山东省临沂市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省临沂市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共24页。

临沂市高三教学质量检测考试
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Sam usually order?
A. Coffee. B. Beer. C. Wine.
2. What kind of film does the woman want to watch?
A. Comedy. B. Action. C. Drama.
3. What is the man’s job probably?
A. A doctor. B. A car mechanic. C. A police officer.
4. Why couldn’t the man understand the woman’s aunt?
A She speaks in sign language. B. She speaks with an odd accent.
C. She speaks a different language.
5. What should the man’s son do according to the woman?
A. Become a member of a club. B. Spend more time studying.
C. Take pictures of his friends.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the man working?
A. In a zoo. B. In a library. C. In a computer company.
7. How did the man find the information about his present job?
A. On the Internet. B. From his friend. C. Through an agency.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel?
A. Jealous. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.
9. What is the woman going to do this evening?
A. Play bowling. B. Stay at home. C. Go to the theater.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Take a bath. B. Wash his clothes. C. Join a football team.
11. Which sport did the man play?
A. Rugby. B. Football. C. Table tennis.
12. What is the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Snowy.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What makes the film unique to the woman?
A. It is the woman’s first time producing.
B. There is only one man in the movie.
C. It has great special effects.
14. What type of film is the woman starring in?
A. An action film. B. A romantic comedy. C. A science-fiction film.
15. When will the film be out in the UK?
A. On 21st December. B. On 14th December. C. On 7th December.
16. What is the man probably?
A. A producer. B. A comedian. C. A host.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is Nike launching?
A. A new bag. B. A new pair of shoes. C. A new line of sportswear.
18. Why does Nike release the new product?
A. To increase profits. B. To improve quality. C. To be environmentally friendly.
19. How much water can be saved in Nike’s manufacturing process?
A. 10%. B. 50%. C. 100%.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards Nike?
A. Cautious. B. Confident. C. Anxious.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
With a wave of redesigned eco-friendly hotels opening across the country, it’s time to enjoy a wonderful hotel stay during your travel. Affordable hotels across Australia are lifting the bar without lifting the price tag, as they sharpen their facilities, styling, locations and food in a bid to attract us through the front door. The following are some wonderful hotels for your keen stay during travel.
VOCO MELBOURNE CENTRAL
A stylish new-build hotel lies within Melbourne’s beating heart, with big-city views, windows that actually open, a heated pool and a strong sustainability focus including bedding made from recycled plastics, and bamboo bikes.
From $251, seevocohotels.com
THE BENSON, CAIRNS
For lovers of Americana, the locally-owned, 101-room hotel channels a Miami-Florida beach vibe with a stylish art deco slant, with live music and a rooftop bar, decorated with recycled materials. The four-star, city-centre hotel is five minutes from the esplanade.
From $220, seethebensonhotel.com.au
AC BY MARRIOTT MELBOURNE SOUTHBANK
A Spanish flavour, urbane room design and expansive views over the Melbourne CBD skyline, all set a short tram ride from Flinders St Station, which helps reduce your carbon footprint.
From $220, seeachotelmelbournesouthbank.com
HOLIDAY INN EXPRESS & SUITES, SUNSHINE COAST
Opened in Maroochydore in May, the newest energy-saving HIE includes suites designed for longer stays, with kitchenettes and separate living rooms great for travelling families or couples.
From $239, seeihg.com/holidayinnexpress
1. Which hotel may be the best choice for a music lover?
A. THE BENSON, CAIRNS
B. VOCO MELBOURNE CENTRAL
C. AC BY MARRIOTT MELBOURNE SOUTHBANK
D. HOLIDAY INN EXPRESS & SUITES, SUNSHINE COAST
2. What do these hotels have in common?
A. They all have sea view rooms. B. They all have good reputations.
C. They are all environmentally friendly. D. They are all located in the city center.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel website. B. An art poster.
C. A travel journal. D. A science magazine.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚一些性价比高的环保住宿酒店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的第一句“For lovers of Americana, the locally-owned, 101-room hotel channels a Miami-Florida beach vibe with a stylish art deco slant, with live music and a rooftop bar, decorated with recycled materials.”（ 对于热爱美国文化的人来说，当地人所拥有的101个房间的客房通过以时尚的艺术装饰风格，现场音乐和屋顶酒吧，来营造迈阿密佛罗里达海滩的氛围，它们都是由废旧材料装饰的。）可知，对于音乐爱好者的最好选择是THE BENSON, CAIRNS。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“With a wave of redesigned eco-friendly hotels opening across the country, it’s time to enjoy a wonderful hotel stay during your travel.”（ 随着带有一股重新设计的环保浪潮的酒店在全国各地开业，是时候在旅行中享受美妙的酒店住宿了。）可知，下文要介绍的酒店都是在装修上有环保风格酒店，推断出文中酒店的共同点就是环保。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据每个小标题最后出现的网址，可以推断出这篇文章出自旅游网站。故选A项。
B
A Colorado woman who lost the diamond engagement ring given to her by her fiance shortly before he died was reunited with the precious item weeks later by a man who found it in the mud.
Raquel Aiken said she had just finished a game of tennis in Denver a few weeks ago when she apparently dropped her ring on the ground while fishing her keys out of her purse. She said she didn’t realize what had happened until much later.
Aiken told KDVR-TV about her missing ring, and the story came to the attention of Dude Olguin, an employee at Brewery Bar II in Denver, when he overheard some customers talking about it. Olguin said he wondered if the woman from the story was the owner of the ring he recently found.
“I was getting ready to go to my third job the next day. I was just going to my car, and I just happened to look down,” Olguin told KDVR-TV. “My first reaction, you know, temptation—maybe go pawn it or to find a jeweler to tell me more about it,” he said. “But really, my faith told me just to hold onto it and just wait and listen.”
Olguin asked Aiken to meet him at the restaurant. “He went to his car, and came back with the ring,” Aiken said. “Immediately I was in tears, I couldn’t believe it. It’s a miracle.” She said the return of the ring was especially meaningful. “It definitely reconnected me again with my fiance,” Aiken said. “The fact of where it was found and how it was found and an employee that works here at a place he loves. The whole connection is really, really amazing and a true blessing.”
Olguin declined a reward for the ring’s return. “I told her, the payment for me is our friendship, and we’re going to be lifetime friends,” Olguin said.
4. What caused Aiken to lose the diamond ring?
A. Her forgetfulness. B. Her carelessness.
C. Her broken purse. D. Her playing tennis.
5. What was Olguin’s first reaction after finding the ring?
A. He chose to follow his faith.
B. He wanted to keep it for himself.
C. He wanted to return it to its owner.
D. He asked Aiken to meet him immediately.
6. Why did the diamond ring mean a lot to Aiken?
A. It was a priceless collection. B. It was a symbol of friendship.
C. It reminded her of her fiance. D. It was well designed by her fiance.
7. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The lost diamond ring found in the mud
B. The lost diamond ring returned by a stranger
C. Kindness—a quality to spread in a community
D. Kindness—a quality to pay forward among strangers
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Raquel Aiken不下心遗失了她未婚夫送给她的订婚戒指，Dude Olguin找到了戒指，并最终归还给Aiken。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Raquel Aiken said she had just finished a game of tennis in Denver a few weeks ago when she apparently dropped her ring on the ground while fishing her keys out of her purse. She said she didn’t realize what had happened until much later.(Raquel Aiken表示，几周前，她刚刚在丹佛打完一场网球，显然是在从钱包里掏出钥匙时，戒指掉在了地上。她说她直到很久以后才意识到发生了什么)”可推知，Aiken是因为她的粗心大意才弄丢钻戒的。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““My first reaction, you know, temptation—maybe go pawn it or to find a jeweler to tell me more about it,” he said.(“我的第一反应，你知道，诱惑——也许去典当它，或者找一个珠宝商告诉我更多关于它的事情，”他说)”可知， Olguin发现戒指后的第一反应是想把它据为己有。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“She said the return of the ring was especially meaningful. “It definitely reconnected me again with my fiance,” Aiken said. “The fact of where it was found and how it was found and an employee that works here at a place he loves. The whole connection is really, really amazing and a true blessing.”(她说，戒指的回归特别有意义。艾肯说:“这绝对让我和我的未婚夫再次联系在了一起。”“它是在哪里被发现的，是如何被发现的，以及一名在他喜欢的地方工作的员工。这种联系真的非常非常棒，是一种真正的祝福。”)”可知，这枚钻戒让她和她的未婚夫再次联系在了一起，让她想起了她的未婚夫，所以对她特别有意义。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A Colorado woman who lost the diamond engagement ring given to her by her fiance shortly before he died was reunited with the precious item weeks later by a man who found it in the mud.(科罗拉多州一名女子丢失了未婚夫去世前不久送给她的订婚钻戒，几周后，一名男子在泥泞中找到了这枚珍贵的戒指)”再综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了Raquel Aiken不下心遗失了她未婚夫送给她的订婚戒指，一个陌生男子找到了这枚戒指，并最终归还给她的故事，所以B项“The lost diamond ring returned by a stranger(丢失的钻戒被一个陌生人还回来了)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
C
Scientists estimate that more than 95 percent of Earth’s oceans have never been observed, which means we have seen less of our planet’s ocean than we have the far side of the moon or the surface of Mars. The high cost of powering an underwater camera for a long time, by tying it to a research boat or sending a ship to recharge its batteries, is a steep challenge preventing widespread undersea exploration.
MIT researchers have taken a major step to overcome this problem by developing a battery-free, wireless underwater camera that is about 100,000 times more than other undersea cameras. The device takes color photos, even in dark underwater environments, and transmits image data wirelessly through the water.
The autonomous camera is powered by sound. It transforms mechanical energy from sound waves traveling through water into electrical energy that powers its imaging and communications equipment. After capturing and encoding (编码) image data, the camera also uses sound waves to transmit data to a receiver that reconstructs the image.
Because it doesn’t need a power source, the camera could run for weeks on end before retrieval, enabling scientists to search remote parts of the ocean for new species. It could also be used to capture images of ocean pollution or monitor the health and growth of fish raised in aquaculture farms.
“One of the most exciting applications of this camera for me personally is in the context of climate monitoring. We are building climate models, but we are missing data from over 95 percent of the ocean. This technology could help us build more accurate climate models and better understand how climate change impacts the underwater world,” says Fadel Adib, associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
8. What does paragraph l mainly tell us?
A. The introduction of new batteries.
B. The emphasis on scientists’ leading work.
C. The advertisement for underwater cameras.
D. The difficulty of widespread undersea exploration.
9. How is the camera powered?
A. It is charged by batteries.
B. It uses sound waves to transmit data.
C. It changes sound waves into water energy.
D. It changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.
10. What does the underlined word “retrieval” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Being fetched. B. Being destroyed.
C. Being out of control. D. Being reconstructed.
11. What can we learn about the MIT researchers’ camera?
A. It affects climate change efficiently.
B. It will be widely used in some fields.
C. It will help know more about Mars’ climate.
D. It monitors the health and growth of new species.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了麻省理工学院的研究人员开发了一种无电池的无线水下摄像机，这个水下摄像机除了能帮助科学家们认识海洋偏远地区的新物种，还可用于捕捉海洋污染图像或监测水产养殖场养殖鱼类的健康和生长情况。在气候监测方面，这项技术可以帮助研究人员建立更精确的气候模型，更好地了解气候变化如何影响水下世界。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists estimate that more than 95 percent of Earth’s oceans have never been observed, which means we have seen less of our planet’s ocean than we have the far side of the moon or the surface of Mars. The high cost of powering an underwater camera for a long time, by tying it to a research boat or sending a ship to recharge its batteries, is a steep challenge preventing widespread undersea exploration.”（科学家估计，地球上超过95% 的海洋从未被观测到过，这意味着我们看到的地球海洋比月球背面或火星表面还少。长时间为水下摄像机供电的高成本——将其绑在研究船上或派遣船只给其充电——是一个严峻的挑战，阻碍了大范围的海底勘探）可知，地球上超过95% 的海洋从未被观测到过的原因，其原因是进行大范围的海底勘探要面临着对其水下摄像机供电的高成本的严峻挑战。所以本段主要讲述了对海洋进行大范围的勘测所面临的困难。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The autonomous camera is powered by sound. It transforms mechanical energy from sound waves traveling through water into electrical energy that powers its imaging and communications equipment. ”（自动摄像机是由声音驱动的。它将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为其成像和通信设备提供动力）可知，水下摄像机是将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为其成像和通信设备提供动力。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“Because it doesn’t need a power source, the camera could run for weeks on end”（因为不需要电源，相机可以连续运行几个星期）和下文“enabling scientists to search remote parts of the ocean for new species.”（使科学家能够在海洋的偏远地区寻找新物种）可知，相机由于不用充电，所以可以持续运行好几个星期，帮助研究人员获得研究需要的东西，最后被取回。所以可推知，划线词此处的含义为“被取回”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“enabling scientists to search remote parts of the ocean for new species. It could also be used to capture images of ocean pollution or monitor the health and growth of fish raised in aquaculture farms.”（使科学家能够在海洋的偏远地区寻找新物种。它还可用于捕捉海洋污染图像或监测水产养殖场养殖鱼类的健康和生长情况）可知，这个水下摄像机除了能帮助科学家们认识海洋偏远地区的新物种，还可用于捕捉海洋污染图像或监测水产养殖场养殖鱼类的健康和生长情况。最后一段“One of the most exciting applications of this camera for me personally is in the context of climate monitoring. We are building climate models, but we are missing data from over 95 percent of the ocean. This technology could help us build more accurate climate models and better understand how climate change impacts the underwater world,”（对我个人来说，这种相机最令人兴奋的应用之一是在气候监测方面。我们正在建立气候模型，但是我们丢失了超过95% 的海洋数据。这项技术可以帮助我们建立更精确的气候模型，更好地了解气候变化如何影响水下世界）可知，这种相机最令人兴奋的应用之一是在气候监测方面。可推知，它将在一些领域得到广泛的应用。故选B。
D
An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.
Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures, researchers report on August 25 at arXiv.org.
Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach “could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.
King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages. The tool, also known as a language model, learned how to recognize specific features of language. With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time, given more than 1,000 possibilities. The correct answer was in the AI’s top 10 guesses up to 73 percent of the time, the researchers found.
The new study is “decoding of speech perception, not production,” King notes. Though speech production is the ultimate goal, for now, “we’re quite a long way away.”
12. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
A The principle of human brain activity.
B. The limitation of human brain activity.
C. The definition of the artificial intelligence.
D. The new function of the artificial intelligence.
13. Whom might the AI be beneficial to?
A. People unable to hear. B. People who can’t move around.
C. People who are unconscious. D. People unable to communicate normally.
14. What is the purpose of paragraph 4?
A. To analyze the features of the study. B. To state the significance of the study.
C. To introduce the process of the study. D. To present the achievement of the study.
15. What can we infer about the AI from the passage?
A. It performs well in the speech production.
B. Its accuracy is far from the researchs’ satisfaction.
C It will help patients avoid dangerous brain surgeries.
D. Its language learning ability is beyond expectation.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的新用途——可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这可以用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.(人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，其准确性令人惊讶（尽管仍然有限）。只需要几秒钟的大脑活动数据，人工智能就能猜出一个人听到了什么。研究人员在一项研究中发现，正确答案出现在前10种可能性中的概率高达73% 。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这是人工智能的一项新功能，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures, researchers report August 25 at arXiv.org.(8月25日，研究人员在 arXiv.org 上作的报告称，这种人工智能由脸书的母公司Meta开发，最终可用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。)”可知，人工智能或许对不能正常交流的人有益，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages...With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity...(King 和他的同事们训练了一个计算工具来检测来自53种语言的56000小时的语音记录中的单词和句子……在计算方法的帮助下，研究小组试图用每个人三秒钟的大脑活动数据解码参与者所听到的内容。研究小组指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与大脑活动模式进行匹配……)”可推知，第四段的目的是介绍该研究的过程，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach “could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.(大多数现有的技术，以帮助这些病人沟通需要危险的脑部手术植入电极。这种新方法“可以提供一种实用的途径来帮助病人而不需要使用侵入性的方法，”神经科学家 Jean-Rémi King说，他是巴黎的Meta AI研究员。)”可推知，人工智能技术不需要给病人脑部做手术植入电极，所以说它能帮助病人避免危险的脑部手术。故选C。


第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Enjoying the Charm of the Universe From Your Home
The past year was declared the year of the space billionaires. Virgin Group founder Richard Branson and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos launched themselves into space on rockets owned by their space companies. Founding an airline empire or an e-commerce giant isn’t the only pathway to space, though. ___16___
Boost your vision with a telescope
There are plenty of affordable telescope options for space enthusiasts, says Diana Hannikainen, an editor at Sky & Telescope magazine. ___17___ Just dig out those binoculars (双筒望远镜) from the junk drawer and step outside. You’ll be surprised by the extra things you can see, Hannikainen said.
___18___
Scientists estimate there are nearly 10,000 stars that can be seen in the night sky, which are impossible to navigate without some help. Stargazing apps point you toward constellations (星座), planets and even faraway galaxies. ___19___ Some, such as Star Walk, offer extra information about whatever it is you’re looking at. Our experts also recommended SkySafari, Sky View and Stellarium as the best apps for stargazing.
Join the space fans
___20___ If you’re ready to devote some time and money to observing astronomical objects, get yourself an affordable telescope and join. But you can also pick up some space knowledge with no commitment at all.
Find a local group’s website, Hannikainen suggested. Most clubs host amateur astronomy nights, where enthusiasts set up their equipment and point it toward different spots in the night sky. Visitors can walk among the telescopes, taking in the views and learning from real people. This is a good activity for families, as well, she noted.
A. Become an astrophotographer.
B. Get your bearings with a stargazing app.
C. All you have to do is hold your phone up to the sky.
D. But some of the best shots he’s ever gotten were actually taken with his cell phone.
E. Depending on where you live, there’s probably an amateur astronomy club nearby.
F. Here’s how you too can experience weightlessness in the comforts of your home.
G. But most families don’t need to spend anything at all to get a much better view of the night sky.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在家享受宇宙的魅力。
【16题详解】
空前说“Founding an airline empire or an e-commerce giant isn’t the only pathway to space, though.(不过，建立航空帝国或电子商务巨头并不是通往太空的唯一途径。)”，由空后的小标题“Boost your vision with a telescope(用望远镜扩大你的视野)”和“Join the space fans(加入太空迷的行列)”可知，空格处应说还有一些其他的方法可以通往太空，F选项“Here’s how you too can experience weightlessness in the comforts of your home.(以下是如何在舒适的家中体验失重的方法。)”可以引出下文的体验太空的方法，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
空前说“There are plenty of affordable telescope options for space enthusiasts, says Diana Hannikainen, an editor at Sky & Telescope magazine.(《天空与望远镜》杂志的编辑Diana Hannikainen说，对于太空爱好者来说，有很多价格实惠的望远镜可供选择。)”，空后说“Just dig out those binoculars (双筒望远镜) from the junk drawer and step outside.(把那些双筒望远镜从垃圾桶里翻出来，然后出去。)”，因此空格处要说不需要买太贵的望远镜，G选项“But most families don’t need to spend anything at all to get a much better view of the night sky.(但大多数家庭根本不需要花任何钱就能看到更好的夜空。)”说明了不用花钱买望远镜，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的“Stargazing apps point you toward constellations (星座), planets and even faraway galaxies.(观星应用程序可以让你看到星座、行星甚至遥远的星系。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要利用一些应用来观察星座，B选项“Get your bearings with a stargazing app.(用一个观星应用来确定你的方位。)”说明了用观星的应用来观星，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
【19题详解】
空前说“Stargazing apps point you toward constellations (星座), planets and even faraway galaxies.(观星应用程序可以让你看到星座、行星甚至遥远的星系。)”，空格处应说该如何用这些应用程序，C选项“All you have to do is hold your phone up to the sky.(你所要做的就是把手机举向天空。)”说明了怎样使用这种程序，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
本段小标题是“Join the space fans(加入太空迷的行列)”，说明本段主要讲加入一些太空迷的组织，空后说“If you’re ready to devote some time and money to observing astronomical objects, get yourself an affordable telescope and join.(如果你准备投入一些时间和金钱来观察天文物体，那就给自己买一个负担得起的望远镜，加入吧。)”，空格处应提到某种俱乐部，E选项“Depending on where you live, there’s probably an amateur astronomy club nearby.(根据你住的地方，附近可能有一个业余天文俱乐部。)”提出了附近可能有业余天文俱乐部，其中的“amateur astronomy club”和空后的“join”相呼应，也和标题中的“Join the space fans”相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Leticia Gonzalez in Liberal, Kansas, wanted her 10-year-old daughter, Luna to have the best birthday ever. She had Luna ___21___ a birthday wish list and fastened it to a balloon, sending it off into the sky. “I just thought it was a cute and ___22___ way to celebrate a birthday, ___23___ the usual way of eating a birthday cake,” Gonzalez told the reporter.
About a month later, a grandfather living more than 650 miles away found a red balloon tangled in a downed tree. He ___24___ picked up the balloon. “I saw a note ___25___ to it. It was Luna’s birthday wish list,” Bamburg said.
Bamburg instantly knew the ___26___ was important to the little girl who wrote it. ___27___, he and his wife posted it on Facebook, where he said it “spread like wildfire.”
Within 24 hours, Bamburg found out that the balloon came from Gonzalez and her daughter. He also heard from many friends who wanted to help him ___28___ the list. “And we got all the ___29___ we could—the puppy was the hardest to find,” he said.
Yes, Luna’s list ___30___ included a puppy—and Bamburg, determined to get her one.
In April, after months of searching, Bamburg found the ___31___ dog. He and his wife drove toward Kansas. There, the once strangers ___32___ gifts. “I just feel like we are family now,” Bamburg said. “When they took the puppy, they just ___33___ us with food and gifts.”
Bamburg said the sweet reaction from the girl ___34___ his heart. Both he and Gonzalez hope sharing their ___35___ shows how a kind gesture from a stranger can spread joy to countless others.
21. A. make B. follow C. choose D. predict
22. A. generous B. significant C. different D. reliable
23. A. in case of B. other than C. apart from D. regardless of
24. A. secretly B. suddenly C. finally D. immediately
25. A. attached B. submitted C. addicted D. exposed
26. A. list B. birthday C. balloon D. way
27. A. Somehow B. Therefore C. Anyway D. Moreover
28. A. rebuild B. continue C. prepare D. fulfill
29. A. efforts B. aids C. answers D. gifts
30. A. partly B. still C. also D. just
31. A. expensive B. perfect C. special D. real
32. A. distributed B. donated C. exchanged D. showed
33. A. filled B. satisfied C. showered D. communicated
34. A. pleased B. comforted C. reached D. warmed
35. A. experience B. lesson C. adventure D. impression
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bamburg通过自己的行为帮助一个小女孩实现了她的生日愿望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让卢娜做了一个生日愿望清单，把它系在一个气球上，然后把它送上了天空。A. make制作；B. follow跟随；C. choose选择；D. predict预测。结合下文“a birthday wish list”可知，此处指她让孩子制作了一个生日愿望清单。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gonzalez告诉记者：“我只是觉得这种庆祝生日的方式很可爱，与平时吃生日蛋糕的方式不同。”A. generous慷慨的；B. significant重要的；C. different不同的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“　3　　　the usual way of eating a birthday cake”可知，这种庆祝生日的方式与平常的吃生日蛋糕的庆祝方式不同。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. in case of以防；B. other than不同于；C. apart from除了……外；D. regardless of不管；不顾。结合上文“fastened it to a balloon, sending it off into the sky”可知，这种庆祝生日的方式是与平常的方式不同。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻捡起了气球。A. secretly秘密地；B. suddenly突然地；C. finally最后；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“a grandfather living more than 650 miles away found a red balloon tangled in a downed tree”可知，这位爷爷看到气球缠在倒下的树上，结合常识应是他把气球马上捡起来。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到一张纸条附在上面。A. attached系；绑；B. submitted提交；C. addicted上瘾；D. exposed暴露。结合上文“ a birthday wish list and fastened it to a balloon”可知，此处指气球上绑着一张纸条。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bamburg立刻意识到这个气球对写这个清单的小女孩来说很重要。A. list清单；B. birthday生日；C. balloon气球；D. way方式。根据上文“It was Luna’s birthday wish list,”可知，此处指这个清单上的内容对写下愿望清单的女孩很重要。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他和他的妻子在 Facebook 上发布了这个消息，他说这个消息“像野火一样蔓延开来”。A. Somehow不知怎么的；B. Therefore因此；C. Anyway无论如何；D. Moreover而且。根据上文“Bamburg instantly knew the 　7　　was important to the little girl who wrote it.”及下文“ he and his wife posted it on Facebook”可知，因为知道这对女孩很重要，因此他和妻子就在 Facebook 上发布了这个消息。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还收到了许多朋友的来信，他们想帮助他完成这份名单。A. rebuild重建；B.continue继续；C. prepare准备；D. fulfill完成。根据上文“It was Luna’s birthday wish list”及“many friends who wanted to help him”可知，此处指 Bamburg的朋友想帮助实现清单里的愿望。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们得到了所有我们能得到的礼物——小狗是最难找到的,”他说。A. efforts努力；B. aids帮助；援助；C. answers答案；D. gifts礼物。根据上文“It was Luna’s birthday wish list”可知，这个愿望清单上写的是小女孩希望得到的礼物。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：是的，卢娜的名单上还包括一只小狗——所以Bamburg决心要给她找到一只理想的小狗。A. partly部分地；B. still仍旧；C. also也；D. just仅仅。根据下文“ included a puppy”可知，除了我们能完成的礼物之外，她的清单中也想要一只小狗。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四月，经过几个月搜寻，Bamburg找到了一只理想的狗。A. expensive昂贵的；B. perfect完美的；理想的；C. special特别的；D. real真的。根据上文“the puppy was the hardest to find”及“after months of searching”可知，此处指经过几个月的寻找，终于找到了符合小女孩愿望清单上的小狗。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，曾经的陌生人交换了礼物。A. distributed分发； B. donated赠送； C. exchanged交换； D. showed显示。根据上文“He and his wife drove toward Kansas.” 和下文“When they took the puppy, they just 　　13　us with food and gifts.”可知，他们驾车到堪萨斯是为了把小狗给小女孩，并且也收到了礼物，所以此处指在堪萨斯，他们交换了礼物。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bamburg说：“当他们带走小狗的时候，他们送给我们大量的食物和礼物。”A. filled装满； B. satisfied使满意； C. showered大量地给； D. communicated交流。shower sb. with sth.“大量地给……“，结合句意，这里指在女孩一家人收到这个小狗的时候，他们给了我们很多的礼物和食物。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bamburg说，女孩的甜蜜反应温暖了他的心。A. pleased使高兴；B. comforted安慰；C. reached到达；D. warmed使温暖。根据上文“ ththe sweet reaction from the girl ”可知，女孩的反应让Bamburg的心里感到温暖。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和Gonzalez都希望通过分享他们的经历来展示一个陌生人的善意举动是如何将快乐传递给无数其他人。A. experience经历；B. lesson教训；C. adventure探险；D. impression印象。根据上文内容，可知Bamburg用行动帮助女孩实现了她的生日愿望，这个经历展示了善意可以把快乐传递给无数的人。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, Chinese tech giants Alibaba, Bytedance and Tencent ___36___ (release) a new set of low latency streaming ___37___ (standard) to provide users with a better video streaming experience on mobile platforms.
In recent years, there has been a ___38___ (continuous) increasing demand from mobile users for real-time broadcasting with low potential for streaming events, such as sports games, online courses and e-commerce. ___39___, regardless of the actual network speeds, these live streaming events can experience significant delays. When ___40___ (watch) a live soccer game on a mobile phone, users will often see the goal occur later than a TV audience.
___41___ (base) on the technology of Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC, 网页即时通信), most of the current streaming systems are provided with real-time communications. But WebRTC does not define the process of the signaling interaction ___42___ (it), as each streaming platform uses its own interaction logic ___43___ (move) between the client and the server.
According to the companies, the new open standard will reduce these traditional time lags, ___44___ can be anywhere from three to six seconds long ___45___ less than one second, so as to provide users with more timely broadcasting.
【答案】36. have released
37. standards
38. continuously
39. However
40. watching
41. Based 42. itself
43. movement
44. which 45. to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近，中国科技巨头阿里巴巴、字节跳动和腾讯发布了一套新的低延迟流媒体标准，为用户在移动平台上提供更好的视频流媒体体验。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：最近，中国科技巨头阿里巴巴、字节跳动和腾讯发布了一套新的低延迟流媒体标准，为用户在移动平台上提供更好的视频流媒体体验。空处在句中作谓语，由recently可以，应用现在完成时，主语是复数，故填have released。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：最近，中国科技巨头阿里巴巴、字节跳动和腾讯发布了一套新的低延迟流媒体标准，为用户在移动平台上提供更好的视频流媒体体验。此处应用名词作宾语，且由a set of可知，“标准”不止一个，应用复数形式，故填standards。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：近年来，移动用户在体育比赛、在线课程和电子商务等流媒体事件中对低延迟的实时广播需求不断地日益增长。形容词increasing应用副词来修饰，故填continuously。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，不管实际的网络速度如何，这些直播流事件都会经历显著的延迟。前后是转折关系，应用副词however，作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当用手机观看现场足球比赛时，用户通常会比电视观众更晚地看到比赛。当状语从句和主句是同一主语时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，此处when引导的状语从句主语和主句主语为同一个主语——users，此处表示正在观看，所以从句应用现在进行时，从句省略了users和are，且users和watch为主动关系，故填watching。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：基于网页即时通信技术，目前大多数流媒体系统都提供了实时通信。句中有谓语，且前后无连词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，be based on为固定搭配，意为“基于”，所以应用过去分词based作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Based。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：但是网页即时通信并没有定义信令交互本身的过程，因为每个流平台都使用自己的客户端和服务器之间的交互逻辑移动。此处表示“信令交互本身”应用反身代词itself，故填itself。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：但是网页即时通信并没有定义信令交互本身的过程，因为每个流平台都使用自己的客户端和服务器之间的交互逻辑移动。此处应用名词movement(移动)作宾语，且此处表示“移动”为抽象名词，是不可数，故填movement。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：根据这些公司的说法，新的开放标准将减少这些传统的时间延迟，这些时间延迟可以在任何地方从3-6秒到1秒不到的时间，从而为用户提供更及时的广播。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词these traditional time lags，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用which来引导，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据这些公司的说法，新的开放标准将减少这些传统的时间延迟，这些时间延迟可以在任何地方从3-6秒到1秒不到的时间，从而为用户提供更及时的广播。from...to...固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，故填to。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 你校落实教育部“每位学生掌握1至2项运动技能”的要求，为全校学生开设丰富的体育课程。请你给学校英文报写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 选择的课程及原因；
2. 个人的收获及感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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【答案】In order to build up our bodies, our school has set up a variety of sport courses for us students to choose. Faced with so many alternatives, I chose the volleyball course without hesitation because I always dream of becoming a volleyball player.
Under the guidance of my PE teacher and through my painstaking practice, I have mastered the skills of playing volleyball. Meanwhile, I have made more friends.
As far as I am concerned, the volleyball course has not only shaped my strong figure but also made me more optimistic and confident. I hope our school will carry out more similar beneficial courses in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“你校落实教育部‘每位学生掌握1至2项运动技能’的要求，为全校学生开设丰富的体育课程”一事，给学校英文报写一篇短文，内容包括：1. 选择的课程及原因；2. 个人的收获及感受。
详解】1.词汇积累
建立：set up→establish/build up
选择：choose→select
掌握：master→get the hang of
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to build up our bodies, our school has set up a variety of sport courses for us students to choose.
拓展句：Our school has set up a variety of sport courses for us students to choose, which will help us to build up our bodies,
【点睛】【高分句型1】Faced with so many alternatives, I chose the volleyball course without hesitation because I always dream of becoming a volleyball player. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】I hope our school will carry out more similar beneficial courses in the future. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kindness can bring more kindness
Human beings are not just judged by the way we treat each other, but by the way we treat any creature that is powerless.
Martin was living on the streets in Bucaramanga, Colombia when a stranger noticed him at a local park. The passerby was so touched by what he saw that he filmed it.
The passerby saw Martin sitting on some concrete steps with two dogs wearing party hats. Martin pulled a small cake out of a plastic bag. He clapped his hands, sang happy birthday and petted his beloved companions. He lit two candles on the cake while his dogs observed him, and he gave them each a kiss on the cheek.
He then gave a slice of cake to each of his dogs on paper plates. As they ate together, Martin wiped tears from his eyes and petted his dogs some more.
After witnessing the sweet birthday party, the passerby walked up to Martin and asked him about his dogs. He learned that Martin had two dogs, Shaggy and Nena, and that they were celebrating Shaggy’s birthday.
He learned Martin had escaped an abusive home and had been living on the streets for the past several years. Shaggy and Nena were his only family and, even while he was homeless, Martin did everything he could to take care of them. “In so many years living on the street I was never alone,” Matin explained. “My dogs were always there to bring joy to many sad days.”
“My dog was celebrating his birthday,” Martin said again, “and I wanted to give him a quarter of a chicken, but I didn’t have enough money for that. Then I saw a lady who was going to throw away a cake and I told her to give it to me. She handed it to me, saying, ‘Take it, son, you make better use of it than I do.’”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The kind passerby shared the video of Shaggy’s birthday party on social media.
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Greatly touched by the strangers’ good deeds, Martin decided to pay the kindness forward.
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【答案】 The kind passerby shared the video of Shaggy’s birthday party on social media. The video spread rapidly and the park became a gathering place for animal lovers. Someone gave him a phone and encouraged him to set up his own Instagram page. He did so, and today Martin has more than 175,000 followers. Martin’s compassion for his dogs touched the lives of his neighbors, and they helped Martin find a place to live with Shaggy and Nena, which completely changed his life.
Greatly touched by the strangers’ good deeds, Martin decided to pay the kindness forward. And now together with some friends, Martin spent his time volunteering and helping rescue animals living on the streets. And he also called on more people to donate extra food or supplies and set up shelters for them. So far he has helped more than one thousand homeless animals find their new homes. “My dream is to be able to use my voice to help save and rescue homeless animals,” Martin said. There’s nothing stronger than love. It’s incredible to see kindness can bring more kindness.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位路人被街上的一幕所感动而拍下了整个过程，那一幕是一个叫Martin的人为自己的狗过生日，路人了解到Martin逃离了一个受虐待的家庭，在过去的几年里一直住在街上，只有两只狗相伴，Martin觉得有狗陪伴自己，自己从不孤单，狗过生日，Martin想给它买鸡，但是却没钱，Martin看到一位女士正想扔掉一块蛋糕，就上前索要，女士给了他那块蛋糕。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“好心的路人在社交媒体上分享了Shaggy生日派对的视频。”可知，第一段视频的传播给Martin和他的两只狗所带来的改变。
②由第二段首句内容“Martin被这些陌生人的善举深深打动，决定将这种善意传递出去。”可知，第二段可描写Martin是如何将善意传递出去的。
2.续写线索：建立Instagram页面——邻居为他们找到住处——Martin做志愿者救狗——Martin呼吁人们捐赠——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①创建个人主页：set up one's page/build up one's page
②救：rescue/save
③呼吁某人做某事：call on sb. to do/appeal to sb. to do sth.
情绪类
①同情：compassion/sympathy
②感动：touch/move

【点睛】[高分句型1] Martin’s compassion for his dogs touched the lives of his neighbors, and they helped Martin find a place to live with Shaggy and Nena, which completely changed his life. (由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] And now together with some friends, Martin spent his time volunteering and helping rescue animals living on the streets. (由动名词作宾语以及现在分词作后置定语)