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山东省潍坊市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省潍坊市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共21页。
潍坊市高考模拟考试
英语
2023.4
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Book Hive
Norwich
As well as being a favourite of celebrities, this is a front-runner for the nation’s prettiest bookshop, with an expansive glass shopfront and colourful art decorating the walls. It’s home to thousands of hand-selected titles, with an especially impressive art-and-design collection. Owner Henry Layte says, “The Book Hive is like an old-fashioned bookshop, but it’s also contemporary, stylish and fun!”
Mr B’s Reading Emporium
Bath
A huge part of the charm (魅力) of this place is Mr B himself — a former bank trader who gave it all up in 2006 to share his passion for the written word. His enthusiasm must be infectious because his staff are similarly cheerful, handwriting personal notes to the overflowing shelves. “You can drop in anytime,” says one employee. “And we pride ourselves on championing lesser-known titles.”
Barter Books
Northumberland
Under the roof of the Victorian Station lie the free-standing bookshelves, homely carpets and open fires that make up Barter Books. In addition to the thousands of second-hand titles in this bookstore, there are more than 40 glass cases housing rare books. Visitors can also see the Writers Mural-life-size literary figures painted high up on the walls. See if you can spot Charlotte Bronte and Charles Dickens.
Much More Books
Shropshire
Situated in the market town Much Wen lock, Much More Books is the epitome (缩影) of an antiquarian shop. Most surprisingly, historic buildings, an inclusive and well-thumbed collection, and even a book-finder service combine to make you feel as if you’ve stepped back a few centuries. Every type is covered, with lots of local-interest titles thrown in. You can even add to your music collection with their selection of vinyls and CDs.
1. What do The Book Hive and Barter Books have in common?
A. They provide second-hand books. B. They are decorated like homes.
C. They have art works on their walls. D. They are favored by big figures.
2. What will impress you most when you enter Much More Books?
A. The music CD. B. The ancient style.
C. The rare antique. D. The dynamic staff.
3. What is the text?
A. An advertisement for books. B. A collection of book reviews.
C. An introduction to well-known writers. D. A recommendation for famous bookshops.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个有特色的著名书店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Book Hive部分中“with an expansive glass shopfront and colourful art decorating the walls.(宽敞的玻璃店面和色彩鲜艳的艺术品装饰着墙壁)”和Barter Books部分中“Visitors can also see the Writers Mural-life-size literary figures painted high up on the walls.(游客还可以看到作家壁画——真人大小的文学人物画在高高的墙上)”可知，两者的共同点是墙上都挂有艺术作品，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Much More Books部分中“Situated in the market town Much Wen lock, Much More Books is the epitome(缩影) of an antiquarian shop. Most surprisingly, historic buildings, an inclusive and well-thumbed collection, and even a book-finder service combine to make you feel as if you’ve stepped back a few centuries.(位于Much Wen lock的Much More Books是一家古董店的缩影。最令人惊讶的是，历史悠久的建筑，包罗万象的收藏，甚至是图书查找服务，都让你感觉好像倒退了几个世纪)”可知，Much More Books的古老风格让人印象深刻，故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了几个有特色的著名书店。故本文是推荐著名的书店，故选D。
B
Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.
“Truly the whole process starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating one dish leads into the creation of many more through the end-to-end use of products. As chefs, they are always searching for the best ingredients. It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.
When they do have waste, even if minimal, they shift it from landfills to transform it into compost (堆肥) that’s then used across the Walt Disney World property. They also support Second Harvest, a local community food bank where healthy produce, prepared, but not served, meals eatable for human consumption are donated. Disney also works with pig farmers when they can’t distribute foods past the point of safety for human consumption. Besides, wildlife reservations love to get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their operations are “on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow” where chefs learn the full-life cycle of plants from seed to plate and gain a better understanding and appreciation for the product and their craft.
Golden Oak at Disney has millions of bees that produce up to 300 pounds of honey per year, plus those bees help with cross pollination (授粉) of their gardens on a daily basis. They advocate a culture that helps develop not only the quality of food, but an appreciation for nature.
4. Where did Michael Gonsalves’ idea about cuisine come from?
A. His mom’s suggestions. B. His dream of becoming a chef.
C. His interest in delicious food. D. His labor experience as a child.
5. How are the ingredients dealt with in Golden Oak?
A. They are grilled to eat. B. They are used to the fullest.
C. They are divided into groups. D. They are selected by quality.
6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Give examples about zero waste.
B. Introduce the unique habit of wildlife.
C. Stress the importance of natural food.
D. Explain the operation mode of the food bank.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Disney World:New Cuisine Road
B. Michael Gonsalves:Creative Chef
C. Michael Gonsalves:Advocate of Food Diversity
D. Disney World:Pioneer in Environmental Protection
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的“零浪费可持续发展模式”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.(Michael Gonsalves是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，他的烹饪理念植根于新鲜的本地食材，从童年和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始，到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式)”可知，Michael Gonsalves的烹饪理念源于他小时候的劳动体验。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.(然后，他们的重点是确保他们欣赏和尊重每一个部分。例如，他们采购的鸡肉是自然生长的，以天然植物饲料喂养，不含激素或添加剂——从简单的烤鸡胸肉到骨汤，这些都在菜单中以多种方式使用。没有什么是浪费的)”可知，金橡树餐充餐厅分利用食材的每一个部分，没有什么浪费。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。第二段末句“Nothing goes to waste.(没有什么会被浪费)”提到餐厅没有什么浪费，结合第三段内容可知，本段是举例说明上文提及的“零浪费”，如把垃圾转化成堆肥，剩余食品捐给当地社区食品银行、与养猪户合作以及投喂给野生动物，故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.(Michael Gonsalves是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，他的烹饪理念植根于新鲜的本地食材，从童年和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始，到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式)”及倒数第二段中“Their operations are ‘on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow’(他们的行为是‘走向未来可持续零浪费厨房的道路’)”可知，本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的“零浪费可持续发展模式”，A项“迪士尼世界：新美食道路”适合作为文章标题。故选A。
C
As winter arrives,the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for drivers.Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂)are one way to deal with such fogging. But they need frequent reapplication. Another approach is to fix within the thing to be demisted a set of electrically powered heating wires. But because of the visual distraction(分心)created，that doesn’t work for a car’s front windscreen.
Iran Hachler and Dimos Poulikakos of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich have,however,come up with another way of warming something up to stop fog forming.Their new material is a coating ten nanometres(纳米)thick.It is flexible，easily made using existing processes,and can be applied as a coating to glass or plastic,or inset inside such materials.Its demisting properties are powered by sunlight.
In effect，it is a gold sandwich.The“bread”of this sandwich is a pair of layers(层)，top and bottom,of a chemical material,each three nanometres thick.The filling is a four-nanometre deep golden material. The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited,while absorbing invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass. Gold acts as a medium in the heating process.The network will now absorb heat if left in the sunshine.The top and bottom layers boost that absorption.
Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is,they claim,four times more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface. It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation incident upon it-which,on a sunny day,increases the temperature of what it is applied to by around 8°C.On a cloudy day,that temperature rise is closer to 3-4°C.But in either case the enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.
The next step,Mr Hachler says,is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is used,the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors,though,the idea might prove a gold mine.
8. What is the disadvantage of anti-misting sprays?
A. They have no lasting effect.
B. They damage the windscreens.
C. They turn the drivers’ attention away.
D. They are constantly powered by electricity.
9. What is the function of the center layer?
A. To save up heat. B. To protect the gold.
C. To produce electricity. D. To heat the windscreens.
10. What can be inferred about the invention from paragraph 4?
A. It is useless on cloudy days.
B. It is unable to work at night.
C. Coated glass absorbs the visible lights.
D. Uncoated glass lowers the temperature by 8°C.
11. What does the author think of the new invention?
A. It is very costly. B. It hits the market well.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It needs further improvement.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说变得更加紧迫。文章介绍了一种新的解决方法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As winter arrives,the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for drivers. Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂)are one way lo deal with such fogging. But they need frequent reapplication.（随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说变得更加紧迫。防雾喷雾剂是处理这种雾的一种方法。但它们需要经常重新应用。）”可知，防雾喷雾剂的缺点是它们没有持久的影响。故选A。
【9题详解】
目的意图题。根据第三段中“The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited, while absorbing invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass. Gold acts as a medium in the heating process.（整个结构让可见光无限制地通过，同时吸收不可见光并将其转化为热量。是填充物使玻璃变暖。金在加热过程中起介质的作用。）”可知，中间层的作用是为了加热挡风玻璃。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is,they claim,four times more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface. It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation incident upon it-which,on a sunny day,increases the temperature of what it is applied to by around 8°C.On a cloudy day,that temperature rise is closer to 3-4°C.But in either case the enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.（他们声称，涂有Hachler先生和Poulikakos博士发明的玻璃在防雾方面的效果是未计数表面的四倍。它吸收了大约30%的太阳辐射，在阳光明媚的日子里，它所处的温度会升高约8摄氏度。在阴天，温度上升接近3-4°C。但在任何一种情况下，增强都足以消除任何已经形成的雾，并防止新的雾形成。）”可知，从第4段可以推断出发明不能在晚上工作。故选B。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据最后一段“The next step,Mr Hachler says,is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is used,the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors,though,the idea might prove a gold mine.（Hachler先生说，下一步是找到产品的最佳市场。尽管使用了黄金，但添加这一额外元素的成本很低。不过，对于这两位发明者来说，这个想法可能是一座金矿。）”可知，作者认为这项新发明是高利润的。故选C。
D
“Adolescent chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are in some sense facing the same psychological characteristics that human teens are,” said Alexandra Rosati,a professor at the University of Michigan. “Our findings show that several key features of human adolescent psychology are also seen in our closest primate relatives.”
The researchers conducted two tests involving food rewards with 40 wild-born chimpanzees in Republic of Congo. The chimpanzees voluntarily participated in the games to receive food treats.
Chimpanzees experience adolescence at about 8 to 15. Like humans, chimpanzees show rapid changes in hormone levels during adolescence,start forming new bonds with companions, show increases in aggression and compete for social status.
In the first test, adolescent and adult chimpanzees could choose between two containers in a gambling (投机) task. One container always contained peanuts, a food that chimpanzees somewhat like. Hidden in the other one was either an unlined food — a cucumber slice — or a favorite food — a banana slice. The chimpanzees could play it safe and get the peanuts, or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber. The chimpanzees’ emotional reactions were recorded, including angers, screams, or sticking on the table.
During several rounds of the test, adolescent chimpanzees took the risky option more often than adult chimpanzees, but adolescents and adults had similar negative reactions when they received cucumber.
The second lest, modeled after the famous “marshmallow test” with human children, examined delayed satisfaction where chimpanzees could receive one banana slice immediately or wait for one minute to receive three slices. Both adolescent and adult chimpanzees chose the greater delayed reward at a similar rate. Human teens lend to be more impulsive (冲动) than adults so they would be more likely to take the immediate reward.
“Prior research indicates that chimpanzees are quite patient compared with other animals, and our study shows that their ability to delay satisfaction is already mature at a fairly young age, unlike in humans,” Rosati said.
Risk-taking behavior in both adolescent chimpanzees and humans appears to be deeply biologically rooted, but increases in impulsive behavior may be specific to human teens.
12. What does the first test aim to find out about chimpanzees?
A. Their problems of emotions. B. The signs of aggression.
C. Their sense of adventure. D. The change in hormone levels.
13. What does the underlined expression “play it safe” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Give it a try. B. Take an action.
C. Play with fire. D. Avoid taking risks.
14. How might chimpanzees feel after getting the cucumber in the experiment?
A. Puzzled. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.
15. What is the finding of the second test?
A. The chimpanzees prefer bananas to any other reward.
B. Human adolescents tend to enjoy the instant satisfaction.
C. Human teens’ ability to delay satisfaction develops better.
D. The chimpanzees are impatient to wait for delayed rewards.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲述研究发现，人类青少年心理的几个关键特征也出现在青少年的黑猩猩身上。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The chimpanzees could play it safe and get the peanuts, or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber.(黑猩猩可以不冒险去吃花生，也可以冒险吃一些非常想吃的香蕉)”及第五段中“During several rounds of the test, adolescent chimpanzees took the risky option more often than adult chimpanzees(在几轮测试中，青少年黑猩猩比成年黑猩猩更常做出冒险的选择)”可知，第一个测试是为了测试黑猩猩的冒险意识。故选C。
【13题详解】
短语猜测题。根据画线词后“or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber(也可以冒险吃一些非常想吃的香蕉，但最后可能会吃到不好吃的黄瓜)”可知，划线词所在句和后面是选择关系，故指“黑猩猩可以不冒险去吃花生”，play it safe意为“避免冒险”，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“but adolescents and adults had similar negative reactions when they received cucumber(但当他们得到黄瓜时，青少年和成年黑猩猩的负面反应相似)”可知，黑猩猩得到黄瓜时表现出负面情绪，故有可能感到失望。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Human teens lend to be more impulsive (冲动) than adults so they would be more likely to take the immediate reward.(人类青少年比成年人更容易冲动，所以他们更有可能接受即时奖励)”可知，人类青少年倾向于享受即时满足，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where streel vendors (小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls (货摊). The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and maybe pick up some items.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. ____16____There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.
The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____17____.
It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.____18____ The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
____19____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____20____.
A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B. There is so much to see, buy and eat.
C. People would complain about the noises here.
D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.
F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand.
G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚的夜市。
【16题详解】
根据下文“There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.(每次去总有一些新的和令人兴奋的事情值得期待)”可知每次去夜市都有新的体验，故F项“根据当前的趋势和市场需求不断增加新产品”符合语境，因为有不断增加的新产品，所以每次去都有新的和令人兴奋的事情。故选F。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说，这里有一个又一个摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和各种各样的蔬菜)”可知，空处应承接上文继续描述夜市出售的食材，G项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.(众所周知，所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏——美味的街头美食)”以及下文“The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.(广受欢迎的大豆饮料和甘蔗汁是这里永恒的特色)”可知，本段是描述夜市的美食，E项“如果不尝尝令人垂涎欲滴的当地菜肴，那就太遗憾了”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle.(因此，这里不适合胆小或温柔的人)”可知，空处是解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因，D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.(在热情的夜晚，夜市确实是一种令人兴奋的体验，也是一场视觉盛宴。气氛几乎是喜庆的)”可知，此处是总结夜市的一些特点，B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合语境，故选B。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题听给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a teenager, I was invited to a formal dance party. I was ____21____, but also nervous about what to wear. Mom suggested I wear high heels (高跟鞋).
“Mom, I don’t know if I can wear these,” I said, feeling ____22____. “Don’t worry, sweetie. Just take small ____23____ and keep your weight centered,” she suggested.
As I arrived at the party, I tried to be ____24____ and act like everything was fine. But ____25____ struck when I stepped onto the dance floor. I ____26____ my own feet, falling to the ground in front of everyone.
I quickly got up and laughed it off, pretending like it was ____27____. But deep down, I felt like a tomato, wanting to ____28____.
My friend Lilly helped me ____29____ that incident and managed me another high heels as a support so that nobody would understand my hesitation. But a little bit _____30_____ continued in my mind.
When I returned home, I told Mom I felt like a complete _____31_____ at the party. “It’s okay. You tried something new, and it didn’t go as _____32_____. But that’s how we learn and grow. Don’t be too _____33_____ on yourself and wear what you feel _____34_____ in,” Mom said, giving me a hug.
From that day forward, I stuck to flat shoes. I learned to _____35_____ my true self and not worry about what others thought.
21. A. surprised B. excited C. relaxed D. satisfied
22. A. unsure B. unsafe C. unusual D. unhappy
23. A. breaks B. turns C. steps D. attempts
24. A. genuine B. polite C. serious D. cool
25. A. danger B. injury C. disaster D. wonder
26. A. landed on B. tripped over C. kicked up D. ran into
27. A. a hot potato B. a big fish C. no luck D. no big deal
28. A. fight B. argue C. disappear D. struggle
29. A. tackle B. avoid C. prevent D. identify
30. A. patience B. bravery C. worry D. anger
31. A. fool B. hero C. stranger D. dancer
32. A. suggested B. expected C. promised D. directed
33. A. dependent B. easy C. careful D. hard
34. A. fashionable B. tight C. comfortable D. special
35. A. analyse B. accept C. trust D. refuse
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者穿高跟鞋参加正式的派对，不幸在大家面前摔倒，虽然得到朋友的帮助缓解了尴尬，但是仍然非常担心，事后妈妈安慰作者不用对自己太过苛刻，作者接受了真实的自己，不再在意他人的看法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，但也很紧张，不知道该穿什么。A. surprised惊喜的；B. excited兴奋的；C. relaxed放松的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“I was invited to a formal dance party”和空后“but also nervous about what to wear”可推知，作者没有穿着方面的经验，应该是初次被邀请去参加正式的派对，所以会很兴奋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是很确定，我说：“妈妈，我不知道我能不能穿这个。”A. unsure不确定的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. unhappy不开心的。根据上文“I don’t know if I can wear these”可知，作者心里有困惑，不确定自己能不能穿高跟鞋。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要小步前进，保持重心。A. breaks休息；B. turns轮次；C. steps步伐；D. attempts尝试。根据上文“high heels”和空后“keep your weight centered”可知，穿高跟鞋走路的时候要小步伐，才能维持好重心。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达派对时，我试图表现得很冷静，表现得好像一切都很好。A. genuine真诚的；B. polite礼貌的；C. serious严肃的；D. cool冷静的。根据空后“act like everything was fine”可知，虽然作者没有经验很紧张，但是仍然尝试表现得冷静沉着。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我踏上舞池时，灾难降临了。A. danger危险；B. injury伤害；C. disaster灾难；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者在大家面前摔倒了，所以是发生了灾难。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我被自己的脚绊了一下，在大家面前摔倒在地。A. landed on登陆；B. tripped over被……绊倒；C. kicked up引起；D. ran into偶然遇见。根据空后“my own feet, falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者没有穿高跟鞋的经验，摔倒应该是被自己的脚给绊倒了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：我赶紧站起来，一笑了之，假装这没什么大不了的。A. a hot potato烫手山芋（棘手的问题）；B. a big fish大人物；C. no luck运气不佳；D. no big deal没什么大不了。根据空前“I quickly got up and laughed it off”可知，作者赶紧一笑了之，应该是在大家面前表现得若无其事，假装不在意摔倒。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，我觉得自己像个番茄，想要消失。A. fight打架；B. argue争论；C. disappear消失；D. struggle拼搏。根据“But”可知，这里和上文有转折，虽然作者装作若无其事，但实际上非常在意，希望消失不见。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友莉莉帮我解决了这个事故，并给我另一双高跟鞋作为支持，这样就没有人会知道我心神不定了。A. tackle处理；B. avoid避免；C. prevent防止；D. identify确认。根据空前“My friend Lilly helped me”可推知，作者的朋友提供了帮助，帮作者处理意外摔倒的事故。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我心里还是有一点担心。A. patience耐心；B. bravery勇敢；C. worry担心；D. anger生气。根据“But”可知，这里和上文有转折，虽然作者的朋友提供了帮助，处理好了作者的事故，但是作者心底还是因为事故有些担忧。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家时，我告诉妈妈我在聚会上觉得自己像个十足傻瓜。A. fool傻瓜；B. hero英雄；C. stranger陌生人；D. dancer舞者。根据上文“falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者在派对上摔倒，心里充满了担忧，所以回家会和妈妈诉说自己的表现像个傻瓜。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你尝试了一些新东西，但效果不如预期。A. suggested建议；B. expected预期；C. promised承诺；D. directed引导。根据空前“You tried something new”和常识可知，尝试新事物的时候，内心有会预期，作者起初希望自己在派对上表现得冷静沉着，但因为摔倒事情并未预期一样。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要对自己太苛刻，穿你觉得舒服的衣服。A. dependent依赖的；B. easy轻松的；C. careful仔细的；D. hard苛刻的。根据上文“It’s okay.”可知，妈妈在安慰作者不要将摔倒的事情放在心上，不用事事要求完美，也就是不用对自己太苛刻。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要对自己太苛刻，穿你觉得舒服的衣服。A. fashionable时尚的；B. tight紧的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. special特别的。根据下文“I stuck to flat shoes”可知，作者放弃高跟鞋穿自己熟悉的平底鞋，所以妈妈应该是让作者穿自己觉得舒服的服装。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了接受真实的自己，而不是担心别人怎么想。A. analyse分析；B. accept接受；C. trust信任；D. refuse拒绝。根据空后“not worry about what others thought”可知，作者不再担心他人的想法，所以应该是接受了自己真实的样子。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Doctors in the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have followed the meal-time habits of more than 500 people for six years, ____36____(find) weight change is most affected by the size and ____37____(frequent) of meals rather than the interval (间隔) from first to last meal. It challenges the popular trend of intermittent fasting (禁食疗方) ____38____ a useful weight loss strategy.
Intermittent fasting, also referred to as time-restricted feeding, is a dietary strategy where all meals ____39____(consume) during a short window of time each day. These windows can extend from 6 to 10 hours, resulting in a person essentially fasting for up to 18 hours each day.
The idea reveals ____40____ is no link between the lime of a person’s eating window each day and weight changes. “Based on other studies that have come out, including ____41____(we), we are starting to think timing of meals most likely doesn’t produce ____42____ instant impact on weight loss,” said doctor Bennett. “What does matter, however, is the total number of medium and large meals a person eats over the day.” It suggests simply eating smaller meals, less frequently, is ____43____ ultimately leads to weight loss.
All of this doesn’t mean intermittent fasting strategies won’t help. But what does seem increasingly clear is that the weight loss benefits occasionally ____44____(see) with these eating strategies may be primarily driven by a reduced caloric intake. It doesn’t mean you can simply eat all you want in a short window each day and still expect _____45_____(lose) weight.
【答案】36. finding
37. frequency
38. as 39. are consumed
40. there 41. ours
42. an 43. what
44. seen 45. to lose
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间，该研究发现挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处用非谓语动词的形式，find是句中have followed the meal-time habit…自然发生的结果，应用find现在分词的形式finding，作结果状语。故填finding。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，空处和size并列，作介词by的宾语，应用frequent的名词形式frequency，表示“（发生的）频率”，是不可数名词。故填frequency。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：它挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。结合常识可知，间歇性禁食常被当作一种有用的减肥策略，空处应用介词as，表示“当作”。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内食用所有食物。句子在解释间歇性禁食的内涵，是一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，where引导的同位语从句时态保持一致，空处作从句的谓语，和主语all meals之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are consumed。
【40题详解】
考查there be句型。句意：该研究表明，一个人每天进食时间的长短和体重变化之间没有联系。分析句子可知，reveals后面接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中表示两者之间没有关联，应用there be句型，空处填there。故填there。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处作介词including的宾语，表示“我们的研究”，应用名词性物主代词。故填ours。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且instant以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：研究表明，减少饮食的量与频率是最终导致体重减轻的原因。分析句子可知，suggests后接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，空处需引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔出现的减肥效果可能主要是由减少热量摄入驱动的。分析句子可知，that引导的表语从句中主要成分完整，空处作benefits的后置定语，且see和benefits之间为被动关系，应用see的过去分词形式seen。故填seen。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不意味着你可以每天在短时间内吃完你想吃的所有东西，然后还期望减肥。分析句子可知，此处用了固定短语expect to do sth.，表示“期待做……”，空处需用lose不定式的形式to lose，作expect的宾语。故填to lose。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Colorful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Martin,
Hearing our school is to green the empty space in front of the new library, I would like to share my suggestions.
Colorful flowers can be planted in the east part where students will enjoy the beauty of nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section providing students with a place to study and relax. Besides, the central part can be covered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture of our school.
Thank you for considering my opinion. I hope our school will become more beautiful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Colorful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
为某人提供某物：provide sb with sth→offer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s more
看法：opinion→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section providing students with a place to study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section which can provide students with a place to study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Colorful flowers can be planted in the east part where students will enjoy the beauty of nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be covered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture of our school.（运用了with复合结构）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I arrived home from school night was falling. A call came from the public: a bird of unknown species was being attacked by a group of noisy children in his front garden. He scared them off and grabbed their victim. I immediately called for my classmate Jack to the spot.
We were standing in front of a stranger’s house in an unfamiliar street, rescue box in hand. My head full of instructions to follow. “The bird would be our first test as a volunteer wildlife rescuer!” Jack said excitedly. We had completed the two-day intensive training course the previous month and learned the basic skills of rescuing animals in various situations.
But we were anxious, too. After all, it was the first time for us to rescue a bird. Would I be able to transfer the bird neatly into my rescue box? Many worries flashed in my mind. Sensing my unease about the act ahead, Jack said, “These things are pretty easy to deal with!”
I was wondering what kind of bird it was when a kind-looking man appeared and led us inside to see our very first patient. I lifted the edge of the shoe box very slightly to see an angry-looking bird standing to attention on very thin and long legs, together with a slice of banana and a small dish of water. He didn’t know its true name but the folks called the creature Red Fan. “It’s eaten some banana,” said the man proudly. The poor soul seemed rather nervous, so l decided not to grab it by hand but just transfer the whole shoe box into my rescue box.
Back home, we could only see some minor injuries in the left wing, but there was no blood on its feathers. Jack managed to treat the injuries with some iodophor (碘伏药水). We assessed its condition to find out if it was appropriate to release the bird the next day. How could we help it spend the night peacefully? We hadn’t seen this species of bird before, let alone its habits.
注意：
1. 续写词数要求应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why not do a search on the Internet?” suggested Jack.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, we were glad to see the bird was well enough.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Why not do a search on the Internet?” suggested Jack. We acted quickly and surfed the Internet to figure out the relevant information about the bird, such as its species and habits. Following the given advice, we put some cotton at the bottom of the box to keep it warm and placed it near the fireplace. In order to recover its energy, we gave it some food and water. The bird looked a bit more comfortable, and soon it fell asleep. Having ensured the bird was in good condition, we felt relieved.
The next day, we were glad to see the bird was well enough. It was singing and bouncing around in the rescue box. Obviously, it had regained its energy! Realizing it was fully ready for freedom, we took the box outside, placed the bird in my palm and petted it softly with mixed feelings. I held the bird up and let it go. The bird was circling above us as if to express gratitude. Jack and I looked at each other with a broad smile, feeling that we were qualified volunteer wildlife rescuers now.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，作者在晚上接到一只未知物种的小鸟被袭击的电话，立即和同学Jack赶到现场，准备利用刚学的野生动物救援的知识和技能进行救助，在和蔼的男人那里两人看到了受伤的小鸟，将它带回家中，对伤口进行了处理，评估第二天是否可以进行放生，但两人不清楚小鸟的物种和习性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Jack建议道：“为什么不在网上搜索一下呢?””可知，第一段可描写作者和Jack在网上搜索小鸟的相关信息，根据信息两人安顿好小鸟，然后可以休息。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我们很高兴看到鸟儿身体很好。”可知，第二段可描写小鸟恢复的具体情况，作者和Jack放生小鸟，两人心情很好。
2.续写线索：Jack建议上网搜资料——两人采取行动查找资料——两人按照资料安顿小鸟——小鸟身体很好——小鸟恢复精力——两人放生小鸟——两人感到轻松和满意
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.快速行动：act quickly/act swiftly/take prompt action/take prompt measures
②.放：put/place/position/set/situate
③.重新获得：recover/regain/retrieve/take back
④蹦跳：bounce/bound/leap/jump
⑤.抚摸：pet/touch/caress/pat/fondle
情绪类
①.放心的：relieved/reassured/eased/alleviated/lessened
②.感激：gratitude/thankfulness/gratefulness/indebtedness
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Having ensured the bird was in good condition, we felt relieved.（现在分词形式作时间状语）
[高分句型2]. Realizing it was fully ready for freedom, we took the box outside, placed the bird in my palm and petted it softly with mixed feelings.（现在分词形式作时间状语，连接词that引导名词性从句作realizing的宾语并被省略）
[高分句型3]. Jack and I looked at each other with a broad smile, feeling that we were qualified volunteer wildlife rescuers now.（现在分词形式作伴随状语，连接词that引导名词性从句作feeling的宾语）
潍坊市高考模拟考试
英语
2023.4
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Book Hive
Norwich
As well as being a favourite of celebrities, this is a front-runner for the nation’s prettiest bookshop, with an expansive glass shopfront and colourful art decorating the walls. It’s home to thousands of hand-selected titles, with an especially impressive art-and-design collection. Owner Henry Layte says, “The Book Hive is like an old-fashioned bookshop, but it’s also contemporary, stylish and fun!”
Mr B’s Reading Emporium
Bath
A huge part of the charm (魅力) of this place is Mr B himself — a former bank trader who gave it all up in 2006 to share his passion for the written word. His enthusiasm must be infectious because his staff are similarly cheerful, handwriting personal notes to the overflowing shelves. “You can drop in anytime,” says one employee. “And we pride ourselves on championing lesser-known titles.”
Barter Books
Northumberland
Under the roof of the Victorian Station lie the free-standing bookshelves, homely carpets and open fires that make up Barter Books. In addition to the thousands of second-hand titles in this bookstore, there are more than 40 glass cases housing rare books. Visitors can also see the Writers Mural-life-size literary figures painted high up on the walls. See if you can spot Charlotte Bronte and Charles Dickens.
Much More Books
Shropshire
Situated in the market town Much Wen lock, Much More Books is the epitome (缩影) of an antiquarian shop. Most surprisingly, historic buildings, an inclusive and well-thumbed collection, and even a book-finder service combine to make you feel as if you’ve stepped back a few centuries. Every type is covered, with lots of local-interest titles thrown in. You can even add to your music collection with their selection of vinyls and CDs.
1. What do The Book Hive and Barter Books have in common?
A. They provide second-hand books. B. They are decorated like homes.
C. They have art works on their walls. D. They are favored by big figures.
2. What will impress you most when you enter Much More Books?
A. The music CD. B. The ancient style.
C. The rare antique. D. The dynamic staff.
3. What is the text?
A. An advertisement for books. B. A collection of book reviews.
C. An introduction to well-known writers. D. A recommendation for famous bookshops.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个有特色的著名书店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Book Hive部分中“with an expansive glass shopfront and colourful art decorating the walls.(宽敞的玻璃店面和色彩鲜艳的艺术品装饰着墙壁)”和Barter Books部分中“Visitors can also see the Writers Mural-life-size literary figures painted high up on the walls.(游客还可以看到作家壁画——真人大小的文学人物画在高高的墙上)”可知，两者的共同点是墙上都挂有艺术作品，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Much More Books部分中“Situated in the market town Much Wen lock, Much More Books is the epitome(缩影) of an antiquarian shop. Most surprisingly, historic buildings, an inclusive and well-thumbed collection, and even a book-finder service combine to make you feel as if you’ve stepped back a few centuries.(位于Much Wen lock的Much More Books是一家古董店的缩影。最令人惊讶的是，历史悠久的建筑，包罗万象的收藏，甚至是图书查找服务，都让你感觉好像倒退了几个世纪)”可知，Much More Books的古老风格让人印象深刻，故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了几个有特色的著名书店。故本文是推荐著名的书店，故选D。
B
Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.
“Truly the whole process starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating one dish leads into the creation of many more through the end-to-end use of products. As chefs, they are always searching for the best ingredients. It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.
When they do have waste, even if minimal, they shift it from landfills to transform it into compost (堆肥) that’s then used across the Walt Disney World property. They also support Second Harvest, a local community food bank where healthy produce, prepared, but not served, meals eatable for human consumption are donated. Disney also works with pig farmers when they can’t distribute foods past the point of safety for human consumption. Besides, wildlife reservations love to get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their operations are “on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow” where chefs learn the full-life cycle of plants from seed to plate and gain a better understanding and appreciation for the product and their craft.
Golden Oak at Disney has millions of bees that produce up to 300 pounds of honey per year, plus those bees help with cross pollination (授粉) of their gardens on a daily basis. They advocate a culture that helps develop not only the quality of food, but an appreciation for nature.
4. Where did Michael Gonsalves’ idea about cuisine come from?
A. His mom’s suggestions. B. His dream of becoming a chef.
C. His interest in delicious food. D. His labor experience as a child.
5. How are the ingredients dealt with in Golden Oak?
A. They are grilled to eat. B. They are used to the fullest.
C. They are divided into groups. D. They are selected by quality.
6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Give examples about zero waste.
B. Introduce the unique habit of wildlife.
C. Stress the importance of natural food.
D. Explain the operation mode of the food bank.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Disney World:New Cuisine Road
B. Michael Gonsalves:Creative Chef
C. Michael Gonsalves:Advocate of Food Diversity
D. Disney World:Pioneer in Environmental Protection
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的“零浪费可持续发展模式”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.(Michael Gonsalves是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，他的烹饪理念植根于新鲜的本地食材，从童年和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始，到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式)”可知，Michael Gonsalves的烹饪理念源于他小时候的劳动体验。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.(然后，他们的重点是确保他们欣赏和尊重每一个部分。例如，他们采购的鸡肉是自然生长的，以天然植物饲料喂养，不含激素或添加剂——从简单的烤鸡胸肉到骨汤，这些都在菜单中以多种方式使用。没有什么是浪费的)”可知，金橡树餐充餐厅分利用食材的每一个部分，没有什么浪费。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。第二段末句“Nothing goes to waste.(没有什么会被浪费)”提到餐厅没有什么浪费，结合第三段内容可知，本段是举例说明上文提及的“零浪费”，如把垃圾转化成堆肥，剩余食品捐给当地社区食品银行、与养猪户合作以及投喂给野生动物，故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.(Michael Gonsalves是迪士尼世界金橡树餐厅的厨师，他的烹饪理念植根于新鲜的本地食材，从童年和母亲在家庭花园收获农产品开始，到最终带领迪士尼世界度假村的厨房采用可持续发展模式)”及倒数第二段中“Their operations are ‘on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow’(他们的行为是‘走向未来可持续零浪费厨房的道路’)”可知，本文主要介绍迪士尼金橡树餐厅采用的“零浪费可持续发展模式”，A项“迪士尼世界：新美食道路”适合作为文章标题。故选A。
C
As winter arrives,the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for drivers.Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂)are one way to deal with such fogging. But they need frequent reapplication. Another approach is to fix within the thing to be demisted a set of electrically powered heating wires. But because of the visual distraction(分心)created，that doesn’t work for a car’s front windscreen.
Iran Hachler and Dimos Poulikakos of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich have,however,come up with another way of warming something up to stop fog forming.Their new material is a coating ten nanometres(纳米)thick.It is flexible，easily made using existing processes,and can be applied as a coating to glass or plastic,or inset inside such materials.Its demisting properties are powered by sunlight.
In effect，it is a gold sandwich.The“bread”of this sandwich is a pair of layers(层)，top and bottom,of a chemical material,each three nanometres thick.The filling is a four-nanometre deep golden material. The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited,while absorbing invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass. Gold acts as a medium in the heating process.The network will now absorb heat if left in the sunshine.The top and bottom layers boost that absorption.
Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is,they claim,four times more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface. It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation incident upon it-which,on a sunny day,increases the temperature of what it is applied to by around 8°C.On a cloudy day,that temperature rise is closer to 3-4°C.But in either case the enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.
The next step,Mr Hachler says,is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is used,the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors,though,the idea might prove a gold mine.
8. What is the disadvantage of anti-misting sprays?
A. They have no lasting effect.
B. They damage the windscreens.
C. They turn the drivers’ attention away.
D. They are constantly powered by electricity.
9. What is the function of the center layer?
A. To save up heat. B. To protect the gold.
C. To produce electricity. D. To heat the windscreens.
10. What can be inferred about the invention from paragraph 4?
A. It is useless on cloudy days.
B. It is unable to work at night.
C. Coated glass absorbs the visible lights.
D. Uncoated glass lowers the temperature by 8°C.
11. What does the author think of the new invention?
A. It is very costly. B. It hits the market well.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It needs further improvement.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说变得更加紧迫。文章介绍了一种新的解决方法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As winter arrives,the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for drivers. Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂)are one way lo deal with such fogging. But they need frequent reapplication.（随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说变得更加紧迫。防雾喷雾剂是处理这种雾的一种方法。但它们需要经常重新应用。）”可知，防雾喷雾剂的缺点是它们没有持久的影响。故选A。
【9题详解】
目的意图题。根据第三段中“The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited, while absorbing invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass. Gold acts as a medium in the heating process.（整个结构让可见光无限制地通过，同时吸收不可见光并将其转化为热量。是填充物使玻璃变暖。金在加热过程中起介质的作用。）”可知，中间层的作用是为了加热挡风玻璃。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is,they claim,four times more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface. It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation incident upon it-which,on a sunny day,increases the temperature of what it is applied to by around 8°C.On a cloudy day,that temperature rise is closer to 3-4°C.But in either case the enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.（他们声称，涂有Hachler先生和Poulikakos博士发明的玻璃在防雾方面的效果是未计数表面的四倍。它吸收了大约30%的太阳辐射，在阳光明媚的日子里，它所处的温度会升高约8摄氏度。在阴天，温度上升接近3-4°C。但在任何一种情况下，增强都足以消除任何已经形成的雾，并防止新的雾形成。）”可知，从第4段可以推断出发明不能在晚上工作。故选B。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据最后一段“The next step,Mr Hachler says,is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is used,the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors,though,the idea might prove a gold mine.（Hachler先生说，下一步是找到产品的最佳市场。尽管使用了黄金，但添加这一额外元素的成本很低。不过，对于这两位发明者来说，这个想法可能是一座金矿。）”可知，作者认为这项新发明是高利润的。故选C。
D
“Adolescent chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are in some sense facing the same psychological characteristics that human teens are,” said Alexandra Rosati,a professor at the University of Michigan. “Our findings show that several key features of human adolescent psychology are also seen in our closest primate relatives.”
The researchers conducted two tests involving food rewards with 40 wild-born chimpanzees in Republic of Congo. The chimpanzees voluntarily participated in the games to receive food treats.
Chimpanzees experience adolescence at about 8 to 15. Like humans, chimpanzees show rapid changes in hormone levels during adolescence,start forming new bonds with companions, show increases in aggression and compete for social status.
In the first test, adolescent and adult chimpanzees could choose between two containers in a gambling (投机) task. One container always contained peanuts, a food that chimpanzees somewhat like. Hidden in the other one was either an unlined food — a cucumber slice — or a favorite food — a banana slice. The chimpanzees could play it safe and get the peanuts, or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber. The chimpanzees’ emotional reactions were recorded, including angers, screams, or sticking on the table.
During several rounds of the test, adolescent chimpanzees took the risky option more often than adult chimpanzees, but adolescents and adults had similar negative reactions when they received cucumber.
The second lest, modeled after the famous “marshmallow test” with human children, examined delayed satisfaction where chimpanzees could receive one banana slice immediately or wait for one minute to receive three slices. Both adolescent and adult chimpanzees chose the greater delayed reward at a similar rate. Human teens lend to be more impulsive (冲动) than adults so they would be more likely to take the immediate reward.
“Prior research indicates that chimpanzees are quite patient compared with other animals, and our study shows that their ability to delay satisfaction is already mature at a fairly young age, unlike in humans,” Rosati said.
Risk-taking behavior in both adolescent chimpanzees and humans appears to be deeply biologically rooted, but increases in impulsive behavior may be specific to human teens.
12. What does the first test aim to find out about chimpanzees?
A. Their problems of emotions. B. The signs of aggression.
C. Their sense of adventure. D. The change in hormone levels.
13. What does the underlined expression “play it safe” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Give it a try. B. Take an action.
C. Play with fire. D. Avoid taking risks.
14. How might chimpanzees feel after getting the cucumber in the experiment?
A. Puzzled. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.
15. What is the finding of the second test?
A. The chimpanzees prefer bananas to any other reward.
B. Human adolescents tend to enjoy the instant satisfaction.
C. Human teens’ ability to delay satisfaction develops better.
D. The chimpanzees are impatient to wait for delayed rewards.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲述研究发现，人类青少年心理的几个关键特征也出现在青少年的黑猩猩身上。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The chimpanzees could play it safe and get the peanuts, or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber.(黑猩猩可以不冒险去吃花生，也可以冒险吃一些非常想吃的香蕉)”及第五段中“During several rounds of the test, adolescent chimpanzees took the risky option more often than adult chimpanzees(在几轮测试中，青少年黑猩猩比成年黑猩猩更常做出冒险的选择)”可知，第一个测试是为了测试黑猩猩的冒险意识。故选C。
【13题详解】
短语猜测题。根据画线词后“or take a chance for some greatly desired banana at the risk of ending up with unappetizing cucumber(也可以冒险吃一些非常想吃的香蕉，但最后可能会吃到不好吃的黄瓜)”可知，划线词所在句和后面是选择关系，故指“黑猩猩可以不冒险去吃花生”，play it safe意为“避免冒险”，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“but adolescents and adults had similar negative reactions when they received cucumber(但当他们得到黄瓜时，青少年和成年黑猩猩的负面反应相似)”可知，黑猩猩得到黄瓜时表现出负面情绪，故有可能感到失望。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Human teens lend to be more impulsive (冲动) than adults so they would be more likely to take the immediate reward.(人类青少年比成年人更容易冲动，所以他们更有可能接受即时奖励)”可知，人类青少年倾向于享受即时满足，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where streel vendors (小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls (货摊). The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and maybe pick up some items.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. ____16____There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.
The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____17____.
It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.____18____ The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
____19____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____20____.
A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B. There is so much to see, buy and eat.
C. People would complain about the noises here.
D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.
F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand.
G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚的夜市。
【16题详解】
根据下文“There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.(每次去总有一些新的和令人兴奋的事情值得期待)”可知每次去夜市都有新的体验，故F项“根据当前的趋势和市场需求不断增加新产品”符合语境，因为有不断增加的新产品，所以每次去都有新的和令人兴奋的事情。故选F。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说，这里有一个又一个摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和各种各样的蔬菜)”可知，空处应承接上文继续描述夜市出售的食材，G项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.(众所周知，所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏——美味的街头美食)”以及下文“The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.(广受欢迎的大豆饮料和甘蔗汁是这里永恒的特色)”可知，本段是描述夜市的美食，E项“如果不尝尝令人垂涎欲滴的当地菜肴，那就太遗憾了”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle.(因此，这里不适合胆小或温柔的人)”可知，空处是解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因，D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.(在热情的夜晚，夜市确实是一种令人兴奋的体验，也是一场视觉盛宴。气氛几乎是喜庆的)”可知，此处是总结夜市的一些特点，B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合语境，故选B。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题听给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a teenager, I was invited to a formal dance party. I was ____21____, but also nervous about what to wear. Mom suggested I wear high heels (高跟鞋).
“Mom, I don’t know if I can wear these,” I said, feeling ____22____. “Don’t worry, sweetie. Just take small ____23____ and keep your weight centered,” she suggested.
As I arrived at the party, I tried to be ____24____ and act like everything was fine. But ____25____ struck when I stepped onto the dance floor. I ____26____ my own feet, falling to the ground in front of everyone.
I quickly got up and laughed it off, pretending like it was ____27____. But deep down, I felt like a tomato, wanting to ____28____.
My friend Lilly helped me ____29____ that incident and managed me another high heels as a support so that nobody would understand my hesitation. But a little bit _____30_____ continued in my mind.
When I returned home, I told Mom I felt like a complete _____31_____ at the party. “It’s okay. You tried something new, and it didn’t go as _____32_____. But that’s how we learn and grow. Don’t be too _____33_____ on yourself and wear what you feel _____34_____ in,” Mom said, giving me a hug.
From that day forward, I stuck to flat shoes. I learned to _____35_____ my true self and not worry about what others thought.
21. A. surprised B. excited C. relaxed D. satisfied
22. A. unsure B. unsafe C. unusual D. unhappy
23. A. breaks B. turns C. steps D. attempts
24. A. genuine B. polite C. serious D. cool
25. A. danger B. injury C. disaster D. wonder
26. A. landed on B. tripped over C. kicked up D. ran into
27. A. a hot potato B. a big fish C. no luck D. no big deal
28. A. fight B. argue C. disappear D. struggle
29. A. tackle B. avoid C. prevent D. identify
30. A. patience B. bravery C. worry D. anger
31. A. fool B. hero C. stranger D. dancer
32. A. suggested B. expected C. promised D. directed
33. A. dependent B. easy C. careful D. hard
34. A. fashionable B. tight C. comfortable D. special
35. A. analyse B. accept C. trust D. refuse
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者穿高跟鞋参加正式的派对，不幸在大家面前摔倒，虽然得到朋友的帮助缓解了尴尬，但是仍然非常担心，事后妈妈安慰作者不用对自己太过苛刻，作者接受了真实的自己，不再在意他人的看法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，但也很紧张，不知道该穿什么。A. surprised惊喜的；B. excited兴奋的；C. relaxed放松的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“I was invited to a formal dance party”和空后“but also nervous about what to wear”可推知，作者没有穿着方面的经验，应该是初次被邀请去参加正式的派对，所以会很兴奋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是很确定，我说：“妈妈，我不知道我能不能穿这个。”A. unsure不确定的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. unhappy不开心的。根据上文“I don’t know if I can wear these”可知，作者心里有困惑，不确定自己能不能穿高跟鞋。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要小步前进，保持重心。A. breaks休息；B. turns轮次；C. steps步伐；D. attempts尝试。根据上文“high heels”和空后“keep your weight centered”可知，穿高跟鞋走路的时候要小步伐，才能维持好重心。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达派对时，我试图表现得很冷静，表现得好像一切都很好。A. genuine真诚的；B. polite礼貌的；C. serious严肃的；D. cool冷静的。根据空后“act like everything was fine”可知，虽然作者没有经验很紧张，但是仍然尝试表现得冷静沉着。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我踏上舞池时，灾难降临了。A. danger危险；B. injury伤害；C. disaster灾难；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者在大家面前摔倒了，所以是发生了灾难。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我被自己的脚绊了一下，在大家面前摔倒在地。A. landed on登陆；B. tripped over被……绊倒；C. kicked up引起；D. ran into偶然遇见。根据空后“my own feet, falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者没有穿高跟鞋的经验，摔倒应该是被自己的脚给绊倒了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：我赶紧站起来，一笑了之，假装这没什么大不了的。A. a hot potato烫手山芋（棘手的问题）；B. a big fish大人物；C. no luck运气不佳；D. no big deal没什么大不了。根据空前“I quickly got up and laughed it off”可知，作者赶紧一笑了之，应该是在大家面前表现得若无其事，假装不在意摔倒。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，我觉得自己像个番茄，想要消失。A. fight打架；B. argue争论；C. disappear消失；D. struggle拼搏。根据“But”可知，这里和上文有转折，虽然作者装作若无其事，但实际上非常在意，希望消失不见。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友莉莉帮我解决了这个事故，并给我另一双高跟鞋作为支持，这样就没有人会知道我心神不定了。A. tackle处理；B. avoid避免；C. prevent防止；D. identify确认。根据空前“My friend Lilly helped me”可推知，作者的朋友提供了帮助，帮作者处理意外摔倒的事故。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我心里还是有一点担心。A. patience耐心；B. bravery勇敢；C. worry担心；D. anger生气。根据“But”可知，这里和上文有转折，虽然作者的朋友提供了帮助，处理好了作者的事故，但是作者心底还是因为事故有些担忧。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家时，我告诉妈妈我在聚会上觉得自己像个十足傻瓜。A. fool傻瓜；B. hero英雄；C. stranger陌生人；D. dancer舞者。根据上文“falling to the ground in front of everyone”可知，作者在派对上摔倒，心里充满了担忧，所以回家会和妈妈诉说自己的表现像个傻瓜。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你尝试了一些新东西，但效果不如预期。A. suggested建议；B. expected预期；C. promised承诺；D. directed引导。根据空前“You tried something new”和常识可知，尝试新事物的时候，内心有会预期，作者起初希望自己在派对上表现得冷静沉着，但因为摔倒事情并未预期一样。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要对自己太苛刻，穿你觉得舒服的衣服。A. dependent依赖的；B. easy轻松的；C. careful仔细的；D. hard苛刻的。根据上文“It’s okay.”可知，妈妈在安慰作者不要将摔倒的事情放在心上，不用事事要求完美，也就是不用对自己太苛刻。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要对自己太苛刻，穿你觉得舒服的衣服。A. fashionable时尚的；B. tight紧的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. special特别的。根据下文“I stuck to flat shoes”可知，作者放弃高跟鞋穿自己熟悉的平底鞋，所以妈妈应该是让作者穿自己觉得舒服的服装。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了接受真实的自己，而不是担心别人怎么想。A. analyse分析；B. accept接受；C. trust信任；D. refuse拒绝。根据空后“not worry about what others thought”可知，作者不再担心他人的想法，所以应该是接受了自己真实的样子。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Doctors in the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have followed the meal-time habits of more than 500 people for six years, ____36____(find) weight change is most affected by the size and ____37____(frequent) of meals rather than the interval (间隔) from first to last meal. It challenges the popular trend of intermittent fasting (禁食疗方) ____38____ a useful weight loss strategy.
Intermittent fasting, also referred to as time-restricted feeding, is a dietary strategy where all meals ____39____(consume) during a short window of time each day. These windows can extend from 6 to 10 hours, resulting in a person essentially fasting for up to 18 hours each day.
The idea reveals ____40____ is no link between the lime of a person’s eating window each day and weight changes. “Based on other studies that have come out, including ____41____(we), we are starting to think timing of meals most likely doesn’t produce ____42____ instant impact on weight loss,” said doctor Bennett. “What does matter, however, is the total number of medium and large meals a person eats over the day.” It suggests simply eating smaller meals, less frequently, is ____43____ ultimately leads to weight loss.
All of this doesn’t mean intermittent fasting strategies won’t help. But what does seem increasingly clear is that the weight loss benefits occasionally ____44____(see) with these eating strategies may be primarily driven by a reduced caloric intake. It doesn’t mean you can simply eat all you want in a short window each day and still expect _____45_____(lose) weight.
【答案】36. finding
37. frequency
38. as 39. are consumed
40. there 41. ours
42. an 43. what
44. seen 45. to lose
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间，该研究发现挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处用非谓语动词的形式，find是句中have followed the meal-time habit…自然发生的结果，应用find现在分词的形式finding，作结果状语。故填finding。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，空处和size并列，作介词by的宾语，应用frequent的名词形式frequency，表示“（发生的）频率”，是不可数名词。故填frequency。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：它挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。结合常识可知，间歇性禁食常被当作一种有用的减肥策略，空处应用介词as，表示“当作”。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内食用所有食物。句子在解释间歇性禁食的内涵，是一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，where引导的同位语从句时态保持一致，空处作从句的谓语，和主语all meals之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are consumed。
【40题详解】
考查there be句型。句意：该研究表明，一个人每天进食时间的长短和体重变化之间没有联系。分析句子可知，reveals后面接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中表示两者之间没有关联，应用there be句型，空处填there。故填there。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处作介词including的宾语，表示“我们的研究”，应用名词性物主代词。故填ours。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且instant以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：研究表明，减少饮食的量与频率是最终导致体重减轻的原因。分析句子可知，suggests后接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，空处需引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔出现的减肥效果可能主要是由减少热量摄入驱动的。分析句子可知，that引导的表语从句中主要成分完整，空处作benefits的后置定语，且see和benefits之间为被动关系，应用see的过去分词形式seen。故填seen。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不意味着你可以每天在短时间内吃完你想吃的所有东西，然后还期望减肥。分析句子可知，此处用了固定短语expect to do sth.，表示“期待做……”，空处需用lose不定式的形式to lose，作expect的宾语。故填to lose。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Colorful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Martin,
Hearing our school is to green the empty space in front of the new library, I would like to share my suggestions.
Colorful flowers can be planted in the east part where students will enjoy the beauty of nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section providing students with a place to study and relax. Besides, the central part can be covered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture of our school.
Thank you for considering my opinion. I hope our school will become more beautiful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Colorful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
为某人提供某物：provide sb with sth→offer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s more
看法：opinion→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section providing students with a place to study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section which can provide students with a place to study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Colorful flowers can be planted in the east part where students will enjoy the beauty of nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be covered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture of our school.（运用了with复合结构）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I arrived home from school night was falling. A call came from the public: a bird of unknown species was being attacked by a group of noisy children in his front garden. He scared them off and grabbed their victim. I immediately called for my classmate Jack to the spot.
We were standing in front of a stranger’s house in an unfamiliar street, rescue box in hand. My head full of instructions to follow. “The bird would be our first test as a volunteer wildlife rescuer!” Jack said excitedly. We had completed the two-day intensive training course the previous month and learned the basic skills of rescuing animals in various situations.
But we were anxious, too. After all, it was the first time for us to rescue a bird. Would I be able to transfer the bird neatly into my rescue box? Many worries flashed in my mind. Sensing my unease about the act ahead, Jack said, “These things are pretty easy to deal with!”
I was wondering what kind of bird it was when a kind-looking man appeared and led us inside to see our very first patient. I lifted the edge of the shoe box very slightly to see an angry-looking bird standing to attention on very thin and long legs, together with a slice of banana and a small dish of water. He didn’t know its true name but the folks called the creature Red Fan. “It’s eaten some banana,” said the man proudly. The poor soul seemed rather nervous, so l decided not to grab it by hand but just transfer the whole shoe box into my rescue box.
Back home, we could only see some minor injuries in the left wing, but there was no blood on its feathers. Jack managed to treat the injuries with some iodophor (碘伏药水). We assessed its condition to find out if it was appropriate to release the bird the next day. How could we help it spend the night peacefully? We hadn’t seen this species of bird before, let alone its habits.
注意：
1. 续写词数要求应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why not do a search on the Internet?” suggested Jack.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, we were glad to see the bird was well enough.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Why not do a search on the Internet?” suggested Jack. We acted quickly and surfed the Internet to figure out the relevant information about the bird, such as its species and habits. Following the given advice, we put some cotton at the bottom of the box to keep it warm and placed it near the fireplace. In order to recover its energy, we gave it some food and water. The bird looked a bit more comfortable, and soon it fell asleep. Having ensured the bird was in good condition, we felt relieved.
The next day, we were glad to see the bird was well enough. It was singing and bouncing around in the rescue box. Obviously, it had regained its energy! Realizing it was fully ready for freedom, we took the box outside, placed the bird in my palm and petted it softly with mixed feelings. I held the bird up and let it go. The bird was circling above us as if to express gratitude. Jack and I looked at each other with a broad smile, feeling that we were qualified volunteer wildlife rescuers now.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，作者在晚上接到一只未知物种的小鸟被袭击的电话，立即和同学Jack赶到现场，准备利用刚学的野生动物救援的知识和技能进行救助，在和蔼的男人那里两人看到了受伤的小鸟，将它带回家中，对伤口进行了处理，评估第二天是否可以进行放生，但两人不清楚小鸟的物种和习性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Jack建议道：“为什么不在网上搜索一下呢?””可知，第一段可描写作者和Jack在网上搜索小鸟的相关信息，根据信息两人安顿好小鸟，然后可以休息。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我们很高兴看到鸟儿身体很好。”可知，第二段可描写小鸟恢复的具体情况，作者和Jack放生小鸟，两人心情很好。
2.续写线索：Jack建议上网搜资料——两人采取行动查找资料——两人按照资料安顿小鸟——小鸟身体很好——小鸟恢复精力——两人放生小鸟——两人感到轻松和满意
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.快速行动：act quickly/act swiftly/take prompt action/take prompt measures
②.放：put/place/position/set/situate
③.重新获得：recover/regain/retrieve/take back
④蹦跳：bounce/bound/leap/jump
⑤.抚摸：pet/touch/caress/pat/fondle
情绪类
①.放心的：relieved/reassured/eased/alleviated/lessened
②.感激：gratitude/thankfulness/gratefulness/indebtedness
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Having ensured the bird was in good condition, we felt relieved.（现在分词形式作时间状语）
[高分句型2]. Realizing it was fully ready for freedom, we took the box outside, placed the bird in my palm and petted it softly with mixed feelings.（现在分词形式作时间状语，连接词that引导名词性从句作realizing的宾语并被省略）
[高分句型3]. Jack and I looked at each other with a broad smile, feeling that we were qualified volunteer wildlife rescuers now.（现在分词形式作伴随状语，连接词that引导名词性从句作feeling的宾语）
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