福建专用2022年高考英语一轮复习考点规范练38含解析新人教版

这是一份福建专用2022年高考英语一轮复习考点规范练38含解析新人教版，共6页。试卷主要包含了B　细节理解题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
(2020·天津)
After years f bserving human nature,I have decided that tw qualities make the difference between men f great achievement and men f average perfrmance curisity and discntent.I have never knwn an utstanding man wh lacked either.And I have never knwn an average man wh had bth.The tw belng tgether.
Tgether,these deep human urges(驱策力)cunt fr much mre than ambitin.Galile was nt merely ambitius when he drpped bjects f varying weights frm the Leaning Twer at Pisa and timed their fall t the grund.LikeGalile,all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent,“Why? Why? Why?”
Frtunately,curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned.We are brn with them and need nly recapture them.
“The great man,” said Mencius(孟子),“is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart.”Yet mst f us d lse it.We stp asking questins.We stp challenging custm.We just fllw the crwd.And the crwd desires nly the calm and restful average.It encurages us t ccupy ur wn little crner,t avid flish leaps int the dark,t be satisfied.
Mst f us meet new peple,and new ideas,withhesitatin.But nce having met and liked them,we think hw terrible it wuld have been,had we missed the chance.We will prbably have t frce urselves t waken ur curisity and discntent and keep them awake.
Hw shuld yu start? Mdestly,s as nt t becme discuraged.I think f ne friend wh culdn’t arrange flwers t satisfy herself.She was curius abut hw the experts did it.Hw she is ne f the experts,writing bks n flwer arrangement.
One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses.Yu haven’t any special ability? Mst peple dn’t; there are nly a few geniuses.Yu haven’t any time? That’s gd,because it’s always the peple with n time wh get things dne.HarrietStwe,mther f six,wrte parts f UncleTm’sCabin while cking.Yu’re t ld? Remember that Thmas Cstain was 57 when he published his first nvel,and that Grandma Mses shwed her first pictures when she was 78.
Hwever yu start,remember there is n better time t start than right nw,fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
1.In writing paragraph 1,the authr aims t .
A.prpse a definitin
B.make a cmparisn
C.reach a cnclusin
D.present an argument
2.What des the example f Galile tell us?
A.Trial and errr leads t the finding f truth.
B.Scientists tend t be curius and ambitius.
C.Creativity results frm challenging authrity.
D.Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire t explre.
3.What can yu d t recapture curisity and discntent?
A.Observe the unknwn arund yu.
B.Develp a questining mind.
C.Lead a life f adventure.
D.Fllw the fashin.
4.What can we learn frm paragraphs 6 and 7?
A.Gaining success helps yu becme an expert.
B.The genius tends t get things dne creatively.
C.Lack f talent and time is n reasn fr taking n actin.
D.Yu shuld remain mdest when appraching perfectin.
5.What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A.Curius Minds Never Feel Cntented
B.Reflectins n Human Nature
C.The Keys t Achievement
D.Never T Late t Learn
B
Brke Martin’s glden retriever(金毛猎犬)Kayla hated being left alne r separated.She wuld hwl,pace,and chew n things.Brke learned that ther peple had the same prblem with their pets.Shewndered:“What if yu culd talk t yur dg if yu were gne?”
Wrking with her father in their garage,the 16-year-ld came up with several ideas.Finally,she invented a device that allwed pet wners t vide chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPch.“The dg desn’t have t answer the call,”explainsBrke.“It cmes up immediately n the screen n its end.It’s a tw-way audi and vide—yu can see and hear each ther.”With a click f a buttn yu can even send the dg a treat!
Her inventin has earned her a spt cmpeting against nine ther finalists in a yung scientist cmpetitin fr middle-schl students.Thesefinalists,selected based n their shrt vide presentatins,are wrking with mentrs ver the summer befre heading t the final cmpetitin in St.Paul,Minn.
After Martin’s vide put her amng the 10 finalists in the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge,she was paired with Delny Langer-Andersn,a prduct develpment scientist in 3M’s cnsumer health care divisin.“I just lead her dwn the prduct develpment path,”Langer-Andersn tld LiveScience.This path includes guidance n hw t test the ptential prduct,which cmbines a vide chat device that answers immediately n the dg’s end with a dg treat device the wner can remtely activate.
“One thing I have thught abut a lt is,what happens if while the device is n the flr,what if yur dg kncks it ver,r scratches the screen?”Martinsaid.She and Langer-Andersn discussed this,and Martin is nw testing materials at a lcal dg shelter by taping them t the dg huse flr t see hw well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.
The finalists create mdels they can test,with the guidance frm a mentr.Their prjects include a fuel cell that transfrms cut grass int electricity and an app that rewards drivers fr nt texting r calling.Langer-Andersn tries t help the students wrk thrugh the scientific methd,testing their hypthesis,in a determined way.“S the kids dn’t get buried in data,”she said.
5.Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title f the text?
A.“iCPch” wins in a yung scientist cmpetitin
B.A 16-year-ld girl invents a device fr dgs’ hunger
C.A man-made device lets peple chat with their pets
D.A kid-invented device calms dgs’ separatin anxiety
6.“iCPch” calms pet dgs by .
A.allwing vide chat B.making dgs sleep
C.answering the callD.giving them fd
7.What is the prbable meaning f the underlined wrd “mentrs”?
A.Cmpetitrs.B.Assistants.
C.Instructrs.D.Cmpanins.
8.What d the inventins f the finalists have in cmmn?
A.They are all new inventins dealing with pets.
B.They are pssible slutins t everyday prblems.
C.They cpe with the prblems related t cmputers.
D.They are all accmplished thrugh individual wrk.
Ⅱ.七选五阅读
The Mdel T,created by Henry Frd,changed the way Americans live,wrk and travel. 1 The car came nly in black.But at $850,it cst abut half as much as ther cars n the market.Henry Frd’s great imprvement in an autmbile assembly line (汽车装配线) made the Mdel T the first car t be affrdable fr mst Americans. 2
Assembly-line prductin allwed the price f the turing car t be lwered frm $850 in 1908 t less than $300 in 1925. 3 Even befre it lst favur t larger and mre pwerful cars,the Mdel T,knwn as the “Tin Lizzie,” had becme an American symbl,basically realizing Frd’s gal t “demcratize the autmbile.”
Henry Frd funded the Frd Mtr Cmpany in 1903.At first,Frd built nly a few cars a day.Because demand fr Mdel Ts was s high,Frd develped a way t make mre f them withut increasing cst. 4 Wrkers std in frnt f a cnveyr belt(传送带),and each cmpleted ne step in putting the cars tgether.Frd’s methd f mass prductin changed life in the peple culd travel.Highways grew.
The Frd Mtr Cmpany stpped making the Mdel T in 1927.But the autmtive lifestyle had taken hld f America.Tday,the race is n t make cars mre efficient and t find green energy t pwer them. 5
A.In 1913,he invented a mving assembly line.
B.The Mdel T was ffered in several bdy styles.
C.Will inventrs with Frd’s creativity bring the next revlutin?
D.At that time half f all the cars in the United States were Mdel Ts.
E.On Octber 1,1908,the Frd Mtr Cmpany intrduced the Mdel T.
F.Between 1913 and 1927,Frd factries prduced mre than 15 millin Mdel Ts.
G.Fr the first time car wnership became a reality fr nrmal American wrkers,nt just the wealthy.
考点规范练38(选修8 Unit3)
Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了伟大成就获得者与平庸者的不同之处在于两方面:好奇心和不满足。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段内容,并结合全文内容可推断出,作者写第一段的目的是提出文章的论点。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容,尤其是第二段第一句内容可推断,作者举伽利略这个例子,是告诉我们伟大来自对探索的持久渴望。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断,为了重新找回好奇心和不满足,作者建议我们培养质疑的头脑,不要人云亦云、随波逐流。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第七段的前两个设问以及回答可推断,作者认为,缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。
5.C 主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知,文章首先提出论点,然后进行论证,最后得出结论。第一段主要指出取得伟大成就的人的两大品质。可见,C项最具概括性。
【解题导语】本文介绍了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种远程照顾宠物狗的设备,并因此进入探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的前十名。
6.D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种设备,这种设备能让狗和主人视频,让狗在主人离开时不感到焦虑,故选D项。
7.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“!”可知,iCPch通过让狗主人和狗视频聊天,从而让狗安静下来。故选A项。
8.C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“”可知,这次青年科学家挑战赛的决赛选手已经和指导者一起工作了一个夏天,画线词应表示“指导者”,故选C项。最后一段的withtheguidancefrmamentr也是提示。
9.B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第二句“”可知,这些决赛选手的发明可能帮助解决日常生活中的问题,故选B项。
Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了福特公司的T型汽车,它改变了美国人生活、工作和出行的方式。
1.E 根据下文的“Thecarcamenlyinblack.”可知,所填的句子应该是引出下文的过渡句,E项“1908年10月1日,福特汽车公司推出了T型汽车。”符合语境。
2.G 根据上文提到的“亨利·福特在汽车装配线上的巨大改进使T型汽车成为大多数美国人买得起的第一辆车。”可知,G项可以和上文构成因果关系。
3.D 上文提到一个时间“in1925”,D项中的“Atthattime...”可与之相衔接。
4.A 根据下文的“Wrkersstdinfrntfacnveyrbelt”可知,此处介绍的是汽车装配线,故选A项。
5.C 上文提到“今天,人们正在争相提高汽车的效率,并寻找绿色能源来为汽车提供动力”,由此可知,C项“拥有福特创造力的发明家会带来下一次革命吗?”可承接上文。