.这位教授给我们做了一个演讲,我认为这对我们的英语学习很重要。

The professor gave us a talk, which I think 　　 　 　 　　 　 　　

　　　to our English study. 

3.他说:“不论你们将来想从事什么职业、有什么样的梦想,一定要在基础知识和技能方面打下坚实的基础。”

He said,“　　　 　　 　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　　 　 　　

　  　, or what dream you have in the future,be sure to lay a solid foundation in essential knowledge and skills.” 

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

China is　1　(wide) known for its ancient civilisation, which has continued all the way until now. One of the main 　2　(factor) is the Chinese writing system.  

At the beginning, written Chinese was based 　3　 pictures, which can date back several thousand years. Ancient Chinese people carved symbols on animal bones and shells.  

By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols　4　(become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as people lived in different places, 　5　(lead)to many varieties of dialects and characters.  

Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one country　6　 the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. The writing system played 　7　 important part in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 

Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works　8　(write) by Chinese in ancient times. 

As China plays a greater role in 　9　(globe) affairs, an increasing number of international students 　10　 beginning to learn Chinese. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021独家原创试题,)

As you already know, living in China requires that you should know some basic Mandarin. It doesn't even matter whether you are interested in learning a new language or not. From calling a taxi, to ordering food, asking for directions, reading addresses and much more, Chinese is needed. To help more expats learn this “mysterious language” called Chinese, I have come up with the five best online platforms or websites to learn Chinese.

Memrise.com

It offers different courses and some e-learning tools to teach different languages like Mandarin Chinese, French, and English. The learning process is easy and well prepared to fit almost anyone. It facilitates(促进)learning by using the question and multiple answer method along with crowd-sourced materials and flashcards that help the memorization process.

Digitaldialects.com

Do you want to have fun while learning a new language? Then Digitaldialects.com is what you have been seeking. This website has more than 80 different languages to choose from. In case one language becomes boring, you can dare to try another one. It is free to use games for learning more than 80 languages, which is the feature of the website. Within are games for learning phrases, numbers, vocabulary, spelling, verb conjugation and alphabets.

Chinese-tools.com

For those who don't want to focus only on learning Chinese but all aspects about China, this website is suitable for you. In this site, you are sure to find everything about modern and traditional China, travel, Chinese learning material, tools and resources, and language exchange clubs.

zhongwen.com

Just as the name is, this website is no friend to time wasting or long grammar. Just the landing page alone is filled with characters. It's basically for people with more than basic knowledge of Chinese. You won't be wrong to call it Mandarin Wikipedia.

http://english.cntv.cn/learnchinese

This was exactly the website I started learning my Chinese from. The site is owned by CCTV—a government-owned enterprise. This assures you that the teaching materials are standard and updated. Most of the teaching is videos. You will be motivated by seeing foreigners speaking fluent Chinese in the videos.

1.What can we learn about the website Memrise.com?

A.It owns a limited range of target learners.

B.Various memorizing methods are available.

C.The learning process is more than complicated.

D.Courses are offered in only Chinese and English.

2.What is the special feature of Digitaldialects.com?

A.The boring learning process.

B.The cultural knowledge of China.

C.The learning games free of charge.

D.The courses in 80 different languages.

3.If you want to get the whole picture of China, which website is highly recommended?

A.Digitaldialects.com.

B.Chinese-tools.com.

C.zhongwen.com.

D.http://english.cntv.cn/learnchinese.

B

(2021北京首都师范大学附属中学高一上开学考试,)

“Ma uka, ma uka ka ua, Ma kai, ma kai ka ua.”So sing the children at a kindergarten on the Big Island of Hawaii. The chant(重复唱的歌词) is much like any other “Rain, rain, go away” nursery rhymes(儿歌,童谣), but it has unusual power: it is one of the tools that have brought about the revival(复兴) of a near-dead language.

The decline of Hawaiian was not, as is the case with most disappearing languages, a natural death caused by migration(移民,迁徙) and the mass media. In 1896, after the overthrow(推翻) of the Hawaiian monarchy (君主政体) by American business interests, schools were banned from using the language, and children were beaten for speaking it. By the late 20th century, aside from a couple of hundred people on one tiny island, English had replaced Hawaiian and only the old spoke the language to each other.

Larry Kimura, a professor there, and his students wanted to bring it back to life. In 1985, when educating children in Hawaiian was still banned, Kauanoe Kamana and her husband Pila Wilson, both students of Kimura's, created the first Punana Leo (which means “language nest”) at Hilo. They gathered together a small group of children and elderly native speakers. The movement grew: there are now 12 kindergartens and 23 schools. The number of children being educated in Hawaiian has risen from 1,877 in 2008 to 3,028 in 2018. Along with Japanese, Hawaiian is the non-English language most commonly spoken among children.

The success has been hard-won. Campaigners had to get the law changed. “People in the community, even in our families, were saying: ‘You'll ruin your children's future. They won't be able to go to college.' ” Such fears turned out to be unfounded. All the pupils at Nawahi, the main Hawaiian-medium school, complete high school, compared with the state average of 83%; 87% go to college, compared with the state average of 55%.

“But academic outcomes are not the primary focus,” says Mr. Wilson. “We value our connection with our ancestors more than we value being millionaires,” he says. Mr. Kimura explains that the schools have allowed Hawaiians to pass on their culture.

4.What made the Hawaiian language nearly die out?　　　　　　

A.The migration.　　B.The ban on it.

C.The mass media.　　D.The population decline.

5.What effort was made to bring the Hawaiian language back to life?

A.Going on strike.

B.Supporting the law.

C.Setting up a community college.

D.Educating more local children in it.

6.What is the main value of the Hawaiian language according to Mr. Wilson?

A.Making a fortune by learning it.

B.Focusing on academic outcomes.

C.Passing on the Hawaiian culture.

D.Reducing the influence of English.

7.What is the best title of the passage?

A.The value of Hawaiian.

B.The revival of Hawaiian.

C.The popularity of Hawaiian.

D.The near-death of Hawaiian.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2021河北张家口第一中学高一上10月月考,)

If you are like most international students, you are probably comfortable with reading and writing in English. 　1　 Below are some means of helping you to improve your conversational skills. 

Make friends with American students. Many international students end up making friends with a lot of—or only—other international students. 　2　 Hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English, but also helps you pick up cultural and social information. 

Learn from American friends. Tell your American friends that you are trying to improve your listening and speaking skills, and would like them to help you. If you pronounce a word incorrectly, or misuse an idiom, you ask them to guide you. 　3　 

Increase your knowledge.　4　 If you are familiar with the topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation, you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk, and of being able to express yourself well. 

　5　 If you have to explain something to someone, you have a strong motivation to pronounce everything as well as you can, and find other ways to explain yourself. Finally, this becomes a good habit. Many people have asked me how I learned to speak English fluently, and I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college. 

A.It is bad for them to do that.

B.You will make progress this way.

C.Become a teacher at your school, if possible.

D.It's a win-win opportunity for international students.

E.Keep up with news and watch popular shows and movies.

F.Explaining everything in a different way matters.

G.However, you may have trouble in listening and speaking in the language.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

答案全解全析

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.Dynasty　2.affairs　3.Despite　4.Native　5.symbol

Ⅱ.1.ups and downs　2.refers to　3.dates back to

Ⅲ.1.in　考查固定搭配。句意:她大学主修数学和物理学。major in...意为“主修……(专业)”。

2.various　考查形容词。句意:自从“工匠精神”被提出来后,全国各地各种各样的活动被组织起来以选拔“杰出的工匠”。设空处作定语,修饰其后的复数名词,应用形容词。故填various。

3.reference　考查名词。句意:有几本参考书可以帮你做出选择。reference books意为“参考书”。

4.as　考查介词。句意:张桂梅把学生视为她自己的孩子。她捐出了很多钱和自己所有的爱给她们。regard...as...把……视为……。故填as。

5.has been tried　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,所有可能的办法都被尝试过来解决这个问题。根据So far可知此处应用现在完成时,根据every possible means可知此处谓语用第三人称单数形式,且means和try之间是被动关系。故填has been tried。

易错分析

　　此处易将means看作名词复数,错填have been tried。means用作名词时意为“方法,方式,手段”,单复数同形;作主语时谓语动词的单复数通常由means前面的修饰词来确定。如:Different kinds of means have/Every means has been used to save the trapped miners. 

Ⅳ.1.I would appreciate it　2.is of great importance　3.No matter what job you want to do

Ⅴ.1.widely　考查副词。句意:中国因其古老的文明而闻名于世,它一直延续到现在。be widely known for...因……而广为人知。

2.factors　考查名词的数。句意:其中一个主要因素是汉语的书写体系。one of后接可数名词复数。故填factors。

3.on　考查介词。句意:一开始,书面汉语是以图画为基础的,这可以追溯到几千年前。be based on...以……为基础,故填介词on。

4.had become　考查动词的时态。句意:到了商朝,这些符号已经成为一套成熟的书写体系。由时间状语By the Shang Dynasty可知,此处指在过去某一时间之前完成的动作,故用过去完成时。

5.leading　考查现在分词。句意:多年来,这个系统发展成不同的形式,这是由于人们生活在不同的地方,从而产生了许多种类的方言和文字。分析句子结构可知,此处为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。

6.where　考查定语从句。句意:秦始皇把七个诸侯国统一成为一个国家,在这个统一的国家里,中国的书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词one country,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。

7.an　考查冠词。句意:这一书写体系对中国人民与文化的统一起到了重要作用。play an important part in...在……中起重要的作用。

8.written　考查过去分词。句意:现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。分析句子结构可知,设空处作后置定语修饰名词短语the classic works,且the classic works与write为被动关系,故填过去分词written。

9.global　考查形容词。句意:随着中国在国际事务中扮演越来越重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始学习中文。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语,修饰复数名词affairs,故填形容词global。

10.are　考查主谓一致。句意见上题。“a number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,故填are。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了几个中文学习的网站,可以帮助在中国居住的外国人学习汉语、了解中国文化。

1.B　推理判断题。由题干关键信息Memrise.com定位到文章第二段,由第二段中的最后一句可知,它通过使用问题和开放式答案的方法以及众包材料和抽认卡来促进学习。由此得出,在该网站中,助记的方法多种多样。故选B。A项“它的目标学习者范围有限”与第二段中的fit almost anyone不符;C项“学习过程非常复杂”与第二段中的The learning process is easy不符;D项“只提供中文和英文课程”与第二段中的teach different languages like Mandarin Chinese, French, and English不符。

2.C　细节理解题。由题干关键信息Digitaldialects.com定位到文章第三段,由第三段中的倒数第二句可知,在该网站中,使用者可以免费利用游戏的方式学习语言。故选C。注意本题容易误选D项,它的特色是通过免费的游戏来学习80多种语言,并不是提供80门语言课程。

3.B　细节理解题。由第四段中的“For those who don't want to focus only on learning Chinese but all aspects about China”可知,该网站可以帮助外国人了解中国相关的全方面知识。因此,如果你想全面了解中国,推荐网站Chinese-tools.com。故选B。

【高频词汇】　1.come up with提出,想出　2.platform n.平台;站台;讲台　3.process n.过程　4.in case万一;以防万一   5.feature n.特点;特写 v.以……为特色;起重要作用　6.resource n.资源　7.update v.更新　8.fluent adj.流利的

长难句分析

原句　It facilitates(促进) learning by using the question and multiple answer method along with crowd-sourced materials and flashcards that help the memorization process.

分析　本句的主干是It facilitates(促进) learning,by using...为介词短语作方式状语;在方式状语中,that为关系代词,引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词flashcards。

句意　它通过使用问题和开放式答案的方法以及众包材料和帮助记忆过程的抽认卡来促进学习。

B

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了夏威夷语的传奇复兴。

4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1896, after the overthrow(推翻) of the Hawaiian monarchy(君主政体) by American business interests, schools were banned from using the language, and children were beaten for speaking it.可知,1896年,美国企业团体推翻了夏威夷的君主制,并且禁止夏威夷的学校使用夏威夷语教学,孩子们会因为说夏威夷语而遭到殴打。夏威夷语因为被禁止,所以接近消亡。故选B。

5.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的They gathered together a small group of children and elderly native speakers...children being educated in Hawaiian has risen from 1,877 in 2008 to 3,028 in 2018.可知,通过用夏威夷语教育当地的孩子是使这种语言重生所做的努力。故选D。A项“举行罢工”;B项“支持法律”;C项“建立一所社区大学”。A、B两项文中都未提及。文中第三段提到的Punana Leo并不是一所社区大学,只是一个“language nest”。

6.C　 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But academic outcomes are not...more than we value being millionaires,” he says.可知在Wilson先生看来,夏威夷语的主要价值是传承夏威夷文化。故选C。

7.B　 主旨大意题。根据首段中的The chant(重复唱的歌词) is...but it has unusual power: it is one of the tools that have brought about the revival of a near-dead language.可知,这首儿歌的不寻常之处在于它是使一种近乎消亡的语言复兴的一种工具。首段点明主题,因此文章标题是“夏威夷语的复兴”最合适,故选B。A项“夏威夷语的价值”;C项“夏威夷语的流行”;D项“濒临毁灭的夏威夷语”。

【高频词汇】　1.bring about带来;引起;导致　2.decline n.衰退;下降　3.ban v.禁止　4.aside from除了……之外  5.bring...back to life使……复活　6.ruin v.毁坏;破坏;糟蹋   7.turn out原来是,结果是　8.pass on 传递;流传

长难句分析

原句　The decline of Hawaiian was not, as is the case with most disappearing languages, a natural death caused by migration(移民,迁徙) and the mass media.

分析　本句为主从复合句。主干为The decline of Hawaiian was not a natural death。as is the case with most disappearing languages为as引导的非限制性定语从句,as意为“正如……那样”;caused by...media为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a natural death。

句意　夏威夷语的衰落并不像大多数正在消失的语言那样是移民和大众媒体造成的自然消亡。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。很多国际学生在听说方面存在一定的困难,文章中提出了四个练习听说技能的方法。

1.G　设空处后一句“Below are some means of helping you to improve your conversational skills.”提出下面有一些提升对话技巧的方法,说明国际学生的阅读和写作水平还可以,但是在听说方面有问题。G项“然而,你可能在听和说这门语言方面有困难”符合语境,故选G项。

2.A　 设空处后一句“Hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English, but also helps you pick up cultural and social information.”告诉我们与本地人交朋友对于提高口语很有好处,而且还可以了解当地文化和社会信息。所以国际学生最好是与本地人成为朋友,而不是只和其他的国际生做朋友,A项“他们那样做是不好的”符合语境,故选A项。

3.B　 本段中前三句建议我们向美国朋友学习,请求他们帮助你提高听说水平。例如,你读错了单词或错用了习语,就可以请求他们指导你。B项“这样你就会取得进步”符合语境。故选B项。

4.E　设空处后一句告诉我们如果我们熟悉可能要讨论的话题,我们就可以更好地理解他们所说的内容,也可以表达好自己的意思。所以建议我们多听新闻,多看流行的节目和电影。E项“了解新闻,观看热门节目和电影”符合语境。故选E项。

5.C　设空处后一句“If you have to explain something to someone, you have a strong motivation to pronounce everything as well as you can, and find other ways to explain yourself.”告诉我们如果你不得不向别人解释某件事情,你就有强烈的动机去把一切读得尽可能好并找到其他一些表达自己意思的方法,再结合该段最后一句中的“I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college”可知,C项“如果可能的话,成为你学校的一名老师”符合语境。故选C项。

【高频词汇】　1.conversational adj.交谈的;会话的;口语的

2.end up doing...最终做……　3.hang out常去某处;泡在某处

4.pick up偶然习得;学会　5.motivation n.动机;积极性

6.owe..to...把……归功于……

长难句分析

原句　If you are familiar with the topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation, you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk, and of being able to express yourself well.

分析　本句为主从复合句。If you are familiar with the topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation是由If引导的条件状语从句, 其中that are...conversation是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the topics,that在定语从句中作主语;when引导时间状语从句。

句意　如果你熟悉谈话中可能被讨论的话题,你就有更好的机会在别人谈话时理解他们,并且能够很好地表达自己。