高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题一名词冠词和代词基础巩固 (含解析)

专题一　名词、冠词和代词

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.　　　was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.

2.(2016课标全国卷Ⅱ)Recent 　　　 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.  

3.The quality of education in this small school is better than 　　　in some larger schools. 

4.(2016课标全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 　　　 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.  

5.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 　　　 (painting). 

6.(2017课标全国卷Ⅲ)Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 　　　 model in New York.  

7.I’d appreciate　　　if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 

8.Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children, and he owned 　　　 farm, which looked almost abandoned.  

9.(2017山东临沂一模)In China,I always spend the Spring Festival with Chinese　　　(family). 

10.　　　 prize for the winner of the competition is　　　 two-week holiday in Paris.  

11.Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is　　　. 

12.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in 　　　way. 

13.As we returned home, I gathered some 　　　　(item). 

14.(2017江西赣中南五校一模) Dating sites also make 　　　 easy to avoid someone who you are not interested in. 

15.She remembered how difficult 　　　 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.  

16.Any smell might attract natural 　　　 (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 

17.(2017山东烟台一模)Due to the strong voluntary support from the local people,the blood bank has enough blood to serve the local patients round 　　　 clock. 

18.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than　　　on the small ones. 

19.Generally,　　　 (students) inner motivation is essential to their development. 

20.(2017福建龙岩3月质检)More danger exists, but they cannot see　　　. 

21.The idea of Father’s Day came from 　　　 American woman called Sonora Smart Dodd in 1909. 

22.Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 　　　 (carrot) and was about to throw them away.  

23.At our factory there are a few machines similar to　　　described in this magazine. 

24.The parents were shocked by 　　　 news that their son needed an operation on his knee. 

25.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do　　　. 

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅱ)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.

2.(2016课标全国卷Ⅲ)At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.

3.When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.

4.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.

5.(2016课标全国卷Ⅱ) If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.

6.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

7.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.

8.Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.

9.(2017河南毕业班适应性考试) A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid.

10.(2017湖北荆门调研考试) Miss Ding was a very kind women teacher.

11.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评) The blog serves as open platform where you can do lots of things.

12. (2017山西晋商四校联考)Li Lin is a senior three students who devotes himself to his study every day.

13.So, instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by myself whenever he puts forward questions.

14.(2017山东临沂一模)I’m glad you’ve been offered two summer jobs at same time—working in a restaurant and working in a museum.

15.(2017江西九江十校二联) Though I was unhappy, I understood my parents and followed their advices.

16.In addition to these item, I take plenty of food and water.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.1.It　句意:就在我返回我的公寓的时候,我第一次遇到了我的新邻居。本题考查强调句。It is/was...that/who...是强调句式,本句中强调了when引导的时间状语从句,设空处应用It。

2.studies　空格处在主句中作主语,结合谓语动词show可知,空格处应用复数形式。故空格处填studies。

3.that　句意:这所小学校的教学质量比一些更大的学校的(教学质量)好。本句需用that替代前面的the quality of education,以避免重复。

4.a　for a while为常用短语。故空格处填不定冠词a。

5.paintings　many用于修饰可数名词的复数形式,故填paintings。

6.a　根据语境可知,空格处在句中表示泛指,故填不定冠词a。

7.it　句意:假如你提前让我知道你是否会来,我将不胜感激。考查代词。I’d appreciate it if...属于固定句式,表示“假如……我将不胜感激”。

8.a　名词farm在句中表示泛指,故空格处填不定冠词。

9.families　句意:在中国,我总是和中国家庭在一起过春节。family表示家庭为可数名词,设空处前面没有不定冠词,故需用名词复数形式表示泛指。

10.The;a　句意:这次比赛获胜者的奖赏是巴黎两周游。第一空后的名词prize在本句中表示特指,故用The;第二空后的holiday为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,结合two-week可知与不定冠词a连用。

11.another　句意:回收利用是保护环境的一种方式,重复使用是保护环境的另外一种方式。another再一,又一。

12.the　get in the way妨碍。

13.items　句意:当我们回到家时,我收集了一些东西。item为可数名词,some在本句中表示“一些”,由此可知需在设空处填item的复数形式。

14.it　设空处用it作形式宾语,“to avoid someone...”为真正的宾语。

15.it　空格处为形式主语,真正的主语是空后的不定式短语,故空格处填it。

16.enemies　空格处在句中作宾语,而空前没有冠词,根据语境可知,空格处应填写提示词的复数形式。

17.the　句意:由于当地人们的大力自愿支持,这个血库有足够的血给当地的病人提供昼夜不停的服务。round the clock为固定结构,意为“昼夜不停地”。

18.that　首先将题干改为:The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than the traffic on the small ones.然后考虑用that代替特指的the traffic,以避免重复。

19.students’　分析题干可知,空格处在句中作定语,结合语境可知,空格处应该填写提示词的所有格形式。故空格处填students’。

20.it　句意:更多危险存在,但是他们并未看到。根据More danger exists可判断danger在此处为不可数名词,故设空处用it。

21.an　空后的woman为可数名词单数,在句中表示泛指,结合定语American可知,an符合题意。

22.carrots　根据空后的人称代词them和语境可知,空格处应该填写提示词的复数形式。故填carrots。

23.those　句意:在我们工厂有几台机器和这本杂志里描述的那些相似。首先将题干补全为:At our factory there are a few machines similar to the machines described in this magazine.然后考虑用those替代特指的the machines,以避免重复。

24.the　名词news在句中表示特指,故空格处填定冠词the。

25.both　句意:这是二者择其一的局面——我们今年可以买一辆新车,或者可以去度假,但是不能二者兼顾。both用于否定句表示部分否定,意为“并非两者都”。

Ⅱ.1.informations→information　information 是一个不可数名词,没有复数形式,故informations错误,应改为information。

2.删除the　at first为介词短语,故删除定冠词the。

3.children→child　在逗号前,根据主语和不定冠词a可知,children使用错误,应用单数形式。

4.the→a　in a short period of time为介词短语,意为“在短时间内”,故the改为a。

5.knowledges→knowledge knowledge为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故句中的knowledges使用错误,应改为knowledge。

6.hurry前加a　in a hurry为常用短语,意为“匆忙”,故hurry之前添加不定冠词a。

7.step→steps　根据定语some和语境可知,可数名词step应用复数形式。

8.a→an　average的发音以元音音素开头,之前应用an,故a改为an。

9.him→her　give的宾语是那个女孩儿,因此用her而非him。

10.women→woman　句意:丁小姐是一位非常热心的女教师。a woman teacher一位女教师。

11.open前加an　platform为可数名词,在本句中表泛指,故在open前加不定冠词。open的发音以元音音素开头,故在open前加an。

12.students→student　句意:李林是一个高三的学生,每天他都全身心投入学习。根据本句主语(单数第三人称)可知需将students改为单数形式student。

13.myself→ourselves　ourselves与前面的us对应。

14.same前加the　句意:我很高兴你同时获得了两份暑假工作——在饭店工作和在博物馆工作。at the same time为固定结构,故在same前加the。

15.advices→advice　advice为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故将advices改为advice。

16.item→items或these→this　these需与可数名词复数连用。this可与名词单数连用。