【期末专题复习】（牛津上海版）2022-2023学年六年级英语下学期：专题03- 重点语法复习及专题过关（原卷+解析）

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专题03 重要语法复习及专练
一、情态动词基本用法
情态动词
基本用法
例句
can/could
1. 指能力, 也可表示许可或请求。
2. could也可用于现在时, 表示有礼貌的请求，语气比can婉转。
①She can drive, but she can't ride a bicycle.
②—Can I use your telephone?
—Yes, of course you can
③—Could I use your bicycle?
—Yes, of course, you can.
must/ have to/need
1. must主要指不可推卸的责任。
2. have to意为“必须；不得不”， 起情态动词的作用, 可以代替must。
3. need主要指需要。
①—Must I finish all the work today?
—Yes, you must.
②You have to drive on the right in the U.S.A.
③You’ll have to go there at once.
④You needn’t get up so early, for it is Sunday today.
⑤We need to work harder.
will/would
1. will/would主要指提出客气的请求。


①Would you like to have some coffee?
②Would you please close the window for me?
③I would rather stay at home than go out.

二、连词讲解
1. because “因为”
✧表示因果关系，回答why引导问句；
-Why didn’t you go to school yesterday? --I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
✧because不与so连用！！！
正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home. 　
误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.
✧because + 句子；because of +名词(短语)
He can’t come because he is ill.
I said nothing about it because his wife was there.
He can’t come because of his illness.
I said nothing about it because of his wife’s presence there.
2. but “但是”
✧表转折关系
Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。
I ought to have helped her, but I never could.我本该帮她但没能。
✧but+句子；however (放句首，作副词)
I thought those figures were correct. However, I have recently heard they were not.
我原以为那些数字正确无误，不过我最近听说并不正确。
We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.
✧not only…but also= both…and
注意：not only…but also 谓语是就近原则。
Not only the students but also the teacher was invited.
Both the students and the teacher were invited.
三、时态讲解
一般过去时
I.一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year,yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often,always等频率副词连用。例如：
①I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上观察他了。
①Li Mei always went to school on foot last year.去年李梅总是步行上学。
II. 动词过去式的构成：
(1)规章动词过去式的构成有四条规章：
①一般在动词原形末尾挺直加上-ed。如：look-looked。
①以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。
①末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。
①末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。
(2)不规章动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,e-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。
过去进行时
I. 结构
was/were +doing （现在分词）
II. 用法
1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning，the whole morning，all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evening，when，while
例如：
1
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.。
What was he researching all day last Sunday？
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday？
昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
当我观察他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）
3.在复合句中，假如主要动作和背景动作都是连续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
While he was waiting for the bus，he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是连续的）
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）
4.通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have（拥有），hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。例如：
误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn't understanding him.
正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
一般将来时
soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如：What will you do this afternoon. 你今日下午干什么？
表示将来时间的几种常见方法
英语中除了“will /shall+动词原形”表示半来时态外，还可以用“be going to+动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和猜想：
We are not going to stay there long. 我们不预备在那里多待。(表打算)
I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 生怕他们会赛输。(表猜想)
注：be going to 后接动词go和e时，通常挺直改用其进行时态：
Where is he going to go? / Where is he going? 他打算到哪里去？
现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开头，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：have/has + done 4
.否定形式：have/has + not +done.
它主要适用于下面的几种状况：
1表示截止现在业已完成的动作
By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今日已看了150页。
2表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗？
3表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要连续
It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
3
1)一个句子应当用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思，以及它所处的语言环境。例如：
He speaks English .（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。）
He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .（一般过去时，说明动作发生的时间。）
He is speaking English.（现在进行时，说明动作正在进行。）
He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.（现在完成时，这里说明动作的总和。）
He has been speaking English since he came to the USA. （现在完成进行时，强调动作的连续性。）
2）在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中，假如主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时；假如主句的谓语动词是过去将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
例如：I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.
I would not play tennis if it rained the next day.
3) 有些动词表示无法持续的动作，它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有：be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态，可表示临时、短暂的状况或表现。例如：
Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今日很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太虚心。


【专项练习】
一、单项选择
（一）
1.Lucy should         her homework now.   
    A. finishes         B. finishing         C. finished         D. finish
2.My mother would          back soon.   
    A. came         B. comes         C. come         D. will come 
3.Could you           me a hand.   
    A. giving         B. gives         C. given         D. give 
4.Should I            now.   
    A. started         B. starting         C. start         D. starts
5.          I take this one?   
     A. Could          B. Will          C. Are          D. Do 
6.- Can you speak English?     - No, I            .   
    A. mustn't         B. can't         C. couldn't         D. may not 
7.You           go and see a doctor because you had a fever(烧).     
A. could         B. might         C. should         D. would
8.Jim           come tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.    
   A. should         B. might         C. would         D. should 
9.The children          play football on the road.   
    A. couldn't         B. could         C. must         D. mustn't 
10.- Can I take this book out.       - No, you            .  
    A. must not         B. could not         C. will not         D. aren't 
11.I          like to go with you.   
    A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will 
12.She is bleeding (血). She          go to hospital quickly.     
  A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will 
13.You           watch TV after finishing your homework.     
  A. would         B. can         C. must         D. should
14.It is late. I           go home now.   
    A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will 
15.- What          I do at the meeting?  
    A. has to         B. would like         C. should         D. not should 
16.              you tell me where the WenHua Market is?    
A. could         B. must         C. should         D. have 
（二）
1.- Why are you late for school today?       -      the heavy traffic. 
A.Because    B. Because of    C. Due to the fact that 
2. I can’t join in your birthday party     I have too much work to do tomorrow. 
A. due to    B. because of   C because 
3.-You liked the bike so much. Why didn’t you buy it? 
-       it is too expensive. I don’t have enough money. 
A. Due to    B. Because of    C. Because  
4. I felt sad. I failed in the exam yesterday. I made my parents disappointed     the poor grades. 
A.since    B.because of    C.due to the fact that 
5.-Why is he so welcomed by others? -      he is polite to everyone. 
A. Because     B. Because of     C. Due to 
6. -Why don’t we hold the meeting in our classroom?      -      It’s too small to hold all of us. 
A . Due to    B. Because     C. Because of 
7. We can’t put the tree in our room    its height. It is too tall.
 A.since    B.because of    C.because 
8.-Why will your family buy a new car? -      losing the old car. 
A. Because     B. Since    C. Because of 
9. Mr. Smith is an English teacher        he teaches us English.      
A. or     B. and      C. but     D. so  
10. — You watched the fashion show last night, didn’t you?      
— Yes,        I missed the beginning.    
A. or     B. and     C. but   D. so  
11. It’s a long story, but there are few new words in it,      it will be easy for children. 
  A. or     B. and      C. but     D. so  
12. Remember to return the books to the library on time,     you will be fined罚款).      
A. or     B. and      C. but   D. so  
13. I like both swimming        skating. They are so cool!      
A . or     B. and      C. but   D. so      
14.        I was ill yesterday,        I didn’t go to  work.   
A.  because, so   B. For, and     C. /, but    D. /, so
（三）
1．In the past, large dogs their owners safe from danger.
A．kept B．keep C．have kept D．will keep
2．It for hours last night so the air is very clean today.
A．rained B．is raining C．will rain D．rains
3．My brother a student in this school ten years ago.
A．was B．is C．are D．were
4．He usually some reading in the evening, but he sports yesterday evening. A．does, plays B．did, played C．does, played D．does, is playing
5．There a lot of people in the museum yesterday.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
6．We Xiang Shan Park last Friday. We had a wonderful time.
A．visit B．visits C．will visit D．visited
7．— The bread is delicious. Where did you buy it?
— I it by myself.
A．am making B．will make C．made
8．— What did you do last summer holiday?
— I Qingdao with my family.
A．visit B．am visiting C．visited
9．Jim began to play football when he very young.
A．is B．was C．were
10．What did you yesterday?
A．buy B．bought C．buying D．is buying
11．Most people when the big earthquake took place in that area.
A．are sleeping B．were sleeping C．slept D．sleep
12．–Have you seen Mr. Black these days, Jack?
--Yes, I met him when I in the street yesterday.
A． walked B．was walking C．have walked D．is walking
13．---You were out when I went to your house this morning.
---Oh, I for a friend from England at the airport.
A．was waiting B．waited
C．am waiting D．have waited
14．Tom his homework when I called him last night.
A．is doing B．are doing C．were doing D．was doing
15．I don't want to see the film because I it before.
A．haven't seen B．saw C．have seen D．didn't see
16．Ben in the hospital for two days and then went home.
A．is staying B．will stay C．has stayed D．stayed
17．Her grandparents in Shanghai for about twenty years.
A．live B．have lived C．are living D．lived
18．--- Have you ever been to New York city? --- Yes, I there twice. It’s a modern city. A．was B．will go C．have been D．had been
19．You’re late. The film for 10 minutes.
A．began B．has been on C．has begun D．was on
20．The Greens in China since 1999. They are having a happy life.

二、 用所给单词适当形式填空
（一）
1. We must brush our (teeth) at least twice a day.
2. We can save water by (not take) a bath every day.
3. Don’t (waste) money.
4. Plants and animals will (dead) if there’s no rain.
5. It there (be) no water, we (die).
6. We get (wooden) from the forest.
7. I bought a (wool) sweater yesterday.
8. The man is wearing a pair of (glass).
9. We can see people walking in the park when there is a wind. ( gently )
10. The wind blows and people cannot walk properly. (fierce)
11. The meeting room is . It’s cool to stay in it. (air-conditioner)
12. of the students are girls. Only a few of them are boys. (many )
13. You made mistakes in your homework than before. (few)
14. I’ve moved to a new flat. It’s on the floor. (twelve)
15. I’d like to be a . I have to practice more. (sing)
16. Many foreigners like to go in Beijing. (sightsee)
17. We must keep the mushrooms fresh. (dry)
18. There will be traffic jams in Shanghai. (few)
19. There aren’t in those rooms. So they feel very hot. (air-condition)
20. Peter is a photographer. He takes . (photo)
21. In the balcony there are a lot of flowers. (beauty)
22. Watermelons are a kind of fruit. (season)
23. I don’t like rice dumplings. (salt)
24. There are some over there. (trolley)
25. There is a bus on each bus. (conduct)
26. We must wait for the green light at the . (cross)
27. What will in Shanghai be like in 10 years’ time? (travel)
28. There will be traffic jams in the future. (few)
29. Joe likes using card better than using money. (transport)
30. Please hold your raincoat . (tight)
31. James is taking these flower into his room. (pot)
32. The in the sky move quickly. (cloud)
33. Amy is a top student. She always does her homework . (careful)
34. At first, the wind blows . (gentle)
35. The notice is important. She read it very just now. (careful)
36. After typhoon, many street work on the street. (clean)
37. People like flying kites on days. (wind)
38. We should wait for the green light at the . (cross)
39. Ships and boats in the big waves when the typhoon came. (sink)
40. use nets to catch fish and prawns in the deep sea. (fish)
（二）
1. At first, the winds blows (gentle).
2. You must do your homework (care).
3. Peter and Simon are (play) in the playground.
4. What’s the weather like today? It’s (wind).
5. Look! There is a (fish) boating in the middle of the lake.
6. You must stop (eat) chocolates. You are so fat now.
7. I stopped (post) a letter at noon today.
8. All the students stopped (look) up when they heard a loud noise suddenly.
9. We can save water by (fix) the dripping tap.
10. If there is no water, fish will have nowhere (live).
11. If there is no rain, there (be) no water to wash the dishes.
12. Plants (die) if there is no water.
13. If she (come) back, I (tell) her the news.
14. In some places, we can get (drink) water by (take) away the salt from the sea water.
15. We must (keeping) our city clean.
16. Students can find some interesting (information) about our world.
17. We can use water for (cook) food.
18. People use most of the land for (farm).
19. If there is no rain, there (be) no water to grow vegetables.
20. Firemen use water to (put) out fires.
21. Tigers are a kind of (danger) animals.
22. We must stop (pollute) the air.
23. We can save water by (turn) off the taps.
24. We mustn’t wash the dishes under a (run) tap.
（三）
1. They are too . (salt)
2. diet is good. (she)
3. Danny’s diet is healthy than Alice’s. (little)
4. I don’t like to eat sandwiches and rice. (fry)
5. It’s helpful to write a list. (shop)
6. Tokyo is the capital of (Japanese)
7. There are many tall in Garden City. (build)
8. Let say something about to you first. (I)
9. I like to go with Mum and she always buys something for me. (shop)
10. Many people like to go abroad on holidays. (China)
11. There are so many beautiful here. I have no idea which one to choose. (scarf)
12. Our leaves New York at 10 a.m. (fly)
13. The of the train was delayed. (depart)
14. are helpful in the supermarket. (trolley)
15. Jessica has a lot of drinks. (bring)
16. Would you please find some for me? (trolley)
17. Where’s my card? I can’t find it. (board)
18. Has Jenny enough dumplings for lunch? (buy)
19. Please tell me the time and the arrival time of this flight. (depart)
20. usually go window-shopping in big cities. (tour)
21. I like the black shoes, but I don’t like the white . (one)
22. It’s very to swim in the river. (danger)
23. Would you like some rice dumplings? (salt)
24. Your cousin will tell the truth (late)
25. I have been to many other (country)
26. I go to the restaurant a week. (one)
27. I enjoy the winter holiday. I have a lot of fun. (real)
28. There is pollution in the countryside than in the cities. (little )
29. Some students like all kinds of . (act)
30. Computer specialists always write programs for people to solve different . (problem)
31. The Dragon Boat Festival is in the lunar month. (five)
32. I like sweet rice dumplings, but I don’t like salty without meat. (one)
33. Would you like some for lunch today? (sandwich)
34. Sally has a stomachache. She should have rice dumplings. (few)
35. We mustn’t pollute the environment any more because many animals and plants are in . (dangerous)
36. The is interviewing a businessman. (report)
37. Grandma often wears a pair of when she does some sewing. (glass)
38. I think you are too weak. You should do exercise. (much)
39. Cici won the first prize .(final)
40. Judy can lend you the book. (possible)
41. My father is a . He bread and cake in the every day.(bake)
42. There are a lot of jobs in our city. (season)
43. Boy students must wear shirts with short . (sleeve)
44. All the staff rooms in our school are . (air-conditioned)
45. We can see a lot of people in the sea in Qingdao. (swim)
46. Last year there was a heavy snow in Shanghai. Many children made in the garden.(snowman)
47. They will be when they’re 28 years old. (report)
48. I’ll be taller and in 3 years’ time. (heavy)
49. Watermelon is one kind of fruits. (season)
50. Danny will be a cook when he grows up. (possible)

【真题专练】

（一）
1.The lost child was at last        sent to his parents by a kind man.
A.secure
B.securely
C.safe
D.safety
2.While we        at the Magic Hotel, my dad        sea horses for the first time.
A.were staying, saw
B.were staying, was seeing
C.stayed, saw
D.stayed, was seeing
3.You have been playing computer games        too long time! You should stop to do your homework now.
A.of
B.to
C.for
D.in
4.— Sorry for breaking your window.
—        
A.You're right.
B.That's right.
C.That's all right.
D.You're welcome.
5.There were no cars in the country in the past. The underlined word means“        ”.
A.only a few
B.not many
C.many
D.not any
6.Forests are important to our life. We must stop        trees.
A.turning off
B.to turn off
C.to cut down
D.cutting down
7.— I can't go to the cinema with you because I've got a bad cold.
—        
A.Never mind.
B.Not at all.
C.I'm sorry to hear that.
D.That's all right.
8.Tom should        his mother with the housework.
A.helps
B.help
C.helping
D.helped
9.China is one of        countries in the world.
A.old
B.older
C.elder
D.the oldest
10.All passenger must        the airport two hours before the departure time.
A.to get
B.arrive at
C.to arrive
D.get up
11.People in Bangkok enjoy          spicy food.
A.ate
B.eat
C.eating
D.to eat
12.—        I return the book now?
—No, You        . You can keep it for another two days.
A.Can. can
B.Can, needn't
C.Must, needn't
D.Must, mustn't
13.I didn't get up early        I watched TV for too long last night.
A.but
B.because
C.so
D.and
14.Don't worry. There is        space in my suitcase for clothes.
A.any
B.plenty of
C.a lot
D.many
15.We can't live        the sun.
A.with
B.without
C.in
D.at