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2019届江苏省镇江市高三一模考试英语试题（解析版）
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2019届江苏省镇江市高三一模考试英语试题（解析版）
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节， 满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
How did the woman feel about her presentation?
A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Anxious.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M:Well,I’m glad that’s over. I’ve been worried about that presentation all week. W: I was the same when I did mine. The night before I kept thinking what could go wrong.
2.
Who built the scenery?
A. A carpenter. B. The students. C. A designer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did the student build the scenery for the program? W: No, they had a carpenter make it according to their designs.
3.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Which orders are urgent.
B. How many orders they've packed.
C. Whether to leave work right now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How many orders do we still need to pack? It’s time to go home. M: About ten more. W: Maybe we can finish it tomorrow. M: Why not? These orders are not urgent. We could do it first thing tomorrow morning.
4.
How did the woman read the book?
A. She read through it.
B. She read the front chapters.
C. She read the chapters that interested her.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you read the whole book since noon today? W: Oh, I haven’t read it straight through the way you read a novel. A few chapters were on the topic that interested me. So I just read those.
5.
What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Come to his house at 8:00.
B. Attend a gathering.
C. Help him with a job.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:Hi, Lucy. I’m happy to get together when a few friends at my house to celebrate my job. It would be great to see you. W:When are you starting? M:At about 8. But feel free to arrive when you want.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. In a park. B. In a hospital. C. At home.
7. When did the man get hurt?
A. When he was running. B. When he was cooking. C. When he was climbing a tree.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What on earth has happened to you? M: I tripped up when I was running in the park. I fell on a bid of tree or something. W: Let me see. It’s quite a deep cut. You’d better wash it in the bathroom. M: Yeah, I will. W: You know, if I were you, I’d go down an emergency room in the hospital. M: I’m not going all the way to the hospital about a cut. W: If it doesn’t stop bleeding, I’ll give the doctor a ring. M: Ok, please looking our first-aid box and give me some bandages.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How did the man know about the shared house?
A. From an online advert. B. From a newspaper. C. From a flatmate.
9. Why does the man want to move out of the shared house?
A. It is quite noisy. B. It is too crowded. C. It is dirty at weekends.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What happened to the man on Saturday morning?
A. His car broke down. B. He got lost in the forest. C. He was caught in the rain.
11. How long did it take the man to find the campsite around the forest?
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
12. Where did the man stay this weekend?
A. In a hotel. B. At home. C. At the campsite.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Boss and clerk.
C. Fellow workers.
14. Where has the woman been working?
A. In a library. B. In a small bookshop. C. In a branch of a big company.
15. What does the woman say about Raystone's?
A. It is independent. B. It is growing quickly. C. It offers good online service.
16. How would the woman describe herself?
A. Ambitious. B. Successful. C. Reliable.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What did the speaker do after lunch on the first day?
A. He walked into the woodlands.
B. He visited a zoo in the field center.
C. He listened to a speech from an expert.
18. What did Bill say was 100 years old?
A. The stone wall. B. The wooden bridge. C. The iron gate.
19. Why did the speaker go out the next morning?
A. To get familiar with local areas.
B. To collect water for analyses.
C. To find out air pollutants.
20. What was the best presentation about?
A. Fish farming.
B. Difficulties in hill farming.
C. Combination of modern and tradition farming.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B
【解析】
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21.Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of ________.
A. inspiration B. composition C. occupation D. combination
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词词义辨析。
【详解】A. inspiration 灵感；B. composition作曲；C. occupation占有；D. combination组合。句意：历史遗迹以其惊人的美给作家留下深刻印象，这是一个伟大的灵感来源。根据句意故选A。
22.The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners.
A. ignore B. identify C. applaud D. satisfy
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家餐馆的女服务员通常很体贴，但这次她似乎忽视了客人。A. ignore忽视；B. identify认出；C. applaud喝彩；D. satisfy 使……满意。上文提到女服务员体贴，而下文中but“然而；但是”表转折，指下文与上文的“体贴”形成对比。故选A项。
23.-How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?
-Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A. with which B. in which C. of which D. by which
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查定语从句。
【详解】句意：-我怎样才能和旅行社取得联系呢，罗宾? -上网，然后打电话给其中一个提供的电话号码。本句为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，先行词为one，与从句the telephone number构成所属关系，故选C。
【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义（重中之重）
1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词搭配关系选择。
I never forget the day on which I came to this school. (on the day)
如本题中是考查定语从句中先行词与介词的搭配关系，完整结构为the telephone number of one，可知one与telephone number构成所属关系，故用介词of。
二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。
This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan. (spend money on sth.)
3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
This is my pair of glasses, __without which__I cannot see clearly.
24.Governments around the world increasingly ________ artificial intelligence to help promote economic growth.
A. put out B. roll out C. make out D. reach out
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。
【详解】句意：世界各国政府越来越多地推出人工智能来帮助促进经济增长。A. put out熄灭；B. roll out推出；C. make out理解；认出；D. reach out伸出。根据句意故选B。
25.Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.
A. while B. until C. since D. before
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词辨析。
【详解】句意：大多数人在任何结果出现之前就放弃了;他们放弃得太早，放弃的人永远不会成功。A. while当……时候；B. until直到……C. since自从……以来；D. before 在……之前。由下文的they give up too soon太快放弃可知，大多数人是在结果出现之前就放弃了。故选D。
26.China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System has started providing global services, ________ to become complete around 2020.
A. being scheduled B. scheduled C. to schedule D. scheduling
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查非谓语动词。
【详解】句意：中国的北斗导航卫星系统已经开始提供全球服务，计划在2020年左右完成。本句已经存在谓语动词start且句中没有连词，故schedule做非谓语动词。又因逻辑主语与schedule之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词scheduled。故选B。
27.I felt like giving up. I probably ________， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A. would have B. would C. should D. should have
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查过去将来时。
【详解】句意：我想放弃。我可能总会放弃的，但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。”本句为过去将来时。指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去，即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。故选A。
28.-Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
-________， but your room price doesn't cover it.
A. No hurry B. No wonder C. No offence D. No problem
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查固定短语辨析。
【详解】句意：-对不起，为什么不允许我使用健身房? –无意冒犯,但是你的房间价格不包括它。本题考查固定短语辨析。A. No hurry不必着急；B. No wonder难怪；C. No offence无意冒犯；D. No problem没问题。由下文“你的房间价格不包括健身房”可知，前面是礼貌用语无意冒犯。故选C。
29.Due to large investment in housing, many cities can ________ the flow of new arrivals, improving the quality of their life.
A. give rise to B. make way for C. take part in D. keep pace with
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。
【详解】句意：由于在住房方面的大量投资，许多城市能够跟上新移民的步伐，改善他们的生活质量。A. give rise to使发生；引起；B. make way for让路；C. take part in参加；D. keep pace with跟上；保持同步。由下文improving the quality of their life提高生活质量可推理上文应是跟上移民步伐，故选D。
30.I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A. have exposed B. had been exposed C. have been exposed D. was exposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态。
【详解】句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。
31.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.
A. out of danger B. on the run C. out of sight D. on the rise
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词短语。
【详解】句意：尽管存在明显的隐私问题，但面部识别技术的使用在一些公共场所正在兴起。A. out of danger脱离危险；B. on the run在逃；奔波；C. out of sight看不见；D. on the rise 增长。根据连词despite“尽管；虽然”可知下文的内容与上文形成对比。再根据选项的意思，故选D。
32.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A. was held B. would hold C. has hold D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态语态。
【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。
33.Nicholas was very kind, merciful and generous. This is ________ Father Christmas is based on.
A. where B. how C. what D. why
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词性从句连接词。
【详解】句意：尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨。这就是圣诞老人的由来。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
【点睛】名词性从句连接词选择方法
[连接代词]
当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，使用连接代词。常用的有what，who（m），whoever，which，whose等。what根据不同语境和所表示的意思可以灵活翻译成“……的（话、东西、地方、时候、样子等）”；who具有疑问意义，意思是“谁”；whoever没有疑问意义，意思是“……的任何人”，相当于anybody who；which意思是“哪一个”；whose在句中作定语。
如本题考查表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
[连接副词]
当名词性从句中主干齐全，根据意思我们判断出缺少状语时，使用连接副词。常用的有when， where， why和how，分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。这些连接副词既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语。
[从属连词]
当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，使用从属连词引导。从属连词有that， whether和if。当从句中不缺少成分，只是陈述一件事实时，用that引导；当从句中不缺少成分，有“是否”的含义时，用whether或if引导。
whether与if在引导动词后的宾语从句时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
1. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
2. 引导表语从句时；
3. 引导从句作介词宾语时；
4. 从句后有or not时；
5. 后接动词不定式时。
34.I wish you wouldn't be so________； you make faces at everything I say.
A. weird B. polite C. reluctant D. serious
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查形容词词义辨析。
【详解】句意：我希望你不要那么古怪,我说的一切你都做鬼脸。由下文的make faces可知上文应是要求不要捣乱，装怪。A. weird怪异的；B. polite有礼貌的；C. reluctant相关的；D. serious严肃的。根据选项可知应选A。
35.-Who do you think is able to finish the job in two days?
-It's hard to say. This would appear to be ________ for the relatively efficient.
A. a sacred cow B. a Herculean task C. a Pandora's box D. a child's play
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查短语辨析。
【详解】句意：-你认为谁能在两天内完成这项工作?-很难说。对于效率相对较高的人来说，这似乎是一项艰巨的任务。A. a sacred cow圣牛；B. a Herculean task极为艰巨的任务；C. a Pandora's box潘多拉的盒子；D. a child's play 轻而易举之事。由上文hard to say可知两天内要完成工作相对困难。根据选项意思故选B。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last summer I went on a twoday river rafting trip with my teenage daughter as the river guide. I was proud to see my baby girl _____36_____ and confidently moving our raft through a variety of ___37___ whitewater conditions. I also found it____38____to have my daughter giving commands and barking ___39___ as to when and how to paddle(用桨划船)．
As we approached the largest ___40___ on the river I could feel my heart beating faster. Upon ___41___ the turbulent(湍急的) water, our boat got ____42____ on a large rock. I was in the front of the boat and reached ___43___ with my paddle, thinking I would help ___44___ us away from the rock. In the next instant I could feel myself falling out of the boat and into the river. I did have my moments of ___45___ and terror.
This resistance disappeared quickly, ___46___ I landed in the cold, powerfully turbulent water. ___47___ my highquality flotation vest, I was pulled underwater, ___48___ thankfully, within seconds I popped(冒出) back up to the ___49___. A few moments later one of the other trip leaders called for me to ___50___ toward his boat, where I was quickly pulled up and in. I was shaken, out of breath, and quite ___51___to be out of the turbulent water.
An equivalent of this experience happens all the time in our lives. This is life. You cannot count on things going ___52___. When we do, we often ___53___ disappointed and unhappy. Resisting ___54___， which often arrives suddenly and unexpectedly, keeps us from ___55___ the scenario(可能要发生的事) unfolding before us clearly, and it can keep us from acting in ways that are smart and effective and that lead to results that make us feel good and proud of ourselves.
36. A. painfully B. gradually C. extremely D. skillfully
37. A. freezing B. challenging C. fascinating D. thrilling
38. A. ashamed B. annoying C. unbearable D. troublesome
39. A. opinions B. lectures C. orders D. lessons
40. A. rapid B. rock C. gap D. target
41. A. pouring B. pumping C. entering D. covering
42. A. occupied B. stuck C. rescued D. damaged
43. A. backward B. down C. forward D. across
44. A. scare B. hide C. pull D. push
45. A. excitement B. performance C. suffering D. resistance
46. A. before B. while C. because D. as
47. A. With B. Despite C. In D. Below
48. A. but B. therefore C. so D. or
49. A. boat B. surface C. water D. terror
50. A. wander B. flow C. float D. swing
51. A. shocked B. relieved C. disturbed D. embarrassed
52. A. potentially B. randomly C. smoothly D. quickly
53. A. wind up B. hurry up C. think up D. come up
54. A. change B. temptation C. pressure D. effort
55. A. assessing B. seeing C. appreciating D. minding
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者一次与女儿玩漂流的过程中，因为推卡在岩石上的船只，不慎落入水中，最终得救的故事。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. painfully痛苦地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极其地；D. skillfully巧妙地。句意：看到我的小女儿熟练而自信地挪动我们的木筏，我感到很自豪。对应下文confidently故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. freezing冰冻；B. challenging挑战的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。由下文white-water conditions可知水很湍急，很具有挑战性，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. annoying讨厌的；C. unbearable难以忍受的；D. troublesome麻烦的。由下文可知女儿冲“我”发号施令，“我”感到很羞愧。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. opinions意见；B. lectures演讲；C. orders命令；顺序；D. lessons课程。上文提到了commands“指令”此处对应orders“命令”，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. rapid急流；B. rock岩石；C. gap缺口；D. target目标。句意：当我们接近河上最大的急流时，我能感觉到我的心跳加快了。根据句意选A。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. pouring倾泻；B. pumping抽吸；C. entering进入；D. covering覆盖。上文提到了靠近最大的急流，故本处应指“进入”急流中。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. occupied已占用的；B. stuck 被卡住的；C. rescued 营救；D. damaged被破坏的。根据后文“我”将船推离岩石可知此处船一进入急流就被卡在岩石上了。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. backward 向后；B. down向下；C. forward向前；D. across横过。上文提到“我”在船的前方可知“我”用浆向前划。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. scare惊吓；B. hide隐藏；C. pull拉；D. push推动。上文船被卡在大岩石上，因此“我”想帮助船推离岩石。Push away“推开”，故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. excitement兴奋；刺激；B. performance表演；C. suffering苦难；D. resistance反抗。根据下文This resistance disappeared quickly可知选D。
【46题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. as 一……就。句意：我一落入冰冷湍急的水中，这种阻力很快就消失了。as连接时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”故选D。
【47题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. With和…在一起；B. Despite尽管；C. In按照；用；D. Below 在……下面。句意：尽管我有高质量的浮力背心，我还是被拉到水下。前后表转折，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. but但是；B. therefore因此；C. so所以；D. or或者。虽然被水流拉到了水下，根据下文作者不久就浮出了水面。前后表转折，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. boat船；B. surface表面；C. water水；D. terror恐怖。句意：在几秒钟内我冒出了水面。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. wander漫步；B. flow流动；C. float漂浮；D. swing摇摆。句意：几分钟后，另一位领队叫我朝他的船漂去。作者此刻漂在水中，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. shocked震惊的；B. relieved如释重负的；C. disturbed扰乱的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。能够得救作者感到如释重负，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. potentially潜在地；B. randomly随机地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. quickly快地。句意：你不能指望事情都一帆风顺。根据句意选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. wind up紧张；B. hurry up赶快；C. think up 想出；D. come up发生。由作者自身经历可知，不顺发生时我们一开始总是紧张，失望和不开心。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. change变化；B. temptation诱惑；C. pressure压力；D. effort努力。由下文suddenly and unexpectedly，可知应选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. assessing评估；B. seeing看见；C. appreciating感激；D. minding介意。句意：阻止我们清楚地看到眼前的情景。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Over the past few years, smart home tech has become more and more accessible and it’s increasingly easy to find that you’ve bought a product that includes smart home features. So what does a modem smart home look like, and how can you start building one? You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.
Ecobee 4
* Measuring both occupancy and temperature, its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode.
* It only takes about 30 minutes. thanks to an easy-to-follow installation guide and an in-app step-by-step walkthrough.
* Easily adjust temperature using your voice with built-in Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices.
Amazon Smart Plug
* Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control.
* Schedule lights, fans, and appliances to turn on and off automatically, or control them remotely when you’re away.
*It’s simple to set up and use. Plug in, open Alexa app, and start using your voice.
The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb
* It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control.
* Schedule your own custom lighting scenes. Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a pre-set time.
To install, simply screw (拧) the smart bulbs into your desired light location.
* Control smart-bulb-equipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App.
August Smart Lock Pro
* It works with Alexa for voice control (Alexa device sold separately)
* Control keyless access. It locks automatically behind you, and unlocks as you approach.
* Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver (螺丝刀) .
56. What do the four gadgets have in common?
A. Useful Philips Hue App. B. Beautiful lighting scenes.
C. Easy installation and simple set-up. D. Pleasant temperature.
57. This passage is intended to ________.
A. introduce the gadgets of smart home B. provide advice for home decoration
C. compare the gadgets with others D. show the popularity of the gadgets
【答案】56. C 57. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了包括Ecobee 4， Amazon Smart ，Plug The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb 以及August Smart Lock Pro四种可供家庭安装使用的智能家庭小工具。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。通过对比根据四段介绍内容可知，四种工具都提到了安装便捷，容易设置的特点。故选C。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后一句“You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.”告知了可以开始通过以下的小工具让你的家变得更智能，文章主要介绍了四种智能工具，故文章主要目的是为了介绍这些家庭智能工具。故选A。
B
We've all heard the saying: practice makes prefect! In other words, acquiring skills takes time and effort. But how exactly does one go about learning a complex subject such as tennis, calculus, or even how to play the violin? An age-old answer is: practice one skill at a time. A beginning pianist might rehearse scales(音阶) before chords(和弦). A young tennis player practices the forehand before the backhand. Learning researchers call this “blocking”， and because it is common and easy to schedule, blocking is dominant in schools, training programs, and other settings.
However another strategy promises improved results. Enter “interleaving”， a largely unheard-of technique that is catching the attention of cognitive(认知) psychologists and neuroscientists. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next (for example, “skill A” before “skill B” and so on, forming the pattern “AAABBBCCC”), while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together (forming for example the pattern “ABCABCABC”).
Over the past four decades, a small but growing body of research has found that interleaving often outperforms blocking for a variety of subjects, including sports and category learning. Yet there have been almost no studies of the technique in unplanned, real world settings-until recently. New research in schools finds that interleaving produces dramatic and long-lasting benefits for an essential skill: math. Not only does this finding have the potential to transform how math is taught, it may also change how people learn more generally.
Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results. One important explanation is that it improves the brain's ability to tell apart between concepts. With blocking, once you know what solution to use, or movement to do, the hard part is over. With interleaving, each practice attempt is different from the last, so rote(死记硬背) responses don't work. Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different solutions. That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.
A second explanation is that interleaving strengthens memory associations. With blocking, a single strategy，temporarily held in short-term memory, is sufficient. That's not the case with interleaving-the correct solution changes from one practice attempt to the next. As a result, your brain is continually engaged at regaining different responses and bringing them into short-term memory. Repeating that process can strengthen neural connections between different tasks and correct responses, which improves learning.
Both of these accounts imply that increased effort during training, either to discriminate correct responses or to strengthen them, is needed when interleaving is used. This corresponds to a potential drawback of the technique, namely that the learning process often feels more gradual and difficult in the beginning. However, that added effort can have better, longer-lasting results.
58. What can we learn from the new strategy of “interleaving”？
A. Studying related skills together has many impressive results.
B. Learning relevant skills together contributes to people mastering skills quickly.
C. Focusing on different skills at a time saves people time and efforts in the beginning.
D. Mixing up skills distracts people's attention, thus lessening efficiency.
59. Why does interleaving produce impressive results?
A. It can be scheduled easily.
B. It focuses on rote responses.
C. It is temporarily held in short-term memory.
D. It enables you to learn critical features of skills and concepts.
60. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next.
B. Correct solution often changes from one practice attempt to the next.
C. Practising one skill at a time plays an important role in learning a complex subject.
D. Studying related skills or concepts together is an effective way to train your brain.
【答案】58. A 59. D 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种被称为“交叉练习”的学习过程，以及这种学习过程收效良好的两种原因。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results.”可知交叉练习了产生非常令人印象深刻的结果，故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句“That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.”可知交叉练习这个过程可以提高学习技能和概念的关键特性的能力，从而使您能够更好地选择和生成正确的响应。故选D。
【60题详解】
主旨大意题。第二段最后一句“while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together”可知交叉练习是将几项相关技能结合起来练习，与第三段倒数第二句中“Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different solutions.”可知交叉练习中你的大脑必须不断地专注于寻找不同的解决方案，即学习相关的技能或概念是训练大脑的有效方法。故选D。
C
The latest IPCC report does not mince words(直言不讳地) about the state of our planet: we must act now to achieve global change at a scale that has “no documented historical precedent(先例)” in order to avoid the climate disaster that would result from a 2 degree C rise in average global temperature. Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.
So far, advocates and politicians have tended to focus on reducing fossil fuel(矿物燃料) consumption through technology and/or policy, such as a sharp carbon tax, as climate solutions. These proposals are, of course, essential to reducing manmade carbon emissions(排放)-71 percent of which are produced by just 100 fossil fuel companies.
Yet the international focus on fossil fuels has overshadowed(使显得不重要) the most powerful and cost-efficient carbon-capture technology the world has yet seen: forests. Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions” are absolutely essential in reducing climate change. In fact, natural climate solutions can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target, even though they currently receive only 2.5 percent of public climate financing.
Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering:_one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year. Recent research show undamaged forests are capable of storing the same amount of the carbon dioxide emissions of entire countries such as Peru and Colombia.
For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change. Protecting the world's forests ensures they can continue to provide essential functions aside from climate stability, including producing oxygen, filtering water and supporting biodiversity. Not only do all the world's people depend on forests to provide clean air, clean water，oxygen, and medicines, but 1.6 billion people rely on them directly for their livelihoods.
61. According to the passage, climate change ________.
A. will surely achieve at a scale that is more serious than ever before
B. will only affect people living in the poorest rural regions
C. is likely to lead to more frequent extreme weather events
D. is entirely determined by fossil fuel consumption
62. What's the finding of the new research?
A. Reducing fossil fuels is the most powerful and cost-efficient technology.
B. Forests are vital to reducing climate change due to their storage power.
C. Most of our climate targets can be accomplished with the help of natural climate solutions.
D. Natural climate solutions have proved less efficient than conventional solutions.
63. The underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A. astonishing B. speeding C. embarrassing D. shrinking
64. What's the author's purpose of writing this article?
A. To compare two different approaches to dealing with climate change.
B. To argue against the view that focus on fossil fuels reduction counts.
C. To urge scientists to do more research into natural climate solutions.
D. To point out forests are the most powerful weapon for fighting climate change.
【答案】61. C 62. B 63. A 64. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出森林在应对气候变化中的积极作用，提出要防止砍伐森林，保护森林。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后两句“Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed, we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.”可知气候变化会导致更多的极端天气如飓风、洪水、干旱、野火和更多。故选C。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第二句“Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions” are absolutely essential in reducing climate change.”可知最近的科学研究证实，森林和其他“自然气候解决方案”在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的。与第四段第一句“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide”（森林储存二氧化碳的能力）故选B。
【63题详解】
词义猜测题。第四段第一句中“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering: one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year.”可知森林通过简单的树木生长过程来储存二氧化碳的能力是惊人的:一棵树在一年内平均可以储存48磅的二氧化碳。故staggering的意思是“惊人的；令人震惊的”，故选A。
【64题详解】
主旨大意题。第五段第一句“For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change.”为此，政策制定者和商界领袖必须制定和加强雄心勃勃的政策，以防止森林砍伐，并支持可持续管理常林，以应对气候变化。可知作者认为森林是应对气候变化最有利的武器。故选D。
D
No one knew Prince Edward Street as well as Pierre Dupin. He had delivered milk to the families on the street for thirty years. For the past fifteen years a large white horse named Joseph pulled his milk wagon. Joseph was a gentle horse with beautiful spirit shining out of its eyes, so Pierre named him after Saint Joseph.
Every morning at five, Pierre arrived at the milk company's stables to find Joseph waiting for him, Pierre would call, “Good morning, my old friend.”， as he climbed into his seat, while Joseph turned his head toward the driver. And the two would go proudly down the street. Without any order from Pierre, the wagon would roll down three streets. Then it turned right for two streets, before turning left to Saint Catherine Street. The horse finally stopped at the first house on Prince Edward Street. There, Joseph would wait perhaps thirty seconds for Pierre to get down off his seat and put a bottle of milk at the front door.
Pierre knew every one of the forty families that got milk. The cooks knew that Pierre could not read or write; so, instead of leaving orders in an empty milk bottle, they simply sang out if they needed an extra bottle.
Pierre also had a wonderful memory. When he arrived at the stable he always remembered to tell Jacques, the foreman(领班) of the stables, “The Pacquins took an extra bottle this morning; the Lemoines bought a pint of cream ” Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.
One day the president of the milk company came to inspect the early morning milk deliveries.Jacques pointed to Pierre and said:”See how the horse listens and how he turns his head toward Pierre? See the look in that horse's eyes? You know, I think those two share a secret. I have often felt it. He is getting old. Maybe he ought to be given a rest, and a small pension.”
“But of course，” the president laughed. “He has been on this job now for thirty years. All who know him love him. Tell him it is time he rested. He will get his pay every week as before.”
But Pierre refused to leave his job. He said his life would be nothing if he could not drive Joseph every day. “We are two old men，” he said to Jacques. “Let us wear out together. When Joseph is ready to leave, then I too will do so.”
Then one cold morning Jacques had terrible news for Pierre. Jacques said，”Pierre, your horse, Joseph, didn't wake up. He was very old, Pierre.” Jacques said softly. “He is over in his stall, looking very peaceful. Go over and see him.” Pierre took one step forward, then turned. “No no I cannot see Joseph again. You ， you don't understand, Jacques.”
For years Pierre had worn a large heavy cap that came down low over his eyes.It kept out the bitter cold wind. Now, Jacques looked into Pierre's eyes and he saw something that shocked him. He saw a dead, lifeless look in them.
“Take the day off, Pierre，” Jacques said. Pierre walked to the corner and stepped into the street.There was a warning shout from the driver of a big truck there was the screech(尖锐的刹车声) of rubber tires as the truck tried to stop. But Pierre heard nothing.
Five minutes later a doctor said, “He's dead ， killed instantly.”
“I couldn't help it，” the truck driver said. “He walked in front of my truck. He never saw it, I guess. Why, he walked as though he were blind.”
The doctor bent down. “Blind？Of course, this man has been blind for five years.” He turned to Jacques, “Didn't you know he was blind？”
“No no ” Jacques said softly. “None of us knew. Only one only one knew－a friend of his, named Joseph It was a secret, I think, just between those two.”
65. According to the first three paragraphs, we can know that ________.
A. Joseph was named after an unknown man
B. Pierre knew all the small streets in the city better than anyone else
C. Joseph managed to deliver milk by itself even without Pierre's company
D. Pierre and Joseph seemed to understand each other and cooperated very well
66. Why did Pierre refuse to leave his job?
A. He thought he was not old enough to retire.
B. The pension was too small to support his life.
C. He was unwilling to be separated from Joseph.
D. He wanted to get promoted to foreman.
67. Which of the following can best describe Pierre?
A. well-received and trustworthy B. cruel and greedy
C. sensitive and humorous D. creative and enthusiastic
68. The underlined sentences imply that ________.
A. Jacques had known the fact that Pierre was blind for a long time
B. the death of Joseph drove Pierre to despair of life
C. Pierre wanted to commit suicide because of his blindness
D. Jacques was afraid to see Pierre's empty eyes
69. Which of the following does NOT indicate Pierre's blindness?
A. Pierre knew every one of the forty families that got milk.
B. You know, I think those two share a secret. I have often felt it.
C. I cannot see Joseph again. You don't understand, Jacques.
D. For years Pierre had worn a large heavy cap that came down low over his eyes.
70. What is the best title for the passage?
A. A caring friend B. A caring milk company
C. A secret of a horse D. A secret for two
【答案】65. D 66. C 67. A 68. B 69. A 70. D
【解析】
分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位名叫皮埃尔的送奶工和他叫做约瑟夫的马的十五年里一起送奶。后来约瑟夫去世后不久，皮埃尔也因车祸相继去世。他的朋友才得知他早已失明五年的故事。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Every morning at five, Pierre arrived at the milk company's stables to find Joseph waiting for him, Pierre would call, “Good morning, my old friend.”, as he climbed into his seat, while Joseph turned his head toward the driver.”通过每天送奶的日常片段可知约瑟夫与皮埃尔互相了解，合作默契。故选D。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。第七段第二句“He said his life would be nothing if he could not drive Joseph every day.”皮埃尔说如果他不能每天驾着约瑟夫，他的生命就没有意义了。可知他不愿离开的原因是不想离开约瑟夫。故选C。
【67题详解】
判断推理题。根据文章内容皮埃尔对他的送奶马的珍爱以及第四段最后一句“Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.”（大多数司机不得不每周开账单，然后收钱。但是雅克喜欢皮埃尔，从来没有让他这样做过。）可知皮埃尔是一个受欢迎的，值得人们信赖的人。故选A。
【68题详解】
句意猜测题。句意：雅克看着皮埃尔的眼睛，他看到了令他震惊的东西。他看到脸上有一种死一般的表情。可知约瑟夫的死亡让皮埃尔感到对生活绝望，故选B。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。皮埃尔能够记住四十户要送奶的人家，并没有暗示他已经失明了。故选A。
【70题详解】
主旨大意题。皮埃尔在去世后他的朋友才得知他早已失明，而朋友之前也总感觉皮埃尔和约瑟夫之间有秘密，而这个秘密就是皮埃尔已经失明。故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题
推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“ 言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问：
What can you infer /learn/conclude from the passage?
What’s the author’s attitude toward……?
What does the passage suggest?
The author in this passage intends to __________。
答推理题时，一般无法直接从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例子进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。如本文的第三小题Which of the following can best describe Pierre?本题从文章中无法直接找到答案，而在推理前首要的是要阅读理解选项：
A. well-received and trustworthy （受欢迎和可靠）B. cruel and greedy（残忍和贪婪）
C. sensitive and humorous（敏感和幽默的） D. creative and enthusiastic（有创造力和热情的）
再从文章的细节进行推理。如从第四段中的“Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.”一句可知，别的司机都必须每周写账单收钱，但是皮埃尔不同，这正是他人对他的一种信任，因为皮埃尔是个可信赖的人。再根据选项中定位与信任相关的选项。
做这类题时一定要注意：准确把握字里行间的意思，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的观点。特别注意表达情感、态度和观点的词语。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Decoding the young brain
There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult.After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult felt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite.
The secret lies in the science of the developing brain.The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question.As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful.However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works.As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.
The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.
When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain.But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.
That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”
To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.
Decoding the young brain
An experiment on a young child
A young child answered the question _____71_____ the top of his head while an adult paused, and _____72_____ twice before he found an answer.
Causes of the ______73______ reflected in the experiment
The developing brain of the young child contributed to his honest answer.
◆He was more likely to hurt or offend others ______74______ he didn't intend to do so.
◆It's just the way his brain works and with him growing up, that changes.
Billions of neurons ______75______up the human brain have their own mechanism for functioning.
◆The neurons have to communicate with each other, helping us employ our senses and remember things.
◆A person may ______76______ the smell of a cookie with the memory of eating it.
◆A younger brain is more impulsive compared with an adult's.
A young child's having a natural ______77______ to seek pleasure and take risks results from his young brain.
◆This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people act in an impulsive way.
◆Warned many times before, a young child will still try something _____78_____ or risky.
A conclusion drawn from the experiment
An adult's ability to control his impulses is much ______79______ and a young child is not ______80______ being naughty when they make hurtful or offensive answers.
【答案】71. off
72. thought
73. phenomenon
74. although/though
75. making 76. associate
77. Tendency
78. dangerous
79. stronger/greater
80. necessarily
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。说明了小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不是故意为之，而是因为儿童的大脑还没有发育完全，不具备在回答问题前过滤信息的功能导致的。
【71题详解】
由第一段““What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.””可知，对于提出的问题，孩子的回答总是答非所问，脱离话题。故填off“脱离；离开”。
【72题详解】
第一段最后一句“his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer”可知孩子得出答案前总是会考虑再三。且实验已经发生在过去，故填一般过去时thought。
【73题详解】
第一段通过实验引出后文中分析造成这种现象的原因，故填phenomenon。
【74题详解】
由第二段倒数第二句“As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult;”可知虽然孩子会说一些伤人的话，但是他们并不是有意的。故第四题填连词although/though“虽然；尽管”。
【75题详解】
第三段第一句“The human brain is made up of billions of neurons”可知数十亿的神经元组成了人类的大脑。本句已经存在非谓语动词have，故make做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故填making。
【76题详解】
第三段最后一句“They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.”可知神经元通过味觉或者触觉帮助我们记住事物，故一个人可能会把饼干的味道和吃饼干的记忆联系起来。故填associate。
【77题详解】
第五段第一句“That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.”（孩子的大脑就会以一种“连线”的方式来寻找快乐，并且比成年人更愿意冒险。）故可知一个年幼的孩子有一种寻求快乐和冒险的自然倾向，这是由他幼小的大脑决定的。故填tendency“倾向；趋势”。
【78题详解】
第五段倒数第一、二句 “Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”可知即使父母警告过多次，孩子还是会去尝试危险和冒险的食物。故填dangerous。
【79题详解】
由最后一段第一句“what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.”可知成年人比小孩子控制冲动的能力更强、更好。故填stronger或greater。
【80题详解】
最后一段第二句“It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains.”可知因为大脑构造的关系，小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不一定总是因为淘气。故填necessarily。
第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)
81.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
A Chinese boy is reported to have spent about 2 million yuan in studying in New Zealand but failed to get any diploma. He even could not take care of himself and his grandmother had to feed him.
The man in the case is a so-called adult baby, because his deeds make him almost the same as a baby. He cannot take care of himself. He is unable to go to school, let alone finish studies. He even relies on his grandmother to feed him.
However, he burns money faster than any normal student. He spent about 2 million yuan in two years overseas, but could not finish even the preparatory courses. We do not mean to judge his choice, but someone who lacks the basic ability to survive has little chance of success in any modern society.
In a later interview, the mother of the boy was in tears and said she regretted not having taught her son well.She also told the story about how she “educated” her son: meeting all his demands, even the unreasonable ones. When he did not perform well in school, she simply spent money in sending him overseas; she would buy whatever he wanted. That was bad for her and bad for him.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个单词概括文章大意；
2. 谈谈你如何看待“巨婴”现象，然后用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】内容完整、语言规范、语篇连贯、词数适当。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Chinese boy consumed a large sum of money in two years overseas. What's worse, he couldn't live on himself and didn't get a diploma eventually.
The phenomenon sets me thinking. The boy depicted in the passage is not the single case, resulting from several factors. First and foremost, there exist some parents spoiling the young and giving whatever their children want, even though their demands are irrational occasionally. In the second place, some parents focus more on children's academic performances, ignoring the education of survival skills. Last but not least, some young people are self-centered and take it for granted that others serve them.
From where I stand, it's high time that we took some measures to cope with this problem. To begin with, parents should strike a balance between discipline and love, letting their children try something themselves. Additionally, the young should establish proper values and communicate more with others.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求写一篇议论文； 要求为：1. 以约30个单词概括文章大意；2. 谈谈你如何看待“巨婴”现象，然后用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如： single case个别案例；First and foremost首要的是；irrational不合理的；academic performances学校表现；education of survival skills生存技能教育；Last but not least最后也是最重要的；self-centered自我中心的；take it for granted理所当然；cope with处理；establish proper values树立合适的价值观。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如The boy depicted in the passage is not the single case, resulting from several factors.使用了现在分词的使用以丰富句式；First and foremost, there exist some parents spoiling the young and giving whatever their children want, even though their demands are irrational occasionally. 同时运用宾语从句和状语从句，全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节， 满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
How did the woman feel about her presentation?
A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Anxious.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M:Well,I’m glad that’s over. I’ve been worried about that presentation all week. W: I was the same when I did mine. The night before I kept thinking what could go wrong.
2.
Who built the scenery?
A. A carpenter. B. The students. C. A designer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did the student build the scenery for the program? W: No, they had a carpenter make it according to their designs.
3.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Which orders are urgent.
B. How many orders they've packed.
C. Whether to leave work right now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How many orders do we still need to pack? It’s time to go home. M: About ten more. W: Maybe we can finish it tomorrow. M: Why not? These orders are not urgent. We could do it first thing tomorrow morning.
4.
How did the woman read the book?
A. She read through it.
B. She read the front chapters.
C. She read the chapters that interested her.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you read the whole book since noon today? W: Oh, I haven’t read it straight through the way you read a novel. A few chapters were on the topic that interested me. So I just read those.
5.
What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Come to his house at 8:00.
B. Attend a gathering.
C. Help him with a job.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:Hi, Lucy. I’m happy to get together when a few friends at my house to celebrate my job. It would be great to see you. W:When are you starting? M:At about 8. But feel free to arrive when you want.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. In a park. B. In a hospital. C. At home.
7. When did the man get hurt?
A. When he was running. B. When he was cooking. C. When he was climbing a tree.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What on earth has happened to you? M: I tripped up when I was running in the park. I fell on a bid of tree or something. W: Let me see. It’s quite a deep cut. You’d better wash it in the bathroom. M: Yeah, I will. W: You know, if I were you, I’d go down an emergency room in the hospital. M: I’m not going all the way to the hospital about a cut. W: If it doesn’t stop bleeding, I’ll give the doctor a ring. M: Ok, please looking our first-aid box and give me some bandages.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How did the man know about the shared house?
A. From an online advert. B. From a newspaper. C. From a flatmate.
9. Why does the man want to move out of the shared house?
A. It is quite noisy. B. It is too crowded. C. It is dirty at weekends.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What happened to the man on Saturday morning?
A. His car broke down. B. He got lost in the forest. C. He was caught in the rain.
11. How long did it take the man to find the campsite around the forest?
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
12. Where did the man stay this weekend?
A. In a hotel. B. At home. C. At the campsite.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Boss and clerk.
C. Fellow workers.
14. Where has the woman been working?
A. In a library. B. In a small bookshop. C. In a branch of a big company.
15. What does the woman say about Raystone's?
A. It is independent. B. It is growing quickly. C. It offers good online service.
16. How would the woman describe herself?
A. Ambitious. B. Successful. C. Reliable.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What did the speaker do after lunch on the first day?
A. He walked into the woodlands.
B. He visited a zoo in the field center.
C. He listened to a speech from an expert.
18. What did Bill say was 100 years old?
A. The stone wall. B. The wooden bridge. C. The iron gate.
19. Why did the speaker go out the next morning?
A. To get familiar with local areas.
B. To collect water for analyses.
C. To find out air pollutants.
20. What was the best presentation about?
A. Fish farming.
B. Difficulties in hill farming.
C. Combination of modern and tradition farming.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B
【解析】
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21.Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of ________.
A. inspiration B. composition C. occupation D. combination
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词词义辨析。
【详解】A. inspiration 灵感；B. composition作曲；C. occupation占有；D. combination组合。句意：历史遗迹以其惊人的美给作家留下深刻印象，这是一个伟大的灵感来源。根据句意故选A。
22.The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners.
A. ignore B. identify C. applaud D. satisfy
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家餐馆的女服务员通常很体贴，但这次她似乎忽视了客人。A. ignore忽视；B. identify认出；C. applaud喝彩；D. satisfy 使……满意。上文提到女服务员体贴，而下文中but“然而；但是”表转折，指下文与上文的“体贴”形成对比。故选A项。
23.-How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?
-Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A. with which B. in which C. of which D. by which
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查定语从句。
【详解】句意：-我怎样才能和旅行社取得联系呢，罗宾? -上网，然后打电话给其中一个提供的电话号码。本句为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，先行词为one，与从句the telephone number构成所属关系，故选C。
【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义（重中之重）
1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词搭配关系选择。
I never forget the day on which I came to this school. (on the day)
如本题中是考查定语从句中先行词与介词的搭配关系，完整结构为the telephone number of one，可知one与telephone number构成所属关系，故用介词of。
二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。
This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan. (spend money on sth.)
3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
This is my pair of glasses, __without which__I cannot see clearly.
24.Governments around the world increasingly ________ artificial intelligence to help promote economic growth.
A. put out B. roll out C. make out D. reach out
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。
【详解】句意：世界各国政府越来越多地推出人工智能来帮助促进经济增长。A. put out熄灭；B. roll out推出；C. make out理解；认出；D. reach out伸出。根据句意故选B。
25.Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.
A. while B. until C. since D. before
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词辨析。
【详解】句意：大多数人在任何结果出现之前就放弃了;他们放弃得太早，放弃的人永远不会成功。A. while当……时候；B. until直到……C. since自从……以来；D. before 在……之前。由下文的they give up too soon太快放弃可知，大多数人是在结果出现之前就放弃了。故选D。
26.China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System has started providing global services, ________ to become complete around 2020.
A. being scheduled B. scheduled C. to schedule D. scheduling
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查非谓语动词。
【详解】句意：中国的北斗导航卫星系统已经开始提供全球服务，计划在2020年左右完成。本句已经存在谓语动词start且句中没有连词，故schedule做非谓语动词。又因逻辑主语与schedule之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词scheduled。故选B。
27.I felt like giving up. I probably ________， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A. would have B. would C. should D. should have
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查过去将来时。
【详解】句意：我想放弃。我可能总会放弃的，但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。”本句为过去将来时。指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去，即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。故选A。
28.-Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
-________， but your room price doesn't cover it.
A. No hurry B. No wonder C. No offence D. No problem
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查固定短语辨析。
【详解】句意：-对不起，为什么不允许我使用健身房? –无意冒犯,但是你的房间价格不包括它。本题考查固定短语辨析。A. No hurry不必着急；B. No wonder难怪；C. No offence无意冒犯；D. No problem没问题。由下文“你的房间价格不包括健身房”可知，前面是礼貌用语无意冒犯。故选C。
29.Due to large investment in housing, many cities can ________ the flow of new arrivals, improving the quality of their life.
A. give rise to B. make way for C. take part in D. keep pace with
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。
【详解】句意：由于在住房方面的大量投资，许多城市能够跟上新移民的步伐，改善他们的生活质量。A. give rise to使发生；引起；B. make way for让路；C. take part in参加；D. keep pace with跟上；保持同步。由下文improving the quality of their life提高生活质量可推理上文应是跟上移民步伐，故选D。
30.I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A. have exposed B. had been exposed C. have been exposed D. was exposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态。
【详解】句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。
31.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.
A. out of danger B. on the run C. out of sight D. on the rise
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词短语。
【详解】句意：尽管存在明显的隐私问题，但面部识别技术的使用在一些公共场所正在兴起。A. out of danger脱离危险；B. on the run在逃；奔波；C. out of sight看不见；D. on the rise 增长。根据连词despite“尽管；虽然”可知下文的内容与上文形成对比。再根据选项的意思，故选D。
32.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A. was held B. would hold C. has hold D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态语态。
【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。
33.Nicholas was very kind, merciful and generous. This is ________ Father Christmas is based on.
A. where B. how C. what D. why
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词性从句连接词。
【详解】句意：尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨。这就是圣诞老人的由来。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
【点睛】名词性从句连接词选择方法
[连接代词]
当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，使用连接代词。常用的有what，who（m），whoever，which，whose等。what根据不同语境和所表示的意思可以灵活翻译成“……的（话、东西、地方、时候、样子等）”；who具有疑问意义，意思是“谁”；whoever没有疑问意义，意思是“……的任何人”，相当于anybody who；which意思是“哪一个”；whose在句中作定语。
如本题考查表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
[连接副词]
当名词性从句中主干齐全，根据意思我们判断出缺少状语时，使用连接副词。常用的有when， where， why和how，分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。这些连接副词既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语。
[从属连词]
当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，使用从属连词引导。从属连词有that， whether和if。当从句中不缺少成分，只是陈述一件事实时，用that引导；当从句中不缺少成分，有“是否”的含义时，用whether或if引导。
whether与if在引导动词后的宾语从句时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
1. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
2. 引导表语从句时；
3. 引导从句作介词宾语时；
4. 从句后有or not时；
5. 后接动词不定式时。
34.I wish you wouldn't be so________； you make faces at everything I say.
A. weird B. polite C. reluctant D. serious
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查形容词词义辨析。
【详解】句意：我希望你不要那么古怪,我说的一切你都做鬼脸。由下文的make faces可知上文应是要求不要捣乱，装怪。A. weird怪异的；B. polite有礼貌的；C. reluctant相关的；D. serious严肃的。根据选项可知应选A。
35.-Who do you think is able to finish the job in two days?
-It's hard to say. This would appear to be ________ for the relatively efficient.
A. a sacred cow B. a Herculean task C. a Pandora's box D. a child's play
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查短语辨析。
【详解】句意：-你认为谁能在两天内完成这项工作?-很难说。对于效率相对较高的人来说，这似乎是一项艰巨的任务。A. a sacred cow圣牛；B. a Herculean task极为艰巨的任务；C. a Pandora's box潘多拉的盒子；D. a child's play 轻而易举之事。由上文hard to say可知两天内要完成工作相对困难。根据选项意思故选B。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last summer I went on a twoday river rafting trip with my teenage daughter as the river guide. I was proud to see my baby girl _____36_____ and confidently moving our raft through a variety of ___37___ whitewater conditions. I also found it____38____to have my daughter giving commands and barking ___39___ as to when and how to paddle(用桨划船)．
As we approached the largest ___40___ on the river I could feel my heart beating faster. Upon ___41___ the turbulent(湍急的) water, our boat got ____42____ on a large rock. I was in the front of the boat and reached ___43___ with my paddle, thinking I would help ___44___ us away from the rock. In the next instant I could feel myself falling out of the boat and into the river. I did have my moments of ___45___ and terror.
This resistance disappeared quickly, ___46___ I landed in the cold, powerfully turbulent water. ___47___ my highquality flotation vest, I was pulled underwater, ___48___ thankfully, within seconds I popped(冒出) back up to the ___49___. A few moments later one of the other trip leaders called for me to ___50___ toward his boat, where I was quickly pulled up and in. I was shaken, out of breath, and quite ___51___to be out of the turbulent water.
An equivalent of this experience happens all the time in our lives. This is life. You cannot count on things going ___52___. When we do, we often ___53___ disappointed and unhappy. Resisting ___54___， which often arrives suddenly and unexpectedly, keeps us from ___55___ the scenario(可能要发生的事) unfolding before us clearly, and it can keep us from acting in ways that are smart and effective and that lead to results that make us feel good and proud of ourselves.
36. A. painfully B. gradually C. extremely D. skillfully
37. A. freezing B. challenging C. fascinating D. thrilling
38. A. ashamed B. annoying C. unbearable D. troublesome
39. A. opinions B. lectures C. orders D. lessons
40. A. rapid B. rock C. gap D. target
41. A. pouring B. pumping C. entering D. covering
42. A. occupied B. stuck C. rescued D. damaged
43. A. backward B. down C. forward D. across
44. A. scare B. hide C. pull D. push
45. A. excitement B. performance C. suffering D. resistance
46. A. before B. while C. because D. as
47. A. With B. Despite C. In D. Below
48. A. but B. therefore C. so D. or
49. A. boat B. surface C. water D. terror
50. A. wander B. flow C. float D. swing
51. A. shocked B. relieved C. disturbed D. embarrassed
52. A. potentially B. randomly C. smoothly D. quickly
53. A. wind up B. hurry up C. think up D. come up
54. A. change B. temptation C. pressure D. effort
55. A. assessing B. seeing C. appreciating D. minding
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者一次与女儿玩漂流的过程中，因为推卡在岩石上的船只，不慎落入水中，最终得救的故事。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. painfully痛苦地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极其地；D. skillfully巧妙地。句意：看到我的小女儿熟练而自信地挪动我们的木筏，我感到很自豪。对应下文confidently故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. freezing冰冻；B. challenging挑战的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。由下文white-water conditions可知水很湍急，很具有挑战性，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. annoying讨厌的；C. unbearable难以忍受的；D. troublesome麻烦的。由下文可知女儿冲“我”发号施令，“我”感到很羞愧。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. opinions意见；B. lectures演讲；C. orders命令；顺序；D. lessons课程。上文提到了commands“指令”此处对应orders“命令”，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. rapid急流；B. rock岩石；C. gap缺口；D. target目标。句意：当我们接近河上最大的急流时，我能感觉到我的心跳加快了。根据句意选A。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. pouring倾泻；B. pumping抽吸；C. entering进入；D. covering覆盖。上文提到了靠近最大的急流，故本处应指“进入”急流中。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. occupied已占用的；B. stuck 被卡住的；C. rescued 营救；D. damaged被破坏的。根据后文“我”将船推离岩石可知此处船一进入急流就被卡在岩石上了。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. backward 向后；B. down向下；C. forward向前；D. across横过。上文提到“我”在船的前方可知“我”用浆向前划。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. scare惊吓；B. hide隐藏；C. pull拉；D. push推动。上文船被卡在大岩石上，因此“我”想帮助船推离岩石。Push away“推开”，故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. excitement兴奋；刺激；B. performance表演；C. suffering苦难；D. resistance反抗。根据下文This resistance disappeared quickly可知选D。
【46题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. as 一……就。句意：我一落入冰冷湍急的水中，这种阻力很快就消失了。as连接时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”故选D。
【47题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. With和…在一起；B. Despite尽管；C. In按照；用；D. Below 在……下面。句意：尽管我有高质量的浮力背心，我还是被拉到水下。前后表转折，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. but但是；B. therefore因此；C. so所以；D. or或者。虽然被水流拉到了水下，根据下文作者不久就浮出了水面。前后表转折，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. boat船；B. surface表面；C. water水；D. terror恐怖。句意：在几秒钟内我冒出了水面。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. wander漫步；B. flow流动；C. float漂浮；D. swing摇摆。句意：几分钟后，另一位领队叫我朝他的船漂去。作者此刻漂在水中，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. shocked震惊的；B. relieved如释重负的；C. disturbed扰乱的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。能够得救作者感到如释重负，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. potentially潜在地；B. randomly随机地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. quickly快地。句意：你不能指望事情都一帆风顺。根据句意选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. wind up紧张；B. hurry up赶快；C. think up 想出；D. come up发生。由作者自身经历可知，不顺发生时我们一开始总是紧张，失望和不开心。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. change变化；B. temptation诱惑；C. pressure压力；D. effort努力。由下文suddenly and unexpectedly，可知应选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. assessing评估；B. seeing看见；C. appreciating感激；D. minding介意。句意：阻止我们清楚地看到眼前的情景。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Over the past few years, smart home tech has become more and more accessible and it’s increasingly easy to find that you’ve bought a product that includes smart home features. So what does a modem smart home look like, and how can you start building one? You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.
Ecobee 4
* Measuring both occupancy and temperature, its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode.
* It only takes about 30 minutes. thanks to an easy-to-follow installation guide and an in-app step-by-step walkthrough.
* Easily adjust temperature using your voice with built-in Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices.
Amazon Smart Plug
* Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control.
* Schedule lights, fans, and appliances to turn on and off automatically, or control them remotely when you’re away.
*It’s simple to set up and use. Plug in, open Alexa app, and start using your voice.
The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb
* It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control.
* Schedule your own custom lighting scenes. Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a pre-set time.
To install, simply screw (拧) the smart bulbs into your desired light location.
* Control smart-bulb-equipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App.
August Smart Lock Pro
* It works with Alexa for voice control (Alexa device sold separately)
* Control keyless access. It locks automatically behind you, and unlocks as you approach.
* Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver (螺丝刀) .
56. What do the four gadgets have in common?
A. Useful Philips Hue App. B. Beautiful lighting scenes.
C. Easy installation and simple set-up. D. Pleasant temperature.
57. This passage is intended to ________.
A. introduce the gadgets of smart home B. provide advice for home decoration
C. compare the gadgets with others D. show the popularity of the gadgets
【答案】56. C 57. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了包括Ecobee 4， Amazon Smart ，Plug The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb 以及August Smart Lock Pro四种可供家庭安装使用的智能家庭小工具。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。通过对比根据四段介绍内容可知，四种工具都提到了安装便捷，容易设置的特点。故选C。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后一句“You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.”告知了可以开始通过以下的小工具让你的家变得更智能，文章主要介绍了四种智能工具，故文章主要目的是为了介绍这些家庭智能工具。故选A。
B
We've all heard the saying: practice makes prefect! In other words, acquiring skills takes time and effort. But how exactly does one go about learning a complex subject such as tennis, calculus, or even how to play the violin? An age-old answer is: practice one skill at a time. A beginning pianist might rehearse scales(音阶) before chords(和弦). A young tennis player practices the forehand before the backhand. Learning researchers call this “blocking”， and because it is common and easy to schedule, blocking is dominant in schools, training programs, and other settings.
However another strategy promises improved results. Enter “interleaving”， a largely unheard-of technique that is catching the attention of cognitive(认知) psychologists and neuroscientists. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next (for example, “skill A” before “skill B” and so on, forming the pattern “AAABBBCCC”), while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together (forming for example the pattern “ABCABCABC”).
Over the past four decades, a small but growing body of research has found that interleaving often outperforms blocking for a variety of subjects, including sports and category learning. Yet there have been almost no studies of the technique in unplanned, real world settings-until recently. New research in schools finds that interleaving produces dramatic and long-lasting benefits for an essential skill: math. Not only does this finding have the potential to transform how math is taught, it may also change how people learn more generally.
Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results. One important explanation is that it improves the brain's ability to tell apart between concepts. With blocking, once you know what solution to use, or movement to do, the hard part is over. With interleaving, each practice attempt is different from the last, so rote(死记硬背) responses don't work. Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different solutions. That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.
A second explanation is that interleaving strengthens memory associations. With blocking, a single strategy，temporarily held in short-term memory, is sufficient. That's not the case with interleaving-the correct solution changes from one practice attempt to the next. As a result, your brain is continually engaged at regaining different responses and bringing them into short-term memory. Repeating that process can strengthen neural connections between different tasks and correct responses, which improves learning.
Both of these accounts imply that increased effort during training, either to discriminate correct responses or to strengthen them, is needed when interleaving is used. This corresponds to a potential drawback of the technique, namely that the learning process often feels more gradual and difficult in the beginning. However, that added effort can have better, longer-lasting results.
58. What can we learn from the new strategy of “interleaving”？
A. Studying related skills together has many impressive results.
B. Learning relevant skills together contributes to people mastering skills quickly.
C. Focusing on different skills at a time saves people time and efforts in the beginning.
D. Mixing up skills distracts people's attention, thus lessening efficiency.
59. Why does interleaving produce impressive results?
A. It can be scheduled easily.
B. It focuses on rote responses.
C. It is temporarily held in short-term memory.
D. It enables you to learn critical features of skills and concepts.
60. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next.
B. Correct solution often changes from one practice attempt to the next.
C. Practising one skill at a time plays an important role in learning a complex subject.
D. Studying related skills or concepts together is an effective way to train your brain.
【答案】58. A 59. D 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种被称为“交叉练习”的学习过程，以及这种学习过程收效良好的两种原因。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results.”可知交叉练习了产生非常令人印象深刻的结果，故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句“That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.”可知交叉练习这个过程可以提高学习技能和概念的关键特性的能力，从而使您能够更好地选择和生成正确的响应。故选D。
【60题详解】
主旨大意题。第二段最后一句“while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together”可知交叉练习是将几项相关技能结合起来练习，与第三段倒数第二句中“Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different solutions.”可知交叉练习中你的大脑必须不断地专注于寻找不同的解决方案，即学习相关的技能或概念是训练大脑的有效方法。故选D。
C
The latest IPCC report does not mince words(直言不讳地) about the state of our planet: we must act now to achieve global change at a scale that has “no documented historical precedent(先例)” in order to avoid the climate disaster that would result from a 2 degree C rise in average global temperature. Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.
So far, advocates and politicians have tended to focus on reducing fossil fuel(矿物燃料) consumption through technology and/or policy, such as a sharp carbon tax, as climate solutions. These proposals are, of course, essential to reducing manmade carbon emissions(排放)-71 percent of which are produced by just 100 fossil fuel companies.
Yet the international focus on fossil fuels has overshadowed(使显得不重要) the most powerful and cost-efficient carbon-capture technology the world has yet seen: forests. Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions” are absolutely essential in reducing climate change. In fact, natural climate solutions can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target, even though they currently receive only 2.5 percent of public climate financing.
Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering:_one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year. Recent research show undamaged forests are capable of storing the same amount of the carbon dioxide emissions of entire countries such as Peru and Colombia.
For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change. Protecting the world's forests ensures they can continue to provide essential functions aside from climate stability, including producing oxygen, filtering water and supporting biodiversity. Not only do all the world's people depend on forests to provide clean air, clean water，oxygen, and medicines, but 1.6 billion people rely on them directly for their livelihoods.
61. According to the passage, climate change ________.
A. will surely achieve at a scale that is more serious than ever before
B. will only affect people living in the poorest rural regions
C. is likely to lead to more frequent extreme weather events
D. is entirely determined by fossil fuel consumption
62. What's the finding of the new research?
A. Reducing fossil fuels is the most powerful and cost-efficient technology.
B. Forests are vital to reducing climate change due to their storage power.
C. Most of our climate targets can be accomplished with the help of natural climate solutions.
D. Natural climate solutions have proved less efficient than conventional solutions.
63. The underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A. astonishing B. speeding C. embarrassing D. shrinking
64. What's the author's purpose of writing this article?
A. To compare two different approaches to dealing with climate change.
B. To argue against the view that focus on fossil fuels reduction counts.
C. To urge scientists to do more research into natural climate solutions.
D. To point out forests are the most powerful weapon for fighting climate change.
【答案】61. C 62. B 63. A 64. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出森林在应对气候变化中的积极作用，提出要防止砍伐森林，保护森林。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后两句“Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed, we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.”可知气候变化会导致更多的极端天气如飓风、洪水、干旱、野火和更多。故选C。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第二句“Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions” are absolutely essential in reducing climate change.”可知最近的科学研究证实，森林和其他“自然气候解决方案”在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的。与第四段第一句“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide”（森林储存二氧化碳的能力）故选B。
【63题详解】
词义猜测题。第四段第一句中“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering: one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year.”可知森林通过简单的树木生长过程来储存二氧化碳的能力是惊人的:一棵树在一年内平均可以储存48磅的二氧化碳。故staggering的意思是“惊人的；令人震惊的”，故选A。
【64题详解】
主旨大意题。第五段第一句“For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change.”为此，政策制定者和商界领袖必须制定和加强雄心勃勃的政策，以防止森林砍伐，并支持可持续管理常林，以应对气候变化。可知作者认为森林是应对气候变化最有利的武器。故选D。
D
No one knew Prince Edward Street as well as Pierre Dupin. He had delivered milk to the families on the street for thirty years. For the past fifteen years a large white horse named Joseph pulled his milk wagon. Joseph was a gentle horse with beautiful spirit shining out of its eyes, so Pierre named him after Saint Joseph.
Every morning at five, Pierre arrived at the milk company's stables to find Joseph waiting for him, Pierre would call, “Good morning, my old friend.”， as he climbed into his seat, while Joseph turned his head toward the driver. And the two would go proudly down the street. Without any order from Pierre, the wagon would roll down three streets. Then it turned right for two streets, before turning left to Saint Catherine Street. The horse finally stopped at the first house on Prince Edward Street. There, Joseph would wait perhaps thirty seconds for Pierre to get down off his seat and put a bottle of milk at the front door.
Pierre knew every one of the forty families that got milk. The cooks knew that Pierre could not read or write; so, instead of leaving orders in an empty milk bottle, they simply sang out if they needed an extra bottle.
Pierre also had a wonderful memory. When he arrived at the stable he always remembered to tell Jacques, the foreman(领班) of the stables, “The Pacquins took an extra bottle this morning; the Lemoines bought a pint of cream ” Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.
One day the president of the milk company came to inspect the early morning milk deliveries.Jacques pointed to Pierre and said:”See how the horse listens and how he turns his head toward Pierre? See the look in that horse's eyes? You know, I think those two share a secret. I have often felt it. He is getting old. Maybe he ought to be given a rest, and a small pension.”
“But of course，” the president laughed. “He has been on this job now for thirty years. All who know him love him. Tell him it is time he rested. He will get his pay every week as before.”
But Pierre refused to leave his job. He said his life would be nothing if he could not drive Joseph every day. “We are two old men，” he said to Jacques. “Let us wear out together. When Joseph is ready to leave, then I too will do so.”
Then one cold morning Jacques had terrible news for Pierre. Jacques said，”Pierre, your horse, Joseph, didn't wake up. He was very old, Pierre.” Jacques said softly. “He is over in his stall, looking very peaceful. Go over and see him.” Pierre took one step forward, then turned. “No no I cannot see Joseph again. You ， you don't understand, Jacques.”
For years Pierre had worn a large heavy cap that came down low over his eyes.It kept out the bitter cold wind. Now, Jacques looked into Pierre's eyes and he saw something that shocked him. He saw a dead, lifeless look in them.
“Take the day off, Pierre，” Jacques said. Pierre walked to the corner and stepped into the street.There was a warning shout from the driver of a big truck there was the screech(尖锐的刹车声) of rubber tires as the truck tried to stop. But Pierre heard nothing.
Five minutes later a doctor said, “He's dead ， killed instantly.”
“I couldn't help it，” the truck driver said. “He walked in front of my truck. He never saw it, I guess. Why, he walked as though he were blind.”
The doctor bent down. “Blind？Of course, this man has been blind for five years.” He turned to Jacques, “Didn't you know he was blind？”
“No no ” Jacques said softly. “None of us knew. Only one only one knew－a friend of his, named Joseph It was a secret, I think, just between those two.”
65. According to the first three paragraphs, we can know that ________.
A. Joseph was named after an unknown man
B. Pierre knew all the small streets in the city better than anyone else
C. Joseph managed to deliver milk by itself even without Pierre's company
D. Pierre and Joseph seemed to understand each other and cooperated very well
66. Why did Pierre refuse to leave his job?
A. He thought he was not old enough to retire.
B. The pension was too small to support his life.
C. He was unwilling to be separated from Joseph.
D. He wanted to get promoted to foreman.
67. Which of the following can best describe Pierre?
A. well-received and trustworthy B. cruel and greedy
C. sensitive and humorous D. creative and enthusiastic
68. The underlined sentences imply that ________.
A. Jacques had known the fact that Pierre was blind for a long time
B. the death of Joseph drove Pierre to despair of life
C. Pierre wanted to commit suicide because of his blindness
D. Jacques was afraid to see Pierre's empty eyes
69. Which of the following does NOT indicate Pierre's blindness?
A. Pierre knew every one of the forty families that got milk.
B. You know, I think those two share a secret. I have often felt it.
C. I cannot see Joseph again. You don't understand, Jacques.
D. For years Pierre had worn a large heavy cap that came down low over his eyes.
70. What is the best title for the passage?
A. A caring friend B. A caring milk company
C. A secret of a horse D. A secret for two
【答案】65. D 66. C 67. A 68. B 69. A 70. D
【解析】
分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位名叫皮埃尔的送奶工和他叫做约瑟夫的马的十五年里一起送奶。后来约瑟夫去世后不久，皮埃尔也因车祸相继去世。他的朋友才得知他早已失明五年的故事。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Every morning at five, Pierre arrived at the milk company's stables to find Joseph waiting for him, Pierre would call, “Good morning, my old friend.”, as he climbed into his seat, while Joseph turned his head toward the driver.”通过每天送奶的日常片段可知约瑟夫与皮埃尔互相了解，合作默契。故选D。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。第七段第二句“He said his life would be nothing if he could not drive Joseph every day.”皮埃尔说如果他不能每天驾着约瑟夫，他的生命就没有意义了。可知他不愿离开的原因是不想离开约瑟夫。故选C。
【67题详解】
判断推理题。根据文章内容皮埃尔对他的送奶马的珍爱以及第四段最后一句“Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.”（大多数司机不得不每周开账单，然后收钱。但是雅克喜欢皮埃尔，从来没有让他这样做过。）可知皮埃尔是一个受欢迎的，值得人们信赖的人。故选A。
【68题详解】
句意猜测题。句意：雅克看着皮埃尔的眼睛，他看到了令他震惊的东西。他看到脸上有一种死一般的表情。可知约瑟夫的死亡让皮埃尔感到对生活绝望，故选B。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。皮埃尔能够记住四十户要送奶的人家，并没有暗示他已经失明了。故选A。
【70题详解】
主旨大意题。皮埃尔在去世后他的朋友才得知他早已失明，而朋友之前也总感觉皮埃尔和约瑟夫之间有秘密，而这个秘密就是皮埃尔已经失明。故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题
推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“ 言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问：
What can you infer /learn/conclude from the passage?
What’s the author’s attitude toward……?
What does the passage suggest?
The author in this passage intends to __________。
答推理题时，一般无法直接从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例子进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。如本文的第三小题Which of the following can best describe Pierre?本题从文章中无法直接找到答案，而在推理前首要的是要阅读理解选项：
A. well-received and trustworthy （受欢迎和可靠）B. cruel and greedy（残忍和贪婪）
C. sensitive and humorous（敏感和幽默的） D. creative and enthusiastic（有创造力和热情的）
再从文章的细节进行推理。如从第四段中的“Most of the drivers had to make out the weekly bills and collect the money. But Jacques, liking Pierre, never asked him to do this.”一句可知，别的司机都必须每周写账单收钱，但是皮埃尔不同，这正是他人对他的一种信任，因为皮埃尔是个可信赖的人。再根据选项中定位与信任相关的选项。
做这类题时一定要注意：准确把握字里行间的意思，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的观点。特别注意表达情感、态度和观点的词语。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Decoding the young brain
There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult.After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult felt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite.
The secret lies in the science of the developing brain.The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question.As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful.However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works.As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.
The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.
When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain.But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.
That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”
To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.
Decoding the young brain
An experiment on a young child
A young child answered the question _____71_____ the top of his head while an adult paused, and _____72_____ twice before he found an answer.
Causes of the ______73______ reflected in the experiment
The developing brain of the young child contributed to his honest answer.
◆He was more likely to hurt or offend others ______74______ he didn't intend to do so.
◆It's just the way his brain works and with him growing up, that changes.
Billions of neurons ______75______up the human brain have their own mechanism for functioning.
◆The neurons have to communicate with each other, helping us employ our senses and remember things.
◆A person may ______76______ the smell of a cookie with the memory of eating it.
◆A younger brain is more impulsive compared with an adult's.
A young child's having a natural ______77______ to seek pleasure and take risks results from his young brain.
◆This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people act in an impulsive way.
◆Warned many times before, a young child will still try something _____78_____ or risky.
A conclusion drawn from the experiment
An adult's ability to control his impulses is much ______79______ and a young child is not ______80______ being naughty when they make hurtful or offensive answers.
【答案】71. off
72. thought
73. phenomenon
74. although/though
75. making 76. associate
77. Tendency
78. dangerous
79. stronger/greater
80. necessarily
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。说明了小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不是故意为之，而是因为儿童的大脑还没有发育完全，不具备在回答问题前过滤信息的功能导致的。
【71题详解】
由第一段““What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.””可知，对于提出的问题，孩子的回答总是答非所问，脱离话题。故填off“脱离；离开”。
【72题详解】
第一段最后一句“his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer”可知孩子得出答案前总是会考虑再三。且实验已经发生在过去，故填一般过去时thought。
【73题详解】
第一段通过实验引出后文中分析造成这种现象的原因，故填phenomenon。
【74题详解】
由第二段倒数第二句“As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult;”可知虽然孩子会说一些伤人的话，但是他们并不是有意的。故第四题填连词although/though“虽然；尽管”。
【75题详解】
第三段第一句“The human brain is made up of billions of neurons”可知数十亿的神经元组成了人类的大脑。本句已经存在非谓语动词have，故make做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故填making。
【76题详解】
第三段最后一句“They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.”可知神经元通过味觉或者触觉帮助我们记住事物，故一个人可能会把饼干的味道和吃饼干的记忆联系起来。故填associate。
【77题详解】
第五段第一句“That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.”（孩子的大脑就会以一种“连线”的方式来寻找快乐，并且比成年人更愿意冒险。）故可知一个年幼的孩子有一种寻求快乐和冒险的自然倾向，这是由他幼小的大脑决定的。故填tendency“倾向；趋势”。
【78题详解】
第五段倒数第一、二句 “Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”可知即使父母警告过多次，孩子还是会去尝试危险和冒险的食物。故填dangerous。
【79题详解】
由最后一段第一句“what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.”可知成年人比小孩子控制冲动的能力更强、更好。故填stronger或greater。
【80题详解】
最后一段第二句“It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains.”可知因为大脑构造的关系，小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不一定总是因为淘气。故填necessarily。
第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)
81.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
A Chinese boy is reported to have spent about 2 million yuan in studying in New Zealand but failed to get any diploma. He even could not take care of himself and his grandmother had to feed him.
The man in the case is a so-called adult baby, because his deeds make him almost the same as a baby. He cannot take care of himself. He is unable to go to school, let alone finish studies. He even relies on his grandmother to feed him.
However, he burns money faster than any normal student. He spent about 2 million yuan in two years overseas, but could not finish even the preparatory courses. We do not mean to judge his choice, but someone who lacks the basic ability to survive has little chance of success in any modern society.
In a later interview, the mother of the boy was in tears and said she regretted not having taught her son well.She also told the story about how she “educated” her son: meeting all his demands, even the unreasonable ones. When he did not perform well in school, she simply spent money in sending him overseas; she would buy whatever he wanted. That was bad for her and bad for him.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个单词概括文章大意；
2. 谈谈你如何看待“巨婴”现象，然后用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】内容完整、语言规范、语篇连贯、词数适当。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Chinese boy consumed a large sum of money in two years overseas. What's worse, he couldn't live on himself and didn't get a diploma eventually.
The phenomenon sets me thinking. The boy depicted in the passage is not the single case, resulting from several factors. First and foremost, there exist some parents spoiling the young and giving whatever their children want, even though their demands are irrational occasionally. In the second place, some parents focus more on children's academic performances, ignoring the education of survival skills. Last but not least, some young people are self-centered and take it for granted that others serve them.
From where I stand, it's high time that we took some measures to cope with this problem. To begin with, parents should strike a balance between discipline and love, letting their children try something themselves. Additionally, the young should establish proper values and communicate more with others.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求写一篇议论文； 要求为：1. 以约30个单词概括文章大意；2. 谈谈你如何看待“巨婴”现象，然后用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如： single case个别案例；First and foremost首要的是；irrational不合理的；academic performances学校表现；education of survival skills生存技能教育；Last but not least最后也是最重要的；self-centered自我中心的；take it for granted理所当然；cope with处理；establish proper values树立合适的价值观。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如The boy depicted in the passage is not the single case, resulting from several factors.使用了现在分词的使用以丰富句式；First and foremost, there exist some parents spoiling the young and giving whatever their children want, even though their demands are irrational occasionally. 同时运用宾语从句和状语从句，全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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