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【寒假自学】2023年人教版英语七年级-第03讲《可数名词和不可数名词》寒假精品讲学案
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这是一份【寒假自学】2023年人教版英语七年级-第03讲《可数名词和不可数名词》寒假精品讲学案，文件包含第03讲可数名词与不可数名词解析版docx、第03讲可数名词与不可数名词原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
考
点
考点方向
1.名词辨析
2.名词的数
考点内容
1.可数名词复数的规则/不规则变化
2.复合名词的复数变化
3.不可数名词的数量表示
命题聚焦
1.考查重点：
名词的数
2.常考题型：
选择题、填空题
知识复习
【定义】
名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质、抽象概念、感情等的名称的词。
根据所表示的事物的性质，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
本课时学习可数名词和不可数名词。
【考点01】可数名词和不可数名词
【例子】（2021·广西河池·中考真题）
—Lisa, culd yu help me buy sme ________ n yur way hme?
—Ok, mm.
A．eggB．beefC．bananaD．ptat
【拓展】特例
有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同
glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸)—a paper(报纸；文件；试卷) rm(空间)—a rm(房间)
chicken(鸡肉)—a chicken(小鸡) fish(鱼肉)—fishes(各种各样的鱼) range(橘子汁)—an range(橘子)
exercise(锻炼，运动)—exercises(习题) life(生活)—lives(生命) time(时间)—times(倍，次数)
【注意】
1.可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2.多个并列可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。【考点02】可数名词复数形式的规则变化
【例子】 （（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）Space ________, astrnauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu safely came back t the earth frm the Tiangng space statin last mnth.
A．herB．hersC．heres
【拓展】
“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。
five-year-ld 5岁大的；
a five-pund nte 一张5英镑的纸币
a six-ft-deep hle一个6英尺深的洞
【考点03】可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
【例子】（2021·西藏·中考真题）
All ________ received fresh flwers n Wmen’s Day.
A．wman teacherB．wman teachersC．wmen teachersD．wmen teacher
过关检测
1．（2022·山东济南·七年级期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—I need a T-shirt and ________ shes.
A．a pairB．f a pairC．a pair fD．pair f
2．（2022·全国·七年级期末）—Can I help yu?
—Yes, please. I want ________.
A．a pantB．a pantsC．pantsD．sweater
3．（2021·山东·青岛大学附属中学七年级期末）I can see many ________ n the hill, but I can’t see ________.
A．sheep; any dgsB．hrses; sme cats
C．chicken; any tigersD．ducks; a elephant
4．（2021·广西·七年级期末）—What wuld yu like?
—I’d like sme ________.
A．chicken and tmat ndlesB．chicken and tmates ndles
C．ndles with chicken and tmatD．ndles with chickens and tmates
5．（2022·西藏拉萨市七年级期末）The girl likes ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．ptats; chickenB．ptates; chickens
C．ptates; chickenD．ptat; chickens
6．（2022·上海·七年级期末）—In ur schl, we d eye ________ every day.
—It’s really gd ________.
A．exercise; exerciseB．exercises; exercises
C．exercises; exerciseD．exercise; exercises
7．（2022·江苏·七年级期末）Billy ges t the supermarket t buy tw _______ fr dinner every Saturday mrning.
A．meatB．kil f meatC．kils f meatD．kils meat
8．（2022·江苏扬州·七年级期末）—Is there anything I can d fr yu, sir?
—I’d like tw ________. We all like them.
A．bwls f ricesB．bxes f applesC．kils f prksD．bttles f ranges
9．（2022·河北邢台·七年级期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—Er, I’d like a glass f milk, sme bread, ________.
A．sme chickensB．any chickensC．sme chickenD．any chicken
10．（2022·河北唐山·七年级期末）Fr breakfast, I have sme ______ and ________.
A．rice; eggB．rices; eggsC．rices; eggD．rice; eggs
11．（2022·吉林长春·七年级期末）—D yu want sme ________?
—Yes, please.
A．strawberryB．breadC．tmatD．egg
12．（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）Culd yu please give me _________ t write dwn the message?
A．a paperB．sme papers
C．a piece f paperD．sme pieces f papers
13．（2022·吉林·长春外国语学校七年级期末）—Hw many ________ dctrs are there in yur hspital, David?
—________ them ________ ver ne hundred.
A．wmen; The number f; isB．wmen; A number f; are
C．wman; A number f; areD．wman; The number f; is
14．（2022·江苏淮安·七年级期末）The little by is crying because he lst（掉了）his tw ________ in his muth.
A．tthB．tthsC．tthesD．teeth
15．（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）Thse _________ usually g t wrk _________ undergrund. They all like the Green Travel.
A．Germans, byB．Germany, takeC．German, byD．Germany, by
16．（2022·四川·七年级期末）There are lts f ________ n the farm.
A．sheepB．chickenC．hrseD．meat
17．（2022·重庆八中七年级期末）It’s time t make dinner nw. Let’s g and buy ________ in the new Ynghui Supermarket.
A．tmat and pearsB．vegetable and hamburgers
C．fruit and chickenD．eggs and carrt
18．（2022·全国·七年级期末）Jim and Bill ________ gd ________.
A．is, friendB．are, friendC．is, friends `D．are, friends
19．（2022·云南昆明·七年级期末）—Mum, I’m hungry. Can I have smething t eat?
—Hungry? Yu have eaten ________ and ________.
A．three bwls f ndle; tw hamburgerB．three bwls f ndles; tw hamburgers
C．three bwl f ndles; tw pieces f hamburgerD．three ndles; tw pieces f hamburger
20．（2022·重庆八中七年级期末）—Sir, may I take yur rder?
—OK. I’d like ne bwl f ________.
A．eggs ndlesB．ndles with eggC．egg ndleD．egg ndles
21．（2022·重庆·西南大学附中七年级期末）—I beard that yu ate ut at Yi Xi Restaurant yesterday.
—Yeah, _______ a wnderful dinner it was! We had sme _______, fried（炒的）vegetables and a large bwl f sur（酸的）sup with _______.
A．hw; fishes; ndlesB．what; fish; ndles
C．hw; fish; ndleD．what; fishes; ndle
22．（2022·重庆巴蜀中学七年级期末）Linda has healthy eating habits. She always has ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．fishes; ndlesB．muttn; ice-creamC．chicken; beefD．salad; dumpling
23．（2022·广西贺州·七年级期末）—Mike, is there any fd in the fridge(冰箱)?
—N, We need t buy sme _______ and _______.
A．beef; ninB．beef; carrtsC．muttn; tmatsD．muttn; ptat
24．（2022·河南郑州·七年级期末）— D yu want sme _______?
— Yes, please.
A．vegetableB．breadC．hamburger
25．（2022·北京顺义·七年级期末）Hw many ________ are there in yur family?
A．childB．childrenC．childs
中考直达
1．（2022·西藏·中考真题）Mre and mre ________ want t learn abut Chinese culture.
A．GermansB．GermanC．GermanyD．Germans’
2．（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Uncle Li has a farm, there are sme________ n the farm.
A．chicken and sheepB．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheepD．chicken and sheeps
3．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—Can I help yu?
—Please give me ________ abut the trains t Daqing.
A．a few infrmatinsB．a little infrmatinsC．a little infrmatinD．a few infrmatin
4．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Three fifths f the teachers in ur schl are ________.
A．man teachersB．men teachersC．wman teachersD．wmen teacher
5．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）Lk! There are sme ________ eating grass n the hill.
A．sheepB．cwC．hrse
6．（2022·广西桂林·中考真题）Bill has gt tw ________.
A．sisterB．brthersC．student
7．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）With the intrductin f the “duble reductin” plicy (双减政策), ne f the ________ ________ that the students have less hmewrk.
A．changes; isB．change; isC．changes; are
8．（2021·湖南岳阳·中考真题）We see sme________ rising int the air at the pening f ur new library.
A．ballnsB．ballnC．ballnes
9．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）I’m nt hungry at all because I just ate much ________.
A．applesB．bananasC．bread
10．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）— Wuld yu like sme ________?
— Yes, madam.
A．eggB．juiceC．milk teas可数名词
不可数名词
分单、复数两种形式
desk → desks
bus → buses
没有复数形式
tea
meat
前面可用基数词、
不定冠词修饰
three bys
an range
不可以被基数词和不定冠词直接修饰，若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词”
a piece f paper
tw cups f tea
可数名词的复数前
可用many, sme, any 修饰
many teachers
sme friends
可用much, sme, any修饰
much bread
sme milk
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
cap → caps dg →dgs bike →bikes driver →drivers
以字母s, sh, ch, x等结尾
加-es
bus →buses wish →wishes
watch →watches bx →bxes
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再加-es
lady →ladies century →centuries
family →families stry →stries
以f或fe结尾
一般变f, fe为v，再加-es
leaf →leaves life →lives
half →halves knife →knives
以结尾
前为辅音音素时加-es,
前为元音音素时加-s。
tmat →tmates her →heres ptat →ptates
z →zs pht →phts pian →pians
情况
构成方法
例词
单复数同形
将后一个词变为复数
Chinese →Chinese sheep →sheep deer →deer
单复数
不同形
改变内部元音字母
ft →feet tth →teeth
man →men muse →mice
词尾加-ren
child →children
考
点
考点方向
1.名词辨析
2.名词的数
考点内容
1.可数名词复数的规则/不规则变化
2.复合名词的复数变化
3.不可数名词的数量表示
命题聚焦
1.考查重点：
名词的数
2.常考题型：
选择题、填空题
知识复习
【定义】
名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质、抽象概念、感情等的名称的词。
根据所表示的事物的性质，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
本课时学习可数名词和不可数名词。
【考点01】可数名词和不可数名词
【例子】（2021·广西河池·中考真题）
—Lisa, culd yu help me buy sme ________ n yur way hme?
—Ok, mm.
A．eggB．beefC．bananaD．ptat
【拓展】特例
有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同
glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸)—a paper(报纸；文件；试卷) rm(空间)—a rm(房间)
chicken(鸡肉)—a chicken(小鸡) fish(鱼肉)—fishes(各种各样的鱼) range(橘子汁)—an range(橘子)
exercise(锻炼，运动)—exercises(习题) life(生活)—lives(生命) time(时间)—times(倍，次数)
【注意】
1.可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2.多个并列可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。【考点02】可数名词复数形式的规则变化
【例子】 （（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）Space ________, astrnauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu safely came back t the earth frm the Tiangng space statin last mnth.
A．herB．hersC．heres
【拓展】
“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。
five-year-ld 5岁大的；
a five-pund nte 一张5英镑的纸币
a six-ft-deep hle一个6英尺深的洞
【考点03】可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
【例子】（2021·西藏·中考真题）
All ________ received fresh flwers n Wmen’s Day.
A．wman teacherB．wman teachersC．wmen teachersD．wmen teacher
过关检测
1．（2022·山东济南·七年级期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—I need a T-shirt and ________ shes.
A．a pairB．f a pairC．a pair fD．pair f
2．（2022·全国·七年级期末）—Can I help yu?
—Yes, please. I want ________.
A．a pantB．a pantsC．pantsD．sweater
3．（2021·山东·青岛大学附属中学七年级期末）I can see many ________ n the hill, but I can’t see ________.
A．sheep; any dgsB．hrses; sme cats
C．chicken; any tigersD．ducks; a elephant
4．（2021·广西·七年级期末）—What wuld yu like?
—I’d like sme ________.
A．chicken and tmat ndlesB．chicken and tmates ndles
C．ndles with chicken and tmatD．ndles with chickens and tmates
5．（2022·西藏拉萨市七年级期末）The girl likes ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．ptats; chickenB．ptates; chickens
C．ptates; chickenD．ptat; chickens
6．（2022·上海·七年级期末）—In ur schl, we d eye ________ every day.
—It’s really gd ________.
A．exercise; exerciseB．exercises; exercises
C．exercises; exerciseD．exercise; exercises
7．（2022·江苏·七年级期末）Billy ges t the supermarket t buy tw _______ fr dinner every Saturday mrning.
A．meatB．kil f meatC．kils f meatD．kils meat
8．（2022·江苏扬州·七年级期末）—Is there anything I can d fr yu, sir?
—I’d like tw ________. We all like them.
A．bwls f ricesB．bxes f applesC．kils f prksD．bttles f ranges
9．（2022·河北邢台·七年级期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—Er, I’d like a glass f milk, sme bread, ________.
A．sme chickensB．any chickensC．sme chickenD．any chicken
10．（2022·河北唐山·七年级期末）Fr breakfast, I have sme ______ and ________.
A．rice; eggB．rices; eggsC．rices; eggD．rice; eggs
11．（2022·吉林长春·七年级期末）—D yu want sme ________?
—Yes, please.
A．strawberryB．breadC．tmatD．egg
12．（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）Culd yu please give me _________ t write dwn the message?
A．a paperB．sme papers
C．a piece f paperD．sme pieces f papers
13．（2022·吉林·长春外国语学校七年级期末）—Hw many ________ dctrs are there in yur hspital, David?
—________ them ________ ver ne hundred.
A．wmen; The number f; isB．wmen; A number f; are
C．wman; A number f; areD．wman; The number f; is
14．（2022·江苏淮安·七年级期末）The little by is crying because he lst（掉了）his tw ________ in his muth.
A．tthB．tthsC．tthesD．teeth
15．（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）Thse _________ usually g t wrk _________ undergrund. They all like the Green Travel.
A．Germans, byB．Germany, takeC．German, byD．Germany, by
16．（2022·四川·七年级期末）There are lts f ________ n the farm.
A．sheepB．chickenC．hrseD．meat
17．（2022·重庆八中七年级期末）It’s time t make dinner nw. Let’s g and buy ________ in the new Ynghui Supermarket.
A．tmat and pearsB．vegetable and hamburgers
C．fruit and chickenD．eggs and carrt
18．（2022·全国·七年级期末）Jim and Bill ________ gd ________.
A．is, friendB．are, friendC．is, friends `D．are, friends
19．（2022·云南昆明·七年级期末）—Mum, I’m hungry. Can I have smething t eat?
—Hungry? Yu have eaten ________ and ________.
A．three bwls f ndle; tw hamburgerB．three bwls f ndles; tw hamburgers
C．three bwl f ndles; tw pieces f hamburgerD．three ndles; tw pieces f hamburger
20．（2022·重庆八中七年级期末）—Sir, may I take yur rder?
—OK. I’d like ne bwl f ________.
A．eggs ndlesB．ndles with eggC．egg ndleD．egg ndles
21．（2022·重庆·西南大学附中七年级期末）—I beard that yu ate ut at Yi Xi Restaurant yesterday.
—Yeah, _______ a wnderful dinner it was! We had sme _______, fried（炒的）vegetables and a large bwl f sur（酸的）sup with _______.
A．hw; fishes; ndlesB．what; fish; ndles
C．hw; fish; ndleD．what; fishes; ndle
22．（2022·重庆巴蜀中学七年级期末）Linda has healthy eating habits. She always has ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．fishes; ndlesB．muttn; ice-creamC．chicken; beefD．salad; dumpling
23．（2022·广西贺州·七年级期末）—Mike, is there any fd in the fridge(冰箱)?
—N, We need t buy sme _______ and _______.
A．beef; ninB．beef; carrtsC．muttn; tmatsD．muttn; ptat
24．（2022·河南郑州·七年级期末）— D yu want sme _______?
— Yes, please.
A．vegetableB．breadC．hamburger
25．（2022·北京顺义·七年级期末）Hw many ________ are there in yur family?
A．childB．childrenC．childs
中考直达
1．（2022·西藏·中考真题）Mre and mre ________ want t learn abut Chinese culture.
A．GermansB．GermanC．GermanyD．Germans’
2．（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Uncle Li has a farm, there are sme________ n the farm.
A．chicken and sheepB．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheepD．chicken and sheeps
3．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—Can I help yu?
—Please give me ________ abut the trains t Daqing.
A．a few infrmatinsB．a little infrmatinsC．a little infrmatinD．a few infrmatin
4．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Three fifths f the teachers in ur schl are ________.
A．man teachersB．men teachersC．wman teachersD．wmen teacher
5．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）Lk! There are sme ________ eating grass n the hill.
A．sheepB．cwC．hrse
6．（2022·广西桂林·中考真题）Bill has gt tw ________.
A．sisterB．brthersC．student
7．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）With the intrductin f the “duble reductin” plicy (双减政策), ne f the ________ ________ that the students have less hmewrk.
A．changes; isB．change; isC．changes; are
8．（2021·湖南岳阳·中考真题）We see sme________ rising int the air at the pening f ur new library.
A．ballnsB．ballnC．ballnes
9．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）I’m nt hungry at all because I just ate much ________.
A．applesB．bananasC．bread
10．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）— Wuld yu like sme ________?
— Yes, madam.
A．eggB．juiceC．milk teas可数名词
不可数名词
分单、复数两种形式
desk → desks
bus → buses
没有复数形式
tea
meat
前面可用基数词、
不定冠词修饰
three bys
an range
不可以被基数词和不定冠词直接修饰，若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词”
a piece f paper
tw cups f tea
可数名词的复数前
可用many, sme, any 修饰
many teachers
sme friends
可用much, sme, any修饰
much bread
sme milk
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
cap → caps dg →dgs bike →bikes driver →drivers
以字母s, sh, ch, x等结尾
加-es
bus →buses wish →wishes
watch →watches bx →bxes
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再加-es
lady →ladies century →centuries
family →families stry →stries
以f或fe结尾
一般变f, fe为v，再加-es
leaf →leaves life →lives
half →halves knife →knives
以结尾
前为辅音音素时加-es,
前为元音音素时加-s。
tmat →tmates her →heres ptat →ptates
z →zs pht →phts pian →pians
情况
构成方法
例词
单复数同形
将后一个词变为复数
Chinese →Chinese sheep →sheep deer →deer
单复数
不同形
改变内部元音字母
ft →feet tth →teeth
man →men muse →mice
词尾加-ren
child →children
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