专题22 代词四大类11个要点（清单）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习高效复习（全国通用）

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考点清单一、it的用法 P2
考点清单二、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词用法 P3
考点清单三、指示代词用法 P4
考点清单四、不定代词用法 P5
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P7
分类训练（二）单句改错（高考真题） P7
分类训练（三）单句填空（模拟试题） P8
分类训练（四）语法填空（外刊原创） P9
北京多方准备妥善安置受灾民众 P9
【代词考点思维导图】
考点清单一、it的用法
要点精讲1：
要点精讲2：
限时训练一：结合语境用适当的词填空。
1. (全国2012II)Sarah made t the airprt just in time t catch her plane this mrning.
2. (陕西2012) N matter where he is, he makes _____a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast.
3. It was alng the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much f his childhd.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if yu wuld like t teach me hw t use the cmputer.
5.Will yu see t _____ that my birds are well lked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I gt back t my apartment that I first came acrss my new neighbrs．
7.Susan made _________clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself．
8.____ is impssible fr us t finish the design befre Natinal Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
10. ________ is n wnder that he failed the exam.
限时训练二：用含it句型翻译下列各句。
11.____________________(我突然想到) I had left my key at hme.
12. ____________________(真可惜) he missed the first flight.
13. ____________________(争吵没有用) with him; he will never listen.
14.I ____________________(清楚表明) he had nthing t d with the matter.
15. ____________________(在午夜) that I gt back hme yesterday.
考点清单二、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词用法
要点精讲1：
Yu, he and I are in different classes. 你、他和我都在不同班级。
Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with jy. 让我迎接挑战，我会欣然接受。
He invited sme friends f his t his party. 他邀请了他的一些朋友参加宴会。
The child lked at himself in the mirrr with interest. 那个孩子饶有兴趣地看着镜子里的自己。
要点精讲2：反身代词
①基本用法
反身代词eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(作宾语\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(动宾：Tm taught himself Chinese., 汤姆自学了汉语。,介宾：Yu can’t leave the baby by himself., 你不能留下孩子一个人。)),作表语：She is nt quite herself tday., 她今天不在状态。,作同位语：I myself can repair the bike., 我自己能修那辆自行车。))
②常见搭配
限时训练一：在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
16.Jim’s name is n the umbrella. It must belng t ________(he).
17.We must keep reminding _________(we) that it is easier t get int smething than it is t get ut f it.
18. Our neighbrs gave _____(we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______(it) when it fell frm its nest.
19. Catherine bught a pstcard f the place she was visiting, addressed _________t________ (she) and then psted it at the nearby pst ffice.
20. Treat _________t a glass f wine t help yu relax at the end f the day.
限时训练二：完成句子。
21. It's time smebdy taught yu hw t ______________(表现得体).
22. ______________(随便吃) sme shrimp. It's fresh.
23. Wn't yu take a seat and ______________(别客气)?
24. Yu take everything t seriusly! Relax and ______________(玩得开心).
25. After he has retired, he will ______________(致力于) gardening.
考点清单三、 指示代词用法
要点精讲：
限时训练：在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
26. (全国2012II) Sarah made ______ t the airprt just in time t catch her plane this mrning.
27. (浙江2012) Studying Wendy's menu, I fund that many f the items are similar t ______ f McDnald's.
28.(福建2011)We have varius summer camps fr yur hlidays. Yu can chse ______ based n yur wn interests.
29. (辽宁2009) ______ is the pwer f TV that it can make a persn suddenly famus.
30. (山东2010) Helping thers is a habit, _______ yu can learn even at an early age.
31. (重庆2011)--Silly me! I frget what my luggage lks like.
--What d yu think f ______ ver there?
32.At ur factry there are a few machines similar t _______ described in this magazine.
33. Mr Zhang gave the textbks t all the pupils except _________wh had already taken them.
34. My pen is missing. I still haven’t fund _________. I want t buy a new _______.
35. The infrmatin n the Internet gets arund much mre rapidly than ________ in the newspaper.
考点清单四、不定代词用法
要点精讲1：each, bth, all等不定代词用法
限时训练一：结合语境用bth, all, either, neither, nne, nthing填空。
26. My brther wuld like t buy a gd watch but _______was available frm that shp. (江西2012)
27.---Wuld yu like tea r cffee?
---_______ , thank yu. I've just had sme water. (辽宁2011)
28. Of all the bks n the desk, __________is f any use fr ur study. (四川2006)
29. They prduced tw reprts, ______ f which cntained any useful suggestins. (上海2011春)
30. Yu may drp in r just give me a call. _______ will d. (安徽2006)
31.Bth teams were in hard training; __________was willing t lse the game.
32. I made a call t my parents yesterday. T my disappintment, _______ f them answered it.
33.On _________ side/On _______sides f the rad were green fields and sme farm huse.
34 –Hw d yu find yur classmates?
–Mst f them are kind, but ______ is s gd t me as Bruce.
35. He had lst his temper and his health in the war and never fund _______ f them again．
限时训练二：结合语境用smething, anything, nthing, everything填空。
36. (全国2017)I agree with mst f what yu said, but I dn’t agree with _________.
37. (全国2011II)I gt this bicycle fr _________: My friend gave it t me when she bught a new ne.
38. (四川2011)There is _________ in his wrds. We shuld have a try.
39. (湖南2011)I knw that_________ wuld ever discurage him; he wuld never give up wanting t be a directr.
40. She culdn't see r hear_________ at all.
限时训练三：结合语境用ther, thers, anther, the ther, the thers填空。
41. Recycling is ne way t prtect the envirnment; reusing is________. (重庆2013)
42. I'll spend half f my hliday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing. (全国2010 I)
43. The manager believes prices will nt rise by __________ fur percent. (四川2008)
44. Bth sides have accused _________f breaking the cntract. (上海2006春)
45.It is very necessary that children shuld be taught hw t get alng with_________.
46.Jack is hard-wrking and intelligent. In _________ wrds, I can’t speak t highly f him.
47. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and ______ animals.
48. There are five language labs here. One is n the secnd flr and _________ are in the third flr.
49. T warm himself, the sailr sat in frnt f the fire rubbing ne bare ft against _______.
50. I dn't knw any French peple _________ than yu.
要点精讲2：
限时训练四：结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。
51.I try t visit my parents every ________ weeks.
52.He was advised t smke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer.
53.But after the phne call, the jurnalist prmised t ask ________ friends t teach him.
54.New drivers have twice as ________many accidents as experienced drivers.
55.Teenagers wh are addicted t the Internet are ________ likely t suffer frm depressin
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）
1.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f 42 (they) cntents.
2.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening ____________ (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
3.（2022北京卷）Since peple can’t always eat ut r ck fr __________ (they), they get takeut r rder delivery.
4.(2021浙江6月卷)She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ____________ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.
5.(2021新高考I卷)As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____________ (I).
6.(2020·新高考卷)As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine __________ (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
7.(2019北京卷) Nervusly facing challenges, I knw I will whisper t ________ (I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
8.(2018全国III) When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad t find ________ (they) alive.
9.（2018浙江卷）Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap _________ can be t eat ut.
10.(2017浙江卷) Pahlssn screamed s ludly that her daughter came running frm the huse. “She thught I had hurt ___________ (I),” says Pahlssn.
分类训练（二）单句改错（高考真题）
11.（2023全国甲卷）In that class, Miss Zha, ur bilgy teacher, shwed we insects n stamps.
12.（2023全国乙卷）Last Friday my mm decided t clr his hair.
13.（2022全国甲卷）My father ften tk me t his hspital when I was ff my schl.
14.（2022全国甲卷）With the effrts made by all sides, we (my father and I) began t understand each ther better.
15.（2022全国乙卷）When yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt causing air pllutin.
16.（2021全国乙卷）Sme will turn t their parents r teachers fr help. Only a little chse t deal with the prblems n their wn.
17.（2020全国I卷）“Nt that way,” my mm tried t stp us but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn ut as I had wished.
18.（2020全国I卷）Best f luck with yurs learning kung fu in China. See yu sn.
19.（2019全国I卷）Frm nw n, I started t play my ftball with classmates after schl. I am a gd player nw.
20.（2019全国III卷）In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment that is created fr them.
分类训练（三）单句填空（模拟试题）
21. The cst f renting a huse in central Xi’an is higher than ________ in any ther area f the city.
22. Cars d cause us sme health prblems —in fact far mre serius _______ than mbile phnes d.
23. Yu are the team star! Wrking with _____________is really yur cup f tea.
24. Bicycles made in Shanghai are better than _________ made in Beijing.
25. I want t buy a pair f sprts shes, _________ at a prper price, but f gd quality.
26.---Ww! Yu’ve gt s many clthes.---But_________ f them are in fashin nw．
27.—Hw many students are in the classrm? ---_________.
28.T knw mre abut the British Museum, yu can use the Internet r g t the library, r _______.
29. The fact that she was freign made _____difficult fr her t get a jb in that cuntry.
30. One f the mst imprtant questins they had t cnsider was _____ f public health.
分类训练（四）语法填空（外刊原创）
Beijing readies shelters, relcates fld victims
China Daily | Updated: 2023-08-02 07:17
Hundreds f thusands f peple 1 (affect) by heavy rain and flding in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regin have been relcated t temprary shelters, authrities said n Tuesday.
2 (cntinue) rainfall between Saturday night and 6 am n Tuesday affected mre than 44,600 peple in 13 districts f Beijing and prmpted the relcatin f arund 127,000 peple.
Beijing's muntainus Mentugu district, 3 has experienced severe flding, has set up several shelters t prvide temprary accmmdatins and daily necessities fr flded 4 (resident).
"We started preparing the shelter n Saturday, and 5 (receive) arund 130 peple frm ver 60 husehlds since Mnday afternn," said Li Xuemei, 52, 6 civil servant frm Mentugu, wh is in charge f a shelter at Lngquan Elementary Schl.
A strage rm n the schl's grund flr is being used 7 (stre) fd, flding beds and bedding, while 10 classrms have been turned int temprary accmmdatins.
"We started the shelter with fd supplies fr three days. Nw, 8 traffic gradually recvered, we can buy mre supplies," Li said.
In sme muntain villages in Mentugu, rads have been washed away, cmmunicatin netwrks 9 (severe) hit and pwer supply infrastructure damaged, 10 (cut) residents ff frm the utside wrld.it典型场合
典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。
Learning is a bitter rt, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。
I have bught a chair. It is made f wd.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。
The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。
It's 112 miles frm Lndn t Birmingham. 从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。
What time is it? It’s tw-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it用作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语
He fund it exciting riding the rller caster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。
It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It's a pity that yu have t g s sn.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
强调it: it用在强调句it's …wh/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语
It was his parents that he turned t fr advice.他向父母寻求建议。
It was tw years ag that I began t learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义
I we it t yu that I finished my wrk in time.我能按时完成工作得感谢你。
I'll see t it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中
Believe it r nt, Tm gt married last week.信不信由你，汤姆上周结婚了。
We made it t the summit f the muntain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
it作形式主语
①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜……
②It is n wnder that ... 难怪……
③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来……
④It lks/seems as if/as thugh ...看起来好像……
⑤It happens that ... 碰巧……
⑥It ccurs t/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
⑦It is said/reprted that ... 据说/据报道……
⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的
⑨It is n use/gd ding ... 做……没有用/好处
⑩It takes sb sme time t d...做……花费某人若干时间
it作形式宾语
①主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋fr/f sb t d/that…从句
②主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋it＋n use/a waste f time/ ...＋ding ...
类别
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
功能
主语
宾语、表语
定语
主语、表语、宾语
宾语、表语、同位语
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
ur
urs
urselves
第二人称
单数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurself
复数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
与介词搭配
by neself 独自地 fr neself 替自己；为自己
f neself 自动地 in neself 本质上；本身
与动词搭配
apply neself t 专心致志于 behave neself 举止得体；行为检点
dress neself 打扮；自己穿衣 devte neself t 致力于；献身于
help neself t 随便吃/用 enjy neself 玩得开心
seat neself 就座；入席 make yurself at hme 别客气
teach neself 自学
典型用法
典型示例
it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物
--Where's yur car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。
Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。
that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词
The ppulatin f China is larger than that ne. 中国人口比日本多。
The weather f Beijing is clder than that f Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。
thse特指上文提到的复数名词
The huses in Zhengzhu are cheaper than thse in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。
ne泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语
I lst my ld camera; this is a new ne. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。
I'd like an apple. Are yu having ne, t? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？
nes代替泛指的复数名词
Green apples ften taste better than red nes. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
the ne特指上文提到的单数名词
This schl is the ne we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。
Our huse is the ne next t the schl. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。
the nes特指上文提到的复数名词
Dn’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper nes.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。
such倒装句，考虑就近一致
Such is the result f the cntest. 这就是竞赛的结果。
典型用法
典型示例
each指两者或两者以上中每个
They each have their wn email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。
bth表示“两者都”
Bth his mther and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。
all指“(三者或三者以上)全部”
All five men are hard wrkers. 五个人全都工作努力。
either表示“(两者中的)任何一个”
Yu can park n either side f the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
neither表示“两者都不”
Neither f my parents speaks a freign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。
nne表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点”
We have three sns but nne f them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。
nthing表示“没有任何东西”
The dctr said there was nthing wrng with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
anther泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一”
Heavy rains cntinued anther three days. 大雨持续了三天。
Wuld yu like anther drink? 还想喝一杯吗？
ther泛指“其余的”，只作定语
Are there any ther questins? 还有其他问题没有？
thers“另一些”
Dn't expect thers t read yur mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。
the ther特指两者之中的另一个
He raised ne arm and then the ther. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。
the thers“剩余的一些”
I walked back while the thers rde in the car. 别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。
典型用法
典型示例
few修饰可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有”
The last few winters have been very cld过去几个冬天都很冷。
a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“几个；一些”
I have a few friends, but my yunger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
little修饰不可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有”
There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“一点”
She can speak a little French, but she knws little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。
many修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“许多”
We dn't have very many cpies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。
much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“许多”
I dn't have much mney with me. 我没带多少钱。