2023蚌埠高三上学期第一次教学质量检查试题英语含解析

这是一份2023蚌埠高三上学期第一次教学质量检查试题英语含解析，共16页。

姓名__________ 座位号______________________________
（在此卷上答题无效）
英 语
本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
考生注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Visiting a bookstore.
B. Going downtown for shopping.
C. Buying some books on the Internet.
2. Why does David talk to Professor Mills?
A. To ask for sick leave. B. To join a soccer team. C. To explain his lateness.
3. What kind of opera will the speakers see tonight?
A. A Chinese opera. B. An Indian opera. C. An Italian opera.
4. What is the price of the book?
A. About $1. B. About $4. C. About $6.
5. Why won't Steve go out for a walk tonight?
A. He has a bad cough. B. He can't stand the air. C. He is too tired.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does Henry plan to do tomorrow?
A. Borrow a book. B. Attend a wedding. C. Review his notes.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What was the woman invited to do?
A. Join a band. B. Travel to Cornwall. C. Attend a music festival.
9. What is the man's attitude toward the woman's decision?
A. Annoyed. B. Supportive. C. Worried.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why won't the woman have a rabbit?
A. Her son doesn't like it.
B. Her husband is allergic to it.
C. It is too difficult to look after.
11. What pet does the woman probably choose?
A. Afish. B. A dog. C. A bird.
12. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Shop clerk and customer. B. Family members. C. Friends.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How did Jim feel when the woman talked to him?
A. Grateful. B. Regretful. C. Relieved.
14. What was the most efficient way to quit smoking?
A. Phone coaching. B. Phone texting. C. Online chats.
15. What is Jim going to do after school?
A. Watch a program. B. Pick up his friend. C. Play football.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. A couple. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and parent.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What problem do the Chinese youth aged 6 to 17 have?
A. They are addicted to games.
B. They don't have enough sleep.
C. They can't concentrate on study.
18. What percentage of teenagers aged 13 to 17 sleep less than eight hours a day?
A. Below 41%. B. About 60%. C. Over81%.
19. Why does Li Yi go to bed late?
A. He plays mobile games.
B. He has too much homework to do.
C. He likes hanging out with his classmates.
20. What is Wang Guanghai's suggestion for schools?
A. Starting morning classes later.
B. Giving less homework to students.
C. Banning students from using cellphones.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you imagined spending a night in a museum? Fortunately, your fantasy may come true in the following museums.
Spy Museum | Washington, DC
The Spy Museum is entirely committed to the all-but-invisible profession and displays the largest collectionof spy objects in the world! "Operation Secret Sleepover"invites a group of juniors and parents for a night of detective training, like creating a fake name, gathering intelligence, studying questioning techniques, breaking codes, hunting for a lead, and more. The next mission kicks off on Friday, September 9, 2022.
Ages: 9 to 13
Cost: $115 for general admission/$105 for members
Baseball Hall of Fame | Cooperstown, New York
Fans of America's hobbies will take the opportunity to stay a few extra nights here. Travel along thehallowed galleries；enjoy a screening in the Grandstand Theater；show your respect to honoring legendary players like Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, and Ted Williams. Dates sell out quickly. To secure your spot, call（607）547—0329.
Ages:7 to 12
Cost:$50 for general admission
Milwaukee Public Museum | Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Who says kids get to have all the fun? The adults-only overnight at Milwaukee Public Museum is intendedfor the 21+ crowd. Tickets include dinner, two drinks, snacks, special tours, films in the six-story theater,entry to the new traveling exhibit"Maya: Hidden Worlds Revealed,"and continental breakfast. The next eventis October 20,2022. Registration closes two weeks prior.
Ages:21+
Cost:$125 for general admission
Baltimore National Aquarium | Baltimore, Maryland
Ocean and shark lovers will be delighted to spend nights at BNA. Dive into the fascinating underwaterworld, reveal myths, and discover the importance of these incredible creatures. Join experts for a behind-the-scenes tour, interact with marine life, and watch a 4D film.
Ages:8+
Cost:$120 for general admission|$100 for members
21. What can kids do at Operation Secret Sleepover?
A. Studying hunting techniques. B. Improving their intelligence.
C. Changing their identity cards. D. Trying some detective activities.
22. Which museum only admits adults?
A. Spy Museum. B. Baseball Hall of Fame.
C. Milwaukee Public Museum. D. Baltimore National Aquarium.
23. How much will 4 members pay for a visit to BNA?
A. $400. B. $420. C. $460. D. $480.
B
Many people find eating insects, like crickets（蟋蟀）, quite a treat. But raising crickets could be challenging as well! After JrasnattVongkampun and Marisa Arjananont, high school seniors, first tasted crickets, the 18-year-old food lovers sought out a cricket farm, hoping to find why the insects were tasty. There they learned about a major problem faced by the cricket farmers. As crickets are kept in close quarters, bigger crickets often attack the smaller ones. When attacked, a cricket will give up its own leg to escape the grab. But after abandoning a leg, the animal will often die. And even if it doesn't, losing a leg makes it less valuable to buyers.
The girls were determined to solve the problem. They left the farm with a few hundred cricket eggs. Aftersome research, they learned that colored light can influence the behaviors of some animals, including insects. Might colored light cut the risk of cricket fights? To find out, they transferred 30 newly hatched larvae（幼虫）into each of 24 boxes. The crickets in six boxes were exposed to red light. Six boxes to green light and six boxesto blue. The last six boxes of crickets lived in natural light. "Throughout, we documented how many crickets lost legs and died. The share of crickets with missing legs stayed at about 9 in every 10 among those living inred, blue or natural light. But fewer than 7 in every 10 crickets who grew up in a world of green lost legs. Also, the survival rate for crickets in the green box was four or five times higher than in the other boxes,"they report.
Obviously, creating a green-light world for crickets is a solution that could be brought to the farms. Jrasnatt and Marisa are already in talks with the farmers from whom they bought their cricket eggs. Will greenlighting boost their profits?
24. What is the problem for cricket—farmers?
A. The crickets are living in a tough situation.
B. Leg-lost insects can't appeal to food lovers.
C. The crickets can hurt each other when together.
D. There is no enough room to keep crickets alone.
25. What can we know from Paragraph 2?
A. There are no fights between crickets in natural light.
B. Colored light can pull crickets much closer together.
C. Crickets are more drawn to red light than green light.
D. Green-lighted crickets suffer fewer injuries and deaths.
26. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Farmers will wait to see the green lights. B. Cricket farms may go green in the future.
C. Teens can do what can't be done by adults. D. Cricket-raising industry will be promising.
27. Which word can best describe the two girls?
A. Curious-minded. B. Kind-hearted.
C. Good-mannered. D. Knowledgeable.
C
Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends? Researchers already knew that youngerkids'brains respond more strongly to their mom's voice than to a stranger's. But as kids turn teens, everything changes. "In adolescence, we show the exact opposite of that,"says Daniel Abrams, a neuroscientist at Stanford University who led a new research. This shift in what voice stimulates interest most seems to happenbetween ages 13 and 14. That's when teenagers are in the course of puberty（青春期）, a roughly decade-long transition into adulthood.
The researchers scanned the brains of 7 to 16 year-olds as they listened to things said by their mothers orby unfamiliar women. The words were purely inane:such as teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. As the kids listened to such rubbish words, certain parts of their brains became active. This was especially true in brain regions that help us to detect rewards and pay attention. That's exactly as it should be, Abrams adds.
These areas in the adolescent brain don't stop responding to mom. It's just that unfamiliar voices becomemore rewarding and worthy of attention. "As kids grow up, they interact with more people apart from their family. Their survival depends less and less on maternal（母亲的）support. They rely more and more on their peers—friends and others closer to their own age,"says Leslie Seltzer, a biological anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. "So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world. Thebrain seems to adapt to new needs that come with adolescence."
But mothers'voices still have special power, especially in times of stress. So while both teens and their parents may sometimes feel upset by missed messages, that's okay, Abrams says. "This is the way the brain is wired, and there's a good reason for it."
28. What did the new research find?
A. Younger kids are more sensitive to a stranger's voice.
B. Teens are less dependent on their moms than little kids.
C. Puberty is the key period for teens to develop their interests.
D. Teens pay more attention to strange voices than their moms'.
29. What does“inane”underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Abstract. B. Meaningless. C. Hard to spell. D. Impossible to read.
30. Why do teens respond strongly to strangers'voice according to Leslie Seltzer?
A. Because their social interaction expands. B. Because they gradually mature in mind.
C. Because they don't need family support. D. Because it is rewarding for their future success.
31. In which part of a newspaper can we probably see the text?
A. Lifestyle. B. Sports and fitness. C. Science. D. Breaking news.
D
Name an active volcano:Fuji, Vesuvius, Mt. St. Helens, or even Iceland's infamous Eyjafjallajokull—every single one of them has a decent-size population at the base, and some of them have full-blown big cities. Why do people choose to live near a ticking time bomb?
It all starts with the soil. The molten（熔化的）rock that pours forth during a volcanic eruption is known as magma（岩浆）when it's underground, and lava once it reaches the surface. Magma takes other things up with it—minerals and nutrients that are then broken down to make the soil extra productive. The result is thaton volcanic soil, tomatoes grow bigger, beans grow greener, and flowers grow brighter.
In Mexico, the active Popocatepetl and the inactive Iztaccihuatl are at the center of a centuries-oldlegend, and the Aztecs certainly weren't going to abandon the place most closely associated with their cultural heroes. Meanwhile, in Iceland, the cruelty of the volcano Hekla became a point of pride. Some Christians on the island believed it was literally a gateway to Hell, while others told a tale of an evil magician driven off by the volcano's lava bombs.
That explains why people have been living near volcanoes since the dawn of man. But as technology hasadvanced, the benefits of volcanoes have only increased. In Iceland and New Zealand, for example, geothermal energy plants have come to play a primary role in keeping the countries'lights on. That wouldn't bepossible without the volcanoes that created the islands in the first place. Plus, the unmatched sights created by volcanic networks aren't just pleasant to live near；they're also a major draw of tourist dollars. That kind ofthing can't be ignored.
Whatever the draw, it's clear that volcanoes have a lot to offer the people who live in their shadows. Living near a volcano is a lot like betting, but in this case, you're going to want to get out before things get too hot.
32. Why are some volcanoes mentioned in Paragraph1?
A. To introduce a volcano-related topic. B. To make comparisons between them.
C. To show how important volcanoes are. D. To highlight the most famous one worldwide.
33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Some active and inactive volcanoes worldwide.
B. Associations between city heroes and volcanoes.
C. Some unbelievable beliefs and cruelty of volcanoes.
D. The cultural role volcanoes play in some civilizations.
34. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Technology plays a key role in a country. B. Volcanoes can generate economic profits.
C. Volcanoes created some island countries. D. It is vital to build a network of volcanoes.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Can Volcanoes Serve the Locals?
B. Where Do People Actually Choose to Live?
C. Why Do People Live near Active Volcanoes?
D. What Will Volcano Tourism Go in the Future?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many students study by reading their notes and textbooks over and over again. But studies show there aremore effective ways to help you study smarter.
36Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. So theyneed first to set a reachable target. Break it into pieces and make them happen one by one. It may seem strangeat first. But after two weeks or more, it becomes a normal thing.
Don't just reread.37 Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle, rather than doing it yourself. It looks like it makes sense. But until you try it yourself, you don't really know if you understand it.
Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mentalimage if you have a concrete example of something.38On its own, that concept might be hard to remember. But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it becomes easier!
Dig deeper. It's hard to remember countless facts and figures if you don't push further. Ask why thingsare a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration（深究）. It's taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it.39
Practice more.Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.40 In astudy, students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test, they scored more than a full letter grade better, on average, than did students who studied the way they normally had.
As a teen, Cynthia Nebel studied by reading her textbooks, worksheets and notebooks. "Over and overand over again,” recalls this psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn. Now, she adds, “we know that's one of the most common bad study skills that students have."
A. Make a budget and save it.
B. Make a plan and stick to it.
C. The same should go for learning.
D. However, not all can apply to students.
E. In other words, don't just accept facts at face value.
F. Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.
G. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a cold rainy day and I saw an old dog walking up the hill to my house. He was41: I could even see the bones sticking out of his sides. He hadn't had a full42in many days and maybe he was43 or just lost, I wondered. My heart44 for him and I jumped into action. I45a bowl from mykitchen, filled it with my own dogs'food and ran outside.
The old dog eyed me46.I could see he didn't completely47strangers. I put the bowl down, took a few steps back and48 .After a while, he sniffed（嗅）the food and49slowly. His hair was smelly too—perhaps he hadn't had a50in a long time. He bent down his head and rapidly51 thecontents of the bowl. Soon half was gone. Suddenly, he52his head and gave me a meaningful53as if he was thinking of something. I said to him54, “Don't worry. I'll bring you some more."He hesitated for a moment and suddenly55the bowl with his mouth and walked downhill.
I was56and ran after him. After a few minutes, he stopped at a line of bushes. There lay another old dog, excited to share a57meal with his own kind. What a heart—warming58!
Everything we do in this life has59.It doesn't matter either if it is for a person or an old dog. Everyact of60makes us who we are. Every choice for love you make is a gift.
41. A. pickyB. skinny C. hungryD. difficult
42. A. scheduleB. sizeC. mealD. recovery
43. A. abandoned B. disabledC. greedy D. domestic
44. A. stopped B. voted C. reached D. ached
45. A. noticedB. grabbed C. washed D. dropped
46. A. cautiously B. warmlyC. gratefullyD. skillfully
47. A. botherB. greet C. trust D. recognize
48. A. wandered B. checked C. yelled D. waited
49. A. moved up B. ran away C. backed off D. lay down
50. A. position B. bath C. talkD. family
51. A. poured B. released C. wolfed D. outlined
52. A. loweredB. shook C. nodded D. raised
53. A. lookB. definition C. change D. response
54. A. seriously B. gently C. proudlyD. jokingly
55. A. circled B. labeled C. cleaned D. held
56. A. disappointed B. excited C. astonished D. inspired
57. A. freeB. rare C. balancedD. healthy
58. A. scene B. expression C. memoryD. performance
59. A. costs B. access C. excusesD. purpose
60. A. forgivenessB. courage C. kindness D. equality
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, the 24 solar terms 61. __________（create）thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But solar term culture is still useful today to help with people's lives through cultural 62. __________（ceremony）, special foods and even healthy living tips 63.__________correspond with each term.
Start of Autumn,（Li Qiu in Chinese）, the 13th solar term of the year, 64. __________（reflect）the end of summer and the beginning of autumn, meaning the 65. __________（fruit）season is approaching. Start of Autumn is also a big solar term for farmers. It's time 66. __________（gather）crops. There's a saying:“If it rains on this day, a good harvest is expected."
On this day, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight 67. __________what it was at the Start of Summer. If one has lost weight during the summer, then at the beginning of autumn, he or she needs to gain weight by 68. __________（eat）many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
69. __________Start of Autumn indicates the beginning of autumn, hot weather will not come to an end. The period of hot days after Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called “Autumn Tiger"or “Indian Summer". Because of decreasing rainfall, it is even 70. __________（hot）during this period than during Major Heat.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Going to works by train on a daily basis is never pleasant in the city. But today was different. In themorning I got up a little early than usual to catch the first train. I almost have an opportunity to sit down whenthe elderly lady got on the train. But I directed her to the seat I had my eye on and she thanked for me. A fewstops later as I was about leave the train, she gently stopped me. And a moved act took place—she gave me a smile card! Which seems rather small or unimportant in life really matter!
第二节书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
假定你是李华。目前有一些中学生周末做兼职，引发了热议。某英语报社以此为话题征稿。请你写一篇文章投稿，表达你对此现象的看法。
注意：1. 标题自拟；
2. 词数100左右；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
第一部分：
1-5 CCABB 6-10 BBCBC 11-15 CABAC 16-20 ABCAA
第二部分：
第一节：
21-25 DCACD 26-30 BADBA 31-35 CADBC
第二节：
36-40 BFGEC
第三部分：
第一节：
41-45 BCADB 46-50 ACDAB 51-55 CDABD 56-60 CBADC
第二节：
61. were created 62. ceremonies 63. that/which 64. reflects 65. fruitful
66. to gather 67. with/to 68. eating 69. Although/Though/While 70. hotter
第四部分：
第一节：
Going to works by train on a daily basis is never pleasant in the city. But today was different. In the morning I
work
got up a little early than usual to catch the first train. I almost have an opportunity to sit down when the elderly lady
earlier had an
got on the train. But I directed her to the seat I had my eye on and she thanked for me. A few stops later as I was
And/So
about ∧ leave the train, she gently stopped me. And a moved act took place—she gave me a smile card! Which
to moving What
seems rather small or unimportant in life really matter!
matters
第二节：
Have a try to work part-time
Admittedly, the last thing for us students is probably to spend the weekends going to work. There is homeworkto do, sports to play and fun to be experienced. But there are still some schoolchildren who are taking up part-timejobs on weekends.
Sure enough, working part-time gives me a sense of freedom, because I can be financially independent, whichhelps build my confidence when speaking to people and socializing with people I work with. Besides, properlyregulated part-time work is a good way to help us learn skills that we will need in the future.
So doing part-time jobs is really worth our effort. But we have to strike a balance between study and work.


【参考答案解析】
【语篇类型】应用文
【主题语境】人与社会——文学、艺术与体育——游历可夜览（过夜）的博物馆
【文章大意】本文介绍了四个可夜览（过夜）的博物馆的相关信息。
21. D。细节理解题。根据该部分的关于 Operation Secret Sleepover 项目的描述…for a night of detective training, like creating a fake name, gathering intelligence, studying questioning techniques, breaking codes, hunting for alead…可知。
22. C。细节理解题。根据该部分的 The adults—only overnight at Milwaukee Public Museum is intended for the 21+ crowd 以及其后的 Ages: 21+等信息可知。
23. A。细节理解题。根据该部分中票价的信息 Cost: $120 for general admission / $100 for members 可知。
【语篇类型】记叙文
【主题语境】人与自我——乐于学习，善于学习——两位少年学生通过研究解决蟋蟀因争斗而引起伤亡的问题
【文章大意】两位18岁的学生因吃蟋蟀而引发好奇心，在得知养殖蟋蟀所面临的难题时，积极通过自身学习和研究，最终解决了蟋蟀因争斗而引起伤亡的问题。
24. C。细节理解题。综合第一段的 As crickets are kept in close quarters, bigger crickets often attack the smaller
ones…give up its own leg to escape the grab. But after abandoning a leg, the animal will often die…可知，“蟋蟀因争斗断腿造成死亡”是养殖户所面临的难题。
25. D。归纳理解题。根据第二段的最后两人的汇报内容…The share of crickets with missing legs stayed at about 9 in every 10 among those living in red, blue or natural light. But fewer than 7 in every 10 crickets…in a world ofgreen lost legs…the survival rate for crickets in the green box was four or five times higher than…等信息可知“生活在绿光下的蟋蟀断腿（受伤）、存活的情况都要好一些”，故选D。
26. B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的…a solution that could be brought to the farms. Jrasnatt and Marisa are already in talks with the farmers from whom they bought their cricket eggs 等信息不难得出判断：这些养殖场有可能走“绿色养殖”之路（go green）。此处go green为双关词义：一是指在养殖蟋蟀的过程中使用绿光，一是指走“绿色养殖”之路。
27. A。观点态度题。根据第一段中…hoping to find why the insects 以及第二段中…were determined to solve the problem，再结合后文两位学生为了解决问题而开展研究等信息可知两人好奇心重，“喜欢钻研/探究（的）”。
【语篇类型】说明文
【主题语境】人与社会——科学与技术——科学研究报告——为什么青少年会更加在意陌生的声音
【文章大意】本文介绍了一项新的科学研究，探讨为什么青少年会更加在意陌生的声音而不再关注自己妈妈的声音。
28. D。细节理解题。根据第一段的 Researchers already knew that younger kids`brains respond more strongly to their mom’s voice than to a stranger’s. But as kids turn teens, everything changes. “In adolescence, we show theexact opposite of that…” 等描述可知，这项新的研究发现，相对于妈妈的声音，陌生（不熟悉）的声音更能吸引青少年的注意力。故选D。
29. B。词义猜测题。综合划线词后的such as…等具体词语以及其后的 As the kids listened to such rubbish words等信息可知，这些词语是“没有意义的”，故选 B。
30. A。推理判断题。根据第三段 Leslie的话 As kids grow up, they interact with more people apart from their family.Their survival depends less and less on maternal support. They rely more and more on their peers…So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world 等信息可知，因为社交的圈子变大，所以青少年的关注范围也扩展了，不再局限于家庭内部（尤其是妈妈）。
31. C。推理判断题。综合文本的相关信息可知，本文介绍的是一项科学研究成果，故选C。
【语篇类型】说明文
【主题语境】人与自然——环境保护——人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系——人为什么会居住在火山附近
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了人选择居住在火山附近的几个原因：土壤肥沃、文化功能以及经济效益等。
32. A。写作意图题。本段通过列举世界各地的火山引出后面所要讨论的话题：为什么人们会选择住在一颗“定时炸弹”边?（Why do people choose to live near a ticking time bomb?）
33. D。主旨大意题。本段主要讲述了在一些国家（文明）中，火山在文化方面所起的作用或扮演的角色等，故选D。
34. B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的 the benefits of volcanoes have only increased…geothermal energy plants havecome to play a primary role in keeping the countries` lights on 以及 they`re also a major draw of tourist dollars 等信息可知：火山也会带来经济收入（收益），故选C。
35. C。主旨大意题。根据第一段的最后一句 Why do people choose to live near a ticking time bomb? 可知全文围绕“人们为什么会选择住在有危险的火山附近”进行讨论，故选C。
【语篇类型】说明文
【主题语境】人与自我——生活与学习——善于学习
36. B。考查主旨概括型句子。根据后面几个段落的标题等信息可知本处应使用祈使句，再结合空格后的支撑性描述“许多学生知道别人对自己的期望，然而却不能提前谋划……”可知应选B。
37. F。考查评述性句子。选项中的“reading books and notes repeatedly”与段落标题中的“reread”在语义上构成复现关系。
38. G。考查注释/解释性句子。空格部分通过事例来例析“利用事例助学”的效果。
39. E。考查总结性句子。空格处所填句子是对本段的总结性评论，对段首提出的观点做重申。
40. C。考查过渡型句子。空格前2句分别以“音乐家……”和“运动员……”为例，说明“练习之于学习的重要性”。
【语篇类型】记叙文
【主题语境】人与自然——环境保护——人与动物
【文章大意】一个雨天，作者看到从山下上来一只瘦骨嶙峋的老狗。出于同情，作者取来狗粮喂它。狗吃了一半，却莫名其妙地叼着剩下的食物跑下山。作者一路跟随，却发现原来还有另一只饿狗……
41. B。句意：这只狗瘦骨嶙峋的……。从冒号后的文字“我都能清楚地看到他身上突出来的骨头”可知。picky:挑剔的，难伺候的；skinny:极瘦的，皮包骨的；hungry:饥饿的，渴望的；difficult:难的，难缠的
42. C。句意：我寻思着，这条狗之前好多天都没有吃过一顿饱饭……。从前文的“瘦骨嶙峋”、“皮包骨头”等信息可知。schedule:日程，安排表；size:尺寸，大小；meal:（一顿）饭；recovery:恢复，康复
43. A。句意：……也许是被遗弃了或是走丢了。abandon:遗弃，丢弃；disabled:有残疾的，无能的；greedy:贪婪的；domestic:国内的
44. D。句意：我为他感到心痛……。stop:停止，终止；vote:选举，投票；reach:到达，伸出；ache:疼痛，隐痛
45. B。句意：我从厨房抓了一只碗，装满了狗粮，跑了出来。notice: 注意到；grab:（匆忙地）取，拿（此处用于表现作者急切的心情）；wash:清洁，清洗；drop：丢下，掉落
46. A。句意：那只狗谨慎地看着我。cautiously:谨慎地，小心翼翼地；warmly:温暖地；gratefully:感激地；skillfully:熟练地
47. C。句意：从他的眼睛里我看得出，他并不完全相信陌生人。bother:麻烦，操心；greet:致意，打招呼；trust:信任，相信；recognize:识别，辨认，承认
48. D。句意：我放下碗，退后几步，等着他（上前去吃）。wander:漫游；check:检查，核对；yell:（大声）喊叫；wait:等待，等候
49. A。句意：过了一会，他嗅到了食物，慢慢地走上前。move up:向前移动；run away:跑走，跑掉；back off:退后；lie down:躺下
50. B。句意：他身上的毛也很难闻，也许好久都没有洗过澡了。position:位置，地位；bath:洗澡，沐浴；talk:谈话；family：家庭
51. C。句意：他低下头，不一会就狼吞虎咽了起来。pour:倾倒，倒；release:释放，发行；wolf:大口地快吃，狼吞虎咽；outline:强调，规定
52. D。句意：他突然间抬起头……lower:放低，低下；shake:摇动，晃动；nod:点头；raise:抬起
53. A。句意：……意味深长地看了我一眼，好像想到了什么事。look:看，神情，样子；definition:定义，阐释；change:变化；response:反应，回应
54. B。句意：我轻声地对他说，“别担心，我再给你拿一些。”seriously:认真地；gently:温柔地，轻柔地；proudly:骄傲地，自豪地；jokingly:戏谑地，调侃地
55. D。句意：他犹豫了一下，突然用嘴叼起碗往山下跑去。circle:画圈，转圈；label：贴标签；clean:清洁，清理；hold:拿住，保持
56. C。句意：我很是诧异，便跟了过去。disappointed:失望的；excited:兴奋的；astonished:吃惊的，意外的；inspired:受到启发（鼓舞）的
57. B。句意：灌木丛里躺着一只狗，兴奋地和同类分享这难得的一餐。free:免费的，自由的；rare:稀罕的，罕见的，难得的；balanced:均衡的，平衡的；healthy:健康的
58. A。句意：多么动人的一幕啊! scene:场面，片段；expression:表达，表述；memory:记忆；performance:表现，表演
59. D。句意：生活中我们所做的每一件事都有着重要意义。”cost:代价，成本；access:接近，进入；excuse:借口，理由；purpose:重要意义，有价值的意义
60. C。句意：每一个善举都能够成就我们自己。forgiveness:原谅，宽宏大量；courage:勇气；kindness:善良；equality:平等
【听力录音原文】
Text 1
M: Alice needs some new books to read.What about going downtown to visit a bookstore this afternoon?
W: Honey, why don't we just look for some picture books on Amazon? We don't even need to leave the house.
Text 2
M: I'm so sorry I am late, Professor Mills. I hurt myself when playing soccer this morning. It took a longer time thanI had expected to see the doctor.
W: That's OK. Don't worry about it, David.
Text 3
M: There is a traditional Chinese opera and an Indian opera at the National Theater tonight.
W: Although I'm a fan of Italian opera, I think it's a good idea to try something new. I haven't seen a Chinese opera. And next time we can enjoy the Indian opera.
M: OK. I'll go and buy the tickets.
Text 4
W: I'm sorry, sir. It is not required to use a credit card within 5 dollars.
M: But I don't have cash. And I really need this book.
W: You can add some stuff that costs $1 probably.
Text 5
W: What about going out for a walk this evening, Steve?
M: I don't think it is a good idea. Though I really want a walk outdoors, I don't want to breathe in polluted air. Itmakes me cough.
W: Then let's wait for better air.
Text 6
M: Susan, do you know the rules about being absent from a class?
W: Well, according to what I read in the student handbook, cases of unexpected absence may lower your grade byfive percent.
M: That's bad. Then I'd better inform Professor Miller about my absence tomorrow.
W: By the way, why are you skipping class, Henry?
M: My sister is getting married tomorrow. I really want to be present.
W: Well, tell me if you want to use my notes for the class.
M: I will. Thank you, Susan.
Text 7
W: Dad. I just received a call. I don't think I can go back to Cornwall with you today.
M: Why?
W: The lead singer of a famous band watched my performance at the park yesterday afternoon. She really loved myperformance. She asked me if I wanted to go to a bigger musical festival with her. She said she'd introduce me to herfans and a music producer. The festival is to take place in London. And I said yes.
M: That's great news! You've always wanted such an opportunity!
W: Yes. I'll get off at the next station and you have to go back home without me! I need to prepare for theperformance.
M: OK. Just take care of yourself!
Text 8
W: I'm looking for a pet for my son's birthday next week.
M: We have lots of animals. Do you have anything in mind?
W: Something that is easy to look after. He is not old enough.
M: Then fish are perfect. You just need to feed them once a day and clean their tank once a week.
W: I was thinking of something bigger, but not a dog or a cat. My husband is allergic to them.
M: What about a rabbit? Is he allergic to it?
W: No, I don't think so. But I used to have 10 rabbits when I was a kid. They were a lot of work.
M: Have you thought about a bird?
W: That sounds great. My friend has one. My son is very fond of it.
M: We have 12 different species now.
W: Do you have any green ones? That's his favorite color.
M: We do. Let me show you.
Text 9
W: Honey, do you know Jim has been using e-cigarettes?
M: Not at all. Using e-cigarettes can be harmful to his health.
W: I've already talked with him yesterday and he has agreed to quit. He said he felt very sorry about it.
M: Then how can we help him quit?
W: We can turn to the program called My Life, My Quit. It offers live coaching over the phone or online chats. It
also offers help through phone texting.
M: That's great. But is it really helpful?
W: Yes. The program was started on July 1st, 2019. In its first year, close to 1,300 kids signed up for the program. It found that 57.9 percent of the kids who chose phone texting had quit. With phone coaching, the quit rate jumped to87 percent. And this was the most efficient way.
M: That's great. Jim can choose this way. Oh, it's time to pick him up.
W: We can set off half an hour later today. He has football practice after school.
M: OK.
Text 10
W: We all know it is unhealthy to stay up late and that poor sleep quality can leave us in low spirits. However, manypeople still cannot get enough sleep, especially the young.
Over 60 percent of the Chinese youth aged 6 to 17 sleep less than eight hours a day, according to a report released by
the Chinese Sleep Research Society（CSRS）. Among 13 to 17-year-olds, the figure is more than 81 percent. According to their research, too much school homework is a major reason for lack of sleep among young people. Another reason is the frequent use of electronic products. More than 41 percent of children and teenagers who sleeptoo little use electronic products. Middle school student Li Yi said he goes to bed each day around midnight becausehe plays online mobile games together with many of his classmates. He thinks it's a way of relaxing after studying allday.
Lack of sleep among the youth has raised concern. So the Ministry of Education issued a guideline which says thatstudents should do their homework in a proper time range. Wang Guanghai, a member of the CSRS, said Chinashould take more steps to help students get more sleep, including delaying the morning classes half an hour.