Unit 4 Friends Forever Section Ⅱ　Integrating skills & Developing ideas(word 教师用书 含答案解析)

Section Ⅱ　Integrating skills & Developing ideas


重点单词
基础词汇
1.pour v. 灌，注，倒
2.pack n. 小盒，小包
3.passion n. 强烈的情感，激情
4.slice n. 片，薄片
5.quality n. 素质，品德
6.drag v. 拖，拉
7.correspond v. 通信
8.partner n. 伙伴，搭档
拓展词汇
9.encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞→encourage v．鼓励，鼓舞→discourage v．使沮丧，使泄气→discouragement n．沮丧；挫折
10.comfort n．安慰，慰藉；v.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的
11.patience n．耐心→patient adj.耐心的；容忍的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地，容忍地
12.generosity n．慷慨，大方→generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
13.humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的
14.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑，不安
15.fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的
16.distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系→distant adj.遥远的
重点短语
1.mix...with... 把……同……混合在一起
2．according to 根据，依据
3．in fact 事实上
4．agree with 同意；赞成
5．begin with... 以……开始
6．be set in... 以……为背景
7.start for 动身去某处
8．make one’s fortune 发财
9．ought to 应该，应当
10．work out 详细拟定，规划
11．hear from... 受到……的来信
12．turn up (意外地或终于)出现
重点句型
1.it作形式宾语：This makes it clear(说明白) to the other person that you are giving them a choice.
2．be to do 表计划、打算：The next morning I was to start for(将动身去) the West to make my fortune.

Read the passage on Page 44－45 and choose the best answer.
1．What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A．To change people’s usual impression of friendship.
B．To tell us how difficult it is to meet a person.
C．To warn us no to be late for meeting friends.
D．To show the friendship between the two former friends.
2．What promise did they make before they parted?
A．Making a large fortune.
B．Working out their destiny.
C．Meeting again at the same place.
D．Not giving up the hope of living.
3．What do we know about Jimmy?
A．He has a special feeling for New York.
B．He didn’t know other places in the world.
C．He wanted to live a meaningful life alone.
D．He had no idea of what his future would be like.
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．I felt disappointed at not seeing Jimmy.
B．I firmly believed Jimmy was a reliable person.
C．Jimmy and I never contacted each other before.
D．Jimmy was too far away to arrive on time.
答案：1－4.DCAB


encouragement　n．激励；鼓励
(教材P42)Next, add: two cups of trust, one spoon of encouragement, three spoons of helpfulness...
接下来，加入：两杯信任，一勺鼓励，三勺帮助，……
(1)encourage v．　　　　　　 鼓励，激励
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
(2)encouraging adj. 鼓励的，鼓舞人心的
(3)discourage v. 使泄气；使气馁
discourage sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事
(4)discouraged adj. 泄气的；失去信心的
discouraging adj. 令人泄气的；使人沮丧的
①An ideal life is the kind of life that is encouraged by love and guided by knowledge.
理想的生活是一种由爱激励和由知识引导的生活。
②Teachers often encourage us to try(try) new things in our daily life.
老师经常鼓励我们在日常生活中尝试新鲜事物。
③I’m glad to hear the encouraging(encourage) news that his brother has been admitted into Peking University.
听到他哥哥已经被北京大学录取的这个鼓舞人心的消息，我很高兴。
④We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas.　除特定区域外，我们禁止吸烟。
⑤(福建卷)We shouldn’t get discouraged(courage) right after failures.Rather，we should keep trying with enthusiasm.　失败后我们不应该失去信心。相反，我们应该充满热情地继续努力。
patience　n. 耐心；忍耐，忍受
(教材P42)．..one glass of comfort, two drops of patience, one bag of passion...
……一杯安慰，两滴耐心，一袋激情……
(1)patient adj.　　　　　　 耐心的；能忍受的
n. 病人
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
be patient of sth. 忍受/忍耐某事
(2)impatient adj. 不耐烦的；没有耐心的
impatience n. 不耐烦
with patience＝patiently 耐心地
①It takes great patience to take care of children.
照顾孩子需要很大的耐心。
②Bob is a little slow in understanding, so we have to be patient with him.
鲍勃理解稍微慢一点。因此我们不得不耐心对他。
③As a parent, you should sometimes be patient of the mistakes by children, which may offer them more growing space.　为人父母，你有时应当容忍孩子犯的错误，这会给他们提供更多的成长空间。
④(江西卷)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience(patient)．　无论什么时候我犯了错误，老师总是耐心地把它们指出来。

形容词patient的名词形式是patience，以下以­t结尾的形容词改变词尾为­ce后便变为名词：
①important→importance　　②distant→distance
③convenient→convenience ④intelligent→intelligence
⑤silent→silence
anxious　adj. 忧虑的，不安的
(教材P42)patience noun [U] the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry　patience 名词[不可数]一种在没有焦虑或生气的情况下等待的能力
(1)be anxious about sth.　　　 为某事担心/担忧
be anxious for sth./to do sth. 渴望某事/做某事
(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑，担心
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地；忧虑地；渴望地
①(陕西卷)You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late.
如果你去吃晚餐动身晚了，你就会感到不安。
②(2016·江苏卷)Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
杰克禁不住担心他的工作面试。
③These students were anxious to know(know) the results of the exam.　这些学生急于知道考试成绩。
④He is anxiously(anxious) awaiting the result of the medical tests.　他焦虑地等待着体检的结果。
⑤The old woman was waiting for the return of her son with anxiety(anxious)．
老妇人望眼欲穿地盼望儿子归来。

My daughter studies very hard, because she is anxious to go to college. But she is anxious about not passing the College Entrance Examination. I am really anxious that she should get rid of anxiety.
我的女儿学习很努力，因为她渴望上大学。但她又担心不能通过大学入学考试。我真希望她能够消除忧虑。
set(a play，novel，etc.)in　设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景
(教材P44)The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night.　这则短篇故事《二十年后》以纽约为背景，发生在一个寒冷漆黑的晚上。
be set in　　　　　　　 以……为背景
set down 放下，记下
set off 出发，动身(与for 连用)；
使爆炸；引起
set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)
set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)
set up 建立，树立，搭起
①Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.
《远大前程》以19世纪早期的英国为背景。
②Set(set) in London in the 1960s, the novel has become a best­seller.　以二十世纪六十年代的伦敦为背景，这部小说已经成为一本畅销书。
③The moment he arrived home, he set about cleaning(clean) the house.
＝The moment he arrived home, he set out to clean(clean) the house.　他一到家就开始打扫房间。
④We set off for London just after ten.
刚过十点，我们就动身去伦敦了。
⑤He set up a non­profit organization 10 years ago when he just graduated from college.
十年前他刚大学毕业时，就建立了一个非营利组织。
fortune　n. 运气；命运；财富；大笔的钱，巨款
(教材P44)The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.
第二天，我计划动身去西部寻求发财之道。
(1)have the good fortune to do sth.有幸做某事
make a fortune 发财
try one’s fortune 碰运气
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的，运气好的
be fortunate 有幸做某事
(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地
unfortunately adv. 不幸地
①When fortune smiled on him, he made the most of it.
当好运来临时，他充分把握住了。
②She was fortunate enough to find(find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.
她大学一毕业就找到了工作，真是幸运。
③Fortunately(fortunate) for him, his parents managed to send him to school though badly off.
对他来说幸运的是，尽管贫穷，父母仍送他去上学。
④Unfortunately(fortunate)，many people around the world are still struggling against hunger.
不幸的是，世界各地很多人仍在与饥饿作斗争。

fortune作“机会，运气”讲时，为不可数名词，作“财产”讲时，为可数名词。
distance　v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系
(教材P44)．..no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.
……不管我们的生活近况有可能是什么样的，或者我们不管走多远来到这里。
(1)in the distance　　 在远方，在远处
at a distance 稍远处
at a distance of 在……远的地方
(2)distant adj. 遥远的；(指人)远亲的；冷淡的
①What’s the distance from New York to Chicago?
纽约到芝加哥有多远？
②The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.　在两英里外就能听到瀑布的声音。
③The fire which lights us at a distance will burn us when near.　远火能照亮，近火会烧人。
④Because of the heavy fog, I couldn’t make out the person in the distance．
由于大雾，我没能认出远处的那个人。
⑤The high­speed train station is about ten miles distant(distance) from the city.
高铁站距离城市约十英里远。



it作形式宾语
(教材P43) This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.
这就向对方表明了一种情况，那就是你在给他们一个选择。
该句型为“make it＋adj.＋that从句”，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
(1)it作形式宾语的句型：
①make＋it＋(adj./n.)＋(for sb.)to do sth.
②make＋it＋(adj./n.)＋从句
③make＋it＋no good/no use/no value，etc.＋doing sth.
(2)与make用法相同的其他动词： think/consider/find/feel/believe等。
①We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.
我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
②He made it a rule to get(get) up at 6 o’clock in the morning.
他使每天早上6点起床成为一种习惯。
③Until now scientists still feel it difficult to land on the Mars.
直到现在科学家们仍觉得要登上火星是困难的。
④I consider it no use quarrelling(quarrel) with him about it.
我认为就这件事情和他争吵是没有用的。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
(1)It is possible for every student in our school to use a computer in class.
→Our school makes it possible for every student to use a computer in class.
(2)I think reading in bed is no good.
→I think it no good reading in bed.


品句填词
1．Honesty is a good quality(品质) which the Chinese honor and admire.
2．He had never imagined that his destiny(命运) would have been changed by an accident.
3．He and a partner(同伴) set up on their own and built a successful fashion company.
4．I could never have achieved this without the encouragement(鼓励) of my husband and family.
5．The family continues to be the primary source of care and comfort(安慰) for people as they grow older.
6．He’s a good teacher, but he doesn’t have much patience(耐心) with the naughty pupils.
7．His generosity(慷慨) of donating food to the poor is highly praised by his neighbors.
8．I have a great sense of humour(幽默) and people say I have a wonderful personality.
9．My mother always gets a bit anxious(不安的) if we don’t arrive when we say we will.
10．He inherited a large fortune(大笔的钱) from his uncle, which was quite unexpected to him.
完成句子
1．我的导师鼓励我参加一个夏季课程来提高我的写作技巧。
My advisor encouraged__me__to__take__a__summer__course to improve my writing skills.
2．她向我们明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。
She made__it__clear__to__us__that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.
3．杰克，你能看见远处水面上漂浮着红色的东西吗？
Jack, can you see something red floating in__the__distance on the water?
4．他们将在学校门口见面。
They are__to__meet at the gate of the school.
5．(浙江卷)应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，行为更加规矩。
Students should be__encouraged__to__develop__good__habits and better behave themselves.

单句语法填空
1．I think she has many good qualities(quality) besides being very beautiful.
2．As usual, Mr. Marshal began his lecture with a joke.
3．It was her teacher’s encouragement(encourage) that led her into acting when she was young.
4．The museum to be visited was within easy walking distance(distant) of the hotel.
5．He is too anxious to__know(know) the result of the final examination.
6．I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English program on the radio.
7．(陕西卷)He promised that he would come, but he hasn’t turned up yet.
8．Now there are many young men dreaming of making a fortune without hard work.
9．You must have your trip plan worked(work) out before you start off.
10．There was a queue of people waiting with patience(patient) for the bus to arrive.
阅读理解
A
A friend is better than money. A friend is worse than poison in some cases. The two sentences above have opposite meanings and seem to be unreasonable, but they can be explained as follows: the first refers to all good friends who drive us towards good while the second all bad ones who lead us into bad ways.
My ideal(理想的) friend is of course a good friend whose goodness is shown below—he has no bad habits, such as smoking and drinking. He lives in frugality(节俭). He studies hard so as not to waste his golden time. At home he honors his parents and loves his brothers; at school he respects his teachers and shares the feelings of his classmates. He treats those truly who are true to him. In a word, he has all the good characteristics(特征) that I don’t have. I can follow him as a model. With his help I can be free from all difficulties.
Indeed, if I have such a person as my friend, I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the existence of the word “failure”．
【解题导语】　好朋友比金钱更重要，而坏朋友却比毒药更糟糕，那么我们理想的朋友应该是什么样的呢？本篇文章的作者给出了自己的观点。
1．This passage mainly tells us ________．
A．how to make friends with others
B．how to help friends
C．what kind of person the writer’s friend is
D．what kind of person we should make friends with
D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇文章主要讲的是我们应该与什么样的人做朋友，故选D。
2．According to the writer, an ideal friend refers to ________．
A．a friend without bad habits
B．a famous man
C．a perfect man
D．a respectable man
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者认为理想的朋友指的是没有坏习惯，生活节俭，学习用功，不浪费黄金时间的人，故C项最符合题意。
3．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The writer and his ideal friend have a lot to learn from each other.
B．The writer has a lot to learn from his ideal friend.
C．The writer’s ideal friend has a lot to learn from him.
D．The writer has only a little to learn from his ideal friend.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“I can follow him as a model.”可知作者有许多向理想中的朋友学习的地方，故选B。
4．From the second paragraph, we can infer the writer is sure that ________．
A．friendship means a great deal to him
B．nothing can be done without friends
C．he who does not smoke or drink must be a good friend
D．good friends should always help each other
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知作者认为理想中的朋友应该有许多作者没有的好品质，作者可以向他学习，在他的帮助下作者可以免受所有的困难，因此对作者来说，友谊意味着很多。故A项符合题意。
B
Students from Oceanside High School in Rockland will be able to sleep in a little longer from this autumn.
Regional School Unit 13 Superintendent(负责人) Lew Collins said during the school’s Thursday night meeting that the schedule(时间表) for the schools will be changed. Oceanside East and West will start a half hour later, at 8 a．m. for their new school year.
Research has shown that teenagers’ brains are often not fully awake at 6：30 a．m. Collins said the schedule, which is used to get students to school for classes that begin at 7：30 a．m., calls for some to get on buses before 6 a．m. to get to school on time. Teachers are having meetings at 6：40 a．m., which is too early, he thinks.
Collins visited the high schools in Rockland and asked students when they would like classes to begin. Most of them said 8：00 a．m.“I was surprised. I thought they would have said 9：00 or 10：00，”he said.
The National Sleep Foundation says on its website that teenagers’ biological clocks(生物钟) are designed to stay up later and get up later. The Foundation called for schools to change their schedules, which means a later start as well for elementary students(小学生)．
“We do not have enough buses to run, since all the high school and elementary school buses run almost at the same time，” Collins said. He suggested，“We should buy six more buses and get six more drivers to keep the new schedule working.”
Elementary school classes in Rockland now start at 8：30 a．m., but will be moved to 8：45 a．m., starting in the autumn.“I know this is a problem for working parents, but we will see what we can come up with，”said Jane Brown, a teacher at Bardonia Elementary School.“Anyway, I believe if students get more sleep they’ll be more ready to learn when classes start，”she added.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。考虑到学生们的身体特点，Rockland的学校将要推迟上课时间。
5．A new schedule will be made to ________．
A．add more interesting subjects
B．help students do better in class
C．ask parents to learn about schools
D．cut the number of meetings down
B　解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“teenagers’ brains are often not fully awake at 6：30 a．m.”和第五段中的“teenagers’ biological clocks(生物钟) are designed to stay up later and get up later”可知，制定新时间表的目的是为了符合孩子们的睡眠规律以便他们在课堂上拥有更好的状态，故选B项。
6．One of the problems facing the schools in Rockland is that they will ________．
A．be afraid of working parents’ disturbance
B．be worried about children’s safety
C．be short of school buses
D．be short of teachers
C　解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“We do not have enough buses to run”等信息可知，问题之一便是缺少校车，故选C项。
7．What does Jane Brown think of the new schedule?
A．She is not certain about it.
B．She is not interested in it.
C．She is worried about it.
D．She is hopeful about it.
D　解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中Jane Brown所说的“I believe if students get more sleep they’ll be more ready to learn when classes start”可知，对于新时间表她是满怀信心的，故选D项。
七选五
How to Make Friends at a New School
Starting with a new school can be difficult.Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes.1.________ However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends.
Be yourself.
2．________ If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need.People often stay together because they have similar interests.For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.
3．________
Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school.If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you.Also, remember to be as helpful as possible!
Believe in yourself.
A smile goes a long way.When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor.Raise your head and make eye contact with other people.4.________ Introduce yourself.Tell them your name and where you’re from.
Remember people’s names.
You like it when people use your name, and so do other people.5.________ Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname(昵称)．You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy.
A．Be friendly to others.
B．Making new friends can be hard, too.
C．Join after­school activities you like.
D．Never change who you are to try and fit in.
E．If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi” .
F．People may become angry if you just begin by saying “Hey” each time.
G．Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种在新学校结交朋友的方法。
1．B　解析：由该空后的However, if you use...strangers into friends.可知，这里是说结交新朋友也会很难，故选B项。
2．D　解析：由该段标题Be yourself.和该空后的说明可知，D项内容符合此处语境。
3．A　解析：由该段中的Remember to be nice...at your new school.和remember to be as helpful as possible等信息可知，本段主要是讲要对他人友善，故用A项作为小标题最恰当。
4．E　解析：由该空前后的make eye contact with other people和Introduce yourself.等信息可知，E项内容符合此处语境。
5．F　解析：由该段标题Remember people’s names.和该空前的You like it when people use your name, and so do other people.可知，记住别人的名字非常重要，如果你每次都称呼对方 “嘿” ，他们可能会生气，故选F项。
语法填空
Mountain climbing is a sport different from rock climbing. Mountain climbing equipment therefore differs 1.____________ rock climbing equipment sometimes, 2.____________ the two sports do have many pieces of equipment in common.
Perhaps 3.____________ most common piece of mountain climbing equipment is the carabiner, 4.____________ is a metal
hook(挂钩) with a gate that opens and closes to make a rope through it. This piece of equipment is used for a variety of purposes, and most 5.____________(climber) have several carabiners on hand during a climb.
Mountain climbers also 6.____________(usual) use a tool called an ice axe(冰镐). This tool is used for different purposes according to 7.____________(it) design: some ice axes are designed for climbing pieces of ice, and they are used together with another piece of mountain climbing equipment 8.____________(know) as crampons. Crampons have sharp metal teeth that 9.____________(connect) with the climber’s shoes. The ice axes used for climbing often feature a bend in the handle, and people often choose the ice axe that 10.____________(be) narrow and strong enough to be plunged(穿入) into hard ice repeatedly. The teeth of the crampon are also narrow and quite hard for the same purposes.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了几种登山工具。
1．from　解析：考查介词。differ from sth.与……不一样。
2．though/although　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，登山是一种与攀岩不同的运动。尽管这两项运动的很多装备一样，但还是有些装备不一样。故填though/although。
3．the　解析：考查冠词。因为此空后面是形容词的最高级，故用定冠词the。
4．which　解析：考查关系代词。因为此处是一个非限制性定语从句，且先行词为carabiner，指物，故用关系代词which。
5．climbers　解析：考查名词的数。因为前面是most修饰，且climber是可数名词，故填climbers。
6．usually　解析：考查副词。此处是用来修饰动词use，故用其副词形式，故填usually。
7．its　解析：考查代词。此处it指代前面的This tool，又因为修饰的是名词，故用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
8．known　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是作后置定语，且equipment与know构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
9．are connected　解析：考查动词的语态。因为sharp metal teeth与connect构成动宾关系，故填are connected。
10．is　解析：考查主谓一致。因为主语that指代the ice axe，故谓语动词用单数，故填is。