2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（含解析）

这是一份2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，词汇运用，阅读表达，缺词填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. China has helped end 70% f pverty wrldwide since ________ late 1970s, accrding t ________ Wrld Bank.
A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; a
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：据世界银行称，自20世纪70年代后期以来，中国已帮助消除了全球70%的贫困人口。
考查冠词。空格一处表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；Wrld Bank“世界银行”是专用名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。
2. Place names ften have interesting cnnectins ________ the lcal landscape and peple.
A. inB. nC. atD. t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；n在……上；at在；t到。根据“Place names ften have interesting lcal landscape and peple”可知地名和当地景观和人有联系，have cnnectins t...“和……有联系”。故选D。
3. ________ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.
A. ThughB. TillC. WhenD. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。
考查连词辨析。Thugh虽然；Till直到；When当……时候；Unless除非。根据“astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe”可知当宇航员太空行走时，他们会穿宇航服，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her mney fr dnatins.
A. livesB. livedC. was livingD. will live
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。
考查动词时态。根据“and saves her mney fr dnatins”可知句子描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。
5. —Tell me, Grandma. ________ is yur favurite persn in the whle wide wrld?
—That’s easy! It’s yu!
A. WhatB. WhC. HwD. Whm
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单。是你！
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Wh谁；Hw怎样；Whm谁。根据“It’s yu”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词wh。故选B。
6. We yuths d ur best fr ur dreams and tgether a small success can give us a sense f ________.
A. achievementB. departmentC. treatmentD. entertainment
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。
考查名词。achievement成就；department部门；treatment治疗；entertainment娱乐。根据“a small success can give us a sense f”可知，表达成就感，用名词“achievement”。故选A。
7. Prtect yur hearing. Dn’t wait until yu ________ hear a thing.
A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. shuldn’tD. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。
考查情态动词。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shuldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Prtect yur hearing. Dn’t wait until a thing”可知此处表示“现在就开始保护听力，等不能听到声音再保护就晚了”，使用can’t。故选D。
8. In such cheerful cnversatin, the time ________ all t quickly.
A. went upB. went dwnC. went byD. went back
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝地很快。
考查动词短语。went up上升；went dwn沉下；went by流逝；went back追溯。根据“the time”及“t quickly”可知，表达时间流逝地快。用短语“went by”。故选C。
9. It’s ________ f the by t leave the tap running.
A. endlessB. hmelessC. meaninglessD. careless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。
考查形容词辨析。endless无止境的；hmeless无家可归的；meaningless无意义的，无价值的；careless粗心大意的。根据“t leave the tap running”，可知表达这个男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心。故选D。
10. —May I speak t Wang Li?
—Srry, she is nt at hme. She ________ since last mnth.
A. leftB. has leftC. has been awayD. went away
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家。从上个月开始，她就离开了。
考查时态。根据“since last mnth”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has dne，排除AD；且此处应用延续性动词，而left“离开”是非延续动词，排除B。故选C。
11. ________ the peple lcked inside, the firemen brke dwn the dr.
A. ReachB. T reachC. ReachingD. T reaching
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the peple lcked inside”的目的是“the firemen brke dwn the dr”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
12. Peple in cld areas ________ warm clurs t calm clurs in their hmes.
A. prtectB. preferC. prnunceD. practise
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。
考查动词辨析。prtect保护；prefer更喜欢；prnunce发音；practise练习。根据“Peple in cld clurs t calm clurs”以及常识可知寒冷地区的人更喜欢暖色系，“与……相比，更喜欢……”。故选B。
13. —I hear that yu tk part in a frest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by ur schl green club t prtect frests.
A. rganizesB. rganizedC. was rganizedD. will be rganized
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a frest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was rganized”。故选C。
14. —Excuse me, culd yu tell me ________?
—Yu can take N. 6 bus there. It’s abut 15 minutes’ ride.
A. hw far is the Slender West LakeB. hw far the Slender West Lake is
C. hw can I get t the Slender West LakeD. hw I can get t the Slender West Lake
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约15分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Yu can take N. 6 bus there”可知上句询问应如何去某地，用hw引导宾语从句。故选D。
15. —My pet dg died yesterday. I’m in a bad md.
—________. I knw hw it feels.
A. Srry t hear thatB. That’s nt the caseC. Never mindD. It’s a pleasure
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了。我的心情不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息。我知道那是什么感觉。
考查情景交际。Srry t hear that很抱歉听到这个消息；That’s nt the case事实并非如此；Never mind没关系；It’s a pleasure别客气。根据“My pet dg died yesterday. I’m in a bad md”可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，选项A符合语境。故选A。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Late ne night, Gulliver received a warning that sme nbles wanted him killed. Even the emperr f Lilliput wanted t give him less fd t save ___16___. It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
Quickly, he wrte a letter t the emperr, “I’m ___17___ t visit Blefuscu, as I prmised.”
Then he hurried dwn t the sea ___18___ Lilliput and Blefuscu.
The king f Blefuscu himself came ut t meet him.
“Welcme!” cried the king. “Stay as ___19___ as yu like.”
Walking n the beach a week later, Gulliver saw ut at sea a small bat—but a full-sized ne. It was ___20___ upside dwn in the water.
Gulliver rushed t the king. He begged, “Can yu help me rescue the bat? This culd be my chance t g hme.”
“Of curse,” said the king. “Take sme ships t help yu.”
Gulliver swam ut t the bat, hlding rpes frm each f the ___21___.
With the ships pulling and Gulliver ___22___, the bat was brught safely t shre.
Gulliver and the king’s men set abut fixing the bat fr his lng jurney hme. Sn, the bat was finished.
“I’d like t leave nw,” Gulliver tld the king. “But n ne at hme will ___23___ my stry. Culd I take sme f yur peple with me?”
“I can’t pssibly ___24___ that,” said the king. “But yu may take sme ____25____ and a sheep.”
He als gave Gulliver fifty bags f gld cins. “I dn’t want yu t g,” he said. “But I understand ____26____ yu have t.”
“Thank yu,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never ____27____ yu all.”
After nly a few days at sea in his bat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shuted and waved wildly.
He was ____28____! One sailr fund him. The ship sailed ver and ____29____ Gulliver. “Where have yu cme frm?” asked the captain. “A place called Lilliput.” said Gulliver and he shwed the captain the ____30____ frm the emperr.
The captain was s surprised. Fr a few gld cins and a cuple f cws, he agreed t take Gulliver all the way hme.
—Adapted frm Gulliver’s Travels
16. A. lifeB. timeC. mneyD. energy
17. A. againstB. beyndC. ffD. thrugh
18. A. betweenB. amngC. upnD. during
19. A. lngB. farC. ftenD. sn
20. A. takingB. fallingC. swimmingD. flating
21. A. batsB. shipsC. menD. sails
22. A. fillingB. shakingC. pushingD. carrying
23. A. makeB. expectC. suppseD. believe
24. A. requireB. refuseC. avidD. allw
25. A. fdB. pepleC. cinsD. cws
26. A. whenB. hwC. whyD. whether
27. A. frgetB. regretC. frceD. bey
28. A. in dangerB. in luckC. in fearD. in peace
29. A. picked upB. gave upC. set upD. dressed up
30. A. awardsB. presentsC. victimsD. rewards
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。
【16题详解】
句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。
life生活；time时间；mney钱；energy能量。根据“Even the emperr f Lilliput wanted t give him less fd t was true Gulliver was very expensive”可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：我要离开去不来夫斯库。
against反对；beynd超过；ff离开；thrugh通过。根据“ visit Blefuscu...”可知他要离开小人国去不来夫斯库。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来夫斯库之间的海里。
between在两者之间；amng在……之间；upn在上面；during在……期间。根据“Lilliput and Blefuscu”可知海在两国之间，用between。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。
lng长的；far远的；ften经常；sn很快。根据“Stay yu like”可知此处指待多长时间，as lng as yu like“想待多久待多久”。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。
taking带走；falling掉落；swimming游泳；flating漂浮。根据“unside dwn in the water”可知船漂浮在海里。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。
bats小船；ships船；men男人；sails航行。根据“With the ships pulling”可知此处指船上的绳子。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。
filling充满；shaking摇晃；pushing推；carrying携带。根据“With the ships pulling and Gulliver”可知船拉，格列佛推。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。
make制作；expect期待；suppse推断；believe相信。根据“Culd I take sme f yur peple with me”可知他要带一些人走，因为他家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：我可能不会允许。
require需要；refuse拒绝；avid避免；allw允许。根据“But yu may take a sheep”可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：但是你可以带走一些牛和一只羊。
fd食物；peple人；cins硬币；cws牛。根据“Fr a few gld cins and a cuple f cws”可知国王给了他一些牛。故选D。
26题详解】
句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。
when什么时候；hw如何；why为什么；whether是否。根据“But I have t”可知国王理解他为什么一定要走。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。
frget忘记；regret后悔；frce迫使；bey遵守。根据“I’ll all”可知是不会忘记他们。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：他很幸运。
in danger处于危险中；in luck幸运；in fear害怕；in peace和平地。根据“One sailr fund him”可知他很幸运，有人发现了他。故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。
picked up捡起，接载；gave up放弃；set up建立；dressed up装扮。根据“The ship sailed ver ”可知是这个船接载了他。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。
awards奖；presents礼物；victims受害者；rewards报酬。根据“Fr a few gld cins and a cuple f cws”可知这些是皇帝送给他的礼物。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Wetlands are any land that is flded with shallw water all r mst f the time. They are a natural water hlding system.
There are many types f wetlands. Amng them, bgs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types f wetlands have different kinds f plants. Only msses(苔藓)and a few ther kinds f plants can grw in bgs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the mst cmmn plants in a marsh. A swamp is a frest whse grund is underwater all r mst f the time. Unlike bgs r marshes, a swamp is full f trees and bushes. It’s nt a gd idea t g explring a swamp withut a guide. There are hidden pls f water, thick mud, and smetimes big crcdiles(鳄鱼)lking fr their next meal.
Hungry crcdiles aren’t the nly animals that make the wetlands their hme. Otters, turtles, frgs, snakes and many ther animals d t. The water is hme t many kinds f fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasnally during their lng migratins.
Wetlands are imprtant because they prvide habitats fr plants and animals. A wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds, and restre undergrund water supplies.
Accrding t WWF, mre than half f the wrld’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning f the 20th century. If this cntinues, cuntless plant and animal species will surely die ut. Withut wetlands, cities have t spend mre mney treating water. Dn’t feel helpless. Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas.
31. Accrding t Paragraph 2, what can yu see in a swamp?
A. Msses.B. Cattails.C. Reeds.D. Trees.
32. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Wetlands are a man-made water hlding system.
B. There are three types f wetlands in the wrld.
C. Peple can nt meet with big crcdiles in wetlands.
D. Wetlands can prtect shrelines and prevent flds.
33. What is the writer prbably ging t talk abut after Paragraph 5?
A. What are the different types f wetlands?
B. What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C. What actins can peple take t prtect wetlands?
D. What ther kinds f plants and animals live in wetlands?
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full f trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。
B
Every mnth, Julia and her cusins wuld g fr the big family meal at their grandparents’ huse. On each visit, their grandpa wuld give them a few cins. Then all the children wuld run ff t buy sweets. One day, he gathered the children tgether. He said, “Let’s have a cmpetitin t see wh can manage mney wisely. At the end f this year, tell me hw yu’ve used yur mney.”
Ruben and Nic, the tw smallest kids, cntinued spending their mney all n sweets. Every time, they wuld shw ff their sweets in frnt f the ther children. This made Clara and Je s angry that these tw culd n lnger keep saving their mney. They sn jined Ruben and Nic.
Mnty was a clever by. He decided t manage his mney by buying and selling things. Sn he made a lt f mney with little effrt. The way he was ging, he wuld end up almst a rich man. Hwever, he began t spend his mney n mre and mre expensive things fr himself. A few mnths later, he hadn’t a single penny（便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the cins he was given, and at the end f the year he had cllected mre mney than anyne. He was the clear winner.
There was als Julia. Pr Julia hadn’t a penny n the day f the cmpetitin. She had spent all her cins n her secret plan. Julia knew a pr vilinist wh played in the park, and she ffered him all the cins fr his vilin lessns. Althugh it wasn’t much mney, n seeing Julia’s excitement, the vilinist agreed. A little after a year the vilinist laned her a vilin s they tw culd play tgether in the park. They were s successful that she managed t buy her wn vilin. Even better, she later became a very famus vilinist.
34. Why did the children’s grandpa suggest the cmpetitin t them?
A. T encurage them t win cmpetitins.B. T teach them hw t manage their mney.
C. T tell them mney was imprtant t them.D. T knw wh was the cleverest child in the family.
35. The underlined wrds “these tw” in Paragraph 2 refer t（指的是）________.
A. Clara and JeB. Ruben and NicC. Mnty and AlexD. Alex and Julia
36 What can we learn frm Julia’s stry?
A. Get rich slw, r get pr fast.
B. Little effrt always brings much mney.
C. A little mney well spent can help realize yur dreams.
D. It is nt wise f yu t spend all the mney yu've gt.
37 What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Grandpa’s cinsB. Julia’s cusins
C. A saving cmpetitinD. A happy family
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Let’s have a cmpetitin t see wh can manage mney wisely”可知他是为了教导孩子如何明智地理财。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This made Clara and Je s angry that these tw culd n lnger keep saving their mney”可知Clara和Je非常生气，所以他们也不再坚持存钱了，故此处划线部分指代“Clara and Je”。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They were s successful that she managed t buy her wn vilin. Even better, she later became a very famus vilinist”可知Julia用自己的钱帮助了那个小提琴手，最后她也在那个小提琴手的帮助下获得了成功，成为了一个著名的小提琴手，由此可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。
【37题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想，故文章以“一场存钱比赛”展开。故选C。
C
My five-year-ld sn befriends the wman. It starts with vices in the yard. When I cme ut t check n Daniel, his face is pressed n the fence（篱笆）.
The wman says, “Yu wait right here; I’ll be right back. ”
She returns with a saw（锯子）. There’s a whirring. A circle in the wden fence drps ut f sight.
“Dad! Sandy just drilled ut a hle in the fence s Sandy and I can talk! ” Daniel spins arund.
I hadn’t knwn her name was Sandy. We’ve lived here a mnth befre Daniel was brn.
Daniel’s and Sandy’s murmuring vices cntinue. Whenever Daniel is utside, he circles near the fence that isn’t a fence any mre. Sme days my sn just ges t stand at the hle, yelling, “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” Smetimes I hear bits f their talk.
“We painted a ghst at schl.”
Or: “Wheeler and Jacksn were playing ftball, and they tld me I culdn’t play.”
“That wasn’t very nice, ” says Sandy. “Did that hurt yur feelings? Did yu let them knw that?”
I can’t hear hw he replies. A mment f envy runs thrugh me. He never talks abut his schl things with me.
Daniel and Sandy nt nly keep chatting thrugh the hle, they als exchange gifts. A clring bk, then a Ht Wheels car. It’s unclear what Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternn, I hear Sandy’s vice flating ver the tp f the fence with the hle. “I thught maybe Daniel culd cme fr a play date.”
We ring the bell n Sandy’s prch. She’s a middle-aged wman with smiling eyes. Sandy’s yard is sweet with the smell f flwers. We have a pleasant afternn with Sandy, my sn’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made n his wn.
A mnth later, Sandy leaves t care fr her mther in Kansas. She left behind a bx f presents: a clring bk, sidewalk chalk, the missing range part in the Ht Wheels track. When I lk at Daniel, he’s lking dwn at his shes.
He smetimes wanders dwn t the fence. Instead f calling “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” he cries. “Hell! Hell!”
One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s pstcard. They write frequently, warmly.
38. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the stry?
a. Sandy leaves fr Kansas t care fr her mther.
b. Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts thrugh the hle.
c. Daniel and Sandy are gd pen friends.
d. Sandy drills ut a hle in the fence.
e. Sandy invites Daniel t cme t her yard fr a play date.
A. dbeacB. badecC. dceabD. ecadb
39. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 4 frm the bttm?
A. The neighburhd I grew up in has a fence like this.
B. We’ve passed thrugh the hle in the fence.
C. Beynd that fence stands Sandy’s blue huse.
D. I’m a persn wh lks n the bad side f the fence.
40. What can we knw abut Daniel frm the underlined sentences in the stry?
A. He desn’t care abut Sandy’s leaving.B. He is impressed with the shes frm Sandy.
C. He is heartbrken when hearing the news.D. He des nt want t be Sandy’s friend any mre.
41. Which sentence best expresses the theme f the stry?
A. Parents are children’s best friends.B. Trust and friendship can g beynd ages.
C. A gd fence makes a gd neighbur.D. Grass is greener n the ther side f the fence.
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C 41. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sandy just drilled ut a hle in the fence s Sandy and me can talk”可知，桑迪在篱笆挖了一个洞；根据“Daniel and Sandy nt nly keep chatting thrugh the hle, they als exchange gifts”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪通过洞交换礼物；根据“I thught maybe Daniel culd cme fr a play date”可知，桑迪邀请丹尼尔来她的庭院参加玩耍聚会；根据“A mnth later, Sandy leaves t care fr her mther in Kansas”可知，桑迪动身到堪萨斯州去照顾她的母亲。根据“One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s pstcard”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪是很好的笔友。正确顺序是dbeac。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“We have a pleasant afternn with Sandy, my sn’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made n his wn”可知，作者和桑迪度过了愉快的下午，儿子的成年朋友丹尼尔是他自己交的第一位朋友，儿子和桑迪之前通过篱笆的洞进行交流，现在直接见面，已经打破了篱笆的障碍。B选项“我们穿越了篱笆的那个洞”合适。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“he’s lking dwn at his shes”及“he cries”可知，儿子舍不得桑迪的离开，听到那个消息感到伤心。故选C。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。B选项“Trust and friendship can g beynd ages信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界线”可概括。故选B。
D
Researchers at China Aerspace Science and Industry Crp, a State-wned defense cntractr, have develped and made the wrld’s first rbt whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The rbtic shark has been n display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slw-mving carpet shark and the largest knwn living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry, the underwater rbt is 4.7 meters lng, weighs 350 kilgrams and can mve 42 meters a minute.
Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark by mving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The muth and gills（鳃）can als pen and clse like a shark’s. The bimimetic shark is made f sensrs（传感器）, multi-jint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it t avid what’s in the way in all directins.
“The rbt can reach a depth f 10 meters and wrk fr as lng as 10 hurs,” said Fang Xuelin, a senir researcher in charge f the rbt shark prgram.
“The shark can be remtely cntrlled and can als swim based n preset prgrams r its wn sensrs,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far,” Fang added. “Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin.”
“The factry nw plans t develp mre types f aquatic rbts, including sme extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, fr display in parks and schls. It will als prmte the prducts t businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prspecting,” he said.
42. The whale shark n display is ________.
A. the wrld’s first rbtB. the largest living fish
C. a 7.4-meter-lng sharkD. a rbtic shark
43. What des the underlined wrd “bimimetic”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. 仿生的B. 虚拟的C. 杂交的D. 变异的
44. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factry.
B. Pwered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim withut stpping.
C. The factry has built multiple kinds f rbt fishes including the shark.
D. The factry has develped sme extinct mammals fr display in parks.
45. What des Paragraph 8 mainly talk abut?
A. The limits f the aquatic rbts.B. The purpses f the aquatic rbts.
C. The prgress in making aquatic rbts.D. The steps t develping aquatic rbts.
【答案】42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“the wrld’s first rbt whale shark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry”及第五段“Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“bimimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。
【45题详解】
段落大意题。根据“Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
46. Let me repeat ________ what he just said.（exact）
【答案】exactly
【解析】
【详解】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。动词“repeat”用副词修饰。表达“准确地”用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。
47. Excuse me, what prblems are we really ________ t slve?（try）
【答案】trying
【解析】
【详解】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try“试图，设法”，根据“what prblems are we slve”可知此处表示正设法解决什么问题，用现在进行时be ding，故此处用现在分词。故填trying。
48. A ________ cmpetitive spirit can push peple t try t be better.（health）
【答案】healthy
【解析】
【详解】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。根据“cmpetitive spirit”，此处用形容词healthy“健康的”作定语，表示“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。
49. After a night’s rain, the muntains are much greener and the air is much ________.（fresh）
【答案】fresher
【解析】
【详解】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根据“the muntains are much greener”以及“much”可知此处用形容词的比较级作表语。故填fresher。
50. Wrking as a team means celebrating ________ and facing lsses tgether.（victry）
【答案】victries
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“and facing lsses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victries”。故填victries。
51. Life is like a bx f ________. Yu never knw what yu’re gnna get.（巧克力）
【答案】chclates
【解析】
【详解】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“f”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“a bx f chclates”。故填chclates。
52. The Cmmunist Party f China is nw leading the natin tward building a great ________ scialist cuntry.（现代的）
【答案】mdern
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国共产党正在带领民族建设社会主义现代化强国。此处修饰名词“scialist cuntry”应用形容词mdern“现代的”。故填mdern。
53. ________ minutes after she left, it started t snw heavily.（三十）
【答案】Thirty
【解析】
【详解】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。
54. If we drp litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ by the plice.（罚款）
【答案】fined
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所丢垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。罚款：fine，主语we和谓语fine之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填fined。
55. Mum jined ur little grup and intrduced ________ t ur new friends.（她自己）
【答案】herself
【解析】
【详解】句意：妈妈加入我们这个小组，向我们的新朋友介绍她自己。动词“intrduced”后缺宾语，表达“她自己”用反身代词“herself”。故填herself。
五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）
Yu dn’t knw me unless yu read a bk called The Adventures f Tm Sawyer. Huck’s my name, Huckleberry Finn. That bk ends like this: my best friend, Tm Sawyer, and I fund $12,000 in gld in a cave. We became rich. We gt $6,000 each.
My mther died lng ag and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he ften beat me. Then a kind ld lady called Widw Duglas tk me int her hme t live. She gave me a bed t sleep in and bught new clthes fr me. She read stries t me and taught me hw t eat at a table. She sent me t schl every day.
I hated thse new clthes. I missed my ld life. I put n my ld clthes and ran away and was free and happy, but Tm Sawyer fund me and said that if I wanted t jin his club, I wuld have t return t live with the widw. Fr this reasn, I returned t live with her.
The mnths passed and winter came. The weather gt cld. One mrning I wke up and there was snw n the grund. On my way t schl I saw sme ftprints utside the widw’s huse. My heart jumped. Pap!
“He’s heard abut my mney,” I thught. “And he wants it! ”
When I lit my candle and went up t my rm that night, there sat Pap—his wn self! I expected t be scared f him nw, but I wasn’t. I std lking at him; he set there—lking at me.
Pap was nearly fifty years ld. His black hair was lng and uncmbed and dirty. He had allwed hair t grw n his face, which was ghstly white. Just lking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clthes? —dirty and trn. His feet shwed thrugh large hles in his shes. His hat was n the flr—an ld black hat with a large hle in it.
—Taken frm The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn
56. Wh is telling the stry?
____________________________________________________________
57. Hw did Tm and Huck becme rich?
___________________________________________________________
58. Why did Widw Duglas take Huck in t live with her?
___________________________________________________________
59. Why did Huck return t live with Widw Duglas?
___________________________________________________________
60. What is Huck’s father like in yur eyes? Why d yu think s?
___________________________________________________________
【答案】56. Huckleberry Finn.
57. They fund $12,000 in gld in a cave.
58. Because his mther died lng ag and his father disappeared.
59. Because he wanted t jin Tm’s club.
60. Vilent. Because his father was always drunk and beat Huck.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述哈克贝利费恩的母亲去世，父亲消失了。一位寡妇收养了他。他想加入汤姆的俱乐部，所以回去和寡妇一起住。后来有一天他发现父亲回来了的经历。
【56题详解】
根据第一段“Huck’s my name, Huckleberry Finn”可知是哈克贝利费恩在讲述故事。故填Huckleberry Finn.
【57题详解】
根据第一段“That bk ends like this: my best friend, Tm Sawyer, and I fund $12,000 in gld in a cave. We became rich”可知，汤姆索亚和哈克贝利费恩在洞穴里找到了价值一万两千美元的黄金，所以变得有钱了。故填They fund $12,000 in gld in a cave.
【58题详解】
根据第二段“My mther died lng ag and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he ften beat me”可知，哈克的母亲很久前去世了，他的父亲消失了，他总是喝酒经常打他。故填Because his mther died lng ag and his father disappeared.
【59题详解】
根据第三段“Tm Sawyer fund me and said that if I wanted t jin his club, I wuld have t return t live with the widw. Fr this reasn, I returned t live with her”可知，汤姆索亚找到哈克，告诉他如果哈克想加入汤姆的俱乐部，哈克必须回去和寡妇一起住。故填Because he wanted t jin Tm’s club.
【60题详解】
根据第二段“my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he ften beat me”可知，哈克的父亲消失了，他的父亲总是喝酒，经常打哈克，可推断哈克的父亲很暴力。故填Vilent. Because his father was always drunk and beat Huck.
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs nrth and suth in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilmeters, it is amng the wrld’s ldest and l___61___ canals. Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is lcated n the bank f the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhu, ne f the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu prvince sitting alng the Grand Canal.
The museum ___63___ its drs t the public n June 16,2021. It cvers an area f sme 80,000 square meters. It has tw structures: a fur-stry building in the s___64___ f a giant ship waiting t set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style twer.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitins（展览）. They are telling the h___65___ f the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907） the Beijing-Hangzhu Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins w___66___ they cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin（灌溉）and fld cntrl. The 25.7-meter-lng, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River sectin is c___67___ by many as the “treasure f the museum”.
S far, the museum has ver 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 grups f large nes, making it the best cllectin t shw the grandness f the canal and h___68___ peple changed nature.
Passing t___69___ the exhibitin hall and int the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitrs can see restaurants and shps alng the street, as if walking in the water village n the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm all the ther m____70____ which are themed n the Grand Canal in China. Why nt cme and visit it yurself?
【答案】61. (l)ngest
62. (c)ities
63. ()pened
64. (s)hape
65. (h)istry
66. (w)hile
67. (c)nsidered
68. (h)w 69. (t)hrugh
70. (m)useums
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“ldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“lngest”。故填(l)ngest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“ne f 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhu”，“in Jiangsu prvince”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its drs t the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“pened”。故填()pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“f a giant ship waiting t set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape f”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“histry”。故填(h)istry。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin and fld cntrl.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be cnsidered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)nsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“peple changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“hw”引导从句。故填(h)w。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibitin hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass thrugh”。故填(t)hrugh。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed n the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
七、书面表达（计30分）
A. 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
71. 我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人?
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【答案】What can we d t help thse in need?
【解析】
【详解】句子是特殊疑问句，我们能做什么：what can we d；帮助：help；有需要的人：thse in need；由语境可知，“帮助有需要的人”是目的，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填What can we d t help thse in need?
72. 不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。
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【答案】Please turn ff the lights, the TV and the cmputer when they are nt in use.
【解析】
【详解】句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，please“请”；关掉：turn ff；电灯：the ligths；电视：the TV；电脑：the cmputer；当……时候：when；be in use“在使用中”，从句主语是they“它们”，be动词用are，变否定句时在be动词后加nt。故填Please turn ff the lights, the TV and the cmputer when they are nt in use.
73. 秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
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【答案】In autumn, leaves turn yellw and fall ff the trees.
【解析】
【详解】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时。表达“在秋天”用介词短语“in autumn”，是时间状语，放在句首。主语是“树叶”是复数概念，用复数名词“leaves”。表达“变”，用系动词“turn”。表达“黄”用形容词“yellw”作表语。表达“落下”用动词短语“fall ff”，表达“树”用名词“trees”作宾语。用连词“and”连接动词形成并列结构。故填In autumn, leaves turn yellw and fall ff the trees.
74. 当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
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【答案】When thers speak, the nurse is patient enugh t listen carefully.
【解析】
【详解】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是thers“其他人”，谓语动词用原形speak“说话”；足够……去做某事：adj. enugh t d sth.；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is；耐心的：patient；听：listen，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填When thers speak, the nurse is patient enugh t listen carefully.
75. 我希望今年暑假我们能和朋友共度更多的时光。
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【答案】I hpe we can spend mre time with friends this summer vacatin.
【解析】
【详解】句子主语是I，谓语用原形hpe“希望”，I hpe that...“我希望……”，后加宾语从句；从句主语是we“我们”；能：can，其后加动词原形；和某人度过更多的时光：spend mre time with...；朋友：friends；今年暑假：this summer vacatin。故填I hpe we can spend mre time with friends this summer vacatin.
B. 写作（计20分）
76. 最近，你校开展了“巧手制书签，书香满校园”主题活动，请你以“A DIY bkmark fr my favurite bk”为题，根据表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文，向学校英文报的读书专栏投稿，介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得。
要求：（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
（3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
A DIY bkmark fr my favurite bk
Last week I tk part in ur schl’s Reading & Bkmark-making activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
A DIY bkmark fr my favurite bk
Last week I tk part in ur schl’s Reading & Bkmark-making activity. Its purpse was t help us enjy reading ur favurite bk. My favrite bk is the classic nvel Jurney t the West, ne f the Fur Great Classical Nvels. I like Mnkey King best because he helps the weak and never gives up.
In rder t make a bkmark, I prepared a card, scissrs, glue and s n. First, I cut the card int lng strips. And then I drew a picture f a mnkey n the left and wrte a famus saying “Nthing is impssible if yu put yur heart int it.” n the right t encurage me nt t give up when facing difficulties. At last, I glued it t a thin piece f wd.
Althugh I met sme difficulties in this prcess, I never gave up and I am prud f myself.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“A DIY bkmark fr my favurite bk”为题，并结合表格中的内容，描述制作书签的目的和过程，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；人称以第一人称为主。第一段介绍制作书签的目的，以及最喜欢的书的类型和最喜欢这本书的什么地方；第二段重点描述制作书签需要的材料和工具以及制作书签的过程；第三段描述自己的感想。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。Why yu made it
help enjy reading yur favurite bk（name, type f bk, what yu like mst）
Hw yu made it
Materials & Tls
● card
● scissrs, glue…
Steps
● cut the card int…
● draw a picture f…
● write（yur favurite sentence frm the bk r a famus saying r…）
● …
Hw yu felt
…