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2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区高一（上）期末英语试卷（A卷）（word版含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区高一（上）期末英语试卷（A卷）（word版含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区高一（上）期末英语试卷（A卷）
题号
一
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四
五
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Absolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read
Flowers for Algernon
Daniel Keyes
If you're seeking a pleasant read，try this short story by Daniel Keyes.He'll show you how a person feels going from a simple cleaner at a bakery，whose IQ is less than 60，to a genius and the most intelligent person on the planet.In a situation like this，is it possible to overcome your fears and cope with loneliness？Keyes offers his answer to this question.
Orphans of the Sky
Robert A.Heinlein
A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe.Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition （迷信）.This novel has brought Heinlein wide recognition，and will grasp you tight and won't let you go for months （or even years） afterward.Are we，the digital generation，different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship？
95 Pounds of Hope
Anna Gavalda
Adapted from the author's own experience，this story is about the main things in life：choices we make，the power of love and devotion.The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true.After all，no matter how many pounds we have，we're all trying not to lose hope.
A Certain Smile
Francoise Sagan
If you don't enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives，if you're longing for something emotional，slow and gentle，this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need.Strongly recommended by psychological doctors，it's a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels：you'll find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here.And yes，it's a real page-turner.
1. What kind of book is Orphans of the Sky？ ______
A. A science fiction. B. A historical novel.
C. A detective story. D. A fairy tale.
2. What is special about 95 Pounds of Hope？ ______
A. It is not suitable for adult readers.
B. It is about a boy serving in army.
C. It is based loosely on a true story.
D. It brought its author great fame.
3. Which is the best choice for someone suffering from mental illness？ ______
A. Flowers for Algernon. B. Orphans of the Sky.
C. 95 Pounds of Hope. D. A Certain Smile.
B
The most eye-catching performance from the final weekend of the U.S.Olympic Track and Field Trials didn't break a world record or send a teenager to Tokyo.But Lindsay Flach still became the shining star.Lindsay Flach competed in the heptathlon（七项全能） 18 weeks pregnant and showed off a growing belly.Though she finished a distant last among the 15 women who made it through all seven events of the heptathlon，her participation this past weekend was a victory in itself.
The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach's last chance to compete in the heptathlon，the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade.She intended to grasp a chance on the U.S.Olympic team one final time before marrying her longtime boyfriend and starting a family together.
In early 2020，Flach quit her job，temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S.Olympic Trials.Then the pandemic（疫情） struck three months into her training.
When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延迟） of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen，Flach，31，decided she could no longer put her life on hold.In March，Flach began struggling to hit marks that had previously been routine to her.She took a pregnancy test that came back positive，a result that made her doubt whether her Olympic hopeful.
The pregnancy weakened Flach's strength and energy but not her desire to say goodbye to track and field on her own terms.While Flach's final score was less than half her personal best，she's trying not to focus on that aspect，nor on the fact that she never qualified for an Olympics in her career.She's excited for what's to come in her life，excited she was able to participate in a third Olympic Trials and excited that she showed how strong would-be mothers can be.
4. When did Flach begin to love the heptatblon？ ______
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 21.
C. At the age of 30. D. At the age of 31.
5. Which word can best describe Flach according to Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Unfortunate. D. Organized.
6. What made Flach excited？ ______
A. She was expecting a new life.
B. She won the third Olympic Trials.
C. She could marry her loved boyfriend finally.
D. She was chosen to take part in the Olymipic Games.
7. In which section of a magazine can this text be read？ ______
A. Teens. B. Sports. C. Economy. D. Advertisement.
C
Are you patient？Do you have attention to detail，free time and access to a computer？Well，then a scientist might welcome your help.Researchers in the UK say it's becoming important to count on common people to help them with their projects.They need people to examine data and submit their observations online.
British teenagers Sasha and Matthew are taking part in a study of penguins（企鹅） from the comfort of their homes.The pair look at pictures and tag（标签） photos identifying adults，chicks and eggs.Every click of their mouse is helping to build up a detailed picture of penguin colonies（群）.They，and thousands of others，are helping scientists to understand why some colonies are growing and others are decreasing.Within the first four hours of Penguin Watch going live， "citizen scientists" marked more images than the research team had in five years.
Dr.Tom Hart，Penguin Watch Coordinator at Oxford University，says， "When you go beyond what a scientist can analyse to what a mass audience can do，then it increases beyond what any other project could do."
The British Science Association says families are helping out with careful research.It made a difference to the Planet Hunters Project，which ran for five years.Volunteers looked at dots which showed how the brightness of a star changed at different points in its solar system.
According to Dr.Robert Simpson from Oxford University，who took part in the project，the volunteers discovered planets and these are now in published papers.He says with pride， "We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers."
But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation？Dr.Simpson isn't worried. "We get lots of people looking at the same things，" he says.The researcher warns that people who are mistakenly clicking on the site are very obvious and can be identified very quickly.So，there's no fooling the scientists.
And to make sure things go well，the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published.After that，every "citizen scientist" will be credited.
8. According to the passage，who will be suitable to help the scientists？ ______
A. An engineer who works in a company.
B. A university student who likes science.
C. A businessman who invests in a new project.
D. A careful teenager who uses the computer smoothly.
9. What is a volunteer required to do？ ______
A. Publish his observation data by himself.
B. Observe pictures and record his observation.
C. Discuss his observation with other volunteers.
D. Take his report to the scientist and correct mistakes.
10. How could scientists avoid mistakes in observation？ ______
A. By working with volunteers.
B. By using their own data.
C. By identifying pictures and photos.
D. By going through a peer review.
11. What's Dr.Simpson's attitude towards the volunteers' observation？ ______
A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Negative. D. Doubtful.
D
Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world，where infectious diseases are commonplace.Through specialized senses animals can detect certain diseases and change their behavior to avoid getting ill.
In 1966，while studying chimps（猩猩） in a Tanzanian national park，zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group.In one instance，McGregor approached chimps in a tree.He reached out a hand in greeting，but the others moved away without a backward glance.
"For a full two minutes，old McGregor sat motionless，staring after them，" Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. "It's really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy."
Not all animals are so aggressive toward their sick neighbors.Sometimes it's as simple as avoiding those who may infect you.
When Kiesecker，a lead scientist in America，studied American bullfrog in the late 1990s，he found that bullfrogs could not only detect a deadly smell of infection in other bullfrogs，but healthy members actively avoided those that were sick.Bullfrogs rely on chemicals signals to determine who is sick or not.
Caribbean lobsters（龙虾） also avoid diseased members of their community，well before they become infectious.It takes about eight weeks for lobsters infected with the deadly virus to become dangerous to others.Normally social animals，lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection—once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.
"Overall，it's important to note that，unlike us，animals don't realize if they stay home，they might actually reduce the infection rate，" Kiesecker explains. "As humans，we have that ability.It's a big difference."
12. Why did other chimps attack McGregor？ ______
A. He was a loner. B. He got seriously ill.
C. He may cause the group ill. D. He hurt other chimps first.
13. How did Goodall feel when seeing McGregor's result？ ______
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Sympathetic.
14. How long will the healthy Caribbean lobsters stay with the diseased ones？ ______
A. About a month. B. About eight weeks.
C. About four days. D. Fewer than four weeks.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Social Distancing in Nature.
B. Carrying out Social Distancing.
C. Puzzling Social Distancing in Chimps.
D. Social Distancing between Human and Animals.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
The comfort zone is a safe space where we don't risk，but neither do we grow. (1) Change and growth occur.We can not become what we want to be，remaining in what we are today.There are many good reasons to be encouraged to leave the comfort zone.
Prepare yourself for difficult times.Safe as we feel in our comfort zone，that space will not protect us from the problems，which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes. (2) These problems can produce psychological disorders.But learning to live outside the comfort zone，dealing with novelty and uncertainty will make us people emotionally stronger.
(3) The comfort zone represents everything we know.Outside is another world to discover.In the comfort zone there are no great ideas or new discoveries.It's necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity.In fact，a study conducted at the University of Florida found that students who spent just one term outside their country scored better on creativity tests than those who had been studying at the same university.
Feel more alive.Leaving the comfort zone，we meet new people and live new experiences.Some of these experiences will not be positive but others will become a driving force that gives us new energy.Thus we're learning to enjoy more life. (4)
Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety. (5) That's in the growth zone，and you can reach the best of ourselves，learn new things.
A.Become more productive.
B.Increase your creativity.
C.Generally，we are not used to them.
D.Yet magical things happen outside the comfort zone.
E.It might become the perfect excuse not to do，not risk.
F.Face new challenges with an acceptable level of anxiety.
G.The feeling of being empty will be discovered to disappear.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
After watching my son Todd run in a race，I made my usual comment， "Todd，I could walk faster than those women run." Todd(21)as he knew I wasn't a runner." Listen，Mom，how about you run with me next year at this race？" Without thinking，I quickly agreed to this(22).I felt this was going to be a piece of cake!
Never in my(23)dreams did I ever imagine what the next year would bring.When it was almost time for this race to(24)，Todd wasn't going to be running.He had died in a car accident.A few of his friends knew this "challenge" I had agreed to with Todd.They started to(25)me to run the race.I hadn't(26)or prepared anything.Quite(27)，I had almost forgotten I said I would do it.
I decided I should keep my(28) .Before the race，I listened to some(29)talking about how to run your race.I played the race over and over in my(30)when I listened to the tapes.The day of the race finally came.I felt pretty(31).When it was time for the race，I was all dressed and ready.It was freezing cold that day，but I didn't care.I(32)all my warm clothes and ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on.Nothing was going to(33) me.
No one knew what(34)me to run.I finished my practice run，fell on the grass，and cried my eyes out.I found that running(35)the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd.
21. A. sighed B. laughed C. nodded D. screamed
22. A. challenge B. compromise C. command D. declaration
23. A. mildest B. happiest C. deepest D. wildest
24. A. occur B. reward C. end D. exist
25. A. press B. encourage C. bother D. order
26. A. applied B. recovered C. trained D. digested
27. A. entertainingly B. frankly C. doubtfully D. obviously
28. A. secret B. distance C. kindness D. promise
29. A. tapes B. lectures C. friends D. experts
30. A. dream B. memory C. mind D. soul
31. A. desperate B. heartbroken C. emotional D. delighted
32. A. took off B. tore up C. threw away D. handed out
33. A. amuse B. depress C. ease D. disappoint
34. A. influenced B. permitted C. directed D. motivated
35. A. deepened B. proved C. relieved D. fostered
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Scientists at the University of Liverpool （UL）have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own.It's not new for labs to use robots.But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and （1） ______ （ do）one job over and over again.The UL robot is different.It's able to （2） ______ （easy）move around in the same kind of space as humans do.It uses a special system called LiDAR to guide（3） ______ （it）.With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction,the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out（4） ______ variety of tasks.
The scientists says it took a lot of work（5） ______ （program）the robot so that it could do things without（6） ______ （make）mistakes.Once the programming is done,though,the robot makes（7） ______ （ few）mistakes than a human.
To test their robot,the scientists gave it a task：find a material（8） ______ was able to produce hydrogen（氢）from water.The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment,but it（9） ______ （give）10 different things it could change which could influence the results,That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments.Over the next 8 days,the robot ran 688 experiments,always choosing its next experiment based（10） ______ the results of the last one.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是某国际高中的学生会主席李华。为了配合学校的历史遗址保护宣传活动，请你围绕"保护历史遗址"这个主题，为学校的英语论坛写一封倡议书。内容包括：1.破坏历史遗址（heritage site）的严重后果；2.学生可以作出的贡献。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
________________________________
(1)
(2)
38. Travelling can teach you a lot.Sometimes，on your journey，despite coming from totally different backgrounds，we were able to connect on a human level and learn from each other.I have learned about kindness when travelling in too many ways，but there is one particular example that stands out in my memory.
Eight years ago，a friend and I journeyed to Puerto Plata，Dominican Republic to rent a private villa on the beach and do some relaxing.In the morning，we went to see the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of gentle sea.In the evening，we stepped barefoot on the soft sandy beach，feeling the waves touching our feet and watching the setting sun leaving the sky afire with orange and green light.It was so much fun living on the beach.
Apart from the breathtaking scenery on the beach，I was also constantly touched by the warm hospitality of the Dominican people in general，but Pedro totally blew me away.He worked at our villa as the security guard.He also regularly provided assistance to all guests by accompanying them on their excursions to ensure they would be safe among local scenes where tourists may not be common or could be taken advantage of.However，he did not speak good English so often it was a bit challenging for him.Luckily，I speak Spanish so I was able to communicate very well with Pedro and this delighted him.Due to this，we chatted a lot and felt very connected.Pedro insisted on catering to our every need.He would not even let us lift a finger in the villa，which was above and beyond his duties.He told us we reminded him of his daughter and he felt like our "Papa" so he had to take care of us.
What really blew me away though is that Pedro basically ended up saving my life.
Paragraph 1：
After I arrived，I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible.
Paragraph 2：
The day before our departure，I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given.
(1)
(2)
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据Orphans of the Sky部分的A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe.Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition （迷信）. （一艘新一代的巨轮正在宇宙深处航行，没有任何指引。它的乘客早已忘记了外面的世界，相信以迷信为标志的前科技文化）推知，Orphans of the Sky是一本科幻小说。故选A
（2）C.细节理解题。根据95 Pounds of Hope部分的Adapted from the author's own experience（改编自作者的亲身经历）"可知，这本书的特别之处是它改编自作者的亲身经历，即基于一个真实的故事。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Strongly recommended by psychological doctors （心理医生强烈推荐）"可知，小说A Certain Smile被心理医生大力推荐。由此可推知，A Certain Smile是精神疾病患者们的最佳选择。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本让读者爱不释手的书。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、A、A、B
【解析】（1）数字计算题。根据第二段The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach's last chance to compete in the heptathlon，the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade.（2020赛季本应是弗拉赫参加七项全能比赛的最后一次机会，这项运动在过去十年中逐渐激发了她的热情。）及第四段第一句When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延迟） of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen，Flach，31，decided she could no longer put her life on hold.（当新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延迫使东京奥运会延期，并让人怀疑奥运会能否如期举行时，31岁的弗拉赫决定，她不能再让自己的生活停滞不前了。）可知，Flach在（31-10=21）岁时开始喜欢上了七项全能运动。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段In early 2020，Flach quit her job，temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. （2020年初，Flach辞去了工作，暂时与她的未婚夫分开，搬到了近250英里以南的德克萨斯大学Rio Grande Valley分校，和她的新教练一起训练。她打算留在那里训练，准备参加2020年美国奥运会选拔赛。）由此可推知，Flach是个意志坚定的人。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段She's excited for what's to come in her life"（她为自己生活中即将到来的事情感到兴奋。）由此可知，让弗拉奇兴奋的是她期待着新的生活。故选A。
（4）文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下，依然挑战自己，参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。由此可推知，这篇文章可以在杂志的体育版块被看到。故选B。
本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下，依然挑战自己，参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、B、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Are you patient？Do you have attention to detail，free time and access to a computer？Well，then a scientist might welcome your help. （你有耐心吗？你是否关注细节，是否有空闲时间和是否能使用电脑？那科学家可能会欢迎你的帮助）可推知，根据短文，一个谨慎的青少年，能流畅地使用电脑适合帮助科学家。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The pair look at pictures and tag （加标签于） photos identifying adults，chicks and eggs. （它们会观察图片和标记图片，以识别成年、小鸡和蛋）可知，志愿者需要观察图片并记录观察结果。故选B项。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation？（但是科学家如何防止他们的研究在观察中出现意外或故意的错误呢？）最后一段中 "And to make sure things go well，the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published. （为了确保一切顺利，《企鹅观察》的论文在发表前将经过同行评审）可知，科学家通过同行评审来避免观察中的错误。故选D项。
（4）情感态度题。根据第五段中Dr.Simpson所说We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers. （我们可以用其他望远镜去观察这些行星，因为有了这些帮手，我们才知道它们的存在）可以推知，Simpson博士对志愿者的观察持支持态度。故选B项。
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英国科学家依靠普通人来帮助他们完成科学项目的做法，及其成果。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句In 1966，while studying chimps （猩猩） in a Tanzanian national park，zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group.（1966年，动物学家珍•古道尔在坦桑尼亚国家公园研究黑猩猩时，观察到一只名叫麦格雷戈的黑猩猩感染了一种高度传染性的病毒。他的黑猩猩同伴攻击他，把他扔出了黑猩猩群）可推知，猩猩们攻击McGregor是因为它可能会导致整个群体生病。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"For a full two minutes，old McGregor sat motionless，staring after them，" Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. "It's really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.（"老McGregor一动不动地坐了整整两分钟，盯着它们的背影，"Goodall在她1971年出版的 In the shadow of Man一书中写道。" 这和如今一些社会群体对这样的悲剧的反应没有什么不同。"）可推知，当看到McGregor的结局时，Goodall对此感到同情。A.Supportive支持的；B.Doubtful怀疑的；C.Objective客观的；D.Sympathetic同情的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Normally social animals，lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection — once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.（可知，龙虾通常是群居动物，一旦它们闻到生病的龙虾释放出的特定化学物质，会在生病的龙虾感染四周后尽可能早地开始远离它）可知，健康的加勒比龙虾会和生病的龙虾在一起待约一个月的时间。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段第一句Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world，where infectious diseases are commonplace.（在传染病屡见不鲜的自然界，保持社交距离并不是一个新概念）可知，文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。由此可知，A项最适合作本文标题。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、C、B、G、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文The comfort zone is a safe space where we don't risk，but neither do we grow. （舒适区是一个安全的地方，我们不会冒险，但我们也不会成长。）和下文Change and growth occur.We can not become what we want to be，remaining in what we are today.（改变和成长在发生，我们不能成为我们想成为的人，不能保持我们今天的样子。）可知，舒适区是一我们无需冒险，但也不能让我们成长的安全空间；后面讲述了改变和成长就出现了。D项"Yet magical things happen outside the comfort zone.然而神奇的事情发生在舒适区之外。"符合语境。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Safe as we feel in our comfort zone，that space will not protect us from the problems，which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes.（虽然我们在舒适区感到安全，但这个空间不会保护我们远离困难的影响，这些困难通常以一种出乎意料的方式出现在生活中，并使我们的生活产生巨大的变化。）和下文These problems can produce psychological disorders.（这些问题会产生心理障碍。）可知，舒适区也没有安全感，也会有困难，使生活产生变化。C项"Generally，we are not used to them.通常，我们不适应它们。"符合语境。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据下文The comfort zone represents everything we know.Outside is another world to discover.In the comfort zone there are no great ideas or new discoveries。It's necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity.（舒适区代表了我们所知道的一切。外面是另一个需要发现的世界。在舒适区里没有伟大的想法或新的发现。有必要离开已知去寻找创造力的灵感。）可知，有必要离开舒适区去寻找创造力的灵感。B项"Increase your creativity.增加你的创造力。"符合语境。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文Feel more alive.Leaving the comfort zone，we meet new people and live new experiences.Some of these experiences will not be positive but others will become a driving force that gives us new energy.Thus we're learning to enjoy more life.（感觉更有活力。离开舒适区，我们会遇到新的人，体验新的生活。这些经历中的一些不会是积极的，但是其他的将会成为给予我们新能量的动力。因此，我们正在学习享受更多的生活。）可知，我们感觉（生活）更加有活力，这样我们才能学会更多地享受生活。G项"The feeling of being empty will be discovered to disappear.空虚的感觉就会消失。"符合语境。故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety.（走出你的舒适区的练习可以让你在不经历太多焦虑的情况下扩展你的成长区。）可知，走出你的舒适区的锻炼会让你扩大你的成长区，而不会经历太多焦虑。F项"Face new challenges with an acceptable level of anxiety.在可接受的焦虑水平内迎接新的挑战。"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了走出舒适区的好处。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、A、B、C、B、D、A、C、C、A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.sighed叹气；B.laughed笑；C.nodded点头；D.screamed尖叫。根据上文中的I could walk faster than those women run及语境可知，Todd笑了，因为他知道母亲不擅长跑步。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.compromise妥协；C.command命令；D.declaration宣告。根据下文A few of his friends knew this 'challenge' I had agreed to with Todd.可知，不经思考，作者迅速接受了这个挑战。故选A。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mildest最温和的；B.happiest最高兴的；C.deepest最深的；D.wildest最狂野的。根据下文中的dream did I ever imagine及He had died in a car accident.，可知Todd在第二年的比赛到来前因车祸身亡，这是作者最疯狂的梦也没有想到的事。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A .occur发生；B.reward奖励；C.end结束；D.exist存在。根据前文的"race"以及下文中的Todd wasn't going to be running可知，第二年的比赛快到来时，Todd已经无法参赛了。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.press按；B.encourage鼓励；C.bother使......烦恼；D.order命令。根据前文A few of his friends knew this 'challenge' I had agreed to with Todd.可知，儿子的朋友知道作者与儿子的约定，在儿子离世后，他们开始鼓励作者去参加比赛。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.applied申请；B.recovered康复；C.trained训练；D.digested消化。根据下文中的prepared anything结合选项可知，作者没有经过训练也没有做任何准备。故选C。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.entertainingly有趣地；B.frankly坦白地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.obviously明显地。根据下文中的I had almost forgotten I said I would do it可推知，此处是坦白讲，作者几乎忘记了自己曾经说过要参加比赛。故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret秘密；B.distance距离；C.kindness仁慈；D.promise诺言。根据下文When it was time for the race，I was all dressed and ready.可知，作者参加了比赛，所以是决定自己应该信守承诺。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.tapes磁带；B.lectures讲座；C.friends朋友；D.experts专家。根据下文中的when I listened to the tapes可知，比赛前，作者在赛前听了一些讲述如何赛跑的磁带。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦；B.memory记忆；C.mind脑海；D.soul灵魂。根据上文中的I played the race over and over和下文中的when I listened to the tapes可知，当作者听磁带时，她在脑海中一遍遍地想象着比赛的场景。故选C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.desperate绝望的；B.heartbroken极为悲伤的；C.emotional情绪激动的；D.delighted高兴的。根据前文Without thinking，I quickly agreed to this（2）可知，这次比赛是作者和Todd的约定，根据常理推知，此处指当比赛到来时，作者的情绪很激动。故选C。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.took off脱（衣服，帽子，鞋子等）；B.tore up撕碎；C.threw away扔掉；D.handed out分发。根据下文中的ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on可知，作者脱去了所有保温暖的衣服，只穿着无袖衬衫和短裤。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.amuse逗乐；B.depress使沮丧；C.ease缓解；D.disappoint使失望。根据前文It was freezing cold that day，but I didn't care.可知，那天极为寒冷，但作者并不在乎，什么事也不能使她消沉。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.influenced影响；B.permitted允许；C.directed监督；D.motivated激励。根据后文me to run指促使作者去跑步的理由没人知道，motivate sb.to do sth."激励某人做某事"。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.deepened变强烈；B.proved证明；C.relieved减轻；D.fostered促进。根据下文中的the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd可知，作者发现跑步减轻了她因失去爱子Todd而感受到的压力。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在儿子托德车祸去世后，遵守承诺，参加跑步比赛的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】did
【小题2】easily
【小题3】itself
【小题4】a
【小题5】to program
【小题6】making
【小题7】fewer
【小题8】which/that
【小题9】was given
【小题10】on/upon
【解析】（1）did.考查时态。句意：但是早期的机器人经常呆在一个地方，一次又一次地做一个工作。和played并列作谓语，所以用过去式，故填did.
（2）easily.考查副词。句意：它能像人类一样在同一个空间里轻松地移动。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填easily.
（3）itself.考查反身代词。句意：它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。指主语本身，所以用反身代词，故填itself.
（4）a.考查个错误。句意：这种机器人有一个几乎可以向任何方向转动的长臂，可以使用多种不同的实验室设备，执行各种任务。a variety of各种各样的，后跟复数名词，故填a.
（5）to program.考查不定式。句意：科学家们说，为机器人编写程序需要做大量的工作，这样它就可以在不出错的情况下完成任务。it作形式主语，所以用不定式作真正主语，故填to program.
（6）making.考查动名词。句意：科学家们说，为机器人编写程序需要做大量的工作，这样它就可以在不出错的情况下完成任务。作介词的宾语，所以用动名词，故填making.
（7）fewer.考查比较级。句意：不过，一旦程序编好，机器人犯的错误就比人类少。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填fewer.
（8）which/that.考查定语从句。句意：找到一种能够从水中产生氢气的材料。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that.
（9）was given.考查时态语态。句意：机器人被编程来理解实验的基本方法，但是它被赋予了10种不同的东西，这些东西可能会改变，从而影响实验结果。give和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为it,故填was given.
（10）on/upon.考查介词。句意：在接下来的8天里，机器人进行了688个实验，总是根据上一个实验的结果来选择下一个实验。be based on基于，此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，故填on/upon.
本文是一篇说明文。利物浦大学（UL）的科学家开发了一种可以自己进行实验的UL机器人。机器人不知疲倦地工作，只有在充电时它才会停下来!最近，该机器人在8天内完成了688项实验。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】【小题1】Dear fellow students,
In order to cooperate with the school's publicity activities on the protection of historical sites,we call on every student to try their best to protect historical sites around of us.（主题介绍）
Nowadays,with the development of our society,more and more heritage sites are facing the danger of disappearing.Heritage sites represent our historic cultures,which offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.【高分句型一】Moreover,having survived for a long time,most of them can help make our unique and valuable cultures handed down from generation to generation.【高分句型二】（破坏历史遗址的严重后果）
For the above reasons,not only should we pay attention to protecting heritage sites around of us,but also we should call on people to join us in saving them.Only when all people unite can we save our historical relics.（学生可以作出的贡献）
The Student Union
【小题2】略
【解析】高分句型一
Heritage sites represent our historic cultures,which offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.
翻译：历史遗址代表了我们的历史文化，为我们提供了了解过去发生的事情的绝佳机会。
分析：句子里，关系词which引导非限制性定语从句offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past。
高分句型二
Moreover,having survived for a long time,most of them can help make our unique and valuable cultures handed down from generation to generation.
翻译：此外，他们中的大多数已经存在了很长一段时间，它们可以帮助我们将独特而宝贵的文化代代相传。
分析：句子里，现在分词的完成式having survived for a long time作原因状语。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
38.【答案】【小题1】Paragraph 1：
After I arrived，I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible.When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse on account of extreme fever and flu symptoms，my friend panicked.【高分句型一】Then Pedro appeared.He took me to the clinic and stood by my side and never left.I will never forget the look of sincere concern and concern on his face.There are not a lot of people who would care this much for a complete stranger.Pedro was a true angel.（作者在别墅得了重感冒，在保安Pedro的无微不至的照顾下，作者恢复了身体）
Paragraph 2：
The day before our departure，I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given.As I was leaving，Pedro and the other staff member at the villa prepared us a truly authentic Dominican feast.Then，we went to the beach where they held me a farewell party and we danced and talked all the night.【高分句型二】I was blown away by the kindness and generosity of this amazing man.This experience showed me the real meaning of genuine kindness and compassion，and it was totally life changing.I will never forget Pedro as long as I live.（在作者离开之前，Pedro和当地人为她准备了地道的当地盛宴，这让作者感到很温暖）
【小题2】略
【解析】本文以旅行为线索，讲述了作者在Puerto Plata租了别墅，享受海边的宁静，别墅的保安在作者生病时对她的照顾让作者了解到了旅行的意义。
高分句型一：When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse on account of extreme fever and flu symptoms，my friend panicked.
译文：当我因极度发烧和流感症状而病情恶化时，我的朋友惊慌失措。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句，where引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Then，we went to the beach where they held me a farewell party and we danced and talked all the night.
译文：然后，我们去了海滩，在那里他们为我举办了一个告别派对，我们整夜跳舞聊天。
分析：这句话使用了where引导的定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区高一（上）期末英语试卷（A卷）
题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Absolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read
Flowers for Algernon
Daniel Keyes
If you're seeking a pleasant read，try this short story by Daniel Keyes.He'll show you how a person feels going from a simple cleaner at a bakery，whose IQ is less than 60，to a genius and the most intelligent person on the planet.In a situation like this，is it possible to overcome your fears and cope with loneliness？Keyes offers his answer to this question.
Orphans of the Sky
Robert A.Heinlein
A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe.Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition （迷信）.This novel has brought Heinlein wide recognition，and will grasp you tight and won't let you go for months （or even years） afterward.Are we，the digital generation，different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship？
95 Pounds of Hope
Anna Gavalda
Adapted from the author's own experience，this story is about the main things in life：choices we make，the power of love and devotion.The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true.After all，no matter how many pounds we have，we're all trying not to lose hope.
A Certain Smile
Francoise Sagan
If you don't enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives，if you're longing for something emotional，slow and gentle，this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need.Strongly recommended by psychological doctors，it's a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels：you'll find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here.And yes，it's a real page-turner.
1. What kind of book is Orphans of the Sky？ ______
A. A science fiction. B. A historical novel.
C. A detective story. D. A fairy tale.
2. What is special about 95 Pounds of Hope？ ______
A. It is not suitable for adult readers.
B. It is about a boy serving in army.
C. It is based loosely on a true story.
D. It brought its author great fame.
3. Which is the best choice for someone suffering from mental illness？ ______
A. Flowers for Algernon. B. Orphans of the Sky.
C. 95 Pounds of Hope. D. A Certain Smile.
B
The most eye-catching performance from the final weekend of the U.S.Olympic Track and Field Trials didn't break a world record or send a teenager to Tokyo.But Lindsay Flach still became the shining star.Lindsay Flach competed in the heptathlon（七项全能） 18 weeks pregnant and showed off a growing belly.Though she finished a distant last among the 15 women who made it through all seven events of the heptathlon，her participation this past weekend was a victory in itself.
The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach's last chance to compete in the heptathlon，the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade.She intended to grasp a chance on the U.S.Olympic team one final time before marrying her longtime boyfriend and starting a family together.
In early 2020，Flach quit her job，temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S.Olympic Trials.Then the pandemic（疫情） struck three months into her training.
When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延迟） of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen，Flach，31，decided she could no longer put her life on hold.In March，Flach began struggling to hit marks that had previously been routine to her.She took a pregnancy test that came back positive，a result that made her doubt whether her Olympic hopeful.
The pregnancy weakened Flach's strength and energy but not her desire to say goodbye to track and field on her own terms.While Flach's final score was less than half her personal best，she's trying not to focus on that aspect，nor on the fact that she never qualified for an Olympics in her career.She's excited for what's to come in her life，excited she was able to participate in a third Olympic Trials and excited that she showed how strong would-be mothers can be.
4. When did Flach begin to love the heptatblon？ ______
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 21.
C. At the age of 30. D. At the age of 31.
5. Which word can best describe Flach according to Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Unfortunate. D. Organized.
6. What made Flach excited？ ______
A. She was expecting a new life.
B. She won the third Olympic Trials.
C. She could marry her loved boyfriend finally.
D. She was chosen to take part in the Olymipic Games.
7. In which section of a magazine can this text be read？ ______
A. Teens. B. Sports. C. Economy. D. Advertisement.
C
Are you patient？Do you have attention to detail，free time and access to a computer？Well，then a scientist might welcome your help.Researchers in the UK say it's becoming important to count on common people to help them with their projects.They need people to examine data and submit their observations online.
British teenagers Sasha and Matthew are taking part in a study of penguins（企鹅） from the comfort of their homes.The pair look at pictures and tag（标签） photos identifying adults，chicks and eggs.Every click of their mouse is helping to build up a detailed picture of penguin colonies（群）.They，and thousands of others，are helping scientists to understand why some colonies are growing and others are decreasing.Within the first four hours of Penguin Watch going live， "citizen scientists" marked more images than the research team had in five years.
Dr.Tom Hart，Penguin Watch Coordinator at Oxford University，says， "When you go beyond what a scientist can analyse to what a mass audience can do，then it increases beyond what any other project could do."
The British Science Association says families are helping out with careful research.It made a difference to the Planet Hunters Project，which ran for five years.Volunteers looked at dots which showed how the brightness of a star changed at different points in its solar system.
According to Dr.Robert Simpson from Oxford University，who took part in the project，the volunteers discovered planets and these are now in published papers.He says with pride， "We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers."
But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation？Dr.Simpson isn't worried. "We get lots of people looking at the same things，" he says.The researcher warns that people who are mistakenly clicking on the site are very obvious and can be identified very quickly.So，there's no fooling the scientists.
And to make sure things go well，the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published.After that，every "citizen scientist" will be credited.
8. According to the passage，who will be suitable to help the scientists？ ______
A. An engineer who works in a company.
B. A university student who likes science.
C. A businessman who invests in a new project.
D. A careful teenager who uses the computer smoothly.
9. What is a volunteer required to do？ ______
A. Publish his observation data by himself.
B. Observe pictures and record his observation.
C. Discuss his observation with other volunteers.
D. Take his report to the scientist and correct mistakes.
10. How could scientists avoid mistakes in observation？ ______
A. By working with volunteers.
B. By using their own data.
C. By identifying pictures and photos.
D. By going through a peer review.
11. What's Dr.Simpson's attitude towards the volunteers' observation？ ______
A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Negative. D. Doubtful.
D
Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world，where infectious diseases are commonplace.Through specialized senses animals can detect certain diseases and change their behavior to avoid getting ill.
In 1966，while studying chimps（猩猩） in a Tanzanian national park，zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group.In one instance，McGregor approached chimps in a tree.He reached out a hand in greeting，but the others moved away without a backward glance.
"For a full two minutes，old McGregor sat motionless，staring after them，" Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. "It's really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy."
Not all animals are so aggressive toward their sick neighbors.Sometimes it's as simple as avoiding those who may infect you.
When Kiesecker，a lead scientist in America，studied American bullfrog in the late 1990s，he found that bullfrogs could not only detect a deadly smell of infection in other bullfrogs，but healthy members actively avoided those that were sick.Bullfrogs rely on chemicals signals to determine who is sick or not.
Caribbean lobsters（龙虾） also avoid diseased members of their community，well before they become infectious.It takes about eight weeks for lobsters infected with the deadly virus to become dangerous to others.Normally social animals，lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection—once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.
"Overall，it's important to note that，unlike us，animals don't realize if they stay home，they might actually reduce the infection rate，" Kiesecker explains. "As humans，we have that ability.It's a big difference."
12. Why did other chimps attack McGregor？ ______
A. He was a loner. B. He got seriously ill.
C. He may cause the group ill. D. He hurt other chimps first.
13. How did Goodall feel when seeing McGregor's result？ ______
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Sympathetic.
14. How long will the healthy Caribbean lobsters stay with the diseased ones？ ______
A. About a month. B. About eight weeks.
C. About four days. D. Fewer than four weeks.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Social Distancing in Nature.
B. Carrying out Social Distancing.
C. Puzzling Social Distancing in Chimps.
D. Social Distancing between Human and Animals.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
The comfort zone is a safe space where we don't risk，but neither do we grow. (1) Change and growth occur.We can not become what we want to be，remaining in what we are today.There are many good reasons to be encouraged to leave the comfort zone.
Prepare yourself for difficult times.Safe as we feel in our comfort zone，that space will not protect us from the problems，which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes. (2) These problems can produce psychological disorders.But learning to live outside the comfort zone，dealing with novelty and uncertainty will make us people emotionally stronger.
(3) The comfort zone represents everything we know.Outside is another world to discover.In the comfort zone there are no great ideas or new discoveries.It's necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity.In fact，a study conducted at the University of Florida found that students who spent just one term outside their country scored better on creativity tests than those who had been studying at the same university.
Feel more alive.Leaving the comfort zone，we meet new people and live new experiences.Some of these experiences will not be positive but others will become a driving force that gives us new energy.Thus we're learning to enjoy more life. (4)
Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety. (5) That's in the growth zone，and you can reach the best of ourselves，learn new things.
A.Become more productive.
B.Increase your creativity.
C.Generally，we are not used to them.
D.Yet magical things happen outside the comfort zone.
E.It might become the perfect excuse not to do，not risk.
F.Face new challenges with an acceptable level of anxiety.
G.The feeling of being empty will be discovered to disappear.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
After watching my son Todd run in a race，I made my usual comment， "Todd，I could walk faster than those women run." Todd(21)as he knew I wasn't a runner." Listen，Mom，how about you run with me next year at this race？" Without thinking，I quickly agreed to this(22).I felt this was going to be a piece of cake!
Never in my(23)dreams did I ever imagine what the next year would bring.When it was almost time for this race to(24)，Todd wasn't going to be running.He had died in a car accident.A few of his friends knew this "challenge" I had agreed to with Todd.They started to(25)me to run the race.I hadn't(26)or prepared anything.Quite(27)，I had almost forgotten I said I would do it.
I decided I should keep my(28) .Before the race，I listened to some(29)talking about how to run your race.I played the race over and over in my(30)when I listened to the tapes.The day of the race finally came.I felt pretty(31).When it was time for the race，I was all dressed and ready.It was freezing cold that day，but I didn't care.I(32)all my warm clothes and ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on.Nothing was going to(33) me.
No one knew what(34)me to run.I finished my practice run，fell on the grass，and cried my eyes out.I found that running(35)the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd.
21. A. sighed B. laughed C. nodded D. screamed
22. A. challenge B. compromise C. command D. declaration
23. A. mildest B. happiest C. deepest D. wildest
24. A. occur B. reward C. end D. exist
25. A. press B. encourage C. bother D. order
26. A. applied B. recovered C. trained D. digested
27. A. entertainingly B. frankly C. doubtfully D. obviously
28. A. secret B. distance C. kindness D. promise
29. A. tapes B. lectures C. friends D. experts
30. A. dream B. memory C. mind D. soul
31. A. desperate B. heartbroken C. emotional D. delighted
32. A. took off B. tore up C. threw away D. handed out
33. A. amuse B. depress C. ease D. disappoint
34. A. influenced B. permitted C. directed D. motivated
35. A. deepened B. proved C. relieved D. fostered
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Scientists at the University of Liverpool （UL）have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own.It's not new for labs to use robots.But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and （1） ______ （ do）one job over and over again.The UL robot is different.It's able to （2） ______ （easy）move around in the same kind of space as humans do.It uses a special system called LiDAR to guide（3） ______ （it）.With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction,the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out（4） ______ variety of tasks.
The scientists says it took a lot of work（5） ______ （program）the robot so that it could do things without（6） ______ （make）mistakes.Once the programming is done,though,the robot makes（7） ______ （ few）mistakes than a human.
To test their robot,the scientists gave it a task：find a material（8） ______ was able to produce hydrogen（氢）from water.The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment,but it（9） ______ （give）10 different things it could change which could influence the results,That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments.Over the next 8 days,the robot ran 688 experiments,always choosing its next experiment based（10） ______ the results of the last one.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是某国际高中的学生会主席李华。为了配合学校的历史遗址保护宣传活动，请你围绕"保护历史遗址"这个主题，为学校的英语论坛写一封倡议书。内容包括：1.破坏历史遗址（heritage site）的严重后果；2.学生可以作出的贡献。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
________________________________
(1)
(2)
38. Travelling can teach you a lot.Sometimes，on your journey，despite coming from totally different backgrounds，we were able to connect on a human level and learn from each other.I have learned about kindness when travelling in too many ways，but there is one particular example that stands out in my memory.
Eight years ago，a friend and I journeyed to Puerto Plata，Dominican Republic to rent a private villa on the beach and do some relaxing.In the morning，we went to see the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of gentle sea.In the evening，we stepped barefoot on the soft sandy beach，feeling the waves touching our feet and watching the setting sun leaving the sky afire with orange and green light.It was so much fun living on the beach.
Apart from the breathtaking scenery on the beach，I was also constantly touched by the warm hospitality of the Dominican people in general，but Pedro totally blew me away.He worked at our villa as the security guard.He also regularly provided assistance to all guests by accompanying them on their excursions to ensure they would be safe among local scenes where tourists may not be common or could be taken advantage of.However，he did not speak good English so often it was a bit challenging for him.Luckily，I speak Spanish so I was able to communicate very well with Pedro and this delighted him.Due to this，we chatted a lot and felt very connected.Pedro insisted on catering to our every need.He would not even let us lift a finger in the villa，which was above and beyond his duties.He told us we reminded him of his daughter and he felt like our "Papa" so he had to take care of us.
What really blew me away though is that Pedro basically ended up saving my life.
Paragraph 1：
After I arrived，I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible.
Paragraph 2：
The day before our departure，I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given.
(1)
(2)
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据Orphans of the Sky部分的A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe.Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition （迷信）. （一艘新一代的巨轮正在宇宙深处航行，没有任何指引。它的乘客早已忘记了外面的世界，相信以迷信为标志的前科技文化）推知，Orphans of the Sky是一本科幻小说。故选A
（2）C.细节理解题。根据95 Pounds of Hope部分的Adapted from the author's own experience（改编自作者的亲身经历）"可知，这本书的特别之处是它改编自作者的亲身经历，即基于一个真实的故事。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Strongly recommended by psychological doctors （心理医生强烈推荐）"可知，小说A Certain Smile被心理医生大力推荐。由此可推知，A Certain Smile是精神疾病患者们的最佳选择。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本让读者爱不释手的书。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、A、A、B
【解析】（1）数字计算题。根据第二段The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach's last chance to compete in the heptathlon，the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade.（2020赛季本应是弗拉赫参加七项全能比赛的最后一次机会，这项运动在过去十年中逐渐激发了她的热情。）及第四段第一句When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延迟） of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen，Flach，31，decided she could no longer put her life on hold.（当新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延迫使东京奥运会延期，并让人怀疑奥运会能否如期举行时，31岁的弗拉赫决定，她不能再让自己的生活停滞不前了。）可知，Flach在（31-10=21）岁时开始喜欢上了七项全能运动。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段In early 2020，Flach quit her job，temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. （2020年初，Flach辞去了工作，暂时与她的未婚夫分开，搬到了近250英里以南的德克萨斯大学Rio Grande Valley分校，和她的新教练一起训练。她打算留在那里训练，准备参加2020年美国奥运会选拔赛。）由此可推知，Flach是个意志坚定的人。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段She's excited for what's to come in her life"（她为自己生活中即将到来的事情感到兴奋。）由此可知，让弗拉奇兴奋的是她期待着新的生活。故选A。
（4）文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下，依然挑战自己，参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。由此可推知，这篇文章可以在杂志的体育版块被看到。故选B。
本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下，依然挑战自己，参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、B、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Are you patient？Do you have attention to detail，free time and access to a computer？Well，then a scientist might welcome your help. （你有耐心吗？你是否关注细节，是否有空闲时间和是否能使用电脑？那科学家可能会欢迎你的帮助）可推知，根据短文，一个谨慎的青少年，能流畅地使用电脑适合帮助科学家。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The pair look at pictures and tag （加标签于） photos identifying adults，chicks and eggs. （它们会观察图片和标记图片，以识别成年、小鸡和蛋）可知，志愿者需要观察图片并记录观察结果。故选B项。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation？（但是科学家如何防止他们的研究在观察中出现意外或故意的错误呢？）最后一段中 "And to make sure things go well，the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published. （为了确保一切顺利，《企鹅观察》的论文在发表前将经过同行评审）可知，科学家通过同行评审来避免观察中的错误。故选D项。
（4）情感态度题。根据第五段中Dr.Simpson所说We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers. （我们可以用其他望远镜去观察这些行星，因为有了这些帮手，我们才知道它们的存在）可以推知，Simpson博士对志愿者的观察持支持态度。故选B项。
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英国科学家依靠普通人来帮助他们完成科学项目的做法，及其成果。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句In 1966，while studying chimps （猩猩） in a Tanzanian national park，zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group.（1966年，动物学家珍•古道尔在坦桑尼亚国家公园研究黑猩猩时，观察到一只名叫麦格雷戈的黑猩猩感染了一种高度传染性的病毒。他的黑猩猩同伴攻击他，把他扔出了黑猩猩群）可推知，猩猩们攻击McGregor是因为它可能会导致整个群体生病。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"For a full two minutes，old McGregor sat motionless，staring after them，" Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. "It's really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.（"老McGregor一动不动地坐了整整两分钟，盯着它们的背影，"Goodall在她1971年出版的 In the shadow of Man一书中写道。" 这和如今一些社会群体对这样的悲剧的反应没有什么不同。"）可推知，当看到McGregor的结局时，Goodall对此感到同情。A.Supportive支持的；B.Doubtful怀疑的；C.Objective客观的；D.Sympathetic同情的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Normally social animals，lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection — once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.（可知，龙虾通常是群居动物，一旦它们闻到生病的龙虾释放出的特定化学物质，会在生病的龙虾感染四周后尽可能早地开始远离它）可知，健康的加勒比龙虾会和生病的龙虾在一起待约一个月的时间。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段第一句Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world，where infectious diseases are commonplace.（在传染病屡见不鲜的自然界，保持社交距离并不是一个新概念）可知，文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。由此可知，A项最适合作本文标题。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、C、B、G、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文The comfort zone is a safe space where we don't risk，but neither do we grow. （舒适区是一个安全的地方，我们不会冒险，但我们也不会成长。）和下文Change and growth occur.We can not become what we want to be，remaining in what we are today.（改变和成长在发生，我们不能成为我们想成为的人，不能保持我们今天的样子。）可知，舒适区是一我们无需冒险，但也不能让我们成长的安全空间；后面讲述了改变和成长就出现了。D项"Yet magical things happen outside the comfort zone.然而神奇的事情发生在舒适区之外。"符合语境。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Safe as we feel in our comfort zone，that space will not protect us from the problems，which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes.（虽然我们在舒适区感到安全，但这个空间不会保护我们远离困难的影响，这些困难通常以一种出乎意料的方式出现在生活中，并使我们的生活产生巨大的变化。）和下文These problems can produce psychological disorders.（这些问题会产生心理障碍。）可知，舒适区也没有安全感，也会有困难，使生活产生变化。C项"Generally，we are not used to them.通常，我们不适应它们。"符合语境。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据下文The comfort zone represents everything we know.Outside is another world to discover.In the comfort zone there are no great ideas or new discoveries。It's necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity.（舒适区代表了我们所知道的一切。外面是另一个需要发现的世界。在舒适区里没有伟大的想法或新的发现。有必要离开已知去寻找创造力的灵感。）可知，有必要离开舒适区去寻找创造力的灵感。B项"Increase your creativity.增加你的创造力。"符合语境。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文Feel more alive.Leaving the comfort zone，we meet new people and live new experiences.Some of these experiences will not be positive but others will become a driving force that gives us new energy.Thus we're learning to enjoy more life.（感觉更有活力。离开舒适区，我们会遇到新的人，体验新的生活。这些经历中的一些不会是积极的，但是其他的将会成为给予我们新能量的动力。因此，我们正在学习享受更多的生活。）可知，我们感觉（生活）更加有活力，这样我们才能学会更多地享受生活。G项"The feeling of being empty will be discovered to disappear.空虚的感觉就会消失。"符合语境。故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety.（走出你的舒适区的练习可以让你在不经历太多焦虑的情况下扩展你的成长区。）可知，走出你的舒适区的锻炼会让你扩大你的成长区，而不会经历太多焦虑。F项"Face new challenges with an acceptable level of anxiety.在可接受的焦虑水平内迎接新的挑战。"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了走出舒适区的好处。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、A、B、C、B、D、A、C、C、A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.sighed叹气；B.laughed笑；C.nodded点头；D.screamed尖叫。根据上文中的I could walk faster than those women run及语境可知，Todd笑了，因为他知道母亲不擅长跑步。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.compromise妥协；C.command命令；D.declaration宣告。根据下文A few of his friends knew this 'challenge' I had agreed to with Todd.可知，不经思考，作者迅速接受了这个挑战。故选A。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mildest最温和的；B.happiest最高兴的；C.deepest最深的；D.wildest最狂野的。根据下文中的dream did I ever imagine及He had died in a car accident.，可知Todd在第二年的比赛到来前因车祸身亡，这是作者最疯狂的梦也没有想到的事。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A .occur发生；B.reward奖励；C.end结束；D.exist存在。根据前文的"race"以及下文中的Todd wasn't going to be running可知，第二年的比赛快到来时，Todd已经无法参赛了。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.press按；B.encourage鼓励；C.bother使......烦恼；D.order命令。根据前文A few of his friends knew this 'challenge' I had agreed to with Todd.可知，儿子的朋友知道作者与儿子的约定，在儿子离世后，他们开始鼓励作者去参加比赛。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.applied申请；B.recovered康复；C.trained训练；D.digested消化。根据下文中的prepared anything结合选项可知，作者没有经过训练也没有做任何准备。故选C。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.entertainingly有趣地；B.frankly坦白地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.obviously明显地。根据下文中的I had almost forgotten I said I would do it可推知，此处是坦白讲，作者几乎忘记了自己曾经说过要参加比赛。故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret秘密；B.distance距离；C.kindness仁慈；D.promise诺言。根据下文When it was time for the race，I was all dressed and ready.可知，作者参加了比赛，所以是决定自己应该信守承诺。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.tapes磁带；B.lectures讲座；C.friends朋友；D.experts专家。根据下文中的when I listened to the tapes可知，比赛前，作者在赛前听了一些讲述如何赛跑的磁带。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦；B.memory记忆；C.mind脑海；D.soul灵魂。根据上文中的I played the race over and over和下文中的when I listened to the tapes可知，当作者听磁带时，她在脑海中一遍遍地想象着比赛的场景。故选C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.desperate绝望的；B.heartbroken极为悲伤的；C.emotional情绪激动的；D.delighted高兴的。根据前文Without thinking，I quickly agreed to this（2）可知，这次比赛是作者和Todd的约定，根据常理推知，此处指当比赛到来时，作者的情绪很激动。故选C。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.took off脱（衣服，帽子，鞋子等）；B.tore up撕碎；C.threw away扔掉；D.handed out分发。根据下文中的ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on可知，作者脱去了所有保温暖的衣服，只穿着无袖衬衫和短裤。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.amuse逗乐；B.depress使沮丧；C.ease缓解；D.disappoint使失望。根据前文It was freezing cold that day，but I didn't care.可知，那天极为寒冷，但作者并不在乎，什么事也不能使她消沉。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.influenced影响；B.permitted允许；C.directed监督；D.motivated激励。根据后文me to run指促使作者去跑步的理由没人知道，motivate sb.to do sth."激励某人做某事"。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.deepened变强烈；B.proved证明；C.relieved减轻；D.fostered促进。根据下文中的the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd可知，作者发现跑步减轻了她因失去爱子Todd而感受到的压力。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在儿子托德车祸去世后，遵守承诺，参加跑步比赛的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】did
【小题2】easily
【小题3】itself
【小题4】a
【小题5】to program
【小题6】making
【小题7】fewer
【小题8】which/that
【小题9】was given
【小题10】on/upon
【解析】（1）did.考查时态。句意：但是早期的机器人经常呆在一个地方，一次又一次地做一个工作。和played并列作谓语，所以用过去式，故填did.
（2）easily.考查副词。句意：它能像人类一样在同一个空间里轻松地移动。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填easily.
（3）itself.考查反身代词。句意：它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。指主语本身，所以用反身代词，故填itself.
（4）a.考查个错误。句意：这种机器人有一个几乎可以向任何方向转动的长臂，可以使用多种不同的实验室设备，执行各种任务。a variety of各种各样的，后跟复数名词，故填a.
（5）to program.考查不定式。句意：科学家们说，为机器人编写程序需要做大量的工作，这样它就可以在不出错的情况下完成任务。it作形式主语，所以用不定式作真正主语，故填to program.
（6）making.考查动名词。句意：科学家们说，为机器人编写程序需要做大量的工作，这样它就可以在不出错的情况下完成任务。作介词的宾语，所以用动名词，故填making.
（7）fewer.考查比较级。句意：不过，一旦程序编好，机器人犯的错误就比人类少。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填fewer.
（8）which/that.考查定语从句。句意：找到一种能够从水中产生氢气的材料。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that.
（9）was given.考查时态语态。句意：机器人被编程来理解实验的基本方法，但是它被赋予了10种不同的东西，这些东西可能会改变，从而影响实验结果。give和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为it,故填was given.
（10）on/upon.考查介词。句意：在接下来的8天里，机器人进行了688个实验，总是根据上一个实验的结果来选择下一个实验。be based on基于，此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，故填on/upon.
本文是一篇说明文。利物浦大学（UL）的科学家开发了一种可以自己进行实验的UL机器人。机器人不知疲倦地工作，只有在充电时它才会停下来!最近，该机器人在8天内完成了688项实验。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】【小题1】Dear fellow students,
In order to cooperate with the school's publicity activities on the protection of historical sites,we call on every student to try their best to protect historical sites around of us.（主题介绍）
Nowadays,with the development of our society,more and more heritage sites are facing the danger of disappearing.Heritage sites represent our historic cultures,which offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.【高分句型一】Moreover,having survived for a long time,most of them can help make our unique and valuable cultures handed down from generation to generation.【高分句型二】（破坏历史遗址的严重后果）
For the above reasons,not only should we pay attention to protecting heritage sites around of us,but also we should call on people to join us in saving them.Only when all people unite can we save our historical relics.（学生可以作出的贡献）
The Student Union
【小题2】略
【解析】高分句型一
Heritage sites represent our historic cultures,which offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.
翻译：历史遗址代表了我们的历史文化，为我们提供了了解过去发生的事情的绝佳机会。
分析：句子里，关系词which引导非限制性定语从句offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past。
高分句型二
Moreover,having survived for a long time,most of them can help make our unique and valuable cultures handed down from generation to generation.
翻译：此外，他们中的大多数已经存在了很长一段时间，它们可以帮助我们将独特而宝贵的文化代代相传。
分析：句子里，现在分词的完成式having survived for a long time作原因状语。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
38.【答案】【小题1】Paragraph 1：
After I arrived，I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible.When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse on account of extreme fever and flu symptoms，my friend panicked.【高分句型一】Then Pedro appeared.He took me to the clinic and stood by my side and never left.I will never forget the look of sincere concern and concern on his face.There are not a lot of people who would care this much for a complete stranger.Pedro was a true angel.（作者在别墅得了重感冒，在保安Pedro的无微不至的照顾下，作者恢复了身体）
Paragraph 2：
The day before our departure，I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given.As I was leaving，Pedro and the other staff member at the villa prepared us a truly authentic Dominican feast.Then，we went to the beach where they held me a farewell party and we danced and talked all the night.【高分句型二】I was blown away by the kindness and generosity of this amazing man.This experience showed me the real meaning of genuine kindness and compassion，and it was totally life changing.I will never forget Pedro as long as I live.（在作者离开之前，Pedro和当地人为她准备了地道的当地盛宴，这让作者感到很温暖）
【小题2】略
【解析】本文以旅行为线索，讲述了作者在Puerto Plata租了别墅，享受海边的宁静，别墅的保安在作者生病时对她的照顾让作者了解到了旅行的意义。
高分句型一：When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse on account of extreme fever and flu symptoms，my friend panicked.
译文：当我因极度发烧和流感症状而病情恶化时，我的朋友惊慌失措。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句，where引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Then，we went to the beach where they held me a farewell party and we danced and talked all the night.
译文：然后，我们去了海滩，在那里他们为我举办了一个告别派对，我们整夜跳舞聊天。
分析：这句话使用了where引导的定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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