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高考英语-记叙文与议论文-专题练习(含答案与解析）
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这是一份高考英语-记叙文与议论文-专题练习(含答案与解析），共9页。试卷主要包含了记叙文，议论文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、记叙文
（1）
When the musical sund rings ut, 1 . But althugh yu prbably use it all the time, have yu ever stpped t think abut the manners related t talking n the phne?
If yu haven’t, here are sme tips t guide yu.
Always give the persn yu are calling plenty f time t get t the phne befre yu hang up. If the persn wh answers is nt the ne yu want, give yur name and ask if yu may speak t the persn yu want.
Think abut the time yu call peple. Try nt t call t early in the mrning（befre abut 9: 00） r t late at night（after abut 9:30）. 2 .
When face-t-face with smene, d nt talk n the phne. It is rude t be n the phne when a waiter is trying t take yur rder in a restaurant, 3 .
When in a restaurant with yur friends, keep phne cnversatins shrt. Make a call nly if it is imprtant. 4 If n ne lks yur way, yu’ve gt it.
If yu g t a theatre, a cncert r a cinema, cnsider the ther peple arund yu. Check that yur phne is “ff” befre yu enter. If yu are expecting a very imprtant call, put yur phne n “ vibrate”（振动） and run fr the exit as sn as yu feel it. If yu frget bth “ff” and “vibrate” and yur phne rings, dn’t answer it, 5 .
A．Try t speak in a lw vice
B．yu might want t dance
C．yu are sure t reach fr yur pcket ready t have a chat
D．Als try nt t call at mealtimes.
E．r when yu are ndding t smene
F．switch it ff at nce
G．Dn’t hang up t quickly!
（2）
Yawn! If yu ften feel t tired in the mrnings, even if yu’re getting 8hurs in, then this article is fr yu. Waking up still tired is pretty cmmn—but that desn’t mean it’s natural. 6 The fllwing tips may help.
Bdy scan. When yu pen yur eyes, even if yu have t madly turn ff yur annying alarm, lie back dwn fr 2minutes t d a quick bdy scan. First, take fur deep breaths. 7 This will leave yu feeling very calm.
Say smething yu’re grateful fr. This simple, shrt act gives us a mment t take ur minds ff all f ur respnsibilities, tasks, prjects and deadlines—and instead give thanks fr anther day f life. 8
Listen t yur favrite sngs. 9 There is a list f recrdings fr waking up and getting up in a shiny md but yu can pick anything yu like.
10 Having set sleep and waking times is s imprtant fr ensuring yu feel energetic and happy in the mrnings. Yur bdy begins t expect sleeping and waking up, making it less likely that yu′ll wake up tired．
A．Keep yur rutine.
B．Try t develp gd habits.
C．Then, start at yur tes and feet.
D．It will take yu much energy t d it.
E．Music will make yu energetic all day.
F．This can take 60 secnds but give peace t the day.
G．We are deserving f a peaceful start t each new day.
二、议论文
（1）
Bth men and wmen are living lnger these days in industrialized cuntries. 11 In general, they can expect t live six r seven years mre than men. One reasn fr this is bilgical.
One imprtant bilgical factr that helps wmen live lnger is the difference in hrmnes between men and wmen. 12 Between the ages f abut 12 and 50, wmen prduce hrmnes that are invlved in fertility（生育能力）. These hrmnes als have a psitive effect n the heart and bld flw. In fact, wmen are less likely t have high bld pressure r t die frm heart attacks.
13 They help the bdy defend itself against sme kinds f infectins. This means that wmen generally get sick less ften and less seriusly than men. The cmmn cld is a gd example: wmen, n average, get fewer clds than men. 14 Scientists are still nt exactly sure hw influence aging, but they believe that they d. Sme think that a wman’s bdy cells have a tendency（向） t age mre slwly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s bdy cells have a tendency t age mre quickly. 15
A．Hwever, wmen, n average, live lnger.
B．The bilgical factr plays an imprtant part.
C．Wmen are als helped by their female genes.
D．The female hrmnes als prtect the bdy in anther way.
E．Recent research seems t supprt bth f these pssibilities.
F．Therefre, wmen are mre healthy than men and can live a better life.
G．Hrmnes are chemicals which are prduced by the bdy t cntrl carius bdy functins.
（2）
Befre ging utside in the mrning, many f us check a windw thermmeter（温度计） fr the temperature. This helps us decide what t wear. 16 . We want ur fd t be a certain cldness in the refrigeratr. We want it a certain htness in the ven. If we dn’t feel well, we use a thermmeter t see if we have a fever. We keep ur rms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain clness in the summer.
Nt all the thermmeters use the same system t measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But mst ther cuntries use the Centigrade scale.
Bth systems use the freezing and biling pints f water as their guide. 17 .
The mst cmmn kind f thermmeter is made with mercury（水银） inside a clear glass tube. As mercury（r any ther liquid） becmes ht, it expands. As it gets clder, it cntracts（收缩）. That is why n ht days the mercury line is high in the glass tube. 18 .
First. Take a clear glass juice bttle that has a cap; fill the bttle with clured water. Tap a hle in the center f the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap n the jar. Then stick a plastic straw（吸管） thrugh the nail hle.
19 .
Finally. Place a white card n the utside f the bttle and behind the straw. Nw yu can see the water lever easily.
20 .
As the temperature ges dwn, the water will cntract, and the lever in the straw will cme dwn. Perhaps yu will want t keep a recrd f the water lever in the straw each mrning fr a week.
A．We use and depend n thermmeters t measure the temperature f many ther things in ur daily lives.
B．Thermmeters measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated r cled．
C．Nw that yu knw this rule yu can make a thermmeter f yur wn that will wrk.
D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature f the air ges up, the water will expand and rise even higher.
E．They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and bils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and bils at 100 degrees.
F．Take wax（yu may use an ld candle if yu have ne） and melt sme f it right where the straw is struck int the cap t seal（把……粘住） them tgether.
G．Peple use thermmeters which are made by themselves when travelling arund the wrld．
（3）
Chsing the right jb is prbably ne f the mst imprtant decisins we have t make in life, and it is frequently ne f the hardest decisins we have t make. One imprtant questin that yu might ask yurself is: “Hw d I get a gd jb?” 21 .
There are peple wh can answer an insignificant advertisement in the lcal paper and land the best jb in the wrld; thers write t all srts f places all ver the cuntry, and never seem t get a reply at all. Still thers believe that the in persn, dr-t-dr apprach is by far the best way t get a jb; and then there are thse wh, thrugh n active decisin f their wn, just seem t be in the right place at the right time. 22 . He used t spend a lt f his free time dwn by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might ne day sail ne f them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailr culd never be anything fr the by but an idle dream. One day, n his usual wandering, he heard the captain f the ship cmplaining that he culd nt sail because ne member f his crew was sick. Withut stpping t think, the lad（少年） ffered t take his place. 23 .
24 . If the lad had gne hme t pnder（考虑） his decisin fr a week, he may have missed his chance. It is ne thing t be ffered an pprtunity; it is anther thing t take it and use it well.
Smetimes we hear stries abut peple wh break all the rules and still seem t land plum jbs（美差）. When yu g fr a jb interview r fill ut an applicatin, yu are expected t say nice things abut the cmpany t which yu are applying. 25 . And within a year this persn had becme general manger f the cmpany.
A．This stry als illustrates the imprtance f seizing an pprtunity when it presents itself.
B．Peple find jbs in an infinite number f ways.
C．It’s almst impssible t find a gd jb by answering advertisement in newspapers
D．Take fr example the yung man wh wanted t be a sailr.
E．But there was ne persn wh landed an excellent jb by telling the interviewer all the cmpany’s faults.
F．He spent the rest f his life happily sailing the ships he had always lved.
G．It is very imprtant t seize an pprtunity when it presents itself. 高考英语专题练习
记叙文与议论文
答 案
1~5．CDEAF6~10．GCFEA11~15．ADDCE16~20. AECFD
21~25．BDFAE
高考英语专题练习
记叙文与议论文
解 析
一、（1）
1~3．
4．必要时尽量长话短说并且保持小声方为打电话礼仪.
5．根据前句意思可知在公众场所尽量不要打电话,要么关机要么震动要么直接挂掉.之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子,往往会有复数名词出现.
（2）
6~7．
8．本空处在段落结尾,一般用来总结全段或延伸前一句话.本处用来延伸前一句话give thanks fr anther day f life.
9．本段小标题是“听你最喜欢的歌曲”.因此本空应该与听歌有关,选择E.
10．本题要填的是小标题,要从后面的内容进行总结.后文说的是固定的睡眠和起床时间很重要,因此本题选A,要有规律.
二、（1）
11．根据空格下一句:一般说女性比男性多活6导7年可知此处的意思是:然而,女性平均比男性寿命更长,故选A.
12．根据空格上句:男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性寿命更长可知磁控的意思是:荷尔蒙是身体生产的控制各种身体功能的化学物质,故选G.
13~14．
15．根据空格前两句:一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向,另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向可知符合题意,故选E.
（2）
16~17．
18．本段前一部分介绍了温度计的构造原理,下文根据此原理制造一个能够计量温度工作的温度计.所以选项C符合文意.
19．根据上下文的逻辑意义,选项F是正确答案.
20．从下文可知应选与之对应的选项D．
（3）
21~23．
24．此空后面是对所举故事的进一步分析,选项A是此段的论点.
25．从此短的论点“Smetimes we hear stries abut peple wh break all the rules and still seem t land plum jbs”便能看出,只有选与此空前面的观点相反的选项E,才能和后面的结果相符合.
一、记叙文
（1）
When the musical sund rings ut, 1 . But althugh yu prbably use it all the time, have yu ever stpped t think abut the manners related t talking n the phne?
If yu haven’t, here are sme tips t guide yu.
Always give the persn yu are calling plenty f time t get t the phne befre yu hang up. If the persn wh answers is nt the ne yu want, give yur name and ask if yu may speak t the persn yu want.
Think abut the time yu call peple. Try nt t call t early in the mrning（befre abut 9: 00） r t late at night（after abut 9:30）. 2 .
When face-t-face with smene, d nt talk n the phne. It is rude t be n the phne when a waiter is trying t take yur rder in a restaurant, 3 .
When in a restaurant with yur friends, keep phne cnversatins shrt. Make a call nly if it is imprtant. 4 If n ne lks yur way, yu’ve gt it.
If yu g t a theatre, a cncert r a cinema, cnsider the ther peple arund yu. Check that yur phne is “ff” befre yu enter. If yu are expecting a very imprtant call, put yur phne n “ vibrate”（振动） and run fr the exit as sn as yu feel it. If yu frget bth “ff” and “vibrate” and yur phne rings, dn’t answer it, 5 .
A．Try t speak in a lw vice
B．yu might want t dance
C．yu are sure t reach fr yur pcket ready t have a chat
D．Als try nt t call at mealtimes.
E．r when yu are ndding t smene
F．switch it ff at nce
G．Dn’t hang up t quickly!
（2）
Yawn! If yu ften feel t tired in the mrnings, even if yu’re getting 8hurs in, then this article is fr yu. Waking up still tired is pretty cmmn—but that desn’t mean it’s natural. 6 The fllwing tips may help.
Bdy scan. When yu pen yur eyes, even if yu have t madly turn ff yur annying alarm, lie back dwn fr 2minutes t d a quick bdy scan. First, take fur deep breaths. 7 This will leave yu feeling very calm.
Say smething yu’re grateful fr. This simple, shrt act gives us a mment t take ur minds ff all f ur respnsibilities, tasks, prjects and deadlines—and instead give thanks fr anther day f life. 8
Listen t yur favrite sngs. 9 There is a list f recrdings fr waking up and getting up in a shiny md but yu can pick anything yu like.
10 Having set sleep and waking times is s imprtant fr ensuring yu feel energetic and happy in the mrnings. Yur bdy begins t expect sleeping and waking up, making it less likely that yu′ll wake up tired．
A．Keep yur rutine.
B．Try t develp gd habits.
C．Then, start at yur tes and feet.
D．It will take yu much energy t d it.
E．Music will make yu energetic all day.
F．This can take 60 secnds but give peace t the day.
G．We are deserving f a peaceful start t each new day.
二、议论文
（1）
Bth men and wmen are living lnger these days in industrialized cuntries. 11 In general, they can expect t live six r seven years mre than men. One reasn fr this is bilgical.
One imprtant bilgical factr that helps wmen live lnger is the difference in hrmnes between men and wmen. 12 Between the ages f abut 12 and 50, wmen prduce hrmnes that are invlved in fertility（生育能力）. These hrmnes als have a psitive effect n the heart and bld flw. In fact, wmen are less likely t have high bld pressure r t die frm heart attacks.
13 They help the bdy defend itself against sme kinds f infectins. This means that wmen generally get sick less ften and less seriusly than men. The cmmn cld is a gd example: wmen, n average, get fewer clds than men. 14 Scientists are still nt exactly sure hw influence aging, but they believe that they d. Sme think that a wman’s bdy cells have a tendency（向） t age mre slwly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s bdy cells have a tendency t age mre quickly. 15
A．Hwever, wmen, n average, live lnger.
B．The bilgical factr plays an imprtant part.
C．Wmen are als helped by their female genes.
D．The female hrmnes als prtect the bdy in anther way.
E．Recent research seems t supprt bth f these pssibilities.
F．Therefre, wmen are mre healthy than men and can live a better life.
G．Hrmnes are chemicals which are prduced by the bdy t cntrl carius bdy functins.
（2）
Befre ging utside in the mrning, many f us check a windw thermmeter（温度计） fr the temperature. This helps us decide what t wear. 16 . We want ur fd t be a certain cldness in the refrigeratr. We want it a certain htness in the ven. If we dn’t feel well, we use a thermmeter t see if we have a fever. We keep ur rms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain clness in the summer.
Nt all the thermmeters use the same system t measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But mst ther cuntries use the Centigrade scale.
Bth systems use the freezing and biling pints f water as their guide. 17 .
The mst cmmn kind f thermmeter is made with mercury（水银） inside a clear glass tube. As mercury（r any ther liquid） becmes ht, it expands. As it gets clder, it cntracts（收缩）. That is why n ht days the mercury line is high in the glass tube. 18 .
First. Take a clear glass juice bttle that has a cap; fill the bttle with clured water. Tap a hle in the center f the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap n the jar. Then stick a plastic straw（吸管） thrugh the nail hle.
19 .
Finally. Place a white card n the utside f the bttle and behind the straw. Nw yu can see the water lever easily.
20 .
As the temperature ges dwn, the water will cntract, and the lever in the straw will cme dwn. Perhaps yu will want t keep a recrd f the water lever in the straw each mrning fr a week.
A．We use and depend n thermmeters t measure the temperature f many ther things in ur daily lives.
B．Thermmeters measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated r cled．
C．Nw that yu knw this rule yu can make a thermmeter f yur wn that will wrk.
D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature f the air ges up, the water will expand and rise even higher.
E．They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and bils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and bils at 100 degrees.
F．Take wax（yu may use an ld candle if yu have ne） and melt sme f it right where the straw is struck int the cap t seal（把……粘住） them tgether.
G．Peple use thermmeters which are made by themselves when travelling arund the wrld．
（3）
Chsing the right jb is prbably ne f the mst imprtant decisins we have t make in life, and it is frequently ne f the hardest decisins we have t make. One imprtant questin that yu might ask yurself is: “Hw d I get a gd jb?” 21 .
There are peple wh can answer an insignificant advertisement in the lcal paper and land the best jb in the wrld; thers write t all srts f places all ver the cuntry, and never seem t get a reply at all. Still thers believe that the in persn, dr-t-dr apprach is by far the best way t get a jb; and then there are thse wh, thrugh n active decisin f their wn, just seem t be in the right place at the right time. 22 . He used t spend a lt f his free time dwn by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might ne day sail ne f them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailr culd never be anything fr the by but an idle dream. One day, n his usual wandering, he heard the captain f the ship cmplaining that he culd nt sail because ne member f his crew was sick. Withut stpping t think, the lad（少年） ffered t take his place. 23 .
24 . If the lad had gne hme t pnder（考虑） his decisin fr a week, he may have missed his chance. It is ne thing t be ffered an pprtunity; it is anther thing t take it and use it well.
Smetimes we hear stries abut peple wh break all the rules and still seem t land plum jbs（美差）. When yu g fr a jb interview r fill ut an applicatin, yu are expected t say nice things abut the cmpany t which yu are applying. 25 . And within a year this persn had becme general manger f the cmpany.
A．This stry als illustrates the imprtance f seizing an pprtunity when it presents itself.
B．Peple find jbs in an infinite number f ways.
C．It’s almst impssible t find a gd jb by answering advertisement in newspapers
D．Take fr example the yung man wh wanted t be a sailr.
E．But there was ne persn wh landed an excellent jb by telling the interviewer all the cmpany’s faults.
F．He spent the rest f his life happily sailing the ships he had always lved.
G．It is very imprtant t seize an pprtunity when it presents itself. 高考英语专题练习
记叙文与议论文
答 案
1~5．CDEAF6~10．GCFEA11~15．ADDCE16~20. AECFD
21~25．BDFAE
高考英语专题练习
记叙文与议论文
解 析
一、（1）
1~3．
4．必要时尽量长话短说并且保持小声方为打电话礼仪.
5．根据前句意思可知在公众场所尽量不要打电话,要么关机要么震动要么直接挂掉.之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子,往往会有复数名词出现.
（2）
6~7．
8．本空处在段落结尾,一般用来总结全段或延伸前一句话.本处用来延伸前一句话give thanks fr anther day f life.
9．本段小标题是“听你最喜欢的歌曲”.因此本空应该与听歌有关,选择E.
10．本题要填的是小标题,要从后面的内容进行总结.后文说的是固定的睡眠和起床时间很重要,因此本题选A,要有规律.
二、（1）
11．根据空格下一句:一般说女性比男性多活6导7年可知此处的意思是:然而,女性平均比男性寿命更长,故选A.
12．根据空格上句:男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性寿命更长可知磁控的意思是:荷尔蒙是身体生产的控制各种身体功能的化学物质,故选G.
13~14．
15．根据空格前两句:一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向,另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向可知符合题意,故选E.
（2）
16~17．
18．本段前一部分介绍了温度计的构造原理,下文根据此原理制造一个能够计量温度工作的温度计.所以选项C符合文意.
19．根据上下文的逻辑意义,选项F是正确答案.
20．从下文可知应选与之对应的选项D．
（3）
21~23．
24．此空后面是对所举故事的进一步分析,选项A是此段的论点.
25．从此短的论点“Smetimes we hear stries abut peple wh break all the rules and still seem t land plum jbs”便能看出,只有选与此空前面的观点相反的选项E,才能和后面的结果相符合.
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