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湖南省永州市2020届高三一模考试英语试题
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永州市2020年高考第一次模拟考试试卷
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Watch films. B. Visit his brother. C. Dine with the woman.
2. How does the woman feel?
A Happy. B. Dissatisfied. C．Angry.
3. When does the man plan to reach the airport?
A. At 2:00 B. At 2:30 C. At 4:30
4. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson?
A. To ask for help. B. To discuss his studies. C. To make an apology.
5. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Salesman and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Weekend plans. B. Phone usage. C. Social apps.
7. How many people does the man usually text?
A. 5. B. 6. C. 60.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Rent an apartment. B. Have a business meeting. C. Meet her wedding organizer.
9. How much time will the woman be late for her appointment?
A. At least Five minutes. B. At least ten minutes. C. At least fifteen minutes.
10. Where is the woman now?
A. On Reindeer Way. B. In an apartment. C. At a police station.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What will the woman do?
A See a doctor. B. Post some letters. C. Withdraw some money.
12. Where is the doctor’s office?
A. Near the bank. B. Near the post office. C. Near the supermarket.
13. What is the woman happy about?
A. Finishing some tasks. B. Going downtown. C. Hanging out with the man.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why did the man arrive late?
A. He got stuck in traffic.
B. He was unable to park.
C. He had to take a different route.
15. What was the weather like in the morning?
A. It was raining. B. It was sunny. C. It was cloudy.
16. What event did the man miss?
A. A sports event. B. A food fair. C. A concert.
17. Where will the dancing events happen?
A. At a park. B. At a stadium. C. At a television station.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the main purpose of the loud noises?
A. To warn people outdoors to get inside.
B. To get people’s attention inside their homes.
C. To inform people without radios about danger.
19. Who decides to turn on the system?
A. Local media. B. Local officials. C. The national weather service.
20. What is the main topic of the talk?
A. A weather report.
B. A warning system.
C. The safety measures in bad weather.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Traveling just like reading, is a refreshing journey from the busy world. Books, brain food, can keep you company on your travel.
On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a globally popular spiritual guide book about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life. The book can be a good partner with you to explore the United States.
Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” The book tells a young artist’s romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams, and has a relationship. Experience the artist’s passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.
The Stories of Sahara, 1967, by Sanmao
The book narrates the author’s simple but adventurous life in the Sahara Desert, which seems a desolate and dull place. The fancy natural scenery and life there, along with the author’s romantic and intensive emotion, will inspire you to explore the mysterious land. Reading the book is like participating in a dialogue with the author, who is sincere and humorous.
Lotus, 2006 by Annbaby
This novel set in Tibet, tells three people’s stories, each with their unique characteristics. It reveals modern people’s emotions and inner life, their confusion about love, and exploration of Buddhism.The book is a good partner to bring you to the sacred land Tibet.
1. Which book is about the exploration of life value through a journey?
A. On the Road. B. Life is Elsewhere.
C. The Stories of Sahara. D. Lotus.
2. Whose book could be the most suitable for your trip to Germany?
A. Jack Kerouac’s. B. Sanmao’s.
C. Annbaby’s. D. Milan Kundera’s.
3. What can we learn from the text?
A. Lotus is a religious book exploring Tibetan Buddhist culture.
B. On the road advises a classic route for driving across the US.
C. The stories of Sahara records its authors’ own life in the desert.
D. Life is Elsewhere demonstrates Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s own life.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac中的After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段The Stories of the Sahara,1967, by Sanmao中的Experience the artist's passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe可知，Germany（德国）是属于Central Europe（中欧）的，故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据标题Lotus, 2006, by Annbaby下方内容可知，该书故事发生在西藏，反映三位人物的情感和内心生活、对爱的困惑以及对佛教的探索，但是并未说该书是宗教书籍，故A错。根据标题On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac下方内容可知，该书只提及主人公驱车穿越美国大陆到达墨西哥，但其目的并不是介绍一条经典的穿越美国的路线，故B错。根据标题The Stories of the Sahara, 1976, by Sanmao下方内容可知，阅读本书，就好像加入了与作者的对话，并未说本书记录了作者的生活，故D错。根据标题Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera下方内容“The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C项。
B
The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.
But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”
Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother’s phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?” Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my joy now.”
The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.
4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?
A. Because English was useless.
B. Because she was too young to learn English.
C. Because English was forbidden to learn.
D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.
5. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.
B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.
C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only English teacher.
D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.
6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. English is not the first language in Japan.
B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.
C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.
D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way. B. It is never too late to learn.
C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Two heads are better than one.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“This situation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B项。
C
Move over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
Helicopter parenting, the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration(挫折)or lose opportunities.
It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.
Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’ t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.
Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.
But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?
“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”
8. What do we know about snowplow parenting?
A. It appeared before helicopter parenting.
B. It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.
C. It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.
D. It provides more than enough services for children.
9. What does the fourth paragraph mainly say about snowplow parenting?
A. Its cost. B. Its benefits. C. Its popularity. D. Its ending time.
10. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?
A. To show teenagers are no better than babies.
B. To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.
C. To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.
D. To show it’s correct to help children when necessary.
11. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?
A. Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.
B. Children mastering more key life skills than parents.
C. Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.
D. Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了这样一个群体---”扫雪机父母”，这种父母就像扫雪机一样披荆斩棘，为孩子清除人生路上的一切障碍。但是专家表示，这种做法是不明智的，父母们预先给孩子解决所有问题会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.”可知，如今是“扫雪机父母”的天下了。采取这种高强度育儿方式的父母会给成年子女预约理发，给上大学的孩子发短信叫他们起床去参加考试，甚至会给孩子的雇主打电话。所以“扫雪机父母”为孩子提供了足够的服务。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第四段“but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.”可知，但不是只有富人才会做扫雪机父母。无论收入、教育或种族如何，这种高强度育儿方式已经成为最受欢迎的养育孩子的方式。所以第四段主要讲“扫雪机父母”育儿方式的受欢迎程度。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so”可知，是的，父母的工作是养育孩子，并在孩子还不够成熟的时候利用他们的成人智慧为他们的未来做准备。所以本段在肯定父母在养育孩子时所做出的努力以及正确性。故判断出作者提到父母拿走孩子的车钥匙的事例就是为了表明父母在必要时帮助孩子是正确的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”可知，解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，”许多儿童发展专家说，“如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故选A项。
【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施.
由最后段“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”可知，解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，许多儿童发展专家说，“如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们”。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果是会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故小题4选A项。
D
A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected,” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising,” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.”
12. How does RAS serve elderly people?
A. Through sensors. B. Through objects.
C. Through a mobile robot. D. Through their daily activities.
13. What can we know about RAS?
A. It is the first robot used in daily life. B. Its function remains to be tested.
C. It can locate people and do any task. D. It can cook for owners on its own.
14. What’s Minor’s attitude toward the future of RAS?
A. Doubtful. B. Negative.
C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.
B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.
C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart.
D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance…可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。由最后一段中The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance 可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology. ____16____ Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.
You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth. ____17____
You should find reasons why you are lonely. We all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one to interact with on a consistent basis and that’s why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life don’t share your thoughts and ideas. ____18____ you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.
___19___ People who are lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people an opportunity to understand and connect with them. So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly.
You should find people who share your interests. ____20____ everybody is interested in something. And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.
A. Whatever the reason is,
B. When you feel really lonely,
C. If you want to make friends with them,
D. Whether it’s coin collecting or video games,
E. You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desires.
F. Ending loneliness is something that you can and should pursue actively.
G. However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness.
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. A 19. E
20. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在现在社会中如何处理孤独感的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下一句Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling. 事实上，学会如何处理这种痛苦的感觉变得越来越重要。可知，这里“痛苦的感觉”指代是选项G中的loneliness“孤独感”，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据本段第一句You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. 你应该下定决心主动去结束你的孤独。可知，此处应选与主动结束孤独有关的选项，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据本段第一句You should find reasons why you are lonely. 你应该找到你孤独的原因。可知，此处应该选与找原因有关的选项，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据本段最后一句So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly. 所以解决的办法就是和别人分享你的想法和感受，而且要公开地、无所畏惧地分享。可知，此处作为本段主旨句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据本段第一句You should find people who share your interests. 你应该找到和你有共同兴趣的人。D选项中coin collecting or video games也是兴趣，故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Donald lived in three different foster homes and changed schools with each move. The experience left him ___21___ and often dropping out of school, making Donald lose all ___22___for school. Then he ___23___ Mr. Felipe, the CIS site coordinator (协调员) at his school.
Mr. Felipe ___24___ developed a plan to meet Donald’s needs. He ___25___ school supplies and clothes for Donald and encouraged him to join the schools karate (空手道) program. After months of working with Mr. Felipe, Donald’s ___26___ changed. He became more ___27___and optimistic. He ___28___ making friends at school and building ___29___ with his teachers and classmates. Meanwhile, his grades ___30___ as well.
“My mom has ___31___ that my attitude has changed a lot, and my grades are much better too. I like to come to the CIS classroom because it is ___32___ to be here. Mr. Felipe gives us snacks and provides school supplies for us. We work in the garden and we get the ___33___ we need to study and do our homework. I feel happy and motivated when I come to this ___34___.”
For Donald, Mr. Felipe is the person who changed his life. “I was in foster care when I was 4-5 years old and was ___35___ from my brother for part of the time. I’m back with my family now and happy to have them in my ___36___,” said Donald. “But I still ___37___ that time and the bad depression I felt. At school, art and football helped me forget and let it all ___38___. It is Mr. Felipe who helped me when I was ___39___. Because of him I became more serious about ___40___ and work in general. ”
21. A. curious B. depressed C. satisfied D. innocent
22. A. reason B. chance C. confidence D. motivation
23 A. met B. found C. led D. urged
24. A. suddenly B. immediately C. strangely D. actually
25. A. mentioned B. tried C. purchased D. reserved
26. A. attitude B. study C. ambition D. future
27. A. ambitious B. generous C. flexible D. outgoing
28. A. missed B. continued C. resisted D. began
29. A. networks B. targets C. relationships D. trends
30. A. shrank B. changed C. improved D. erupted
31. A. noticed B. argued C. claimed D. hoped
32. A. outstanding B. fun C. challenging D. bearable
33. A. tool B. help C. money D. love
34 A. program B. design C. experiment D. research
35. A. put away B. knocked off C. split up D. turned down
36. A. profession B. life C. emotion D. experience
37. A. treasure B. manage C. keep D. remember
38. A. go B. heal C. flow D. tolerate
39. A. angry B. concerned C. upset D. ambiguous
40. A. hobbies B. relaxation C. sports D. school
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了唐纳德在他学校的现场协调员费利佩先生的帮助和鼓励下，重拾上学的信心和热情，是费利佩先生改变了他。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让他很沮丧。A. curious好奇的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. satisfied满意的；D. innocent无辜的。根据下文But I still ___17___ that time and the bad depression I felt.可知他当时的心情是沮丧的，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让他很沮丧，经常辍学，让唐纳德失去了上学的动力。A. reason原因；B. chance机会；C. confidence自信；D. motivation动力。根据下文My mom has ___11___ that my attitude has changed a lot可知前面的经历使得他失去了上学的动力，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他遇到了费利佩先生，CIS的现场协调员在他的学校。A. met遇到； B. found发现；C. led领导；D. urged催促。根据at his school可知在学校里他认识了费利佩先生，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：斐利贝先生立即制定了一个计划来满足唐纳德的需求。A. suddenly突然地；B. immediately立刻；C. strangely奇怪地；D. actually事实上地。根据语境可知此处是立刻地去制定计划，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他买学习用品和衣服。A. mentioned提到；B. tried尝试；C. purchased购买；D. reserved保存。根据school supplies and clothes这些物品，可知此处是购买之意，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与斐利贝共事数月后，唐纳德的态度发生了改变。A. attitude态度；B. study学习；C. ambition野心；D. future将来。根据下一句He became more ___7___and optimistic.可知是他的态度转变了，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他变得更加外向和乐观。A. ambitious有野心的；B. generous慷慨的；C. flexible灵活的；D. outgoing外向的。根据He ___8___ making friends at school他在学校交朋友说明他变得外向了，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始在学校结交朋友。A. missed思念，错过；B. continued继续；C. resisted反抗；D. began开始。根据上文说他变得乐观了，这里是指他开始交朋友了，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：并与老师和同学建立关系。A. networks网络；B. targets目标；C. relationships人际关系；D. trends动态。根据with his teachers and classmates可知这里是建立人际关系，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，他的成绩也提高了。A. shrank缩小；B. changed改变；C. improved 提高；D. erupted爆发。根据前面描述他的变化，这里他的成绩应该也是提高了的，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈注意到我的态度改变了很多。A. noticed注意；B. argued争论；C. claimed声称，宣称；D. hoped希望。根据前面描述唐纳德在校表现以及对学校的态度，可知他妈妈能注意他的变化，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢来到CIS教室，因为在这里很有趣。A. outstanding突出的；B. fun有趣的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. bearable可忍受的。根据like，可知他觉得这里的教室很有趣，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在花园里干活，得到学习和做作业所需的帮助。A. tool工具；B. help帮助；C. money钱；D. love爱。根据上一句Mr. Felipe gives us snacks and provides school supplies for us.可知斐利贝先生会帮助他们，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我来到这个项目时，我感到很高兴，也很有动力。A. program项目；B. design设计； C. experiment试验；D. research调查。根据work in the garden可知这里指活动，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我4-5岁的时候被寄养，有一段时间我和哥哥分开了。A. put away放好；B. knocked off击倒；C. split up分离；D. turned down拒绝。根据下一句I’m back with my family now可知这里是指和哥哥分开，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我和家人团聚了，我很高兴我的生活中有他们。A. profession专业；B. life生活；C. emotion情感；D. experience经历。in my life在我的生活里，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我仍然记得那段时间和我所感受到的糟糕的抑郁。A. treasure珍藏；B. manage设法，管理；C. keep保持；D. remember记住。根据that time，可知这里用记住之意，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校，艺术和足球让我忘记了过去，让一切都过去了。A. go去；B. heal治愈；C. flow流动； D. tolerate忍受。let sth. go意为放开/放弃某物，这里是指放下过去，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正是斐利贝先生在我沮丧时帮助了我。 A. angry愤怒的；B. concerned担忧的；C. upset沮丧的；D. ambiguous模糊不清的。根据上文But I still remember that time and the bad depression I felt.可知当时是我沮丧的时候，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他，我对学习和工作变得更加认真了。A. hobbies爱好；B. relaxation放松；C. sports体育；D. school学校。根据At school可知此处指学校的学习和工作，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from ___41___ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.
Mochi is made by ___42___ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of ___43___ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with ___44___ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as ___45___ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year.
Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) ___46___ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm ___47___ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it___48___ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so it’s ___49___ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.
Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not ___50___ (choke) on it.
【答案】41. specially
42. putting
43. which 44. flowers
45. a 46. are used
47. with 48. hardens
49. better 50. to choke
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物，由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated，故填specially。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词，意为“通过……”后接doing形式，故填putting。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形，有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句，指代上文的paste，从句中做介词宾语，用关系代词which，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits，可知此处用名词复数，故填flowers 。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as ___5___ gift，gift“礼物”，可数名词，故填a。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：传统上，木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars and pestles，谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态，又因为时态是一般现在时，故填are used。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的，并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与……一起”，根据句意，故填with。
【48题详解】
考查动词及时态。句意：新鲜的年糕很软，但会很快变硬。主语是it，是第三人称单数，指Fresh mochi，时态是一般现在时，故填hardens。
【49题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：年糕很容易变坏，所以与其把它存放在冰箱里，不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级，故填better。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：煮熟的年糕很黏，所以要小心别噎着了。根据be careful to do sth.“小心做某事”是固定搭配，可知此处用动词不定式，故填to choke。
【点睛】第2小题中考查了动词在介词by后的用法，by后面接动词的时候需要用动名词形式，即为动词的ing形式。一般表示“通过某种方式”。
如：by doing exercise by drinking water
例句：You’re a student; you know how important it is to learn by doing. 作为一个学生你知道通过实践来学习多重要。
by后面也可以接代词等等。
如：by her by yourself
例句：I learn English by myself. 我自学英语。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hello, Jack! I need your help. I am going to organizing a money-raising project for poor students. However, I am at a loss about what to start. I don’t know what type of people was most likely to donate. Is it a good idea to visit to local business people? Besides, what is best way to let the public know your ideas? Last but not least, how can I guarantee that the raising money will be sent to the students who really needs it? Considering that you have much experience in organizing similarly projects, I am wondering whether you could give me some suggestion.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封求助信。作者在信中向Jack介绍了自己想要组织一为贫困学生捐款的项目却不知道从何做起，因此向Jack请求一些建议。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。根据am going to后接动词原形，意为“打算去做某事”，故将organizing改为organize。
2.考查疑问词。这里表示“怎么样开始，如何开始”，疑问词应该用how，what表示“什么”，故将what改为how。
3.考查时态。根据时态是一般现在时，故将was改为is。
4.考查介词。这里visit“参观，拜访”，是及物动词，后接名词，故把visit后的to去掉。
5.考查冠词。best“最好的”，是形容词最高级，前面用the，故在best前加the。
6.考查代词。根据前文的主语是“I”，故此处也应该是“我的”想法，故将your改为my。
7.考查过去分词做定语。根据名词money，可知此处用过去分词做定语修饰名词，money与raise之间有被动的关系，故该用raised，意为“被筹集的”，故将raising改为raised。
8.考查动词。根据主语who指的是the students，故动词“需要”要用复数形式，故将needs改为need。
9.考查形容词。根据projects“项目”，是名词，应该用形容词修饰名词，故将similarly改为similar。
10.考查名词单复数。根据some，且suggestion“建议”，是可数名词，故将suggestion改为suggestions。
【点睛】第1小题考查了短语be going to 用法。be going to 的用法点拨：be going to 是一种固定结构，它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next week等。
1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。这种主观意图，一般已做过事先安排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。（安排）
2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图，只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测，此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。例如：
Look at the black clouds. It’s going to rain.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。（推测）
I’m not feeling well, I’m going to be ill. 我感觉不是很好，可能要生病了。（表示说话人的感觉而已）
3、be going to 在肯定句中的形式
be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形，be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，它一般有三种形式，am , is , are 。而going to 固定不变。即：当主语是 I 时用am ；当主语是第三人称单数时用is；当主语是其他人称时用are。
I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。
She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Reef要来你校参加 “中国文化周” 活动，写信向你询问具体细节。请你给他回信，内容如下：
1.表示欢迎；
2.活动时间、地点；
3.活动内容 (听讲座、学汉语、唱京剧等)。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Reef,
I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week, which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12.
There will be a variety of activities during that week. You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese, which will help you to better understand Chinese culture and make your stay in China easier. Some other activities are also included, such as learning to sing Peking opera and cooking Chinese food, through which you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture.
I’m sure you will like it and have an unforgettable visit. Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封介绍信，应用文。
【详解】第一步：审题：属于提纲类作文
内容：假定你是李华向新西兰朋友 Reef回信介绍“中国文化周” 活动的细节，内容如下：
1.表示欢迎；2.活动时间、地点；3.活动内容 (听讲座、学汉语、唱京剧等)。
人称：第一、二人称
时态：一般现在时
结构：总分总结构
第二步：关键词（组）：
the Chinese Culture Week ；more than；delighted；take part in；will be held；the students’ center；a variety of；activities；listen to；have a chance to do sth.；Peking opera；Chinese food；first-hand；experience；unforgettable；looking forward to等
结合人称、时态使用关键词组
第三步：连词成句：
1. I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week
2. which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12
3. There will be a variety of activities during that week
4. You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese
5. you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture等
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：润色修改
另外，注意逻辑关系，上下文过渡要自然，使用适当连接词，字数恰当。
【点睛】范文字数合适，过渡自然，要点齐全，最重要的是使用了许多短语和不同的句式，使得文章大放异彩，如：I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week使用了that引导的宾语从句； which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12. 使用了非限制性定语从句和被动语态； There will be a variety of activities during that week. 使用了there be 句式； You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese, which will help you to better understand Chinese culture and make your stay in China easier. 使用了非限制性定语从句和短语；through which you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture.使用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句；I’m sure you will like it and have an unforgettable visit.使用了and连接的并列句。全文语言使用规范，没有中式英文，显示了作者扎实的英语功底。
永州市2020年高考第一次模拟考试试卷
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Watch films. B. Visit his brother. C. Dine with the woman.
2. How does the woman feel?
A Happy. B. Dissatisfied. C．Angry.
3. When does the man plan to reach the airport?
A. At 2:00 B. At 2:30 C. At 4:30
4. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson?
A. To ask for help. B. To discuss his studies. C. To make an apology.
5. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Salesman and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Weekend plans. B. Phone usage. C. Social apps.
7. How many people does the man usually text?
A. 5. B. 6. C. 60.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Rent an apartment. B. Have a business meeting. C. Meet her wedding organizer.
9. How much time will the woman be late for her appointment?
A. At least Five minutes. B. At least ten minutes. C. At least fifteen minutes.
10. Where is the woman now?
A. On Reindeer Way. B. In an apartment. C. At a police station.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What will the woman do?
A See a doctor. B. Post some letters. C. Withdraw some money.
12. Where is the doctor’s office?
A. Near the bank. B. Near the post office. C. Near the supermarket.
13. What is the woman happy about?
A. Finishing some tasks. B. Going downtown. C. Hanging out with the man.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why did the man arrive late?
A. He got stuck in traffic.
B. He was unable to park.
C. He had to take a different route.
15. What was the weather like in the morning?
A. It was raining. B. It was sunny. C. It was cloudy.
16. What event did the man miss?
A. A sports event. B. A food fair. C. A concert.
17. Where will the dancing events happen?
A. At a park. B. At a stadium. C. At a television station.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the main purpose of the loud noises?
A. To warn people outdoors to get inside.
B. To get people’s attention inside their homes.
C. To inform people without radios about danger.
19. Who decides to turn on the system?
A. Local media. B. Local officials. C. The national weather service.
20. What is the main topic of the talk?
A. A weather report.
B. A warning system.
C. The safety measures in bad weather.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Traveling just like reading, is a refreshing journey from the busy world. Books, brain food, can keep you company on your travel.
On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a globally popular spiritual guide book about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life. The book can be a good partner with you to explore the United States.
Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” The book tells a young artist’s romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams, and has a relationship. Experience the artist’s passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.
The Stories of Sahara, 1967, by Sanmao
The book narrates the author’s simple but adventurous life in the Sahara Desert, which seems a desolate and dull place. The fancy natural scenery and life there, along with the author’s romantic and intensive emotion, will inspire you to explore the mysterious land. Reading the book is like participating in a dialogue with the author, who is sincere and humorous.
Lotus, 2006 by Annbaby
This novel set in Tibet, tells three people’s stories, each with their unique characteristics. It reveals modern people’s emotions and inner life, their confusion about love, and exploration of Buddhism.The book is a good partner to bring you to the sacred land Tibet.
1. Which book is about the exploration of life value through a journey?
A. On the Road. B. Life is Elsewhere.
C. The Stories of Sahara. D. Lotus.
2. Whose book could be the most suitable for your trip to Germany?
A. Jack Kerouac’s. B. Sanmao’s.
C. Annbaby’s. D. Milan Kundera’s.
3. What can we learn from the text?
A. Lotus is a religious book exploring Tibetan Buddhist culture.
B. On the road advises a classic route for driving across the US.
C. The stories of Sahara records its authors’ own life in the desert.
D. Life is Elsewhere demonstrates Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s own life.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac中的After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段The Stories of the Sahara,1967, by Sanmao中的Experience the artist's passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe可知，Germany（德国）是属于Central Europe（中欧）的，故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据标题Lotus, 2006, by Annbaby下方内容可知，该书故事发生在西藏，反映三位人物的情感和内心生活、对爱的困惑以及对佛教的探索，但是并未说该书是宗教书籍，故A错。根据标题On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac下方内容可知，该书只提及主人公驱车穿越美国大陆到达墨西哥，但其目的并不是介绍一条经典的穿越美国的路线，故B错。根据标题The Stories of the Sahara, 1976, by Sanmao下方内容可知，阅读本书，就好像加入了与作者的对话，并未说本书记录了作者的生活，故D错。根据标题Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera下方内容“The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C项。
B
The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.
But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”
Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother’s phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?” Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my joy now.”
The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.
4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?
A. Because English was useless.
B. Because she was too young to learn English.
C. Because English was forbidden to learn.
D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.
5. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.
B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.
C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only English teacher.
D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.
6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. English is not the first language in Japan.
B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.
C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.
D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way. B. It is never too late to learn.
C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Two heads are better than one.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“This situation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B项。
C
Move over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
Helicopter parenting, the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration(挫折)or lose opportunities.
It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.
Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’ t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.
Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.
But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?
“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”
8. What do we know about snowplow parenting?
A. It appeared before helicopter parenting.
B. It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.
C. It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.
D. It provides more than enough services for children.
9. What does the fourth paragraph mainly say about snowplow parenting?
A. Its cost. B. Its benefits. C. Its popularity. D. Its ending time.
10. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?
A. To show teenagers are no better than babies.
B. To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.
C. To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.
D. To show it’s correct to help children when necessary.
11. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?
A. Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.
B. Children mastering more key life skills than parents.
C. Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.
D. Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了这样一个群体---”扫雪机父母”，这种父母就像扫雪机一样披荆斩棘，为孩子清除人生路上的一切障碍。但是专家表示，这种做法是不明智的，父母们预先给孩子解决所有问题会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.”可知，如今是“扫雪机父母”的天下了。采取这种高强度育儿方式的父母会给成年子女预约理发，给上大学的孩子发短信叫他们起床去参加考试，甚至会给孩子的雇主打电话。所以“扫雪机父母”为孩子提供了足够的服务。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第四段“but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.”可知，但不是只有富人才会做扫雪机父母。无论收入、教育或种族如何，这种高强度育儿方式已经成为最受欢迎的养育孩子的方式。所以第四段主要讲“扫雪机父母”育儿方式的受欢迎程度。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so”可知，是的，父母的工作是养育孩子，并在孩子还不够成熟的时候利用他们的成人智慧为他们的未来做准备。所以本段在肯定父母在养育孩子时所做出的努力以及正确性。故判断出作者提到父母拿走孩子的车钥匙的事例就是为了表明父母在必要时帮助孩子是正确的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”可知，解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，”许多儿童发展专家说，“如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故选A项。
【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施.
由最后段“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”可知，解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，许多儿童发展专家说，“如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们”。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果是会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故小题4选A项。
D
A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected,” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising,” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.”
12. How does RAS serve elderly people?
A. Through sensors. B. Through objects.
C. Through a mobile robot. D. Through their daily activities.
13. What can we know about RAS?
A. It is the first robot used in daily life. B. Its function remains to be tested.
C. It can locate people and do any task. D. It can cook for owners on its own.
14. What’s Minor’s attitude toward the future of RAS?
A. Doubtful. B. Negative.
C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.
B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.
C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart.
D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance…可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。由最后一段中The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance 可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology. ____16____ Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.
You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth. ____17____
You should find reasons why you are lonely. We all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one to interact with on a consistent basis and that’s why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life don’t share your thoughts and ideas. ____18____ you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.
___19___ People who are lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people an opportunity to understand and connect with them. So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly.
You should find people who share your interests. ____20____ everybody is interested in something. And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.
A. Whatever the reason is,
B. When you feel really lonely,
C. If you want to make friends with them,
D. Whether it’s coin collecting or video games,
E. You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desires.
F. Ending loneliness is something that you can and should pursue actively.
G. However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness.
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. A 19. E
20. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在现在社会中如何处理孤独感的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下一句Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling. 事实上，学会如何处理这种痛苦的感觉变得越来越重要。可知，这里“痛苦的感觉”指代是选项G中的loneliness“孤独感”，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据本段第一句You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. 你应该下定决心主动去结束你的孤独。可知，此处应选与主动结束孤独有关的选项，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据本段第一句You should find reasons why you are lonely. 你应该找到你孤独的原因。可知，此处应该选与找原因有关的选项，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据本段最后一句So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly. 所以解决的办法就是和别人分享你的想法和感受，而且要公开地、无所畏惧地分享。可知，此处作为本段主旨句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据本段第一句You should find people who share your interests. 你应该找到和你有共同兴趣的人。D选项中coin collecting or video games也是兴趣，故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Donald lived in three different foster homes and changed schools with each move. The experience left him ___21___ and often dropping out of school, making Donald lose all ___22___for school. Then he ___23___ Mr. Felipe, the CIS site coordinator (协调员) at his school.
Mr. Felipe ___24___ developed a plan to meet Donald’s needs. He ___25___ school supplies and clothes for Donald and encouraged him to join the schools karate (空手道) program. After months of working with Mr. Felipe, Donald’s ___26___ changed. He became more ___27___and optimistic. He ___28___ making friends at school and building ___29___ with his teachers and classmates. Meanwhile, his grades ___30___ as well.
“My mom has ___31___ that my attitude has changed a lot, and my grades are much better too. I like to come to the CIS classroom because it is ___32___ to be here. Mr. Felipe gives us snacks and provides school supplies for us. We work in the garden and we get the ___33___ we need to study and do our homework. I feel happy and motivated when I come to this ___34___.”
For Donald, Mr. Felipe is the person who changed his life. “I was in foster care when I was 4-5 years old and was ___35___ from my brother for part of the time. I’m back with my family now and happy to have them in my ___36___,” said Donald. “But I still ___37___ that time and the bad depression I felt. At school, art and football helped me forget and let it all ___38___. It is Mr. Felipe who helped me when I was ___39___. Because of him I became more serious about ___40___ and work in general. ”
21. A. curious B. depressed C. satisfied D. innocent
22. A. reason B. chance C. confidence D. motivation
23 A. met B. found C. led D. urged
24. A. suddenly B. immediately C. strangely D. actually
25. A. mentioned B. tried C. purchased D. reserved
26. A. attitude B. study C. ambition D. future
27. A. ambitious B. generous C. flexible D. outgoing
28. A. missed B. continued C. resisted D. began
29. A. networks B. targets C. relationships D. trends
30. A. shrank B. changed C. improved D. erupted
31. A. noticed B. argued C. claimed D. hoped
32. A. outstanding B. fun C. challenging D. bearable
33. A. tool B. help C. money D. love
34 A. program B. design C. experiment D. research
35. A. put away B. knocked off C. split up D. turned down
36. A. profession B. life C. emotion D. experience
37. A. treasure B. manage C. keep D. remember
38. A. go B. heal C. flow D. tolerate
39. A. angry B. concerned C. upset D. ambiguous
40. A. hobbies B. relaxation C. sports D. school
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了唐纳德在他学校的现场协调员费利佩先生的帮助和鼓励下，重拾上学的信心和热情，是费利佩先生改变了他。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让他很沮丧。A. curious好奇的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. satisfied满意的；D. innocent无辜的。根据下文But I still ___17___ that time and the bad depression I felt.可知他当时的心情是沮丧的，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让他很沮丧，经常辍学，让唐纳德失去了上学的动力。A. reason原因；B. chance机会；C. confidence自信；D. motivation动力。根据下文My mom has ___11___ that my attitude has changed a lot可知前面的经历使得他失去了上学的动力，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他遇到了费利佩先生，CIS的现场协调员在他的学校。A. met遇到； B. found发现；C. led领导；D. urged催促。根据at his school可知在学校里他认识了费利佩先生，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：斐利贝先生立即制定了一个计划来满足唐纳德的需求。A. suddenly突然地；B. immediately立刻；C. strangely奇怪地；D. actually事实上地。根据语境可知此处是立刻地去制定计划，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他买学习用品和衣服。A. mentioned提到；B. tried尝试；C. purchased购买；D. reserved保存。根据school supplies and clothes这些物品，可知此处是购买之意，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与斐利贝共事数月后，唐纳德的态度发生了改变。A. attitude态度；B. study学习；C. ambition野心；D. future将来。根据下一句He became more ___7___and optimistic.可知是他的态度转变了，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他变得更加外向和乐观。A. ambitious有野心的；B. generous慷慨的；C. flexible灵活的；D. outgoing外向的。根据He ___8___ making friends at school他在学校交朋友说明他变得外向了，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始在学校结交朋友。A. missed思念，错过；B. continued继续；C. resisted反抗；D. began开始。根据上文说他变得乐观了，这里是指他开始交朋友了，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：并与老师和同学建立关系。A. networks网络；B. targets目标；C. relationships人际关系；D. trends动态。根据with his teachers and classmates可知这里是建立人际关系，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，他的成绩也提高了。A. shrank缩小；B. changed改变；C. improved 提高；D. erupted爆发。根据前面描述他的变化，这里他的成绩应该也是提高了的，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈注意到我的态度改变了很多。A. noticed注意；B. argued争论；C. claimed声称，宣称；D. hoped希望。根据前面描述唐纳德在校表现以及对学校的态度，可知他妈妈能注意他的变化，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢来到CIS教室，因为在这里很有趣。A. outstanding突出的；B. fun有趣的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. bearable可忍受的。根据like，可知他觉得这里的教室很有趣，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在花园里干活，得到学习和做作业所需的帮助。A. tool工具；B. help帮助；C. money钱；D. love爱。根据上一句Mr. Felipe gives us snacks and provides school supplies for us.可知斐利贝先生会帮助他们，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我来到这个项目时，我感到很高兴，也很有动力。A. program项目；B. design设计； C. experiment试验；D. research调查。根据work in the garden可知这里指活动，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我4-5岁的时候被寄养，有一段时间我和哥哥分开了。A. put away放好；B. knocked off击倒；C. split up分离；D. turned down拒绝。根据下一句I’m back with my family now可知这里是指和哥哥分开，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我和家人团聚了，我很高兴我的生活中有他们。A. profession专业；B. life生活；C. emotion情感；D. experience经历。in my life在我的生活里，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我仍然记得那段时间和我所感受到的糟糕的抑郁。A. treasure珍藏；B. manage设法，管理；C. keep保持；D. remember记住。根据that time，可知这里用记住之意，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校，艺术和足球让我忘记了过去，让一切都过去了。A. go去；B. heal治愈；C. flow流动； D. tolerate忍受。let sth. go意为放开/放弃某物，这里是指放下过去，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正是斐利贝先生在我沮丧时帮助了我。 A. angry愤怒的；B. concerned担忧的；C. upset沮丧的；D. ambiguous模糊不清的。根据上文But I still remember that time and the bad depression I felt.可知当时是我沮丧的时候，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他，我对学习和工作变得更加认真了。A. hobbies爱好；B. relaxation放松；C. sports体育；D. school学校。根据At school可知此处指学校的学习和工作，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from ___41___ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.
Mochi is made by ___42___ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of ___43___ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with ___44___ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as ___45___ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year.
Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) ___46___ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm ___47___ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it___48___ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so it’s ___49___ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.
Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not ___50___ (choke) on it.
【答案】41. specially
42. putting
43. which 44. flowers
45. a 46. are used
47. with 48. hardens
49. better 50. to choke
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物，由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated，故填specially。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词，意为“通过……”后接doing形式，故填putting。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形，有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句，指代上文的paste，从句中做介词宾语，用关系代词which，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits，可知此处用名词复数，故填flowers 。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as ___5___ gift，gift“礼物”，可数名词，故填a。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：传统上，木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars and pestles，谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态，又因为时态是一般现在时，故填are used。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的，并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与……一起”，根据句意，故填with。
【48题详解】
考查动词及时态。句意：新鲜的年糕很软，但会很快变硬。主语是it，是第三人称单数，指Fresh mochi，时态是一般现在时，故填hardens。
【49题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：年糕很容易变坏，所以与其把它存放在冰箱里，不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级，故填better。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：煮熟的年糕很黏，所以要小心别噎着了。根据be careful to do sth.“小心做某事”是固定搭配，可知此处用动词不定式，故填to choke。
【点睛】第2小题中考查了动词在介词by后的用法，by后面接动词的时候需要用动名词形式，即为动词的ing形式。一般表示“通过某种方式”。
如：by doing exercise by drinking water
例句：You’re a student; you know how important it is to learn by doing. 作为一个学生你知道通过实践来学习多重要。
by后面也可以接代词等等。
如：by her by yourself
例句：I learn English by myself. 我自学英语。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hello, Jack! I need your help. I am going to organizing a money-raising project for poor students. However, I am at a loss about what to start. I don’t know what type of people was most likely to donate. Is it a good idea to visit to local business people? Besides, what is best way to let the public know your ideas? Last but not least, how can I guarantee that the raising money will be sent to the students who really needs it? Considering that you have much experience in organizing similarly projects, I am wondering whether you could give me some suggestion.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封求助信。作者在信中向Jack介绍了自己想要组织一为贫困学生捐款的项目却不知道从何做起，因此向Jack请求一些建议。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。根据am going to后接动词原形，意为“打算去做某事”，故将organizing改为organize。
2.考查疑问词。这里表示“怎么样开始，如何开始”，疑问词应该用how，what表示“什么”，故将what改为how。
3.考查时态。根据时态是一般现在时，故将was改为is。
4.考查介词。这里visit“参观，拜访”，是及物动词，后接名词，故把visit后的to去掉。
5.考查冠词。best“最好的”，是形容词最高级，前面用the，故在best前加the。
6.考查代词。根据前文的主语是“I”，故此处也应该是“我的”想法，故将your改为my。
7.考查过去分词做定语。根据名词money，可知此处用过去分词做定语修饰名词，money与raise之间有被动的关系，故该用raised，意为“被筹集的”，故将raising改为raised。
8.考查动词。根据主语who指的是the students，故动词“需要”要用复数形式，故将needs改为need。
9.考查形容词。根据projects“项目”，是名词，应该用形容词修饰名词，故将similarly改为similar。
10.考查名词单复数。根据some，且suggestion“建议”，是可数名词，故将suggestion改为suggestions。
【点睛】第1小题考查了短语be going to 用法。be going to 的用法点拨：be going to 是一种固定结构，它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next week等。
1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。这种主观意图，一般已做过事先安排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。（安排）
2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图，只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测，此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。例如：
Look at the black clouds. It’s going to rain.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。（推测）
I’m not feeling well, I’m going to be ill. 我感觉不是很好，可能要生病了。（表示说话人的感觉而已）
3、be going to 在肯定句中的形式
be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形，be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，它一般有三种形式，am , is , are 。而going to 固定不变。即：当主语是 I 时用am ；当主语是第三人称单数时用is；当主语是其他人称时用are。
I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。
She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Reef要来你校参加 “中国文化周” 活动，写信向你询问具体细节。请你给他回信，内容如下：
1.表示欢迎；
2.活动时间、地点；
3.活动内容 (听讲座、学汉语、唱京剧等)。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Reef,
I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week, which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12.
There will be a variety of activities during that week. You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese, which will help you to better understand Chinese culture and make your stay in China easier. Some other activities are also included, such as learning to sing Peking opera and cooking Chinese food, through which you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture.
I’m sure you will like it and have an unforgettable visit. Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封介绍信，应用文。
【详解】第一步：审题：属于提纲类作文
内容：假定你是李华向新西兰朋友 Reef回信介绍“中国文化周” 活动的细节，内容如下：
1.表示欢迎；2.活动时间、地点；3.活动内容 (听讲座、学汉语、唱京剧等)。
人称：第一、二人称
时态：一般现在时
结构：总分总结构
第二步：关键词（组）：
the Chinese Culture Week ；more than；delighted；take part in；will be held；the students’ center；a variety of；activities；listen to；have a chance to do sth.；Peking opera；Chinese food；first-hand；experience；unforgettable；looking forward to等
结合人称、时态使用关键词组
第三步：连词成句：
1. I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week
2. which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12
3. There will be a variety of activities during that week
4. You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese
5. you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture等
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：润色修改
另外，注意逻辑关系，上下文过渡要自然，使用适当连接词，字数恰当。
【点睛】范文字数合适，过渡自然，要点齐全，最重要的是使用了许多短语和不同的句式，使得文章大放异彩，如：I’m more than delighted to know that you are coming to our school to take part in the Chinese Culture Week使用了that引导的宾语从句； which will be held in the students’ center from June 5 to June 12. 使用了非限制性定语从句和被动语态； There will be a variety of activities during that week. 使用了there be 句式； You will listen to several lectures about Chinese culture and have a chance to learn Chinese, which will help you to better understand Chinese culture and make your stay in China easier. 使用了非限制性定语从句和短语；through which you will have a first-hand experience of Chinese culture.使用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句；I’m sure you will like it and have an unforgettable visit.使用了and连接的并列句。全文语言使用规范，没有中式英文，显示了作者扎实的英语功底。
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