2023届山东省淄博市部分学校高考二模英语试题（含答案）

参照秘密级管理 ★启用前

部分学校高三阶段性诊断考试试题

英语

注意事项：

1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Travelling in Paris

The uniform sandstone of the Haussmann buildings, the variety of golden historic monuments, and the attractive Seine and its elegant bridges have arguably made Paris the most recognizable and romanticized cityscape in1 the world. But though the city wears its history with characteristic style, it is also increasingly looking to the future and outwards to the rest of the world.

Where to go

Those looking to explore the city＇s rich heritage can spend long afternoons getting lost in the Louvre or wandering the Orsay Museum, or ducking in and out of Paris＇s countless historical churches. For more contemporary tastes, there＇s plenty of exploring to be done in the less jam-packed outer regions-from arts venues（场所）on the sloping streets of Belleville to the luxurious hotels and reinvented bars.

When to go

You can come to Paris any time but the atmosphere is quite different at different times of year. Winter is a time for festivals and feasting on games and oysters（牡蛎）. Spring and early summer are the time to make the most of city parks and café terraces, with fireworks set off on June 21 and military parade held on July 14. In August the capital slows down and some people love it for the feeling of calm. The autumn renewable activities start with a burst of energy for the new cultural season and big exhibition openings.

What to buy

Choose from one of the tastiest cheese selections in the city at La Fermetteon Rue Montorgueil and vacuum-pack your selection to bring home.

Know before you go

Embassy/Consulate: 0144513100; ukinfrance. fco. gov. uk for passports and most other visitor services.

1. Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A geography textbook.   B. A travel brochure.

C. An academic paper.    D. A science magazine.

2. Which places best suit the youth who enjoy the modern art?

A. Historical churches.    B. Luxurious palaces.

C. Jam-packed bars.     D. Various galleries.

3. In which season could you go to Paris for cultural activities?

A. Spring.   B. Winter.   C. Autumn.   D. Summer.

B

It's an unconventional setting. Children of varying ages are reading actively. Seated next to them are teenagers, many of them girls, staring at the Hindi alphabet（字母表）on the blackboard. In charge of this class are three young girls, not much older than their students. But when Tabassum, Tarannum and Rubina, no more than 22, start speaking, you know the difference. Their confidence takes you by surprise.

A little over 10 kilometres from Varanasi lies the village of Sajoi where illiteracy（文 盲）was quite common. It had blocked out modernity until recently, especially when it came to its women. Educating girls was considered pointless, and the possibility of women stepping out of their homes, unthinkable.

Things began to change in 2010 when Human Welfare Association （HWA）, identified Sajoi for a planned intervention. HWA set up a centre in Sajoi to offer free education but the villagers needed to be convinced to join in. The organization needed volunteers who valued education. Tabassum, Tarannum and Rubina embraced the opportunity.

After completing their high school education, the girls set out on another important mission-persuading the locals to send their children to schools. “We went knocking at every door, talking to elders, "recalls Rubina. Some villagers asked them to mind their own business. “We didn't let all this distract our attention from the main goal, " Rubina says.

The girls honed their approach. They didn't ask people to stop their children from working, but urged them to send them to schools for an hour or two. Slowly, children started trickling（缓 慢增加）in. Motivational Learning Centre, as the girls call it, is no replacement for school. It is there, in fact, that they create the hunger for knowledge. It also helps school-going children so they don't lose interest and drop out.

Those who doubted the girls' intentions now recommend the centre to others. The number of admissions to schools has steadily increased and the dropout rate in Sajoi has fallen.

4. How does the author start the text?

A. By describing a typical scene.

B. By comparing different views.

C. By analyzing certain reasons.

D. By providing background information.

5. What was the major obstacle for girls to receive education in Sajoi?

A. Most families had a tight budget.

B. They were engaged in working.

C. The locals didn't value education much.

D. The educational resources were insufficient.

6. What does the underlined word "honed” mean in paragraph 5?

A. Abandoned.

B. Explained.

C. Adopted.

D. Improved.

7. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To explain the consequences of poor knowledge.

B. To show efforts to fight against illiteracy in India.

C. To reflect on the current educational situation in India.

D. To inform us of the urgent need for the youth to get educated.

C

If you've ever learned a new language, you know how difficult it can be. Native languages seem almost built in. But learning a new language, especially after early childhood, can be a huge task, burdened by long vocabulary lists to memorize and troublesome rules to master. Nevertheless, it's worth the effort.

John Grundy, a scientist at Iowa State University who specializes in languages and the brain, explains that learning a new language causes extensive neuroplasticity（神经塑性）in the brain. In other words, when you learn a new language, your brain gets rearranged, new connections are made and new pathways are formed. “It's really just a remodeling of the brain that allows it to become more efficient, "Grundy says.

These changes don't help with just language functions. Chung-Fat-Yim, a post-doctoral researcher at Northwestern University, says they affect the whole executive processing part of the brain, what she calls the CEO of the brain. Bilinguals（双语者）use that area for language control, but also for other purposes such as the ability to plan for future behaviors, monitor and change behavior as needed, and switch between tasks. Being bilingual might also make you a nicer person. The bilingual person has to have an awareness that different people can hold different mental states about the same event. So they are more likely to develop greater empathy（共情）.

Having a second language can even help to prevent-or at least delay-intelligence decline. There is a consistent finding that bilinguals are able to put off symptoms of mental disorders for about four to six years compared to those speaking one language.

If you're thinking it's too late, you're probably wrong. It's true that young children do more quickly learn whatever language they're exposed to. But when it comes to adding on a new one, adults aren't as at much of a disadvantage as you might think. If you practice a lot and bury yourself in the language, you can see the benefits at any age, especially when you get older.

8. What does John Grundy think of picking up a new language?

A. It reshapes the brain and improves its efficiency.

B. It indeed lays a heavy burden on learners.

C. It is enough to memorize vocabulary and grammar.  

D. It has a negative effect on learners' native language.  

9. What do we know about Bilinguals in paragraph 3?

A. They change their behaviors frequently.

B. They may not concentrate on one thing.

C. They are more likely to understand others.

D. They tend to find faults with others' work.  

10. What is vital in acquiring a new language for adults?

A. Age.

B. Engagement.

C. Motivation.

D. Strategy.

11. What does the text mainly talk about?

A. How learning a language changes your brain.

B. Picking up a new language is a huge challenge.

C. Using more languages means less diseases.

D. How to master a new language effectively.

D

In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity（寿命）, according to a new Cornell research.

"We now have, for the first time, a physics-based tool to estimate the costs and benefits of co-locating solar panels and commercial agriculture in terms of increased power conversion efficiency and solar-pancl longevity, " said lead author Henry Williams, a doctoral student in Cornell Engineering.

＂There is potential for agrivoltaic （农业光伏）systems-where agriculture and solar panels coexist-to provide increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover and higher evapotranspiration （蒸散）rates compared to traditional solar farms, ＂said Max Zhang, professor in the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and conserve farmland through agrivoltaic systems. ”In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang's group.

The engineers showed that solar panels mounted over vegetation reveal surface temperature drops compared to those built over bare ground. Solar panels were mounted 4 meters above a cotton crop and the solar panels showed temperature reductions by up to 10 degrees Celsius, compared with those mounted a half-meter above bare soil.

“As you decrease the solar panel operating temperature, you can increase efficiency and improve the longevity of your solar panels, ” said Williams, “We're showing double benefits. On one hand, you have food production for farmers, and on the other hand, we've shown improved longevity and improved conversion efficiency for solar developers. "

“Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine, " said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern U. S. in relaxing the land-use competition it faces. "

12. What does the new Cornell research convey?

A. Growing commercial crops can relieve climate change.

B. It's costly to improve solar panel performance and longevity.

C. Commercial agriculture can increase power conversion efficiency.

D. The coexistence of solar panels and commercial crops is mutually beneficial.

13. Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 3?

A. To show the promising future of agrivoltaics.

B. To indicate the lack of solar farms in New York.

C. To tell agricultural lands are based on solar farms.

D. To demonstrate agricultural farms are more developed.

14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The Northeastern US is rich in agricultural lands.

B. Hot climate zones are ideal for developing agrivoltaics.

C. The research made a breakthrough in land-use competition.

D. The application of agrivoltaics in Northeastern US proved practical.

15. Which is a suitable title for the text?

A. Approaches to Tackling World Climate Change

B. Methods of Increasing Agricultural Production

C. Agrivoltaics Have Been Well Received in the US

D. Growing Crops at Solar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency

第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to React to Upsetting Posts Online

It's pretty common for upsetting and disturbing posts and videos to spread online. 16 There are plenty of ways you can respond and engage with this kind of content- in any case, taking care of your mental health is especially important.

Suspend before you share or reply. Misinformation can be really emotionally triggering （触发）. 17 Even if you have a strong reaction to something you see online, slow down and take some time to analyze the content before you share it or respond.

Fact-check the information. Misinformation is often designed to look appealing and accurate, so it can be tempting to trust the content you see in a high-quality graphic or post. That makes it especially important to fact-check the information.  18

Craft an informed reply if you think you can make a positive change. Some posts, however upsetting, come from a place of genuine ignorance. 19 Don't feel like you have to fight every battle-if you feel like there are more effective ways to make a difference than potentially inviting an online fight, it's okay to conduct those instead.

20 It can be hard to set your own opinions and emotions aside when you see a really upsetting post online. If you feel up to it, try being the bigger person and really listening to what the poster has to say even if their content is worded in a harmful way. Write out a response that addresses those negative feelings instead of the post itself.

A. It's necessary to make a positive reply.

B. Avoid sharing any posts with misinformation.

C. You may be wondering how you can handle them.

D. Write a sympathetic reply so the poster feels heard.

E. You might see posts that make you feel mad, sad, or frightened.

F. Look into the source, the website, the author and the publication date.

G. If that's the case, write a response that clarifies the claims being presented.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Growing up, moments with Mum were painfully short. That's because we spent most of the year at our boarding school in Singapore, 21 only during the holidays. Every year, she would 22 expect our reunion.

However, those sweet, cherished moments gradually 23 as I grew older and moved further away from home for university. And soon, our 24 became tense. Weekly phone calls filled with small talk were too 25 to ever develop into real talk, real feelings. The 26 led to arguments instead. To me she seemed unable to 27 that I was no longer a kid, thus, forcing me to hold back information or even lie frequently. But the more I pulled away, the more I felt 28 . Perhaps the journey to the local museum would give us a 29 to breathe it back to life.

When we got there, we 30 for a joint drawing activity. Secretly I hoped producing something together would help us connect. Later, when a digital screen 31 our works, Mum went up to the screen and reached out, 32 the fish as if doing so would 33 it to life. That momentary glance of my mother's childlike 34 and delight at a new experience revealed the little girl in her, who like me, had lost a vital 35 to the trials and responsibilities of adulthood and motherhood.

21. A. appearing B. returning C. leaving D. escaping

22. A. cautiously B. calmly C. carefully D. eagerly

23. A. disappeared B. refused C. decreased D. increased

24. A. relationship B. gap C. agreement D. situation

25. A. popular B. normal C. rushed D. regular

26. A. pain B. damage C. balance D. tension

27. A. understand B. predict C. tolerate D. guarantee

28. A. narrow B. empty C. useless D. lonely

29. A. gift B. reward C. chance D. courage

30. A. calmed down B. checked out C. looked out D. signed up

31. A. displayed B. exposed C. reported D. marked

32. A. researching B. touching C. witnessing D. designing

33. A. fetch B. carry C. bring D. take

34. A. judgment B. patience C. confidence D. curiosity

35. A. connection B. impression C. reaction D. donation

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Similar to people of other nationalities, ancient Chinese people grasped or tore food with their bare hands at the beginning. Chopsticks, forks, knives and spoons were used much later, among 36 chopsticks, with a history of thousands of years, is 37 wonder of Chinese dining utensil（用具）.

In ancient China, they were called zhu. Their uppeT parts are square and 38（low） parts round, 39 they are all round. Whatever their shapes, the pair must be identical to each other. 40（normal）, people hold chopsticks with the right hand to pick up food. The invention of chopsticks fully displayed the dexterity（灵巧）and 41 （intelligent） of the Chinese people. According to some Japanese scholars, to properly handle chopsticks requires the skillul interaction of over 80 joints（关节）and 50 muscles, and what＇s more, certain nerves 42 （involve）.

Chopsticks, a food picking utensil 43 （make） of bamboo or wood, is widely used by the Hans and some minority ethnic groups. Some elegant chopsticks 44 Chinese characters are quite artistic. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 45（create） special designs. It is generally held that chopsticks has begun to be called kuaizi since the Ming Dynasty. However, the term kuaizi was not widely used until the modern times.

第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以My Favorite Chinese Idiom为题写一篇发言稿参赛,

内容包括：

1. 成语的涵义：

2. 喜欢的原因。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My Favorite Chinese Idiom

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was 7:15 a. m. on Monday, and Frank, an engineer, was on his morning run along the East River. Suddenly, something caught his eyes-a large 60-year-old man balancing on the four-foot-high railing（栏杆）that guarded the path from the water. Curious and confused, Frank stopped to get closer to the scene, only to find the man took a step forward and dropped into the dark river below.

When Frank reached the railing, the man was struggling in the water, clearly unable to swim. He screamed desperately for help as the current pulled him away from the bank.

By now, a crowd had gathered on land. People had called the police, but it was unclear when they'd get there. Without hesitation, dropping his phone and keys on land, Frank jumped in. Just as the old man was losing strength, Frank grabbed hold of him. Unexpectedly, the strong wind forced the water to tear them apart again.

Having seen what had happened, another two joggers made a quick response. They dived from where they stood into the river, and swam towards the pair, who were about 30 yards from the seawall. Immediately they caught up to the old man. The three stabilized him, with one supporting his back and the other two holding him up from either side. However, the old man was unresponsive, but not unconscious. As the men made their way towards the seawall that stretched for blocks in each direction, Frank had an awful realization: With the water flowing a good eight feet below the lip of the wall and no ladder or dock in sight, there was no way out of the river. "A rescue boat is on its way, " someone yelled to them. The old man, who was six foot two and weighed around 260 pounds, was deadweight in his rescuers' arms, which meant they could only use their legs to save themselves. They were almost out of energy at that point.

注意：

1. 续写的词数应为150左右：

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then appeared a rescue boat with a pole attached to it.

The old man was rushed to hospital.