适用于新教材2024版高考英语一轮总复习Unit3Familymatters外研版必修第一册

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必修第一册　Unit3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I grew up in Algeria and as a female,I’ve had to pay an extra price throughout my scientific journey.I knew studying abroad would be key to my success,so I was extremely excited when I won a scholarship to attend a British university for graduate school.But there was one condition:I needed to take an English test.I was fluent in Arabic and French,the languages spoken in Algeria,but I didn’t have a solid grasp of English.I learned it hard but didn’t score high enough to secure entrance.I had to stay in Algeria to complete a master’s degree instead.But I kept learning English on my own.Two years later,I earned a PhD scholarship to study in Switzerland.
Midway through my PhD,a professor remarked,“You are quite productive,but why don’t you publish in the regular journals in our field?” Shocked,I responded,“What do you mean by regular journals?” He gave a few examples of all journals dominated by researchers from the Global North.I had been publishing my papers in specialized,low-impact journals.That was counted as a great achievement in my home country,where even professors struggle to get published.Now,I realized that the scientific accomplishments abroad I was proud of were regarded as below average at best.The professor’s comment heartened me to adjust my research to address issues of broader interest.By the time I graduated,I had started publishing in so-called “regular” journals,which helped me land a postdoctoral degree in Canada.I told all this to the members of my lab,adding that they were privileged to grow up speaking English and have access to tremendous expertise and funding.Facing global inequities,I’ve started to try using a preprint server to integrate an English language proofing (校对) system into its platform,which would connect authors who need language help.We can take steps to make the global scientific community more inclusive.And I want to be part of that push for change.
1.Why was the author unable to go to a British university?
A.She didn’t learn English.
B.She failed the English test.
C.She lacked a master’s degree.
D.She got the lowest entrance score.
2.What does the author think of the comment of the professor in Switzerland?
A.Inspiring. B.Heartless.
C.Regular. D.Confusing.
3.What’s the aim of the preprint server?
A.To establish an English language proofing system.
B.To set up a platform where English authors write.
C.To make the global community more inclusive.
D.To aid those who need help with language.
4.Which words can best describe the author?
A.Honest and athletic.
B.Humble and considerate.
C.Strong-willed and positive.
D.Energetic and sympathetic.
B
(2022山东菏泽期末)
“I’ll be there in a few minutes.I’m playing a game with a friend,a guy named Scuzball,” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room.“Oh,what is Scuzball’s real name?” I asked.“I have no idea,” he said.“Where is he from?” I continued.He responded,“I think somewhere in Canada.Oh,wait;it doesn’t even matter because Scuzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.”
“Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence?”“It doesn’t matter,Dad.It happens all the time!The game continues.” My son doesn’t mind playing with a person or a robot,which is typical of gamers these days.I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.
Aristotle,a great thinker and educator,has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile.Deep friendship,by contrast,is when you care for your friend for his sake,not for any benefit you can get.This is selfless friendship.You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort.You must make sacrifices for each other.
Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”.Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”,as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I’m sick.Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices.But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship.When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick,they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they’d just order soup online.
Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example cases of friendship,like sports,collective arts,free range childhoods,etc.In this way,digital lies produce false friendships.
5.What did the author start the text with?
A.A motto. B.A game.
C.A question. D.A conversation.
6.What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3?
A.Selfish friendship.
B.Selfless sacrifices in life.
C.The meaning of deep friendship.
D.The formation of shallow friendship.
7.What does the author want to tell his students in paragraph 4?
A.Strong bonds are formed easily.
B.Ordering food online is convenient.
C.Robots will have our back in trouble.
D.Virtual friends won’t make real sacrifices.
8.What is the text mainly about?
A.Digitalized friendship.
B.The benefits of digital life.
C.Face-to-face communication.
D.The sacrifices of online friends.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023广东惠州调研)
I’ve thought long and hard about individual books that have changed my life.　1　.But considering books in the broader sense,that’s a different matter;books,by themselves,have most definitely changed my life. 
I still have books from my childhood,treasured and kept safe in a wooden box.I suppose you could say I had favorite authors from a very young age:Richard Scarry was the first.I loved “The Supermarket Mystery” most,which gave me great pleasure.Even then I knew books mattered and as soon as I could write my name correctly,I would claim ownership(所有权) of books.　2　. 
The next milestone on my journey with books probably came when I discovered Enid Blyton.　3　.I read every single one of the “Famous Five”“Secret Seven” and “Adventurous Four” books,but it was her boarding school books that thrilled me as a young girl and sparked a love of escapist fiction. 
That love of escapist fiction has never left me.I never read non-fiction,and my pattern of finding an author I love and then reading every book he or she wrote continues,through Agatha Christie in my teens,to Lee Child as an adult.　4　.When real life gets too much,what better place to seek shelter than the pages of a detective book that takes you away to another place? 
　5　.I studied for a degree in English Literature,and three years spent analyzing texts which I would otherwise not have chosen to read,greatly took the shine off reading.It took me a long time to find my way back to books.J.K.Rowling,I have to say,was a godsend in that respect. 
A.That’s why I love the books
B.My spelling has improved since then
C.Her books turned me into a devoted reader
D.My favorite type is definitely detective fiction
E.The honest answer is that there really aren’t any
F.My passion for reading has benefited me a lot in a long run
G.But my relationship with books hasn’t always been an easy one
Ⅲ.语法填空
The United States has a wide 1.　　　　　　(various) of institutions that provide higher education.There are so many options that it can be difficult for international students 2.　　　　　(understand) the different choices.One of the most common questions 3.　　　　　　(ask) by international students is:What is the difference between a public university and a private university? 
A public university 4.　　　　　　(fund) by the public through the government of that state,while a private university is not.The most obvious difference is the price.Public universities are 5.　　　　　　　　　(expensive) than private universities.Private universities can cost well over $100,000 for a four-year degree.But compared to public universities,private universities tend to be more geographically “diverse”,6.(draw) students from many different states as well as other countries because the tuition is 7.　　　　　　 same price for students regardless of whether or not they live in the state 8.　　　　　　　　 the university is located. 
There are many 9.　　　　　　　(high) reputable private and public universities throughout America.According to US News Best Colleges rankings,the first 19 institutions are private universities.That does not mean that there aren’t reputable public universities in the US.Thus,don’t focus only 10.　　　　　　 the rankings. 

答案：
必修第一册　Unit3
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一位在阿尔及利亚长大的女性为了出国留学,通过自己的不懈努力,获得了在瑞士学习的博士奖学金。后来受瑞士一位教授的鼓舞在常规期刊上发表文章,获得了加拿大博士后学位。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的“...butIdidn’thaveasolidgraspofEnglish.Ilearnedithardbutdidn’tscorehighenoughtosecureentrance.IhadtostayinAlgeriatocompleteamaster’sdegreeinstead.”可知,作者因为英语考试没通过所以没能进入英国的大学学习。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theprofessor’scommentheartenedmetoadjustmyresearchtoaddressissuesofbroaderinterest.”可知,作者因为教授的评论而备受鼓舞。inspiring 鼓舞人心的;heartless无情的;regular规律的;confusing令人困惑的。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Facingglobalinequities,I’vestartedtotryusingapreprintservertointegrateanEnglishlanguageproofingsystemintoitsplatform,whichwouldconnectauthorswhoneedlanguagehelp.”可知,预印本服务器旨在帮助在语言上需要帮助的人们。
4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Iknewstudyingabroadwouldbekeytomysuccess”以及“ButIkeptlearningEnglishonmyown.Twoyearslater,IearnedaPhDscholarshiptostudyinSwitzerland.”可以看出作者意志坚定;根据最后一段的“Wecantakestepstomaketheglobalscientificcommunitymoreinclusive.AndIwanttobepartofthatpushforchange.”可以看出,作者积极乐观。故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现在的友谊变得数字化,失去了原来的面对面友谊的意义。
5.D　推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段的“‘Yourfriendisreplacedbyartificialintelligence?’ ‘Itdoesn’tmatter,Dad.Ithappensallthetime!Thegamecontinues.’”可知,作者通过呈现他和儿子的对话来引出文章的话题。
6.C　主旨大意题。根据第三段“Aristotle,agreatthinkerandeducator,...Thisisselflessfriendship.Youcanhaveonlyacoupleofthesefriendsbecausetheyrequirelotsoftimeandeffort.Youmustmakesacrificesforeachother.”可知,第三段主要解释了深厚友谊的含义。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Presenceinfriendshiprequires...Butitisunclearwhyonline ‘friends’ wouldbothertodothehardworkoffriendship.”可知,作者主要想告诉他的学生,网上的朋友不会做出真正的牺牲,他们无法在你遇到困难的时候给予你支持和帮助。
8.A　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知,文章主要论述了现在的友谊变得数字化,失去了原来的面对面友谊的意义。可知文章的主旨是数字化友谊。故选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对读书的喜爱。
1.E　根据上文“I’vethoughtlongandhardaboutindividualbooksthathavechangedmylife.”可知,作者一直在思考哪些书改变了自己的生活,结合下文“Butconsideringbooks...definitelychangedmylife.”可知,空处与下文是转折关系,应是描述思考的结果,即没有想出有改变了自己生活的书。E项“诚实的回答是,真的没有”符合语境。
2.B　根据上文“EventhenIknewbooksmatteredandassoonasIcouldwritemynamecorrectly,Iwouldclaimownershipofbooks.”可知,作者会拼写自己的名字时就开始在书上写上自己的名字,宣示对书的所有权。B项“从那时起,我的拼写也提高了很多”符合语境,B项中的“then”指代上文的“assoonasIcouldwritemynamecorrectly”。
3.C　根据上文“ThenextmilestoneonmyjourneywithbooksprobablycamewhenIdiscoveredEnidBlyton.”可知,作者发现EnidBlyton的书时对自己来说是一个里程碑,结合下文“Ireadeverysingleoneofthe ‘FamousFive’ ‘SecretSeven’ and ‘AdventurousFour’ books”可知,空处应是描述EnidBlyton的书对作者产生的影响。C项“她的书使我成为一个全心全意的读者”符合语境。
4.D　根据下文“Whenreallifegetstoomuch...toanotherplace?”可知,作者喜欢读侦探类小说。D项“我最喜欢的类型绝对是侦探小说”符合语境。
5.G　根据下文“IstudiedforadegreeinEnglishLiterature...findmywaybacktobooks.”可知,本段是讲述阅读过程中的不易。G项“但我和书的关系并不总是那么容易”符合语境。
Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国私立大学和公立大学的不同之处,以帮助国际留学生做出适合自己的选择。
1.variety　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词作为has的宾语;由a判断此处应用该名词的单数形式。awidevarietyof意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。
2.tounderstand　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定句型“itis+adj.+forsbtodosth”,意为“对于某人来说做某事是……的”;其中it是形式主语,动词不定式是真正的主语。故填tounderstand。
3.asked　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语;逻辑主语Oneofthemostcommonquestions和ask之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词。故填asked。
4.isfunded　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处是主句谓语,结合语境和下文的is判断时态为一般现在时;主语Apublicuniversity和fund之间是动宾关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态;且主语是第三人称单数,故填isfunded。
5.lessexpensive　考查比较级。设空处应填形容词作表语。结合下文的than可知,此处应用该形容词的比较级;根据句意可知,此处意为“不如……贵”;且expensive是多音节词,它的比较级是在前面加less,故填lessexpensive。
6.drawing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语是前面的整个句子,它和draw之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词,故填drawing。
7.the　考查冠词。形容词same通常和定冠词the搭配,thesameprice意为“相同的价格”,故填the。
8.where　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,关系词代替先行词state在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词where,故填where。
9.highly　考查词性转换。分析句子可知,此处应用high的副词形式highly修饰形容词reputable,故填highly。
10.on　考查介词。此处考查固定短语focuson“关注,聚焦在”,故填on。