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浙江省宁波市奉化区2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省宁波市奉化区2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
浙江省宁波市奉化区2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Leon want to do this term?
A. Make money. B. Earn more credits. C. Get experience.
2. What is Maggie probably doing now?
A. Eating eggs. B. Doing the laundry. C. Cooking breakfast.
3. What will the woman keep?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A turtle.
4. How does the man sound in the end?
A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Confident.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Grandfather and granddaughter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who is the woman?
A. A shop assistant. B. The man’s wife. C. A cashier.
7. What is the man going to do with the blouse?
A. Return it. B. Pay for it. C. Exchange it.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a museum. B. At a parking lot. C. At a bus station.
9. How long does it take the woman to the park by taxi?
A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 30 minutes.
10. What advice does the man give to the woman?
A. Taking a bus. B. Taking a taxi. C. Walking to the park.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Eric quit?
A. He wants to work close to his parents.
B. He doesn’t get enough paid holidays.
C. He finds a new job with a higher salary.
12. In which country does Eric work?
A. China. B. Finland. C. The U.S.
13. What does Ms. Thomas think of Eric’s job performance?
A. It’s poor. B. It’s ordinary. C. It’s great.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is Tina’s weakest part of learning English?
A. Speaking. B. Writing. C. Reading.
15. What matters most in learning a language according to Colin?
A. Being patient.
B. Making friends with foreigners.
C. Living in an English-speaking country.
16. What does Colin suggest Tina do?
A. Get up earlier to learn.
B. Read newspapers every day.
C. Practice English every morning.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the biggest difference between weak AI and strong AI?
A. Cost. B. Service time. C. Human involvement.
18. Which of the following belongs to strong AI?
A. Apple’s Siri. B. A self-driving car. C. AlphaGo.
19. What is many experts’ attitude toward the future of AI?
A. Supportive. B. Uncertain. C. Depressed.
20. What will be discussed about AI next?
A. The problem to deal with.
B. An example of weak AI.
C. The benefit of it.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Different cultures have their unique celebrations of the calendar New Year's traditions. Now let's learn some of famous New Year's traditions around the world.
The Netherlands
Amsterdam hosts one of the world's largest street parties on New Year's Eve. If you attend, buy some oliebollen to eat at mid-night. It is usually believed that eating these deep fried oily balls wI'll drive away evil spirits in the New Year. Dam Square (the craziest), Nieuwmarkt, and Leidseplein host unofficial street parties with music, fireworks and beer tents. Amsterdam's celebration is not for the casual partier: Some attendants have compared it to a war zone!
Scotland
Celebrating Hogmanay, which stands for the last day of the year, is a big deal in Scotland. It is so grand that it often overshadows Christmas. Christmas was outlawed by the Church of Scotland for nearly four centuries, and it didn't make a comeback until 1958. Though the holiday has regained its popularity, the New Year Festival of Hogmanay still holds a sacred place in Scottish hearts.
Australia
Sydney Harbor hosts one of the biggest New Year's Eve celebrations in the world. It's mid-summer in the southern part of globe, and thousands of people gather around the Opera House in advance. An air-plane show and a water display open the celebration at 6:00 pm. A family-friendly fireworks show starts at 9:00 pm, while the main attraction-the Harbor Light Parade is at midnight.
The United States
Each year, hundreds of thousands of people flock lo New York City to see the Big Apple drop at midnight. This New Year's Eve tradition actually began as a replacement for fireworks, which had been forbidden in New York. In addition to watching balls drop, in other US cities you can watch peaches, giant walleye, and other locally relevant symbols lowered as the clock strikes midnight.
1. What is eating oliebollen mainly related to?
A. History B. Custom C. Literature D. Location
2. Travelers who like to see the show on the water may go to________.
A. Australia B. Scotland C. The Netherland D. The United States
3. The passage may be taken from________?
A. a geographic book B. a travelling research
C. an advertisement D. a tourist brochure
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了荷兰、苏格兰、澳大利亚、美国等国家庆祝新年的活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第二句提到“If you attend, buy some oliebollen to eat at mid-night. It is usually believed that eating these deep fried oily balls will drive away evil spirits in the New Year. ”（如果你参加了，在午夜时买一些荷兰油糖饼吃。人们通常认为，吃这些油炸的糖饼可以在新的一年里驱除邪灵。）由此判断，荷兰人把吃油糖饼作为新年里驱除邪灵的仪式，这是一种新年时的风俗。A. History历史；B. Custom风俗； C. Literature文学；D. Location位置，地点。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。在“澳大利亚”部分的第三句提到“An air-plane show and a water display open the celebration at 6:00 pm.”（下午6点，飞机表演和水上表演拉开了新年庆典活动的序幕。）由此判断，游客想要观看水上表演的可以去澳大利亚。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段提到“Different cultures have their unique celebrations of the calendar New Year's traditions. Now let's learn some of famous New Year's traditions around the world.”（不同的文化有其独特的庆祝新年的传统。现在让我们来了解一些世界各地著名的新年传统。）在接下来的几段中，分别介绍了荷兰、苏格兰、澳大利亚、美国各国庆祝新年的传统。告知游客可以参与及欣赏的新年庆祝活动。由此判断，文章出自于旅游手册。A. a geographic book地理书；B. a travelling research旅游调查；C. an advertisement广告宣传；D. a tourist brochure旅游手册。故选D。
B
Last Monday, I visited Jalan Besar to find a new fan blade for a standing fan that my daughters had broken.
I’d worked in the Jalan Besar area 30 years ago and remembered that there were lots of small hardware shops selling unusual things so I thought that I would have no problem finding a fan blade. However, after walking around for almost an hour, I found out that these shops were no longer around.
When I was ready to give up and go home, I spotted an old-fashioned hardware store. After being greeted by a woman, I explained my predicament. She immediately asked me to show her the broken blade. Out of nowhere, a man who looked to be in his 60s came out.
He asked to see the blade and then disappeared into the shop. He came back with a blade but it did not look the same as what I had in my hand. We compared the two blades and he said that it might work.
I asked him how much it was. He told me that he had taken the blade off an old fan that someone had brought in for repair. He said: “It didn’t cost me anything, so why should I charge you for it?” That really touched me. I took the blade home and it work perfectly! My daughters got a “new” fan for nothing.
When I told them this story, they were shocked as they are used to patronizing big modern shops where everything is transactional and the employees go strictly by the book. Not so much my wife. She is almost in her 60s, and said this reminded her of the kind aunties and uncles who used to run small shops and were always ready to help others when she was growing up.
4. Why did the author go to Jalan Besar?
A. To visit old friends. B. To fix the broken fan.
C. To apply for a job. D. To buy a new fan.
5. What does the underlined word “predicament” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Nervous mood. B. Anxious waiting. C. Difficult situation. D. Embarrassing moments.
6. Which of the following can best describe the old man?
A. Honest and helpful. B. Kind and brave.
C. Determined and curious. D. Open-minded and humorous.
7. How did the author’s wife react to his experience?
A. She thought little of it. B. She was greatly surprised.
C. She couldn’t believe it. D. She remembered the old days.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去商店买风扇的叶片，结果没有买到。一个老人免费给了作者一个能用的叶片，作者非常受感动。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Last Monday, I visited Jalan Besar to find a new fan blade for a standing fan that my daughters had broken.(上周一，我去Jalan Besar为我女儿们弄坏的一个立式风扇找了一个新风扇叶片)”可知，作者去Jalan Besar是为了修理坏掉的风扇。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“I’d worked in the Jalan Besar area 30 years ago and remembered that there were lots of small hardware shops selling unusual things so I thought that I would have no problem finding a fan blade. However, after walking around for almost an hour, I found out that these shops were no longer around.(30年前，我在Jalan Besar地区工作过，记得那里有很多小五金店出售不寻常的东西，所以我想我可以很容易地找到一个风扇叶片。然而，在走了将近一个小时后，我发现这些商店已经不在了)”可知，作者找不到可以买到风扇叶片的商店了，即遇到了困境。故画线词意思是“困境”。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He asked to see the blade and then disappeared into the shop. He came back with a blade but it did not look the same as what I had in my hand. We compared the two blades and he said that it might work.(他要求看一下那叶片，然后就消失在店里了。他拿着一个叶片回来了，但它看起来和我手里的不一样。我们比较了两种叶片，他说可能有用)”以及第五段“He said: “It didn’t cost me anything, so why should I charge you for it?”(他说：“我没花一分钱，为什么要收你钱呢？”)”可推知，老人诚实又乐于助人。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“She is almost in her 60s, and said this reminded her of the kind aunties and uncles who used to run small shops and were always ready to help others when she was growing up.(她已经快60岁了，她说这让她想起了自己成长过程中善良的叔叔阿姨，他们曾经经营着小商店，总是乐于帮助别人)”可知，作者的妻子记得过去的日子。故选D。
C
There is a saying about the south-western Chinese province of Guizhou: “Not three feet of flat land, not three days without rain, not a family with three silver coins.” But,with the help of a spicy sauce, Tao Huabi, also known as “China’s hottest woman”, has well and truly opposed this rule.
Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry,and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots,according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word.In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.
Miranda Brown, professor of Chinese studies at the University of Michigan, who is writing a book on the history of Chinese food, says that in China, Lao Gan Ma’s popularity is mainly because her products are natural. Chinese consumers tend to want foods that perfectly mix regional flavors and use ingredients grown from the soil of those regions. And today Lao Gan Ma is also increasingly popular overseas, especially in the US.
According to its website, the company produces 1.3 million bottles daily, helping the historically poor Guizhou achieve 10. 5% growth—the second fastest of every Chinese province that year, and ahead of the national rate of 6.7%.
As for the godmother herself, an article in Yicai Global describes her as the Queen of a “red kingdom” of chili fields.
8. Why is the saying mentioned in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic of the passage.
B. To serve as background information.
C. To attract the interest of the readers.
D. To describe the present Guizhou.
9. What does the second paragraph focus on?
A. Tao’s growth process. B. Tao’s living conditions.
C. The hardships faced by Tao. D. The development of the company.
10. According to Miranda Brown, what is the reason for Lao Gan Ma’s popularity?
A. Low price. B. Spicy taste.
C. Local ingredients. D. Positive comments.
11. What can we learn from Tao’s story?
A. God helps those who help themselves.
B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Well begun half done.
D. Many hands make light work.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了老干妈辣酱的创始人——陶华碧的故事。介绍了她如何开创老干妈这个品牌并使之风靡全球的经历。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a saying about the south-western Chinese province of Guizhou: “Not three feet of flat land, not three days without rain, not a family with three silver coins.” But with the help of a spicy sauce, Tao Huabi, also known as “China’s hottest woman”, has well and truly opposed this rule.(关于中国西南省份贵州有一种说法：“天无三日晴，地无三尺平，人无三分银。”不过，有中国“最火辣的女人”之称的陶华碧，凭借一种辣味调料完全打破了这条规律。)”可知，第一段对于中国贵州的这么一个说法，是为了介绍陶华碧的成长环境，属于人物背景知识介绍。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry, and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots, according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word. In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.(陶华碧1947年出生于贵州山区一个农村贫困家庭，她在家排行老八，她没有上过学，也不识字。根据微博上的一篇传记，她的童年是在饥饿中度过的，在大饥荒中靠吃植物的根活了下来。丈夫去世后，她搬到了贵阳，开始卖她自己做的酱面。最后，她在20世纪90年代开了一家名叫“实惠饭店”的餐馆。当地新修了一条公路后，许多卡车司机途经贵阳，她给他们免费赠送了几罐辣酱，因此声名远扬。1996年，她在贵阳的一所房子里开了一家工厂，一年后，老干妈风味食品有限公司诞生了。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了陶华碧的成长经历。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Miranda Brown, professor of Chinese studies at the University of Michigan, who is writing a book on the history of Chinese food, says that in China, Lao Gan Ma’s popularity is mainly because her products are natural. Chinese consumers tend to want foods that perfectly mix regional flavors and use ingredients grown from the soil of those regions.(密歇根大学从事中国研究的教授米Miranda Brown正在写一本关于中国美食历史的书。她说，在中国，老干妈受欢迎主要是因为她的产品是纯天然的。中国消费者倾向于选择能完美代表地方美食并使用本地自产配料的食物。)”可知，老干妈受欢迎的主要原因是其产自当地自产的配料。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry, and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots, according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word. In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.(陶华碧1947年出生于贵州山区一个农村贫困家庭，她在家排行老八，她没有上过学，也不识字。根据微博上的一篇传记，她的童年是在饥饿中度过的，在大饥荒中靠吃植物的根活了下来。丈夫去世后，她搬到了贵阳，开始卖她自己做的酱面。最后，她在20世纪90年代开了一家名叫“实惠饭店”的餐馆。当地新修了一条公路后，许多卡车司机途经贵阳，她给他们免费赠送了几罐辣酱，因此声名远扬。1996年，她在贵阳的一所房子里开了一家工厂，一年后，老干妈风味食品有限公司诞生了。)”可知，陶华碧的成功是源自于她自身的努力，即便遭遇人生低谷，她也在不断努力，奋斗，最终取得了成功。选项A“God helps those who help themselves. (天助自助者。)”；选项B“Failure is the mother of success. (失败是成功之母。)”；选项C“Well begun, half done. (好的开始是成功的一半。)”；选项D“Many hands make light work. (人多好办事。)”。选项A最符合文意，故选A。
D
A new research led by University of Pittsburgh psychologists shows that older adults may be able to prevent declines (衰退) in a certain kind of memory by sticking to regular exercise.
From the study, exercising about three times a week for at least four months is how much people need to obtain the benefits in episodic memory. Episodic memory, which is supported by a part of the brain that’s known to benefit from exercise, is the kind that deals with events that happened to you in the past. It’s also one of the first to decline with age.
Exercise that gets the heart pumping has shown promise in increasing brain health, and experiments in mice show that it improves memory — but studies looking at the same link in humans have come out mixed.
During the research, the team read 1,279 studies carefully, eventually narrowing them down to just 36 that met specific criteria (标准). Then they used specialized software and no small number of Excel spreadsheets to transform the data into a form where the different studies could be directly compared. That work paid off when they found that pooling together those 36 studies was enough to show that for older adults, exercise can indeed benefit their memory.
Past analyses looking at connections between exercise and memory didn’t find one, but the team took several extra steps to give them the best chance of finding a link if one did exist. They limited their search to particular groups and age ranges as well as a specific kind of strict experimental setup. Another key was focusing specifically on episodic memory.
With that much larger pool of participants, the team was able to show a link between exercise and episodic memory. The team also found the greatest effects of exercise in those who hadn’t yet experienced any cognitive (认知的) decline.
12. What can we learn about “episodic memory”?
A. It benefits from regular exercise.
B. It has nothing to do with age.
C. It deals with things happening now.
D. It is connected with the whole brain.
13. How did the team get their study result?
A. By carrying out 1,279 studies.
B. By making specific criteria.
C. By doing experiments in mice.
D. By comparing different studies.
14. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. The team got the findings by chance.
B. The participants were chosen from all ages.
C. The study focused on all kinds of memories.
D. People without cognitive decline benefit most from exercise.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Benefits from Regular Exercise
B. Advice on How to Exercise for the Old
C. Studies Find Ways to Improve Memories
D. Exercise Helps the Older Keep Memories
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是匹兹堡大学心理学家领导的一项新研究表明，老年人可以通过坚持定期锻炼来防止某种记忆衰退。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“From the study, exercising about three times a week for at least four months is how much people need to obtain the benefits in episodic memory.(根据这项研究，每周锻炼三次，坚持至少四个月，是人们获得情景记忆益处所需的运动量。)”可知，情景记忆受益于定期锻炼。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“During the research, the team read 1,279 studies carefully, eventually narrowing them down to just 36 that met specific criteria . Then they used specialized software and no small number of Excel spreadsheets to transform the data into a form where the different studies could be directly compared.(在研究过程中，研究团队仔细阅读了1279份研究报告，最终将其缩小到满足特定标准的36份。然后，他们使用专门的软件和大量的Excel电子表格将数据转换成一种可以直接比较不同研究的形式。)”可知，这个团队通过比较不同的研究得到他们的研究结果的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The team also found the greatest effects of exercise in those who hadn’t yet experienced any cognitive decline.(研究小组还发现，锻炼对那些尚未经历任何认知能力下降的人的影响最大。)”可推断出没有认知衰退的人从锻炼中获益最多。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A new research led by University of Pittsburgh psychologists shows that older adults may be able to prevent declines (衰退) in a certain kind of memory by sticking to regular exercise.(匹兹堡大学心理学家领导的一项新研究表明，老年人可以通过坚持定期锻炼来防止某种记忆衰退。)”可知，本文主要讲的是定期锻炼对老年人的记忆有帮助，因此最好的题目是D选项“Exercise Helps the Older Keep Memories(锻炼有助于老年人保持记忆)”，故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve got a lot of information coming at you, or you need to pick up a new skill in a short time, no worries.____16____ To help you do it, we’ve put together a list of things you can do to improve your ability to learn quickly and effectively.
____17____
The right mindset can help you learn more effectively. Try to remind yourself that you’re learning something to improve your knowledge and skills. Think about all of the benefits that come with it. Avoid worst-case thinking and focus on the possible positive outcomes (结果). It can make a huge difference.
Test yourself as often as you can.
It’s a great way to figure out what you need to learn. Go through the information you’re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great! ____18____ If you have access to practice tests, use them to challenge your memory. The more you test yourself, the more confident you’ ll be that you know the information.
Practice a task in different ways to learn more quickly.
Changing the way you practice can help you improve. If you’re trying to learn a task or skill, practice is super important and one of the most effective ways to get better.____19____ Instead, try mixing it up and practicing a different way each time, which can help your mind strengthen your memories, making you learn more quickly.
Exercise regularly.
It’ll improve both your health and your memory. Studies show that regular periods of exercise can significantly improve your memory. Try to get at least 30 minutes each day. Use exercise as a healthy way to take a break from your studies, which will also actually help with your recall. Try out a group fitness class, go for a run or bike ride, or lift some weights.____20____
A. Use mental images to help remember things.
B. Keep a positive attitude when you’re learning.
C. If not, find the right answer and try to remember it.
D. But don’t just practice the same way over and over.
E. Do anything that you feel comfortable doing — just get active!
F. If you test yourself regularly, you will remember what you’ re learning better.
G. The good news is that you can use some strategies to improve your learning ability.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些快速有效提高学习能力方法。
【16题详解】
上文“If you’ve got a lot of information coming at you, or you need to pick up a new skill in a short time, no worries.(如果你有很多信息，或者你需要在短时间内掌握一项新技能，不用担心)”提到，如果需要在短时间内掌握一项新技能，不用担心，空处应是接着说有什么办法可以做到，G项“好消息是，你可以使用一些策略来提高你的学习能力”符合语境，下文“To help you do it(为了帮助你做到这一点)”中的it指代G项中的“improve your learning ability”，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段中“The right mindset can help you learn more effectively.(正确的心态可以帮助你更有效地学习)”以及“Think about all of the benefits that come with it.(想想它带来的所有好处)”可知，本段主要说保持积极的态度，B项“学习的时候保持积极的态度”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
上文“Go through the information you’ re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great!(浏览你想要学习的信息，并问自己有关材料的问题。如果你答对了，太好了)”提到，浏览想要学习的信息，提问有关材料的问题，并接着描述了答对的情况，空处应是描述没有答对的情况，C项“如果没有，找到正确的答案并试着记住它”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Instead, try mixing it up and practicing a different way each time, which can help your mind strengthen your memories, making you learn more quickly.(相反，试着把它们混在一起，每次都用不同的方式练习，这可以帮助你的大脑加强记忆，让你学得更快)”可知，空处与下文是描述相反的情况，D项“但不要只是一遍又一遍地练习同样的方法”符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“Exercise regularly.(定期锻炼)”及空前“Try out a group fitness class, go for a run or bike ride, or lift some weights.(试着参加一个团体健身班，跑步或骑自行车，或者举重)”可知，本段主要讲要定期锻炼，空前列举了一些锻炼形式，E项“做任何你觉得舒服的事情——只要活跃起来！”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
When the host announce that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn’ believe what I heard. All the ____21____that we made was worthwhile. Through this unforgettable experience, I ____22____much.
In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____23____—a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick. The other students in the alto were ____24____by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker. Our choir’s leader, Mrs Lee noticed it and ____25____ used her hand to keep time, but she ____26____.
After the song the smile on Mrs Lee’s face froze and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got ____27____. My mind was blank, but quickly I realized the only thing we could do was to ____28____ the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs Lee became a ____29____again, who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. We sang the _____30_____ song as usual.
After the competition, I was _____31_____ Just because of one person’s fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we_____32_____the girl who played poorly. _____33_____, I came to her, encouraged her and practiced the whole melody with her. In the finals, we got the medal because of our _____34_____ performance.
Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling toward the same goal. No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, laughter or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and_____35_____.
21. A. promises B. efforts C. requirements D. differences
22. A. contributed B. attempted C. learned D. challenged
23. A. Instruction B. girl C. voice D. song
24. A. driven away B. led away C. given away D. turned away
25. A. similarly B. gracefully C. regretfully D. immediately
26. A. failed B. quit C. lost D. struck
27. A. sick B. wrong C. unique D. slow
28. A. arrange B. stop C. complete D. concentrate
29. A. conductor B. singer C. dancer D. teacher
30. A. same B. only C. first D. last
31. A. disappointed B. embarrassed C. excited D. impressed
32. A. blamed B. attacked C. called D. alarmed
33. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Instead D. Additionally
34. A. creative B. classic C. perfect D. advanced
35. A. strengths B. surprise C. sadness D. memory
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者的合唱队在一次比赛时出现失误，全队没有对犯错的人进行指责而是一起面对问题，最终取得成功的故事，作者在这件事情上学到了很多。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所做的一切努力都是值得的。A. promises承诺；B. efforts努力；C. requirements要求；D. differences区别。根据下文故事的描述以及上文“When the host announce that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn’t believe what I heard.(当主持人宣布我的合唱团赢得了世界合唱比赛的第二名时，我简直不敢相信我听到的。)”可知，此处指的是我们的“努力”值得了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这次难忘的经历，我学到了很多。A. contributed捐赠；B. attempted尝试；C. learned学习；D. challenged挑战。根据下文中的“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling toward the same goal.( 当一个人犯了错误时，不要责备他，而是在你为同一个目标奋斗的时候帮助他解决问题)”可知，此处指的是作者在这次难忘的经历中学到了很多道理。故选C项。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们演奏第三首歌时，我突然听到一个意想不到的声音——一个女孩唱的女中音快了。A. instruction说明；B. girl女孩；C. voice嗓音；D. song歌曲。根据下文中的“a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick.”可知，此处指的是“嗓音”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：女中音里的其他学生被那个女孩带错了，他们的速度越来越快。A. driven away赶走；B. led away引走；C. given away赠送；D. turned away避开。根据下文中的“and were getting quicker and quicker”可知，此处指的是小女孩的中音把大家都“带错”了。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们合唱队的领队Mrs Lee注意到了这一点，立即用她的手来合拍子，但她失败了。A. similarly相似地；B. gracefully优雅地；C. regretfully遗憾地；D. immediately马上。根据上文中的“Mrs Lee noticed it”可知，领队Mrs Lee注意到错误后，应该是“马上”做出调整。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们合唱队的领队Mrs Lee注意到了这一点，立即用她的手来合拍子，但她失败了。A. failed失败；B. quit放弃；C. lost丢失；D. struck击打。根据下文中的“After the song the smile on Mrs Lee’s face froze”可知，Mrs Lee的调整应该是“失败”了，表情才会凝重。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：歌曲结束后，Mrs Lee脸上的笑容僵住了，我们的一些成员转过身来，试图找到第一个错的人。A. sick病的；B. wrong错的；C. unique独特的；D. slow慢的。根据上文中的“When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____3____ —a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick.”以及“tried to find the person”可知，此处指的是大家想找出第一个“出错”的人。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子一片空白，但很快我意识到我们唯一能做的就是完成表演。A. arrange安排；B. stop停止；C. complete完成；D. concentrate集中。根据下文中的“We sang the ____10____ song as usual.”可知，此处指的是“完成”整个比赛。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Mrs Lee带着微笑，又变成了指挥，她似乎完全忘记了我们所做的一切。A. conductor指挥；B. singer歌手；C. dancer舞者；D. teacher教师。根据上文中的“Our choir’s leader”以及下文中的“who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done.”可知，此处指的是又开始了“指挥”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们像往常一样唱了最后一首歌。A. same同样的；B. only唯一的；C. first第一个；D. last最后的。根据上文中的“In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song”以及下文中的“After the competition”可知，此处指的是“最后”一首歌曲。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束后，我很失望，仅仅因为一个人的错误，整个合唱团就必须承担我们可能输掉比赛的事实。A. disappointed失望的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. excited激动的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文中的“because of one person’s fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game”可知，作者觉得因为一个人的失误，可能整个合唱团都会失去比赛，所以感到“失望”。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我哭了，但后来我发现，无我们怎么责怪那个唱得不好的女孩，都不会改变结果。A. blamed指责；B. attacked进攻；C. called呼叫；D. alarmed使害怕。根据下文中的“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake”可知，此处指的是“指责”犯错的女孩。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是，我去找她，鼓励她，和她一起练习整首曲子。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead然而；D. Additionally此外。根据上文“I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we ____12____ the girl who played poorly.”和下文中的“I came to her, encouraged her and practiced the whole melody with her.”的句意可知，上下文为因果关系。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在决赛中，由于我们的完美表现，我们获得了奖牌。A. creative有创造力的；B. classic经典的；C. perfect完美的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文中的“In the finals, we got the medal”可知，我们得了奖，由此可知，我们在决赛有“完美”的表现。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你将来和别人一起经历什么，成功或失败，欢笑或泪水，这些都一定会成为你宝贵的财富和记忆。A. strengths优点；B. surprise惊讶；C. sadness伤心；D. memory记忆。根据上文中的“No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, laughter or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure”以及上文中的“Through this unforgettable experience”可知，此处指的是这些是作者一生宝贵的财富和“记忆”。故选D项。
第II卷
第二节(共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout history, mankind have been working hard on the space____36____(explore) to learn more about the universe though it was thought ____37____(possible) before the mid-20th century. However, so many scientists were determined to make the human dream to explore space realized. With the first satellite launched and orbiting around Earth successfully, Yuri became the first astronaut____38____(send) into space in 1961. After that, American astronaut Neil Armstrong succeeded in stepping onto the moon. Although the failure of Challenger was ____39____(disappoint), human beings went on with their desire to explore the universe.
____40____(follow) Russia and America, China became the third country in the world to send humans into space ____41____(independent) in 2003, ____42____ Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth. Since then, China____43____(make) great progress in exploring space. Shenzhou 6 and 7 were sent into space, the Tiangong 2 docked with Tianzhou 1, and Chang’e 4 landed on the moon.
Exploring space has already made____44____difference and has provided the world _____45_____many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s problems.
【答案】36. exploration
37. impossible
38. to be sent
39. disappointing
40. Following
41. independently
42. when 43. has made
44. a 45. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类探索宇宙的几个具有历史意义的重大事件。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：纵观历史，人类一直在努力进行太空探索，以了解更多的宇宙，尽管这在20世纪中叶之前被认为是不可能的。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填名词作介词on的宾语。故填exploration。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。结合句意“尽管在20世纪中期前它被认为是不可能的”可知，此处应填形容词，作为主语补足语，impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着第一颗卫星成功发射并绕地球轨道运行，尤里于1961年成为第一位被送入太空的宇航员。此处考查“序数词+名词+不定式”的结构，其中不定式是名词的后置定语，且astronaut和send之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式，即to be done，故填to be sent。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然挑战者号的失败令人失望，但人类继续探索宇宙的愿望。空处需填形容词作表语，修饰物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故填disappointing。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，杨利伟成功地绕地球轨道飞行，继俄罗斯和美国之后，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。China和follow为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Following。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。此处应填副词来修饰动词send，故填independently。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词2003，在从句“…Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth.”中充当时间状语，用关系副词，故填when。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，中国在探索太空方面取得了巨大进展。神舟六号和七号被送入太空，天宫二号与天舟一号对接，嫦娥四号登陆月球。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语China，助动词用has。故填has made。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：探索太空已经带来了改变，给世界带来了影响。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“提供某物给某人”。故填with。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack知道你校下周有一个关于中国传统文化的讲座，他想来参加，发邮件向你询问有关讲座的信息。请你给他回复一封邮件，告知相关情况，内容包括：
1.讲座的时间和地点；
2.讲座的内容；
3.欢迎他参加。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing that you are interested in the lecture on traditional Chinese culture held in our school, I am more than glad to share with you the detailed information.
The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture. According to the plan, he will first introduce some influential Chinese operas, and following that, he will give us live performance of Yue Opera, which is popular in Zhejiang Province.
You are warmly welcome to attend the lecture.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Jack回复一封邮件，告诉他你校下周一个关于中国传统文化的讲座的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
著名的：famous→well-known
有影响力的：influential→infusive
对……感兴趣：be interested in→show interest in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture.
拓展句：The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, who is a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] According to the plan, he will first introduce some influential Chinese operas, and following that, he will give us live performance of Yue Opera, which is popular in Zhejiang Province. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One summer afternoon when I was about eight years of age, I was looking at a beautiful rainbow that, bending from the sky, seemed to be losing itself in a thick wood about a quarter of a mile distant.
“Do you know, Gracie,” said my brother, who was just recovering from a severe illness, weak and tired, “that if you should go to the end of the rainbow, you would find there precious treasures?”
“Is it truly so?” I asked.
“Truly so,” answered my brother, with a smile but a very serious face.
Now, I was a simple-hearted child who believed everything that was told to me; so, without another word, I rushed out toward the wood. My brother called after me as loudly as he was able to, but I did not take any notice of him.
I cared nothing for the wet grass, on and on I ran. I was so sure that I knew just where that rainbow ended. But when I reached the cedars (雪松林), the end of the rainbow was not there!
Abruptly I saw it shining down among the trees a little farther off; so on and on I struggled, through the thick bushes, till I came within the sound of a stream. I reached the bank of the stream, and I could see it a little way off on the other side. I crossed the stream on a fallen tree, and still ran on, though my muscles were aching and my knees shaking.
Suddenly I met in my way a large porcupine (豪猪). I ran away from him as fast as my tired feet would carry me. In my flight and hurry I forgot to keep my eye on the rainbow, and when, at last, I remembered and looked for it, it was nowhere in sight!
When I saw that it was indeed gone, I burst into tears, for I had lost all my treasures, and had nothing but muddy feet and a wet and torn dress. So I set out for home.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. I lost my way! I was shivering with cold, with my empty stomach rumbling. The night wind howled ruthlessly, nameless creatures murmured in the dark and the moonlight shone weakly on the ground. Filled with fright, I dragged my exhausted body inching forward. Eventually, I sat beside the stream, my arms and legs aching. Regretful for my simple-minded behavior about the missing rainbow and treasures, I burst into tears again.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. The voice came from distance, but I could figure out it was my brother. “Here! Here!” I shrieked at the top of my lung. My weak brother made his way to me, his eyes filled with concern. A sense of apparent relief enveloped me. I threw myself to him and hugged him tightly. Following him, I arrived at home safe and sound finally. Now, it becomes an indispensable memory in my childhood.
Possible version 2
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. All at once I heard voices shouting and hallooing. I was frightened, fearing that some unknown animals were upon me! I could not find my way: I was lost in a wood! I could not tell which was east or west, north or south, but wandered about here and there, crying and calling, though I knew that no one could hear me. I was hungry, cold, scared, —altogether very miserable indeed.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. Then came familiar voices near me. That was my family! Instantly, I tried to respond loudly and urgently, “Here! Here!” Within minutes, my family came into my eyes. Rushing towards them, I threw myself to their warm hugs. In a guilty tone, my brother said, “My poor little sister! I thought you would know I was only quizzing you.” Smiling at him, I said, “There is no treasure at the end of the rainbow. But our family are!”
Possible version 3
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. I couldn't find the previous way! A chill crept over me. With my lips trembling, I was reduced to tears. Hoping to find something more, I still walked through the woods. However, it seemed that the god wasn’t blessing on me. Ultimately, I sat down by the tree with my arms aching. I felt extremely tired and my spirits sank, tears streaming down my cheeks again.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. A wild excitement took hold of my sinking heart. Somebody was looking for me! Rushing forward quickly, I saw it was my brother, who was seized by a burst of anxiety. Seeing me with a big smile, he rushed to me and gave me a long and affectionate hug, eyes beaming with relief. This experience m the summer afternoon gave me a lesson. There was no treasure at the end of the rainbow, but the love between my brother and me.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者听了哥哥的话，认为在彩虹的尽头会找到珍宝，作者向树林里跑去，但是却什么也没有找到，除了泥泞的脚和一件湿漉漉的破衣服。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但我很快发现，我的麻烦才刚刚开始”可知，第一段可描写作者在回家路上遇到的困难。
②由第二段首句内容“最后我听到有人叫我自己的名字”可知，第二段可描写作者在哥哥的帮助下回家。
2.续写线索：冷得发抖——向前挪动——尖叫——到家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①冷得发抖：shivering with cold/tremble with cold
②向前挪动：inch forward/move forward
③尖叫：shriek/scream
④到家：arrive at home/get home
情绪类
①惊恐：filled with fright/in horror
②关切：concern/care
【点睛】[高分句型1]The voice came from distance, but I could figure out it was my brother.（省略了连接词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Following him, I arrived at home safe and sound finally.（用现在分词作状语）
音频无法读取，听力答案：1-5 CBCBB 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 AACAA 16-20 CCBAA
浙江省宁波市奉化区2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Leon want to do this term?
A. Make money. B. Earn more credits. C. Get experience.
2. What is Maggie probably doing now?
A. Eating eggs. B. Doing the laundry. C. Cooking breakfast.
3. What will the woman keep?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A turtle.
4. How does the man sound in the end?
A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Confident.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Grandfather and granddaughter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who is the woman?
A. A shop assistant. B. The man’s wife. C. A cashier.
7. What is the man going to do with the blouse?
A. Return it. B. Pay for it. C. Exchange it.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a museum. B. At a parking lot. C. At a bus station.
9. How long does it take the woman to the park by taxi?
A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 30 minutes.
10. What advice does the man give to the woman?
A. Taking a bus. B. Taking a taxi. C. Walking to the park.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Eric quit?
A. He wants to work close to his parents.
B. He doesn’t get enough paid holidays.
C. He finds a new job with a higher salary.
12. In which country does Eric work?
A. China. B. Finland. C. The U.S.
13. What does Ms. Thomas think of Eric’s job performance?
A. It’s poor. B. It’s ordinary. C. It’s great.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is Tina’s weakest part of learning English?
A. Speaking. B. Writing. C. Reading.
15. What matters most in learning a language according to Colin?
A. Being patient.
B. Making friends with foreigners.
C. Living in an English-speaking country.
16. What does Colin suggest Tina do?
A. Get up earlier to learn.
B. Read newspapers every day.
C. Practice English every morning.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the biggest difference between weak AI and strong AI?
A. Cost. B. Service time. C. Human involvement.
18. Which of the following belongs to strong AI?
A. Apple’s Siri. B. A self-driving car. C. AlphaGo.
19. What is many experts’ attitude toward the future of AI?
A. Supportive. B. Uncertain. C. Depressed.
20. What will be discussed about AI next?
A. The problem to deal with.
B. An example of weak AI.
C. The benefit of it.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Different cultures have their unique celebrations of the calendar New Year's traditions. Now let's learn some of famous New Year's traditions around the world.
The Netherlands
Amsterdam hosts one of the world's largest street parties on New Year's Eve. If you attend, buy some oliebollen to eat at mid-night. It is usually believed that eating these deep fried oily balls wI'll drive away evil spirits in the New Year. Dam Square (the craziest), Nieuwmarkt, and Leidseplein host unofficial street parties with music, fireworks and beer tents. Amsterdam's celebration is not for the casual partier: Some attendants have compared it to a war zone!
Scotland
Celebrating Hogmanay, which stands for the last day of the year, is a big deal in Scotland. It is so grand that it often overshadows Christmas. Christmas was outlawed by the Church of Scotland for nearly four centuries, and it didn't make a comeback until 1958. Though the holiday has regained its popularity, the New Year Festival of Hogmanay still holds a sacred place in Scottish hearts.
Australia
Sydney Harbor hosts one of the biggest New Year's Eve celebrations in the world. It's mid-summer in the southern part of globe, and thousands of people gather around the Opera House in advance. An air-plane show and a water display open the celebration at 6:00 pm. A family-friendly fireworks show starts at 9:00 pm, while the main attraction-the Harbor Light Parade is at midnight.
The United States
Each year, hundreds of thousands of people flock lo New York City to see the Big Apple drop at midnight. This New Year's Eve tradition actually began as a replacement for fireworks, which had been forbidden in New York. In addition to watching balls drop, in other US cities you can watch peaches, giant walleye, and other locally relevant symbols lowered as the clock strikes midnight.
1. What is eating oliebollen mainly related to?
A. History B. Custom C. Literature D. Location
2. Travelers who like to see the show on the water may go to________.
A. Australia B. Scotland C. The Netherland D. The United States
3. The passage may be taken from________?
A. a geographic book B. a travelling research
C. an advertisement D. a tourist brochure
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了荷兰、苏格兰、澳大利亚、美国等国家庆祝新年的活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第二句提到“If you attend, buy some oliebollen to eat at mid-night. It is usually believed that eating these deep fried oily balls will drive away evil spirits in the New Year. ”（如果你参加了，在午夜时买一些荷兰油糖饼吃。人们通常认为，吃这些油炸的糖饼可以在新的一年里驱除邪灵。）由此判断，荷兰人把吃油糖饼作为新年里驱除邪灵的仪式，这是一种新年时的风俗。A. History历史；B. Custom风俗； C. Literature文学；D. Location位置，地点。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。在“澳大利亚”部分的第三句提到“An air-plane show and a water display open the celebration at 6:00 pm.”（下午6点，飞机表演和水上表演拉开了新年庆典活动的序幕。）由此判断，游客想要观看水上表演的可以去澳大利亚。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段提到“Different cultures have their unique celebrations of the calendar New Year's traditions. Now let's learn some of famous New Year's traditions around the world.”（不同的文化有其独特的庆祝新年的传统。现在让我们来了解一些世界各地著名的新年传统。）在接下来的几段中，分别介绍了荷兰、苏格兰、澳大利亚、美国各国庆祝新年的传统。告知游客可以参与及欣赏的新年庆祝活动。由此判断，文章出自于旅游手册。A. a geographic book地理书；B. a travelling research旅游调查；C. an advertisement广告宣传；D. a tourist brochure旅游手册。故选D。
B
Last Monday, I visited Jalan Besar to find a new fan blade for a standing fan that my daughters had broken.
I’d worked in the Jalan Besar area 30 years ago and remembered that there were lots of small hardware shops selling unusual things so I thought that I would have no problem finding a fan blade. However, after walking around for almost an hour, I found out that these shops were no longer around.
When I was ready to give up and go home, I spotted an old-fashioned hardware store. After being greeted by a woman, I explained my predicament. She immediately asked me to show her the broken blade. Out of nowhere, a man who looked to be in his 60s came out.
He asked to see the blade and then disappeared into the shop. He came back with a blade but it did not look the same as what I had in my hand. We compared the two blades and he said that it might work.
I asked him how much it was. He told me that he had taken the blade off an old fan that someone had brought in for repair. He said: “It didn’t cost me anything, so why should I charge you for it?” That really touched me. I took the blade home and it work perfectly! My daughters got a “new” fan for nothing.
When I told them this story, they were shocked as they are used to patronizing big modern shops where everything is transactional and the employees go strictly by the book. Not so much my wife. She is almost in her 60s, and said this reminded her of the kind aunties and uncles who used to run small shops and were always ready to help others when she was growing up.
4. Why did the author go to Jalan Besar?
A. To visit old friends. B. To fix the broken fan.
C. To apply for a job. D. To buy a new fan.
5. What does the underlined word “predicament” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Nervous mood. B. Anxious waiting. C. Difficult situation. D. Embarrassing moments.
6. Which of the following can best describe the old man?
A. Honest and helpful. B. Kind and brave.
C. Determined and curious. D. Open-minded and humorous.
7. How did the author’s wife react to his experience?
A. She thought little of it. B. She was greatly surprised.
C. She couldn’t believe it. D. She remembered the old days.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去商店买风扇的叶片，结果没有买到。一个老人免费给了作者一个能用的叶片，作者非常受感动。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Last Monday, I visited Jalan Besar to find a new fan blade for a standing fan that my daughters had broken.(上周一，我去Jalan Besar为我女儿们弄坏的一个立式风扇找了一个新风扇叶片)”可知，作者去Jalan Besar是为了修理坏掉的风扇。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“I’d worked in the Jalan Besar area 30 years ago and remembered that there were lots of small hardware shops selling unusual things so I thought that I would have no problem finding a fan blade. However, after walking around for almost an hour, I found out that these shops were no longer around.(30年前，我在Jalan Besar地区工作过，记得那里有很多小五金店出售不寻常的东西，所以我想我可以很容易地找到一个风扇叶片。然而，在走了将近一个小时后，我发现这些商店已经不在了)”可知，作者找不到可以买到风扇叶片的商店了，即遇到了困境。故画线词意思是“困境”。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He asked to see the blade and then disappeared into the shop. He came back with a blade but it did not look the same as what I had in my hand. We compared the two blades and he said that it might work.(他要求看一下那叶片，然后就消失在店里了。他拿着一个叶片回来了，但它看起来和我手里的不一样。我们比较了两种叶片，他说可能有用)”以及第五段“He said: “It didn’t cost me anything, so why should I charge you for it?”(他说：“我没花一分钱，为什么要收你钱呢？”)”可推知，老人诚实又乐于助人。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“She is almost in her 60s, and said this reminded her of the kind aunties and uncles who used to run small shops and were always ready to help others when she was growing up.(她已经快60岁了，她说这让她想起了自己成长过程中善良的叔叔阿姨，他们曾经经营着小商店，总是乐于帮助别人)”可知，作者的妻子记得过去的日子。故选D。
C
There is a saying about the south-western Chinese province of Guizhou: “Not three feet of flat land, not three days without rain, not a family with three silver coins.” But,with the help of a spicy sauce, Tao Huabi, also known as “China’s hottest woman”, has well and truly opposed this rule.
Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry,and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots,according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word.In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.
Miranda Brown, professor of Chinese studies at the University of Michigan, who is writing a book on the history of Chinese food, says that in China, Lao Gan Ma’s popularity is mainly because her products are natural. Chinese consumers tend to want foods that perfectly mix regional flavors and use ingredients grown from the soil of those regions. And today Lao Gan Ma is also increasingly popular overseas, especially in the US.
According to its website, the company produces 1.3 million bottles daily, helping the historically poor Guizhou achieve 10. 5% growth—the second fastest of every Chinese province that year, and ahead of the national rate of 6.7%.
As for the godmother herself, an article in Yicai Global describes her as the Queen of a “red kingdom” of chili fields.
8. Why is the saying mentioned in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic of the passage.
B. To serve as background information.
C. To attract the interest of the readers.
D. To describe the present Guizhou.
9. What does the second paragraph focus on?
A. Tao’s growth process. B. Tao’s living conditions.
C. The hardships faced by Tao. D. The development of the company.
10. According to Miranda Brown, what is the reason for Lao Gan Ma’s popularity?
A. Low price. B. Spicy taste.
C. Local ingredients. D. Positive comments.
11. What can we learn from Tao’s story?
A. God helps those who help themselves.
B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Well begun half done.
D. Many hands make light work.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了老干妈辣酱的创始人——陶华碧的故事。介绍了她如何开创老干妈这个品牌并使之风靡全球的经历。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a saying about the south-western Chinese province of Guizhou: “Not three feet of flat land, not three days without rain, not a family with three silver coins.” But with the help of a spicy sauce, Tao Huabi, also known as “China’s hottest woman”, has well and truly opposed this rule.(关于中国西南省份贵州有一种说法：“天无三日晴，地无三尺平，人无三分银。”不过，有中国“最火辣的女人”之称的陶华碧，凭借一种辣味调料完全打破了这条规律。)”可知，第一段对于中国贵州的这么一个说法，是为了介绍陶华碧的成长环境，属于人物背景知识介绍。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry, and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots, according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word. In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.(陶华碧1947年出生于贵州山区一个农村贫困家庭，她在家排行老八，她没有上过学，也不识字。根据微博上的一篇传记，她的童年是在饥饿中度过的，在大饥荒中靠吃植物的根活了下来。丈夫去世后，她搬到了贵阳，开始卖她自己做的酱面。最后，她在20世纪90年代开了一家名叫“实惠饭店”的餐馆。当地新修了一条公路后，许多卡车司机途经贵阳，她给他们免费赠送了几罐辣酱，因此声名远扬。1996年，她在贵阳的一所房子里开了一家工厂，一年后，老干妈风味食品有限公司诞生了。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了陶华碧的成长经历。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Miranda Brown, professor of Chinese studies at the University of Michigan, who is writing a book on the history of Chinese food, says that in China, Lao Gan Ma’s popularity is mainly because her products are natural. Chinese consumers tend to want foods that perfectly mix regional flavors and use ingredients grown from the soil of those regions.(密歇根大学从事中国研究的教授米Miranda Brown正在写一本关于中国美食历史的书。她说，在中国，老干妈受欢迎主要是因为她的产品是纯天然的。中国消费者倾向于选择能完美代表地方美食并使用本地自产配料的食物。)”可知，老干妈受欢迎的主要原因是其产自当地自产的配料。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Born in 1947, the eighth daughter of a poor family in a village of mountainous Guizhou, Tao did not go to school and did not learn to read or write. She spent her childhood hungry, and survived the Great Chinese Famine by eating plant roots, according to a biography on Weibo. When her husband died, she moved to the city of Guiyang and started selling noodles with a sauce that she made herself, She eventually opened the charmingly named Economical Restaurant in the 1990s. When a new highway brought truck drivers to Guiyang, she gave them free jars of the sauce and they spread the word. In 1996, she set a factory up in a house in Guiyang, and a year later Lao Gan Ma Special Flavour Foodstuffs Company was born.(陶华碧1947年出生于贵州山区一个农村贫困家庭，她在家排行老八，她没有上过学，也不识字。根据微博上的一篇传记，她的童年是在饥饿中度过的，在大饥荒中靠吃植物的根活了下来。丈夫去世后，她搬到了贵阳，开始卖她自己做的酱面。最后，她在20世纪90年代开了一家名叫“实惠饭店”的餐馆。当地新修了一条公路后，许多卡车司机途经贵阳，她给他们免费赠送了几罐辣酱，因此声名远扬。1996年，她在贵阳的一所房子里开了一家工厂，一年后，老干妈风味食品有限公司诞生了。)”可知，陶华碧的成功是源自于她自身的努力，即便遭遇人生低谷，她也在不断努力，奋斗，最终取得了成功。选项A“God helps those who help themselves. (天助自助者。)”；选项B“Failure is the mother of success. (失败是成功之母。)”；选项C“Well begun, half done. (好的开始是成功的一半。)”；选项D“Many hands make light work. (人多好办事。)”。选项A最符合文意，故选A。
D
A new research led by University of Pittsburgh psychologists shows that older adults may be able to prevent declines (衰退) in a certain kind of memory by sticking to regular exercise.
From the study, exercising about three times a week for at least four months is how much people need to obtain the benefits in episodic memory. Episodic memory, which is supported by a part of the brain that’s known to benefit from exercise, is the kind that deals with events that happened to you in the past. It’s also one of the first to decline with age.
Exercise that gets the heart pumping has shown promise in increasing brain health, and experiments in mice show that it improves memory — but studies looking at the same link in humans have come out mixed.
During the research, the team read 1,279 studies carefully, eventually narrowing them down to just 36 that met specific criteria (标准). Then they used specialized software and no small number of Excel spreadsheets to transform the data into a form where the different studies could be directly compared. That work paid off when they found that pooling together those 36 studies was enough to show that for older adults, exercise can indeed benefit their memory.
Past analyses looking at connections between exercise and memory didn’t find one, but the team took several extra steps to give them the best chance of finding a link if one did exist. They limited their search to particular groups and age ranges as well as a specific kind of strict experimental setup. Another key was focusing specifically on episodic memory.
With that much larger pool of participants, the team was able to show a link between exercise and episodic memory. The team also found the greatest effects of exercise in those who hadn’t yet experienced any cognitive (认知的) decline.
12. What can we learn about “episodic memory”?
A. It benefits from regular exercise.
B. It has nothing to do with age.
C. It deals with things happening now.
D. It is connected with the whole brain.
13. How did the team get their study result?
A. By carrying out 1,279 studies.
B. By making specific criteria.
C. By doing experiments in mice.
D. By comparing different studies.
14. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. The team got the findings by chance.
B. The participants were chosen from all ages.
C. The study focused on all kinds of memories.
D. People without cognitive decline benefit most from exercise.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Benefits from Regular Exercise
B. Advice on How to Exercise for the Old
C. Studies Find Ways to Improve Memories
D. Exercise Helps the Older Keep Memories
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是匹兹堡大学心理学家领导的一项新研究表明，老年人可以通过坚持定期锻炼来防止某种记忆衰退。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“From the study, exercising about three times a week for at least four months is how much people need to obtain the benefits in episodic memory.(根据这项研究，每周锻炼三次，坚持至少四个月，是人们获得情景记忆益处所需的运动量。)”可知，情景记忆受益于定期锻炼。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“During the research, the team read 1,279 studies carefully, eventually narrowing them down to just 36 that met specific criteria . Then they used specialized software and no small number of Excel spreadsheets to transform the data into a form where the different studies could be directly compared.(在研究过程中，研究团队仔细阅读了1279份研究报告，最终将其缩小到满足特定标准的36份。然后，他们使用专门的软件和大量的Excel电子表格将数据转换成一种可以直接比较不同研究的形式。)”可知，这个团队通过比较不同的研究得到他们的研究结果的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The team also found the greatest effects of exercise in those who hadn’t yet experienced any cognitive decline.(研究小组还发现，锻炼对那些尚未经历任何认知能力下降的人的影响最大。)”可推断出没有认知衰退的人从锻炼中获益最多。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A new research led by University of Pittsburgh psychologists shows that older adults may be able to prevent declines (衰退) in a certain kind of memory by sticking to regular exercise.(匹兹堡大学心理学家领导的一项新研究表明，老年人可以通过坚持定期锻炼来防止某种记忆衰退。)”可知，本文主要讲的是定期锻炼对老年人的记忆有帮助，因此最好的题目是D选项“Exercise Helps the Older Keep Memories(锻炼有助于老年人保持记忆)”，故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve got a lot of information coming at you, or you need to pick up a new skill in a short time, no worries.____16____ To help you do it, we’ve put together a list of things you can do to improve your ability to learn quickly and effectively.
____17____
The right mindset can help you learn more effectively. Try to remind yourself that you’re learning something to improve your knowledge and skills. Think about all of the benefits that come with it. Avoid worst-case thinking and focus on the possible positive outcomes (结果). It can make a huge difference.
Test yourself as often as you can.
It’s a great way to figure out what you need to learn. Go through the information you’re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great! ____18____ If you have access to practice tests, use them to challenge your memory. The more you test yourself, the more confident you’ ll be that you know the information.
Practice a task in different ways to learn more quickly.
Changing the way you practice can help you improve. If you’re trying to learn a task or skill, practice is super important and one of the most effective ways to get better.____19____ Instead, try mixing it up and practicing a different way each time, which can help your mind strengthen your memories, making you learn more quickly.
Exercise regularly.
It’ll improve both your health and your memory. Studies show that regular periods of exercise can significantly improve your memory. Try to get at least 30 minutes each day. Use exercise as a healthy way to take a break from your studies, which will also actually help with your recall. Try out a group fitness class, go for a run or bike ride, or lift some weights.____20____
A. Use mental images to help remember things.
B. Keep a positive attitude when you’re learning.
C. If not, find the right answer and try to remember it.
D. But don’t just practice the same way over and over.
E. Do anything that you feel comfortable doing — just get active!
F. If you test yourself regularly, you will remember what you’ re learning better.
G. The good news is that you can use some strategies to improve your learning ability.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些快速有效提高学习能力方法。
【16题详解】
上文“If you’ve got a lot of information coming at you, or you need to pick up a new skill in a short time, no worries.(如果你有很多信息，或者你需要在短时间内掌握一项新技能，不用担心)”提到，如果需要在短时间内掌握一项新技能，不用担心，空处应是接着说有什么办法可以做到，G项“好消息是，你可以使用一些策略来提高你的学习能力”符合语境，下文“To help you do it(为了帮助你做到这一点)”中的it指代G项中的“improve your learning ability”，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段中“The right mindset can help you learn more effectively.(正确的心态可以帮助你更有效地学习)”以及“Think about all of the benefits that come with it.(想想它带来的所有好处)”可知，本段主要说保持积极的态度，B项“学习的时候保持积极的态度”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
上文“Go through the information you’ re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great!(浏览你想要学习的信息，并问自己有关材料的问题。如果你答对了，太好了)”提到，浏览想要学习的信息，提问有关材料的问题，并接着描述了答对的情况，空处应是描述没有答对的情况，C项“如果没有，找到正确的答案并试着记住它”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Instead, try mixing it up and practicing a different way each time, which can help your mind strengthen your memories, making you learn more quickly.(相反，试着把它们混在一起，每次都用不同的方式练习，这可以帮助你的大脑加强记忆，让你学得更快)”可知，空处与下文是描述相反的情况，D项“但不要只是一遍又一遍地练习同样的方法”符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“Exercise regularly.(定期锻炼)”及空前“Try out a group fitness class, go for a run or bike ride, or lift some weights.(试着参加一个团体健身班，跑步或骑自行车，或者举重)”可知，本段主要讲要定期锻炼，空前列举了一些锻炼形式，E项“做任何你觉得舒服的事情——只要活跃起来！”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
When the host announce that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn’ believe what I heard. All the ____21____that we made was worthwhile. Through this unforgettable experience, I ____22____much.
In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____23____—a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick. The other students in the alto were ____24____by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker. Our choir’s leader, Mrs Lee noticed it and ____25____ used her hand to keep time, but she ____26____.
After the song the smile on Mrs Lee’s face froze and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got ____27____. My mind was blank, but quickly I realized the only thing we could do was to ____28____ the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs Lee became a ____29____again, who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. We sang the _____30_____ song as usual.
After the competition, I was _____31_____ Just because of one person’s fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we_____32_____the girl who played poorly. _____33_____, I came to her, encouraged her and practiced the whole melody with her. In the finals, we got the medal because of our _____34_____ performance.
Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling toward the same goal. No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, laughter or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and_____35_____.
21. A. promises B. efforts C. requirements D. differences
22. A. contributed B. attempted C. learned D. challenged
23. A. Instruction B. girl C. voice D. song
24. A. driven away B. led away C. given away D. turned away
25. A. similarly B. gracefully C. regretfully D. immediately
26. A. failed B. quit C. lost D. struck
27. A. sick B. wrong C. unique D. slow
28. A. arrange B. stop C. complete D. concentrate
29. A. conductor B. singer C. dancer D. teacher
30. A. same B. only C. first D. last
31. A. disappointed B. embarrassed C. excited D. impressed
32. A. blamed B. attacked C. called D. alarmed
33. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Instead D. Additionally
34. A. creative B. classic C. perfect D. advanced
35. A. strengths B. surprise C. sadness D. memory
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者的合唱队在一次比赛时出现失误，全队没有对犯错的人进行指责而是一起面对问题，最终取得成功的故事，作者在这件事情上学到了很多。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所做的一切努力都是值得的。A. promises承诺；B. efforts努力；C. requirements要求；D. differences区别。根据下文故事的描述以及上文“When the host announce that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn’t believe what I heard.(当主持人宣布我的合唱团赢得了世界合唱比赛的第二名时，我简直不敢相信我听到的。)”可知，此处指的是我们的“努力”值得了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这次难忘的经历，我学到了很多。A. contributed捐赠；B. attempted尝试；C. learned学习；D. challenged挑战。根据下文中的“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling toward the same goal.( 当一个人犯了错误时，不要责备他，而是在你为同一个目标奋斗的时候帮助他解决问题)”可知，此处指的是作者在这次难忘的经历中学到了很多道理。故选C项。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们演奏第三首歌时，我突然听到一个意想不到的声音——一个女孩唱的女中音快了。A. instruction说明；B. girl女孩；C. voice嗓音；D. song歌曲。根据下文中的“a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick.”可知，此处指的是“嗓音”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：女中音里的其他学生被那个女孩带错了，他们的速度越来越快。A. driven away赶走；B. led away引走；C. given away赠送；D. turned away避开。根据下文中的“and were getting quicker and quicker”可知，此处指的是小女孩的中音把大家都“带错”了。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们合唱队的领队Mrs Lee注意到了这一点，立即用她的手来合拍子，但她失败了。A. similarly相似地；B. gracefully优雅地；C. regretfully遗憾地；D. immediately马上。根据上文中的“Mrs Lee noticed it”可知，领队Mrs Lee注意到错误后，应该是“马上”做出调整。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们合唱队的领队Mrs Lee注意到了这一点，立即用她的手来合拍子，但她失败了。A. failed失败；B. quit放弃；C. lost丢失；D. struck击打。根据下文中的“After the song the smile on Mrs Lee’s face froze”可知，Mrs Lee的调整应该是“失败”了，表情才会凝重。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：歌曲结束后，Mrs Lee脸上的笑容僵住了，我们的一些成员转过身来，试图找到第一个错的人。A. sick病的；B. wrong错的；C. unique独特的；D. slow慢的。根据上文中的“When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____3____ —a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick.”以及“tried to find the person”可知，此处指的是大家想找出第一个“出错”的人。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子一片空白，但很快我意识到我们唯一能做的就是完成表演。A. arrange安排；B. stop停止；C. complete完成；D. concentrate集中。根据下文中的“We sang the ____10____ song as usual.”可知，此处指的是“完成”整个比赛。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Mrs Lee带着微笑，又变成了指挥，她似乎完全忘记了我们所做的一切。A. conductor指挥；B. singer歌手；C. dancer舞者；D. teacher教师。根据上文中的“Our choir’s leader”以及下文中的“who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done.”可知，此处指的是又开始了“指挥”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们像往常一样唱了最后一首歌。A. same同样的；B. only唯一的；C. first第一个；D. last最后的。根据上文中的“In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song”以及下文中的“After the competition”可知，此处指的是“最后”一首歌曲。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束后，我很失望，仅仅因为一个人的错误，整个合唱团就必须承担我们可能输掉比赛的事实。A. disappointed失望的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. excited激动的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文中的“because of one person’s fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game”可知，作者觉得因为一个人的失误，可能整个合唱团都会失去比赛，所以感到“失望”。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我哭了，但后来我发现，无我们怎么责怪那个唱得不好的女孩，都不会改变结果。A. blamed指责；B. attacked进攻；C. called呼叫；D. alarmed使害怕。根据下文中的“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake”可知，此处指的是“指责”犯错的女孩。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是，我去找她，鼓励她，和她一起练习整首曲子。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead然而；D. Additionally此外。根据上文“I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we ____12____ the girl who played poorly.”和下文中的“I came to her, encouraged her and practiced the whole melody with her.”的句意可知，上下文为因果关系。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在决赛中，由于我们的完美表现，我们获得了奖牌。A. creative有创造力的；B. classic经典的；C. perfect完美的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文中的“In the finals, we got the medal”可知，我们得了奖，由此可知，我们在决赛有“完美”的表现。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你将来和别人一起经历什么，成功或失败，欢笑或泪水，这些都一定会成为你宝贵的财富和记忆。A. strengths优点；B. surprise惊讶；C. sadness伤心；D. memory记忆。根据上文中的“No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, laughter or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure”以及上文中的“Through this unforgettable experience”可知，此处指的是这些是作者一生宝贵的财富和“记忆”。故选D项。
第II卷
第二节(共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout history, mankind have been working hard on the space____36____(explore) to learn more about the universe though it was thought ____37____(possible) before the mid-20th century. However, so many scientists were determined to make the human dream to explore space realized. With the first satellite launched and orbiting around Earth successfully, Yuri became the first astronaut____38____(send) into space in 1961. After that, American astronaut Neil Armstrong succeeded in stepping onto the moon. Although the failure of Challenger was ____39____(disappoint), human beings went on with their desire to explore the universe.
____40____(follow) Russia and America, China became the third country in the world to send humans into space ____41____(independent) in 2003, ____42____ Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth. Since then, China____43____(make) great progress in exploring space. Shenzhou 6 and 7 were sent into space, the Tiangong 2 docked with Tianzhou 1, and Chang’e 4 landed on the moon.
Exploring space has already made____44____difference and has provided the world _____45_____many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s problems.
【答案】36. exploration
37. impossible
38. to be sent
39. disappointing
40. Following
41. independently
42. when 43. has made
44. a 45. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类探索宇宙的几个具有历史意义的重大事件。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：纵观历史，人类一直在努力进行太空探索，以了解更多的宇宙，尽管这在20世纪中叶之前被认为是不可能的。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填名词作介词on的宾语。故填exploration。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。结合句意“尽管在20世纪中期前它被认为是不可能的”可知，此处应填形容词，作为主语补足语，impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着第一颗卫星成功发射并绕地球轨道运行，尤里于1961年成为第一位被送入太空的宇航员。此处考查“序数词+名词+不定式”的结构，其中不定式是名词的后置定语，且astronaut和send之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式，即to be done，故填to be sent。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然挑战者号的失败令人失望，但人类继续探索宇宙的愿望。空处需填形容词作表语，修饰物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故填disappointing。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，杨利伟成功地绕地球轨道飞行，继俄罗斯和美国之后，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。China和follow为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Following。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。此处应填副词来修饰动词send，故填independently。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词2003，在从句“…Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth.”中充当时间状语，用关系副词，故填when。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，中国在探索太空方面取得了巨大进展。神舟六号和七号被送入太空，天宫二号与天舟一号对接，嫦娥四号登陆月球。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语China，助动词用has。故填has made。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：探索太空已经带来了改变，给世界带来了影响。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“提供某物给某人”。故填with。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack知道你校下周有一个关于中国传统文化的讲座，他想来参加，发邮件向你询问有关讲座的信息。请你给他回复一封邮件，告知相关情况，内容包括：
1.讲座的时间和地点；
2.讲座的内容；
3.欢迎他参加。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing that you are interested in the lecture on traditional Chinese culture held in our school, I am more than glad to share with you the detailed information.
The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture. According to the plan, he will first introduce some influential Chinese operas, and following that, he will give us live performance of Yue Opera, which is popular in Zhejiang Province.
You are warmly welcome to attend the lecture.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Jack回复一封邮件，告诉他你校下周一个关于中国传统文化的讲座的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
著名的：famous→well-known
有影响力的：influential→infusive
对……感兴趣：be interested in→show interest in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture.
拓展句：The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, who is a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The lecture is scheduled at 7:00 next Monday evening at the Student Center, which will be delivered by Mr. Wang, a famous expert on traditional Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] According to the plan, he will first introduce some influential Chinese operas, and following that, he will give us live performance of Yue Opera, which is popular in Zhejiang Province. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One summer afternoon when I was about eight years of age, I was looking at a beautiful rainbow that, bending from the sky, seemed to be losing itself in a thick wood about a quarter of a mile distant.
“Do you know, Gracie,” said my brother, who was just recovering from a severe illness, weak and tired, “that if you should go to the end of the rainbow, you would find there precious treasures?”
“Is it truly so?” I asked.
“Truly so,” answered my brother, with a smile but a very serious face.
Now, I was a simple-hearted child who believed everything that was told to me; so, without another word, I rushed out toward the wood. My brother called after me as loudly as he was able to, but I did not take any notice of him.
I cared nothing for the wet grass, on and on I ran. I was so sure that I knew just where that rainbow ended. But when I reached the cedars (雪松林), the end of the rainbow was not there!
Abruptly I saw it shining down among the trees a little farther off; so on and on I struggled, through the thick bushes, till I came within the sound of a stream. I reached the bank of the stream, and I could see it a little way off on the other side. I crossed the stream on a fallen tree, and still ran on, though my muscles were aching and my knees shaking.
Suddenly I met in my way a large porcupine (豪猪). I ran away from him as fast as my tired feet would carry me. In my flight and hurry I forgot to keep my eye on the rainbow, and when, at last, I remembered and looked for it, it was nowhere in sight!
When I saw that it was indeed gone, I burst into tears, for I had lost all my treasures, and had nothing but muddy feet and a wet and torn dress. So I set out for home.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. I lost my way! I was shivering with cold, with my empty stomach rumbling. The night wind howled ruthlessly, nameless creatures murmured in the dark and the moonlight shone weakly on the ground. Filled with fright, I dragged my exhausted body inching forward. Eventually, I sat beside the stream, my arms and legs aching. Regretful for my simple-minded behavior about the missing rainbow and treasures, I burst into tears again.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. The voice came from distance, but I could figure out it was my brother. “Here! Here!” I shrieked at the top of my lung. My weak brother made his way to me, his eyes filled with concern. A sense of apparent relief enveloped me. I threw myself to him and hugged him tightly. Following him, I arrived at home safe and sound finally. Now, it becomes an indispensable memory in my childhood.
Possible version 2
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. All at once I heard voices shouting and hallooing. I was frightened, fearing that some unknown animals were upon me! I could not find my way: I was lost in a wood! I could not tell which was east or west, north or south, but wandered about here and there, crying and calling, though I knew that no one could hear me. I was hungry, cold, scared, —altogether very miserable indeed.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. Then came familiar voices near me. That was my family! Instantly, I tried to respond loudly and urgently, “Here! Here!” Within minutes, my family came into my eyes. Rushing towards them, I threw myself to their warm hugs. In a guilty tone, my brother said, “My poor little sister! I thought you would know I was only quizzing you.” Smiling at him, I said, “There is no treasure at the end of the rainbow. But our family are!”
Possible version 3
Paragraph 1:
But I soon found that my troubles had only begun. I couldn't find the previous way! A chill crept over me. With my lips trembling, I was reduced to tears. Hoping to find something more, I still walked through the woods. However, it seemed that the god wasn’t blessing on me. Ultimately, I sat down by the tree with my arms aching. I felt extremely tired and my spirits sank, tears streaming down my cheeks again.
Paragraph 2:
At last I heard my own name called. A wild excitement took hold of my sinking heart. Somebody was looking for me! Rushing forward quickly, I saw it was my brother, who was seized by a burst of anxiety. Seeing me with a big smile, he rushed to me and gave me a long and affectionate hug, eyes beaming with relief. This experience m the summer afternoon gave me a lesson. There was no treasure at the end of the rainbow, but the love between my brother and me.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者听了哥哥的话，认为在彩虹的尽头会找到珍宝，作者向树林里跑去，但是却什么也没有找到，除了泥泞的脚和一件湿漉漉的破衣服。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但我很快发现，我的麻烦才刚刚开始”可知，第一段可描写作者在回家路上遇到的困难。
②由第二段首句内容“最后我听到有人叫我自己的名字”可知，第二段可描写作者在哥哥的帮助下回家。
2.续写线索：冷得发抖——向前挪动——尖叫——到家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①冷得发抖：shivering with cold/tremble with cold
②向前挪动：inch forward/move forward
③尖叫：shriek/scream
④到家：arrive at home/get home
情绪类
①惊恐：filled with fright/in horror
②关切：concern/care
【点睛】[高分句型1]The voice came from distance, but I could figure out it was my brother.（省略了连接词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Following him, I arrived at home safe and sound finally.（用现在分词作状语）
音频无法读取，听力答案：1-5 CBCBB 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 AACAA 16-20 CCBAA
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