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外研版必修4Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication教学演示ppt课件
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这是一份外研版必修4Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication教学演示ppt课件，文件包含Module3第1课时ppt、Module3第1课时doc等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
Bdy Language and Nnverbal Cmmunicatin
1.1.1 集合的概念
第一课时 Intrductin & Reading
Ⅰ.词汇初探1．________(n.)武器2．________(n.)姿势；姿态3．________(n.)协议；交易4．________(n.)前额5．________(n.)手掌6．________(vi.)张开7．________(vt.)掌击
8．cmmunicate(vi.)(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流→______________(n.)交流；沟通9．uncnscius(adj.)无意的；不知不觉的→________(adj.)意识到的；自觉的10．________(vi.)变化→varius(adj.)各种各样的，各不相同的→variatin(n.)变化11．frmal(adj.)正式的→________(adj.)非正式的12．______________(adv.)传统地→traditinal(adj.)传统的→________(n.)传统
cmmunicatin
traditinally
13．__________(adj.)恐吓的；具有威胁的→threaten(v.)恐吓；威胁→________(n.)恐吓；威胁14．________(vt.)包括→invlvement(n.)卷入；牵连→________(adj.)参与……的；和……有关联的15．slightly(adv.)轻微地；稍微→________(adj.)轻轻的；稍微的；有一点的16．bw(vi.)鞠躬→________(n.)鞠躬17．________(n.)年轻人→yung(adj.)年轻的
threatening
Ⅱ.短语互译1．在远处 ________________2．想出；想到 ________________3．举起手 ________________4．与某人握手 ________________5．mre than ________________6．vary ________________7．n guard ________________8．make a deal __________________9．hld up ________10．give away ________________
in the distance
raise ne's hand
shake hands with sb.
Ⅲ.完成句子1．这篇文章对我们来说不容易理解。This article is nt easy ________________.(不定式的复合结构)2．如果天气允许，这周六我们去游玩好吗？____________________，shall we g uting this Saturday？(独立主格)3．你对她对你说的话那么肯定吗？Are yu s sure f__________________？(宾语从句)
fr us t understand
Weather permitting
what she said t yu
Ⅳ.语篇理解Step 1 IntrductinD yu knw the meanings f the bdy languages in the fllwing pictures? Please match the given wrds with the pictures.
Step 2 FastreadingⅠ.Read the passage fast and match each part with their general idea.
Ⅱ. True (T) r False (F)．1．Bdy Language varies frm culture t culture.( )2．Eurpeans shake hands with their right hand when greeting.( )3．In Asian cuntries greeting invlves tuching each ther.( )4．Muslims greet by jining their hands and bwing their heads.( )5．Peple can give away mre by gestures than by wrds.( )
Step 3 CarefulreadingChse the best answer accrding t the passage.1．Hw shuld we understand the wrd “cmmunicatin”？A．It nly refers t wrds and sentences.B．It refers t spken and written wrds.C．It refers t nt nly spken and written wrds but als bdy language.D．Nne f the abve.
2．Which f the fllwing gestures shws that ne trusts thers?A．Being n guard all the time.B．Shaking hands with the left hand.C．Shaking hands with the strnger hand.D．Shaking hands with a weapn.
3．Why d Eurpeans and Americans shake hands with their right hands?A．They have been used t it.B．The right hands are the weakest nes.C．They think it is frmal.D．They want t express they trust each ther.
4．“Give me five ！” ________.A．is nly used by the American yuthsB．is a gesture f frmal greetingC．is nw very ppular bth in America and in ther placesD．can happen when peple hld smething in their hands5．Bdy language is fascinating because ________.A．everyne is suppsed t study itB．yu can becme a mind readerC．ne can understand thers better by their bdy languageD．ne can imitate thers
Step 4 SummaryFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.We cmmunicate with 1.________ just spken and written wrds. We als need t learn bdy language, which 2.________ frm culture t culture. Traditinally, Eurpeans and Americans shake hands with their right hand. It means “I trust yu. Lk, I am nt carrying a 3.________ weapn.” They als shake hands when they make a 4.________. In China, we put the right hand ver the left and bw 5.________ when we greet smene while Muslims give a “salaam”. Hindus jin their hands and bw their heads in respect. The expressin “Give me five！” is als a gesture fr
American yuths t greet ne anther. Bdy language is 6.________ fr anyne t study. Yu can give 7.________ much mre by gestures than by wrds. S lk at yur friends and family t see if yu are a 8.________.
Step 5 DiscussinCan yu guess what smene is thinking r feeling lking at his r her bdy language?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Step 1 1.clap 2.shake 3.thumbs up 4.pint 5.smile 6.a high five 7.waveStep 2 Ⅰ.Part 1：B Part 2：C Part 3：AⅡ.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.TStep 3 1～5 CCDCCStep 4 1.mre than 2.varies 3.threatening 4.deal 5．slightly 6.fascinating 7.away 8.mind reader
Step 5①Yes, I can. A persn's bdy language can tell us what he r she is feeling. Fr example, if smene is nervus, his r her hands may shake. If a persn smiles but his r her eyes dn't lk happy, we can guess that there is smething wrng.②N, I can't. It is difficult t tell what a persn is thinking by lking at his r her bdy language. Peple use bdy language in different ways and gestures may have different meanings in different areas. Peple dn't always think abut their bdy language, s we may misunderstand them if we try t guess what they are thinking r feeling. It is als pssible fr peple t learn t use their bdy language t hide what they are really feeling r thinking.
1.intrduce v. 介绍；引见；使相互认识；采用；实施；推行知识拓展(1)intrduce sb. t sb. 把某人介绍给某人The headmaster intrduced ur new teachers t us.校长把新教师们介绍给了我们。(2)intrduce neself 自我介绍Let me intrduce myself. My name is Meldy Jhnsn.让我自我介绍一下，我叫梅洛迪·约翰逊。
(3)intrduce sth. t/int 把……引进……；使……传入……Sme Western cultures are intrduced int ur cuntry.很多西方文化传入中国。(4)intrduce sb. t sth. 使某人初次尝试某物Mther intrduced me t the jys f learning.妈妈让我初次尝到了学习的乐趣。单词积累intrductin n. 介绍；采用；传入
即学即用语法填空(1)It is wrth cnsidering what makes“cnvenience”fds s ppular, and________(intrduce)better nes f yur wn.答案：intrducing 本题句意为：值得考虑一下什么使得“方便”食品这么受人欢迎，并且介绍一下你自己比较喜欢的那些“食品”。and连接cnsider与intrduce，故intrduce也要用v.ing形式作为wrth的宾语使用。
(2)—The fd here is nice enugh.—My friend ________(intrduce) me a right place.答案：intrduced 本题考查动词的时态。这里用一般过去时表示过去发生的事实。句意为：我朋友还真给我找对了地方。从对食物的评价来看，intrduce这一动作当然是已经发生，故用一般过去时。
2．match v.(1)般配；与……相配It's difficult t match the clr f ld paint.很难找到和旧画颜色相配的色彩。(2)(与……)相同；相似；相一致Her fingerprints match thse fund at the scene f the crime.她的指纹与犯罪现场的指纹相吻合。
(3)match sb./sth.(t/with sb./sth.)相称(或相关)的人(或物)；将……配对The aim f the cmpetitin is t match the qute t the persn wh said it.比赛的要求是把引文和它的作者配在一起。(4)与……相匹敌；和……不相上下The teams were evenly matched.各队的水平旗鼓相当。
n.(1)[C]火柴He struck the match twice, but it culdn't burn.他擦了两次火柴，可是点不着。(2)[C]比赛；竞赛They are playing an imprtant match against Liverpl n Sunday.星期天他们和利物浦队有一场重要比赛。
(3)[sing.]敌手；旗鼓相当的人He is Jhn's match fr bravery.他与约翰勇气相当。(4)[sing.]相配的人(或物)；般配的人(或物)The napkins were a nice match fr the tableclth.餐巾和桌布相配得很好。
知识拓展match sb./sth. against/with sb./sth. 让……同……较量find/meet ne's match(in sb.) 遇到对手；棋逢对手
即学即用语法填空Her shes________her dress; they lk very well tgether.答案：match 考查动词词义。句意：她的鞋子和衣服很配，它们搭配起来很好看。match“般配；与……相配”。
3．cmmunicate v.(1)交流(信息、消息、意见等)；沟通We nly cmmunicate by Email.我们只通过电子邮件进行交流。(2)传递；传达(想法、感情、思想等)He was eager t cmmunicate his ideas t the grup.他急于把想法传给小组。
知识拓展(1)cmmunicatin n. 传达；信息；通讯；通信(2)cmmunicate with sb. 与某人联络be in cmmunicatin with 与……通讯；与……保持联系注意：cmmunicatin作“通讯；通信”解时，为不可数名词；作“信息”解时，为可数名词。Radi is the nly means f cmmunicatin in remte areas.边远地区唯一的通讯工具就是无线电。
即学即用介、副词填空(1)We usually cmmunicate ________ letter.(2)We cmmunicated ________ an interpreter.(3)She is unable t cmmunicate her ideas ________ ther peple.(4)The cuples wh cmmunicate well ________ each ther quarrel little.
(5)T be wellinfrmed, we shuld be ________ cmmunicatin ________ each ther ________ what happens t us.答案：(1)by (2)thrugh (3)t (4)with (5)in；with；abut
4．uncnscius adj.未发觉的；无意识的；不省人事的This wunded sldier was uncnscius frm his lss f bld.这名伤员由于失血过多而昏迷不醒。After she hit her head, she was uncnscius fr several minutes.她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟。
知识拓展(1)cnscius adj. 意识到的；自觉的He became cnscius again in a minute.他立刻又恢复了知觉。I had t make a cnscius effrt nt t be rude t him.我必须刻意约束自己不要对他粗鲁。
(2)固定搭配：be cnscius/uncnscius f sth. 意识到/未意识到某事She is very cnscius f the imprtance f the prblem.她完全意识到了问题的重要性。I was uncnscius f her presence.我不知道她在场。
辨析：cnscius与awareHe may be cnscius f fear, but nt altgether aware f the danger which is ging n abut him.他可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然察觉到他周围将发生什么危险。
即学即用语法填空She was quite ________(cnscius) f having made a careless mistake.答案：uncnscius uncnscius“不省人事的；未发觉的，无意识的”。句意为：她丝毫没有意识到自己犯下了一个粗心的错误。
5．vary v．变化The quality f ur prducts never varies; it's always excellent.我们的产品质量从未改变，一直都是上乘的。The weather varied frm mild t quite cld.天气从暖和变得非常冷了。
知识拓展(1)vary的过去式和过去分词是varied。(2)同根词：variety n. 变化；多变(化)；varius adj. 不同种类的；各种各样的(3)与vary有关的固定句型：vary in sth. 在……方面不同(有差异)vary with sth. 随着……变化vary 从……到……变化
链接：varius adj. 不同的；许多的提示：a variety f与varieties f意思相同，用法也相同，既可修饰不可数名词，又可修饰可数名词的复数。
辨析：vary与change
My design cannt vary with the funds.我的设计不能因经费问题而改来改去。I have t change my design.我不得不改变我的设计。
即学即用语法填空Nt surprisingly, the prices f prducts vary ________ quality and market cnditins such as supply and demand.答案：with vary强调不规则或连续地改变，vary with“随……而变化”；根据句意，用with。句意为：不足为怪，产品价格随产品的质量和市场的供需状况而改变。
6．frmal adj.正式的The dinner was a frmal affair.这是正式宴会。Her dress was t shwy fr such a frmal ccasin.在这么正式的场合她穿的衣服有点太花哨了。
知识拓展infrmal adj. 非正式的Thugh this is an infrmal call, he wears a frmat dress.尽管这是一次非正式访问，他仍然穿着礼服。The president will pay an infrmal visit t that cuntry.总统将对那个国家进行非正式访问。
即学即用语法填空(1)I need smething cmfrtable enugh t travel in but ________ enugh fr the meeting rm.答案：frmal frmal“正式的”。句意为：我要一些旅行时穿起来很舒服但是开会时也够正式的衣服。(2)It's nly a small ________(frmal) party—yu dn't have t dress up.答案：infrmal infrmal“非正式的”，根据其后解释“... yu dn't have t dress up.”可知答案为infrmal。句意为：这不过是一个小型的非正式的聚会，你用不着刻意打扮。
7．threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的He made an admissin that he had used threatening behavir.他承认用了恐吓手段。
知识拓展(1)threaten vt. 威胁；恐吓Tm's father threatened t beat him if he stle again.汤姆的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西就揍他。 (2)
threat n．[C，U]威胁，恐吓；前兆，征兆His presence is a threat t ur success.他的出现对我们的成功是一个威胁。There was a threat f typhn.有刮台风的征兆。
即学即用语法填空David threatened ________(reprt) his neighbur t the plice if the damages were nt paid.答案：t reprt threaten后接动词不定式作宾语，threaten t d sth.意为“威胁要做某事”；reprt这一动作的执行者是David，故用不定式的主动式。句意为：戴维威胁说，他邻居如果不赔偿损失，他就要报案。
8．deal n.(1)大量；很多They spent a great deal f mney.他们花了大量的钱。(2)协议；指交易We did a deal with the management n vertime.我们与资方在加班问题上达成了一项协议。
v. (dealt, dealt)(1)(与with连用)对付；应付；解决；处理；涉及；关于①Hw wuld yu deal with an armed burglar?遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？②This bk deals with the ancient histry f China.这本书讨论中国古代史。(2)(与with连用)与……有贸易往来；与……做买卖I've dealt with this shp fr 20 years.我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。
知识拓展a gd deal 许多call it a deal[俚]就这样决定；一言为定d/make a deal(with) (与……)做成一笔交易；(与……)达成协议That's a deal.就这么办，一言为定。
辨析：deal with与d with(1)deal with表示“处理；对待(人或事)”，常与hw连用；作“与……交易”讲时，不可用于被动语态。He knws well hw t deal with children.他很了解如何与孩子相处。(2)d with表示“处理；对待”，多与what连用。The new teacher didn't knw what t d with the class.那位新老师不知应该如何对待班里的学生。
即学即用语法填空(1)With the wrld changing fast, we have smething new________(deal) with all by urselves every day.答案：t deal 考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上t deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰smething new。(2)—This amunt which I cannt g abve is my last ffer.—OK, it is a ________.答案：deal it is a deal意为“一言为定；成交”。句意为：——这是我最后的出价，不能再高了。——好吧，成交。
9．invlve vt.包括；涉及；使参与①Greetings in Asian cuntries d nt invlve tuching the ther persn, but they always invlve the hands.在亚洲国家，问候是不接触对方身体的，但经常会用到手。②I was s invlved in my bk that I didn't hear yur knck.＝I was s invlved in reading my bk that I didn't hear yur knck.我全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。③Dn't invlve me in yur quarrel.不要把我卷入你们的争吵。
知识拓展(1)(构)invlved adj. 有牵连的invlvement n. 参与；加入；插手(2)get/be/becme invlved in 包含在……；与……有关；被卷入；专心地(做)invlve sb. in sth. 把某人卷入某事之中be invlved with 涉及；关注
即学即用语法填空(1)The jb ________(invlve) dealing with peple wrking in different departments s it is nt easy t d.答案：invlves invlve“包含，需要”。句意为：这项服务需要与在不同部门工作的人打交道，因此不容易做。
完成句子(2)我们每个人做出的决定包含碰运气。We each make decisins that ________ taking a chance.(3)他们专心于工作。They were ________ ________ wrking.答案：(2)invlves (3)invlved in
10．spread vt.(1)使伸展；使延伸I spread my arms as far apart as I culd.我尽可能地将双臂伸展开。(2)张开；展开；摊开Mm spread a new tableclth n the table.妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。(3)撒；散布；传播；普及She was tld nt t spread this secret arund.她被告知不要把这个秘密传出去。
vi.(1)伸展；延伸；延长(～ut)A wide stretch f land spreads in frnt f us.我们面前是一片广阔的土地。(2)传开；蔓延The fire spread frm the factry t the warehuse nearby.火从工厂蔓延到了附近的仓库。提示：spread表示“(消息、谣言、知识等的)传播”时，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。
知识拓展spread ut 张开；伸开；铺开；扩大(张)；展开；伸长spread ver 遍布；覆盖spread t 传到；波及；蔓延到
辨析：spread与expand
The fire sn spread t the nearby buildings.火势不久就波及了相邻的建筑。Water expands when it freezes.水结冰时会膨胀。
即学即用语法填空Papermaking began in China and frm here it ________ t Nrth Africa and Eurpe.答案：spread spread“传播；展开”。句意为：造纸起源于中国，并且从这里传播到北非和欧洲。
1.nt at all这个短语有两个含义，要根据上下文来确定：(1)一点也不，等于nt in the least，这时nt和at all可以隔开，nt放在助动词后，而at all放在句末。I dn't knw him at all.我根本就不认识他。—Are yu hungry? 你饿了吗？—Nt at all. 一点也不饿。
(2)用于回答thank yu时，yu're welcme和that's all right意思相同，意为“不用谢，别客气”。—Thank yu fr yur treatment! 谢谢你的款待！—Nt at all. 不客气。
知识拓展(1)at all用在肯定句中起强调作用，带有一些感情色彩，相当于n earth，有时可以不翻译，也可以译作“到底；竟然”。①What have yu dne at all?你到底做了些什么？②I'm surprised at his passing the examinatin at all.我奇怪他竟然通过了考试。(2)nt at all＝nt in the least＝nt a bit 一点也不；nt a little＝very 非常
即学即用语法填空—D yu mind if I recrd yur lecture?—________. G ahead.答案：Nt at all 考查交际用语。句意：——我录下你的讲座你介意吗？——一点也不(介意)，你录吧。nt at all符合句意。
2．in the distance 在远处(但可以看到或听到)We saw light in the distance.我们看到远处有灯光。
知识拓展(1)at/frm a distance 在远处/从不太近的地方The detective fllwed him at a distance.侦探远远的跟着他。(2)keep ne's distance frm sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离(3)distance n. 距离distant adj. 远方的distantly adv. 淡然地
即学即用介词填空Yu can't see the picture clearly ________ the distance. But yu'll find it beautiful when yu see it ________ a distance.答案：in；at
3．think f 考虑；思考①We are thinking f ging t France.我们考虑到法国去。②I think f it as impssible.我认为这是不可能的。③What d yu think f it?你认为这件事怎么样？
知识拓展think better f sb. 对某人有更高的评价think highly f 看重；器重think well f 认为……好think little f 看轻；看不起think prly f 不放在眼里；轻视think nthing f 轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什么了不起
即学即用完成句子I'm thinking________where t spend my hliday.答案：abut
4．n guard 警觉；站岗n＋名词构成的词组，此处n表示处于某种状态或某个方位。n bard乘(船，飞机)，n call听候召唤，n duty值班，n fire着火，n ft步行，n hliday 度假，n leave 休假，n sale 待售，n shre 在岸上，n time 准时，n the mve 在进行中，n the ther hand 另一方面，n the spt 当场，n the tip f ne's tngue 快要说出口，n tp f 在……的顶部，n watch 值班
即学即用单句改错We are n a guard until we feel safe.________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉a
5．in respect 尊敬地He tk ff his hat and bwed t the queen in respect.他摘下帽子向王后尊敬地鞠了一躬。
知识拓展(1)“in＋抽象名词”结构表示某种状态或方式，经常在句子中作状语。如：in surprise/silence/astnishment/excitement/anger 吃惊/默默/大吃一惊/兴奋/生气地(2)have/shw respect fr 对……表示尊敬send/give ne's respect t... 向……致候give ne's respects t... 代某人向……问好Give my respects t yur wife.请代我向你太太问好。
链接：respectable adj. 相当好的；值得尊敬的；高尚的；体面的respective adj. 分别的；各自的respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬的respecting prep. 关于
即学即用语法填空The tw friends said gdbye and went t their________(respect) hmes.答案：respective 句意：这两个好朋友道别后就回了各自的家。
6．hld up(1)承受住；支撑住She's hlding up well under the pressure.她承受住了压力。(2)举起；抬起The by held up his right hand t ask a questin.男孩举起右手想问一个问题。(3)延迟；阻碍An accident is hlding up traffic.一场事故造成了交通阻塞。
知识拓展hld back 保留；抑制；自制hld ff 延迟；推迟；克服hld ut 维持；坚持hld the line 别挂断电话take/catch/get hld f sb./sth. 抓住；拿着hld n 抓住……不放；依附；继续做某事；坚持；稍等(尤指不挂断电话以等待想找的人)
即学即用完成句子(1)你能举起这块石头维持几分钟吗？Can yu ________ ________ the stne fr sme minutes?语法填空(2)I missed seeing my brther ff at the airprt because my car was held ________ in a traffic jam.(3)Frank knew that if he did he culd never hld ________ his head again.
答案：(1)hld up(2)up 句意：我没有去飞机场给我的哥哥送行，因为我遇到了交通堵塞。hld up阻碍，使停顿。(3)up hld up举起，抬起；符合句意。
7．give away暴露(自己的情况)；赠送；分发①Peple give away much mre by their gestures than by their wrds.人们用姿势比用语言更能暴露自己的情况。②He gave away all his frtune t the pr.他把自己所有的财产都送给了穷人。③They argued back and frth until finally Jack gave in.他们反复争论，直到最后杰克让步为止。
④He plans t stay there until his mney gives ut.他计划在那里待到钱花完为止。⑤It is a pity t give up the jb.要放弃这份工作，真是遗憾。
知识拓展give in 屈服；让步give back 归还；报复give up 放弃；停止；献出give ff 发出give ut 散发；颁发；宣布；用完
即学即用(1)不要把国家机密泄露给敌人。Dn't ________ ________ any state secrets t the enemy.用适当的介词或副词填空。(2)They're giving ________ free glasses at the supermarket.(3)Tm always gave ________ t his big brther.(4)Please give my pen ________. I need it nw.
(5)The apples give ________ a very sweet smell.(6)Please help me give ________ these test papers.(7)He gave ________ teaching nly tw years ag.答案：(1)give away (2)away (3)in (4)back (5)ff (6)ut (7)up
1.Perhaps mre than I think.也许比我想得要多。mre than的意义非常多，在许多情况下，它都失去了比较级的含义。
知识拓展(1)表数量：多于There are mre than 60,000 students in ur schl.我们学校有6万多名学生。(2)不仅仅；远甚于；不只是Hibernatin is mre than sleep. It is a deep sleep.冬眠不仅仅是睡眠，它是一种深度睡眠。
(3)mre than＝nt nly r very 不仅仅；不只；非常Hearing the news, he was mre than a little angry.听了这个消息他非常生气。(4)与其说……不如……；肯定前者，否定后者。Lu Bu was mre brave than wise.吕布有勇无谋。
辨析：n mre than/nt mre than(1)n mre than：①(表数量)仅仅；只有；强调“少”。I have n mre than 50 yuan in my pcket, s I can't lend any mney t yu.我口袋里仅仅有50元钱，所以我不能借钱给你。②仅仅；只是Mst f my classmates in cllege are still n mre than small ptates nw, while ur mnitr is mre than a famus prfessr, but he is als a yung scientist f great achievements.我的大多数大学同学现在仍然只是个小人物，而我们的班长现在不仅是个著名教授，而且是个颇有成就的年轻科学家了。
③n＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than，表示对比较双方都否定，常译为：并不比……更……；和……一样不……。My English is n better than his, s I can't help him.我的英语并不比他好，所以我不能帮助他。(2)nt mre than：①(表数量)不超过；最多(客观地说明数量，不强调“少”)。The by wh is fnd f playing chess isn't mre than 20 years ld.那个喜爱下棋的男孩最多20岁。②nt＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than，表示对比较双方程度的比较，不含否定意义，常译为：……不如……。
即学即用语法填空(1)It tk mre________ building supplies t cnstruct these energysaving huses. It tk brains, t.答案：than 考查短语。根据后句“也需要脑力。”可知要建设节能房屋不仅仅(mre than)需要建筑材料。
(2)He is ________ a friend t me. He is in a way my English teacher.答案：mre than 句意：他不仅是我的朋友，他在某种程度上是我的英语老师。mre than＋名词“不仅仅是，不只是”。(3)—Oh, hw fat he is!—Ha, he is ________ shrt than fat.答案：mre 句意：——哦，他那么胖啊！——哈，他与其说是胖不如说是矮。考查mre... than...“与其……不如……”。
2.When in Rme, D as the Rmans D.入乡随俗。(1)as＝in the way that，作“像；按照”解，引导方式状语从句。Remember, yu must d everything as I d.记住，你们必须按我所做的去做。(2)When in Rme＝When yu are in Rme
知识拓展在有些时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果谓语包含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致或主语是it，常可省略从句的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是系动词be)。这些省略的时间、条件、让步状语从句常由when, while, nce, befre, till/until, whenever, if, unless, thugh引导。①She is shy and desn't speak until(she is)spken t.她很腼腆，你若不跟她说话她是不会开口的。
②Cme and give me a hand if(it is)pssible.可能的话请来帮我个忙。③Yu can read it nce again mre slwly, using a dictinary when necessary.你可以慢一点再读一遍，必要时可以查查字典。④Thugh(he was)tired, he went n practising it.虽然很疲劳，可他仍继续练习。
即学即用语法填空Every evening after dinner, if nt ________(tire) frm wrk, I will spend sme time walking my dg.答案：tired 本题考查动词的过去分词用法。此处tired是过去分词，相当于if I am nt tired frm wrk；句意为：若非工作劳累，每天晚饭后，我都会花时间去遛狗。
3．Althugh these are very imprtant, we cmmunicate with mre than just spken and written wrds.虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流。该句型是althugh引导的让步状语从句。①Thugh/Althugh the by came back t life, yet he remained weak.虽然那男孩已苏醒过来，但是他的身体还是很虚弱。
②Thugh/Althugh I liked the appearance f the huse, what really made me decide t buy it was the beautiful view thrugh the windw.虽然我喜欢这座房子的外貌，但是真正促使我买下它的是从窗户往外可以看到美丽的景色。注意：thugh/althugh不能与but同时使用，但是可以与yet，still这些词使用。Thugh they may nt succeed, yet they will still try.尽管他们可能不会成功，但是他们仍会努力尝试。
知识拓展(1)thugh除作连词外，还可作副词，一般放在句末，前面用逗号隔开。I've a bit f headache. It's nthing serius, thugh.我有点头痛，不过并不厉害。(2)thugh还可与even连用，也可换成even if。I'll g t see yu this evening even thugh I can stay nly a few minutes.今晚我一定去看你，即使我只能呆一会儿。
辨析：althugh, thugh与as三者都可以引导让步状语从句，但有如下区别：(1)althugh置于句首，不用倒装语序。(2)thugh引导的从句可置于句首，也可在句末。(3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装语序。Child as he is, he knws a lt.尽管他是个孩子，他却懂得很多。
即学即用语法填空(1)We had t wait half an hur________we had already bked a table.答案：althugh 句意为“尽管我们已经预定了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时”。althugh“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(2)________ the plice thught he was the mst likely ne, since they had n exact prf abut it, they culd nt arrest him.答案：Althugh 本题考查连词的用法。Althugh在此引导让步性状语从句，与后文主句部分构成转折关系。句意为：虽然警察认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是并没有直接证据，因而不能拘捕他。
4．Indeed, bdy psitins are part f what we call“bdy language”．事实上，身体姿势就是我们称为“身势语”的一部分。what在这里是代词，有双重作用，既引导宾语从句又在宾语从句中作call的宾语，与bdy language一起构成复合宾语。
知识拓展what用作连接代词，此时，what表示“所……的(事)或所……的(人)”，相当于“the thing(s)that...; all that...; everything that...; the persn that...”等，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句(不可引导同位语从句)；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Leave it with me and I'll see what I can d.把它留给我，我看看该怎么办。(what引导宾语从句，并作d的宾语)
What he said at the meeting astnished everybdy present.他在会上说的话使在座的每个人都很吃惊。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语)What is the mst imprtant in life isn't mney.生活中最重要的不是钱。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)He is nt what he used t be.他已不是从前的他了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
辨析：what与thatwhat作代词相当于all that, everything that, the place that, the persn等，不能引导定语从句。that引导定语从句。①He did all(that)he culd t help his mther.他尽可能地帮他母亲。②All(that)we need is a lt f time.我们所需要的是充足的时间。
即学即用语法填空(1)As a new graduate，he desn't knw________it takes t start a business here.答案：what 句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道创业需要什么。it take sth. t d sth.花费……干某事。本题考查宾语从句，且从句中缺少take的宾语，故用what。
(2)I want t be liked and lved fr________I am inside.答案：what 句意：我想叫人们因为我的内在本质而喜欢我爱我。此题考查宾语从句的用法。what 此处表示“……的内容/事情”，相当于“the thing that”。(3)________sme peple regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many thers.答案：What 句意：一些人认为是缺陷的东西在另一些人眼里却是长处。此题考查主语从句的用法。what 此处表示“……的东西/事物”，相当于“the thing(s) that”，引导主语从句，在主语从句中作regard 的宾语。
(4)We shuld respect fd and think abut the peple wh dn't have __________we have here and treat fd nicely.答案：what 考查名词性从句。第一个have是及物动词，需加宾语；第二个have也缺少宾语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时也在从句中作宾语，what相当于anything that。
5．S every culture has develped a frmal way t greet strangers, t shw them we are nt aggressive.所以每一种文化都有了一种正规的方式来迎接陌生人，向他们表明我们并没有敌意。(1)句中t greet strangers是动词不定式作定语，修饰way。(2)way n．方式；手法；方法；可用于way t d sth.或way f ding sth.结构中。另外，way作先行词时，定语从句的关系词有三种形式，即that, in which或省略关系代词。①This is the best way t slve the prblem.这是解决问题的最佳途径。②I dn't like the way(that/in which)he behaves.我不喜欢他的行为举止。
即学即用Can yu tell me the way yu think f________(wrk ut) the prblem?答案：t wrk ut 考查the way t d sth.在定语从句中的应用。yu think f 作定语从句修饰the way, t wrk ut the prblem为不定式作定语修饰the way。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．He can ________(交流) with freigners in English.2．If yu are ________(不知不觉的) f smething，yu dn't knw that it is happening.3．He received a ________(恐吓的) letter yesterday.4．Yu shuld get away frm the ________(挑衅的) bys.5．They ften hld ________(非正式的) parties at the weekend.6．The big fire ________(蔓延) very quickly because the wind was strng.
7．Many ________(年轻人) tk part in the activity held by the gvernment.8．He was nly ________(稍微) injured in the accident.9．Fashin ________(变化) frm cuntry t cuntry.10．He was ________(卷入，涉及) in great truble because f careless driving.答案：1.cmmunicate 2.uncnscius 3.threatening 4.aggressive 5.infrmal 6.spread 7.yuths 8.slightly9．varies 10.invlved
Ⅱ.用合适的介词或副词填空1．If yu trust smene, yu believe them and rely ________ them.2．What shuld yu d when yu see a friend ________ the distance?3．Bdy psitins are part ________ what we call “bdy language”．4．Even tday, peple still use their hands ________ a gesture ________ trust.5．Peple are usually mre frmal ________ the peple they dn't knw.答案：1.n 2.in 3.f 4.as; f 5.with
Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词1．Dn't mentin that at the beginning f the stry, r it may ________ ________(泄露) the shcking ending.2．Entering the rm, they ________ ________(握手)with each ther and then sat dwn.3．The plan fr the new bk is n ice at the mment. I've ________ ________ ________(忙于)t many ther things.4．The citizens were warned t be ________ ________(警戒) against a sudden night attack.
5．The car cmpany has ________ ________ ________(交易)with a Russian firm, which will supply engines in exchange fr brakes.6．They jin their hands and bw their heads ________ ________(恭敬地)．7．Please ________ ________ ________(问好) yur mther fr me.8．She's ________ ________(支撑) well under the pressure.9．I dn't knw hw t ________ ________(处理)these imprtant things.
10．The meeting ________ ________(开完), all f us went hme.答案：1.give away 2.shk hands 3.been busy with 4.n guard 5.made a deal 6.in respect 7.say hell t 8.hlding up 9.deal with 10.being ver
Ⅳ.语法填空1．—I think being ________ f ne's shrtcmings helps ne t make mre prgress.—I can't agree mre.答案：cnscius 句意为：——我认为意识到一个人的缺点有助于一个人取得更多进步。——我非常同意。be cnscius f是固定短语，意为“意识到”。
2．Scial custms ________ greatly frm ne cuntry t ________.答案：vary; anther 句意为：社会习俗从一个国家到另一个国家情况有很大不同。vary意为“变化”时，是不及物动词，frm ne cuntry t anther相当于frm cuntry t cuntry，意为“从一个国家到另一个国家”。3．She tried t stay calm n the stage，but her trembling vice gave________ her nervusness.答案：away 句意为：在舞台上她努力保持镇静，但是她颤抖的声音暴露了她的紧张。give away意为“暴露”。
4．—What ________(surprise) news! I never thught he wuld succeed.—But he did pass the exam.答案：surprising 句意为：——多让人吃惊的消息呀！我从没想到他会成功。——但他的确通过了考试。从句意可知surprising正确。5．—Srry，I have t hang________ nw. It's time fr wrk.—OK，I'll call back later.答案：up 句意为：——抱歉，我现在必须挂电话了，到上班时间了。——好，以后我再打过来。hang up意为“挂断电话”。
6．All the children ________(invlve) in the schl play and they are very happy.答案：are invlved 句意为：校本剧涉及到所有的孩于，他们都很高兴。be invlved in是固定词组， 意为“被卷入，涉及到”。7．He tightly ________(shake) the famus pp star by the ________(hand)．答案：shk; hand 句意为：他紧紧地握住那位著名歌手的手。shake sb.by the hand意为“和某人握手”，其中shake的过去式为shk。
8．—I will lend my MP4 t yu if yu help me d the wrk.—OK，it's a ________.答案：deal 句意为：——如果你帮我做这项工作，我就把我的MP4借给你。——好，成交。it's a deal意为“成交”，表示同意做。9．—What was the truble with Jack the day befre yesterday?—When he practiced running n the playgrund, his strength gave________ and he fell nt the grund.答案：ut 答语意为：当他在操场上练习跑步时，力气耗尽，摔倒在操场上。give ut意为“(体力)耗尽”符合题意。
10．When it became clear, she ________ the wet clthes n the grass t dry them in the sun.答案：spread 句意为：当天放晴的时候，她把湿衣服伸展在草地上晒干。spread意为“伸开，展开”。
Bdy Language and Nnverbal Cmmunicatin
1.1.1 集合的概念
第一课时 Intrductin & Reading
Ⅰ.词汇初探1．________(n.)武器2．________(n.)姿势；姿态3．________(n.)协议；交易4．________(n.)前额5．________(n.)手掌6．________(vi.)张开7．________(vt.)掌击
8．cmmunicate(vi.)(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流→______________(n.)交流；沟通9．uncnscius(adj.)无意的；不知不觉的→________(adj.)意识到的；自觉的10．________(vi.)变化→varius(adj.)各种各样的，各不相同的→variatin(n.)变化11．frmal(adj.)正式的→________(adj.)非正式的12．______________(adv.)传统地→traditinal(adj.)传统的→________(n.)传统
cmmunicatin
traditinally
13．__________(adj.)恐吓的；具有威胁的→threaten(v.)恐吓；威胁→________(n.)恐吓；威胁14．________(vt.)包括→invlvement(n.)卷入；牵连→________(adj.)参与……的；和……有关联的15．slightly(adv.)轻微地；稍微→________(adj.)轻轻的；稍微的；有一点的16．bw(vi.)鞠躬→________(n.)鞠躬17．________(n.)年轻人→yung(adj.)年轻的
threatening
Ⅱ.短语互译1．在远处 ________________2．想出；想到 ________________3．举起手 ________________4．与某人握手 ________________5．mre than ________________6．vary ________________7．n guard ________________8．make a deal __________________9．hld up ________10．give away ________________
in the distance
raise ne's hand
shake hands with sb.
Ⅲ.完成句子1．这篇文章对我们来说不容易理解。This article is nt easy ________________.(不定式的复合结构)2．如果天气允许，这周六我们去游玩好吗？____________________，shall we g uting this Saturday？(独立主格)3．你对她对你说的话那么肯定吗？Are yu s sure f__________________？(宾语从句)
fr us t understand
Weather permitting
what she said t yu
Ⅳ.语篇理解Step 1 IntrductinD yu knw the meanings f the bdy languages in the fllwing pictures? Please match the given wrds with the pictures.
Step 2 FastreadingⅠ.Read the passage fast and match each part with their general idea.
Ⅱ. True (T) r False (F)．1．Bdy Language varies frm culture t culture.( )2．Eurpeans shake hands with their right hand when greeting.( )3．In Asian cuntries greeting invlves tuching each ther.( )4．Muslims greet by jining their hands and bwing their heads.( )5．Peple can give away mre by gestures than by wrds.( )
Step 3 CarefulreadingChse the best answer accrding t the passage.1．Hw shuld we understand the wrd “cmmunicatin”？A．It nly refers t wrds and sentences.B．It refers t spken and written wrds.C．It refers t nt nly spken and written wrds but als bdy language.D．Nne f the abve.
2．Which f the fllwing gestures shws that ne trusts thers?A．Being n guard all the time.B．Shaking hands with the left hand.C．Shaking hands with the strnger hand.D．Shaking hands with a weapn.
3．Why d Eurpeans and Americans shake hands with their right hands?A．They have been used t it.B．The right hands are the weakest nes.C．They think it is frmal.D．They want t express they trust each ther.
4．“Give me five ！” ________.A．is nly used by the American yuthsB．is a gesture f frmal greetingC．is nw very ppular bth in America and in ther placesD．can happen when peple hld smething in their hands5．Bdy language is fascinating because ________.A．everyne is suppsed t study itB．yu can becme a mind readerC．ne can understand thers better by their bdy languageD．ne can imitate thers
Step 4 SummaryFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.We cmmunicate with 1.________ just spken and written wrds. We als need t learn bdy language, which 2.________ frm culture t culture. Traditinally, Eurpeans and Americans shake hands with their right hand. It means “I trust yu. Lk, I am nt carrying a 3.________ weapn.” They als shake hands when they make a 4.________. In China, we put the right hand ver the left and bw 5.________ when we greet smene while Muslims give a “salaam”. Hindus jin their hands and bw their heads in respect. The expressin “Give me five！” is als a gesture fr
American yuths t greet ne anther. Bdy language is 6.________ fr anyne t study. Yu can give 7.________ much mre by gestures than by wrds. S lk at yur friends and family t see if yu are a 8.________.
Step 5 DiscussinCan yu guess what smene is thinking r feeling lking at his r her bdy language?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Step 1 1.clap 2.shake 3.thumbs up 4.pint 5.smile 6.a high five 7.waveStep 2 Ⅰ.Part 1：B Part 2：C Part 3：AⅡ.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.TStep 3 1～5 CCDCCStep 4 1.mre than 2.varies 3.threatening 4.deal 5．slightly 6.fascinating 7.away 8.mind reader
Step 5①Yes, I can. A persn's bdy language can tell us what he r she is feeling. Fr example, if smene is nervus, his r her hands may shake. If a persn smiles but his r her eyes dn't lk happy, we can guess that there is smething wrng.②N, I can't. It is difficult t tell what a persn is thinking by lking at his r her bdy language. Peple use bdy language in different ways and gestures may have different meanings in different areas. Peple dn't always think abut their bdy language, s we may misunderstand them if we try t guess what they are thinking r feeling. It is als pssible fr peple t learn t use their bdy language t hide what they are really feeling r thinking.
1.intrduce v. 介绍；引见；使相互认识；采用；实施；推行知识拓展(1)intrduce sb. t sb. 把某人介绍给某人The headmaster intrduced ur new teachers t us.校长把新教师们介绍给了我们。(2)intrduce neself 自我介绍Let me intrduce myself. My name is Meldy Jhnsn.让我自我介绍一下，我叫梅洛迪·约翰逊。
(3)intrduce sth. t/int 把……引进……；使……传入……Sme Western cultures are intrduced int ur cuntry.很多西方文化传入中国。(4)intrduce sb. t sth. 使某人初次尝试某物Mther intrduced me t the jys f learning.妈妈让我初次尝到了学习的乐趣。单词积累intrductin n. 介绍；采用；传入
即学即用语法填空(1)It is wrth cnsidering what makes“cnvenience”fds s ppular, and________(intrduce)better nes f yur wn.答案：intrducing 本题句意为：值得考虑一下什么使得“方便”食品这么受人欢迎，并且介绍一下你自己比较喜欢的那些“食品”。and连接cnsider与intrduce，故intrduce也要用v.ing形式作为wrth的宾语使用。
(2)—The fd here is nice enugh.—My friend ________(intrduce) me a right place.答案：intrduced 本题考查动词的时态。这里用一般过去时表示过去发生的事实。句意为：我朋友还真给我找对了地方。从对食物的评价来看，intrduce这一动作当然是已经发生，故用一般过去时。
2．match v.(1)般配；与……相配It's difficult t match the clr f ld paint.很难找到和旧画颜色相配的色彩。(2)(与……)相同；相似；相一致Her fingerprints match thse fund at the scene f the crime.她的指纹与犯罪现场的指纹相吻合。
(3)match sb./sth.(t/with sb./sth.)相称(或相关)的人(或物)；将……配对The aim f the cmpetitin is t match the qute t the persn wh said it.比赛的要求是把引文和它的作者配在一起。(4)与……相匹敌；和……不相上下The teams were evenly matched.各队的水平旗鼓相当。
n.(1)[C]火柴He struck the match twice, but it culdn't burn.他擦了两次火柴，可是点不着。(2)[C]比赛；竞赛They are playing an imprtant match against Liverpl n Sunday.星期天他们和利物浦队有一场重要比赛。
(3)[sing.]敌手；旗鼓相当的人He is Jhn's match fr bravery.他与约翰勇气相当。(4)[sing.]相配的人(或物)；般配的人(或物)The napkins were a nice match fr the tableclth.餐巾和桌布相配得很好。
知识拓展match sb./sth. against/with sb./sth. 让……同……较量find/meet ne's match(in sb.) 遇到对手；棋逢对手
即学即用语法填空Her shes________her dress; they lk very well tgether.答案：match 考查动词词义。句意：她的鞋子和衣服很配，它们搭配起来很好看。match“般配；与……相配”。
3．cmmunicate v.(1)交流(信息、消息、意见等)；沟通We nly cmmunicate by Email.我们只通过电子邮件进行交流。(2)传递；传达(想法、感情、思想等)He was eager t cmmunicate his ideas t the grup.他急于把想法传给小组。
知识拓展(1)cmmunicatin n. 传达；信息；通讯；通信(2)cmmunicate with sb. 与某人联络be in cmmunicatin with 与……通讯；与……保持联系注意：cmmunicatin作“通讯；通信”解时，为不可数名词；作“信息”解时，为可数名词。Radi is the nly means f cmmunicatin in remte areas.边远地区唯一的通讯工具就是无线电。
即学即用介、副词填空(1)We usually cmmunicate ________ letter.(2)We cmmunicated ________ an interpreter.(3)She is unable t cmmunicate her ideas ________ ther peple.(4)The cuples wh cmmunicate well ________ each ther quarrel little.
(5)T be wellinfrmed, we shuld be ________ cmmunicatin ________ each ther ________ what happens t us.答案：(1)by (2)thrugh (3)t (4)with (5)in；with；abut
4．uncnscius adj.未发觉的；无意识的；不省人事的This wunded sldier was uncnscius frm his lss f bld.这名伤员由于失血过多而昏迷不醒。After she hit her head, she was uncnscius fr several minutes.她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟。
知识拓展(1)cnscius adj. 意识到的；自觉的He became cnscius again in a minute.他立刻又恢复了知觉。I had t make a cnscius effrt nt t be rude t him.我必须刻意约束自己不要对他粗鲁。
(2)固定搭配：be cnscius/uncnscius f sth. 意识到/未意识到某事She is very cnscius f the imprtance f the prblem.她完全意识到了问题的重要性。I was uncnscius f her presence.我不知道她在场。
辨析：cnscius与awareHe may be cnscius f fear, but nt altgether aware f the danger which is ging n abut him.他可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然察觉到他周围将发生什么危险。
即学即用语法填空She was quite ________(cnscius) f having made a careless mistake.答案：uncnscius uncnscius“不省人事的；未发觉的，无意识的”。句意为：她丝毫没有意识到自己犯下了一个粗心的错误。
5．vary v．变化The quality f ur prducts never varies; it's always excellent.我们的产品质量从未改变，一直都是上乘的。The weather varied frm mild t quite cld.天气从暖和变得非常冷了。
知识拓展(1)vary的过去式和过去分词是varied。(2)同根词：variety n. 变化；多变(化)；varius adj. 不同种类的；各种各样的(3)与vary有关的固定句型：vary in sth. 在……方面不同(有差异)vary with sth. 随着……变化vary 从……到……变化
链接：varius adj. 不同的；许多的提示：a variety f与varieties f意思相同，用法也相同，既可修饰不可数名词，又可修饰可数名词的复数。
辨析：vary与change
My design cannt vary with the funds.我的设计不能因经费问题而改来改去。I have t change my design.我不得不改变我的设计。
即学即用语法填空Nt surprisingly, the prices f prducts vary ________ quality and market cnditins such as supply and demand.答案：with vary强调不规则或连续地改变，vary with“随……而变化”；根据句意，用with。句意为：不足为怪，产品价格随产品的质量和市场的供需状况而改变。
6．frmal adj.正式的The dinner was a frmal affair.这是正式宴会。Her dress was t shwy fr such a frmal ccasin.在这么正式的场合她穿的衣服有点太花哨了。
知识拓展infrmal adj. 非正式的Thugh this is an infrmal call, he wears a frmat dress.尽管这是一次非正式访问，他仍然穿着礼服。The president will pay an infrmal visit t that cuntry.总统将对那个国家进行非正式访问。
即学即用语法填空(1)I need smething cmfrtable enugh t travel in but ________ enugh fr the meeting rm.答案：frmal frmal“正式的”。句意为：我要一些旅行时穿起来很舒服但是开会时也够正式的衣服。(2)It's nly a small ________(frmal) party—yu dn't have t dress up.答案：infrmal infrmal“非正式的”，根据其后解释“... yu dn't have t dress up.”可知答案为infrmal。句意为：这不过是一个小型的非正式的聚会，你用不着刻意打扮。
7．threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的He made an admissin that he had used threatening behavir.他承认用了恐吓手段。
知识拓展(1)threaten vt. 威胁；恐吓Tm's father threatened t beat him if he stle again.汤姆的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西就揍他。 (2)
threat n．[C，U]威胁，恐吓；前兆，征兆His presence is a threat t ur success.他的出现对我们的成功是一个威胁。There was a threat f typhn.有刮台风的征兆。
即学即用语法填空David threatened ________(reprt) his neighbur t the plice if the damages were nt paid.答案：t reprt threaten后接动词不定式作宾语，threaten t d sth.意为“威胁要做某事”；reprt这一动作的执行者是David，故用不定式的主动式。句意为：戴维威胁说，他邻居如果不赔偿损失，他就要报案。
8．deal n.(1)大量；很多They spent a great deal f mney.他们花了大量的钱。(2)协议；指交易We did a deal with the management n vertime.我们与资方在加班问题上达成了一项协议。
v. (dealt, dealt)(1)(与with连用)对付；应付；解决；处理；涉及；关于①Hw wuld yu deal with an armed burglar?遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？②This bk deals with the ancient histry f China.这本书讨论中国古代史。(2)(与with连用)与……有贸易往来；与……做买卖I've dealt with this shp fr 20 years.我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。
知识拓展a gd deal 许多call it a deal[俚]就这样决定；一言为定d/make a deal(with) (与……)做成一笔交易；(与……)达成协议That's a deal.就这么办，一言为定。
辨析：deal with与d with(1)deal with表示“处理；对待(人或事)”，常与hw连用；作“与……交易”讲时，不可用于被动语态。He knws well hw t deal with children.他很了解如何与孩子相处。(2)d with表示“处理；对待”，多与what连用。The new teacher didn't knw what t d with the class.那位新老师不知应该如何对待班里的学生。
即学即用语法填空(1)With the wrld changing fast, we have smething new________(deal) with all by urselves every day.答案：t deal 考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上t deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰smething new。(2)—This amunt which I cannt g abve is my last ffer.—OK, it is a ________.答案：deal it is a deal意为“一言为定；成交”。句意为：——这是我最后的出价，不能再高了。——好吧，成交。
9．invlve vt.包括；涉及；使参与①Greetings in Asian cuntries d nt invlve tuching the ther persn, but they always invlve the hands.在亚洲国家，问候是不接触对方身体的，但经常会用到手。②I was s invlved in my bk that I didn't hear yur knck.＝I was s invlved in reading my bk that I didn't hear yur knck.我全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。③Dn't invlve me in yur quarrel.不要把我卷入你们的争吵。
知识拓展(1)(构)invlved adj. 有牵连的invlvement n. 参与；加入；插手(2)get/be/becme invlved in 包含在……；与……有关；被卷入；专心地(做)invlve sb. in sth. 把某人卷入某事之中be invlved with 涉及；关注
即学即用语法填空(1)The jb ________(invlve) dealing with peple wrking in different departments s it is nt easy t d.答案：invlves invlve“包含，需要”。句意为：这项服务需要与在不同部门工作的人打交道，因此不容易做。
完成句子(2)我们每个人做出的决定包含碰运气。We each make decisins that ________ taking a chance.(3)他们专心于工作。They were ________ ________ wrking.答案：(2)invlves (3)invlved in
10．spread vt.(1)使伸展；使延伸I spread my arms as far apart as I culd.我尽可能地将双臂伸展开。(2)张开；展开；摊开Mm spread a new tableclth n the table.妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。(3)撒；散布；传播；普及She was tld nt t spread this secret arund.她被告知不要把这个秘密传出去。
vi.(1)伸展；延伸；延长(～ut)A wide stretch f land spreads in frnt f us.我们面前是一片广阔的土地。(2)传开；蔓延The fire spread frm the factry t the warehuse nearby.火从工厂蔓延到了附近的仓库。提示：spread表示“(消息、谣言、知识等的)传播”时，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。
知识拓展spread ut 张开；伸开；铺开；扩大(张)；展开；伸长spread ver 遍布；覆盖spread t 传到；波及；蔓延到
辨析：spread与expand
The fire sn spread t the nearby buildings.火势不久就波及了相邻的建筑。Water expands when it freezes.水结冰时会膨胀。
即学即用语法填空Papermaking began in China and frm here it ________ t Nrth Africa and Eurpe.答案：spread spread“传播；展开”。句意为：造纸起源于中国，并且从这里传播到北非和欧洲。
1.nt at all这个短语有两个含义，要根据上下文来确定：(1)一点也不，等于nt in the least，这时nt和at all可以隔开，nt放在助动词后，而at all放在句末。I dn't knw him at all.我根本就不认识他。—Are yu hungry? 你饿了吗？—Nt at all. 一点也不饿。
(2)用于回答thank yu时，yu're welcme和that's all right意思相同，意为“不用谢，别客气”。—Thank yu fr yur treatment! 谢谢你的款待！—Nt at all. 不客气。
知识拓展(1)at all用在肯定句中起强调作用，带有一些感情色彩，相当于n earth，有时可以不翻译，也可以译作“到底；竟然”。①What have yu dne at all?你到底做了些什么？②I'm surprised at his passing the examinatin at all.我奇怪他竟然通过了考试。(2)nt at all＝nt in the least＝nt a bit 一点也不；nt a little＝very 非常
即学即用语法填空—D yu mind if I recrd yur lecture?—________. G ahead.答案：Nt at all 考查交际用语。句意：——我录下你的讲座你介意吗？——一点也不(介意)，你录吧。nt at all符合句意。
2．in the distance 在远处(但可以看到或听到)We saw light in the distance.我们看到远处有灯光。
知识拓展(1)at/frm a distance 在远处/从不太近的地方The detective fllwed him at a distance.侦探远远的跟着他。(2)keep ne's distance frm sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离(3)distance n. 距离distant adj. 远方的distantly adv. 淡然地
即学即用介词填空Yu can't see the picture clearly ________ the distance. But yu'll find it beautiful when yu see it ________ a distance.答案：in；at
3．think f 考虑；思考①We are thinking f ging t France.我们考虑到法国去。②I think f it as impssible.我认为这是不可能的。③What d yu think f it?你认为这件事怎么样？
知识拓展think better f sb. 对某人有更高的评价think highly f 看重；器重think well f 认为……好think little f 看轻；看不起think prly f 不放在眼里；轻视think nthing f 轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什么了不起
即学即用完成句子I'm thinking________where t spend my hliday.答案：abut
4．n guard 警觉；站岗n＋名词构成的词组，此处n表示处于某种状态或某个方位。n bard乘(船，飞机)，n call听候召唤，n duty值班，n fire着火，n ft步行，n hliday 度假，n leave 休假，n sale 待售，n shre 在岸上，n time 准时，n the mve 在进行中，n the ther hand 另一方面，n the spt 当场，n the tip f ne's tngue 快要说出口，n tp f 在……的顶部，n watch 值班
即学即用单句改错We are n a guard until we feel safe.________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉a
5．in respect 尊敬地He tk ff his hat and bwed t the queen in respect.他摘下帽子向王后尊敬地鞠了一躬。
知识拓展(1)“in＋抽象名词”结构表示某种状态或方式，经常在句子中作状语。如：in surprise/silence/astnishment/excitement/anger 吃惊/默默/大吃一惊/兴奋/生气地(2)have/shw respect fr 对……表示尊敬send/give ne's respect t... 向……致候give ne's respects t... 代某人向……问好Give my respects t yur wife.请代我向你太太问好。
链接：respectable adj. 相当好的；值得尊敬的；高尚的；体面的respective adj. 分别的；各自的respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬的respecting prep. 关于
即学即用语法填空The tw friends said gdbye and went t their________(respect) hmes.答案：respective 句意：这两个好朋友道别后就回了各自的家。
6．hld up(1)承受住；支撑住She's hlding up well under the pressure.她承受住了压力。(2)举起；抬起The by held up his right hand t ask a questin.男孩举起右手想问一个问题。(3)延迟；阻碍An accident is hlding up traffic.一场事故造成了交通阻塞。
知识拓展hld back 保留；抑制；自制hld ff 延迟；推迟；克服hld ut 维持；坚持hld the line 别挂断电话take/catch/get hld f sb./sth. 抓住；拿着hld n 抓住……不放；依附；继续做某事；坚持；稍等(尤指不挂断电话以等待想找的人)
即学即用完成句子(1)你能举起这块石头维持几分钟吗？Can yu ________ ________ the stne fr sme minutes?语法填空(2)I missed seeing my brther ff at the airprt because my car was held ________ in a traffic jam.(3)Frank knew that if he did he culd never hld ________ his head again.
答案：(1)hld up(2)up 句意：我没有去飞机场给我的哥哥送行，因为我遇到了交通堵塞。hld up阻碍，使停顿。(3)up hld up举起，抬起；符合句意。
7．give away暴露(自己的情况)；赠送；分发①Peple give away much mre by their gestures than by their wrds.人们用姿势比用语言更能暴露自己的情况。②He gave away all his frtune t the pr.他把自己所有的财产都送给了穷人。③They argued back and frth until finally Jack gave in.他们反复争论，直到最后杰克让步为止。
④He plans t stay there until his mney gives ut.他计划在那里待到钱花完为止。⑤It is a pity t give up the jb.要放弃这份工作，真是遗憾。
知识拓展give in 屈服；让步give back 归还；报复give up 放弃；停止；献出give ff 发出give ut 散发；颁发；宣布；用完
即学即用(1)不要把国家机密泄露给敌人。Dn't ________ ________ any state secrets t the enemy.用适当的介词或副词填空。(2)They're giving ________ free glasses at the supermarket.(3)Tm always gave ________ t his big brther.(4)Please give my pen ________. I need it nw.
(5)The apples give ________ a very sweet smell.(6)Please help me give ________ these test papers.(7)He gave ________ teaching nly tw years ag.答案：(1)give away (2)away (3)in (4)back (5)ff (6)ut (7)up
1.Perhaps mre than I think.也许比我想得要多。mre than的意义非常多，在许多情况下，它都失去了比较级的含义。
知识拓展(1)表数量：多于There are mre than 60,000 students in ur schl.我们学校有6万多名学生。(2)不仅仅；远甚于；不只是Hibernatin is mre than sleep. It is a deep sleep.冬眠不仅仅是睡眠，它是一种深度睡眠。
(3)mre than＝nt nly r very 不仅仅；不只；非常Hearing the news, he was mre than a little angry.听了这个消息他非常生气。(4)与其说……不如……；肯定前者，否定后者。Lu Bu was mre brave than wise.吕布有勇无谋。
辨析：n mre than/nt mre than(1)n mre than：①(表数量)仅仅；只有；强调“少”。I have n mre than 50 yuan in my pcket, s I can't lend any mney t yu.我口袋里仅仅有50元钱，所以我不能借钱给你。②仅仅；只是Mst f my classmates in cllege are still n mre than small ptates nw, while ur mnitr is mre than a famus prfessr, but he is als a yung scientist f great achievements.我的大多数大学同学现在仍然只是个小人物，而我们的班长现在不仅是个著名教授，而且是个颇有成就的年轻科学家了。
③n＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than，表示对比较双方都否定，常译为：并不比……更……；和……一样不……。My English is n better than his, s I can't help him.我的英语并不比他好，所以我不能帮助他。(2)nt mre than：①(表数量)不超过；最多(客观地说明数量，不强调“少”)。The by wh is fnd f playing chess isn't mre than 20 years ld.那个喜爱下棋的男孩最多20岁。②nt＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than，表示对比较双方程度的比较，不含否定意义，常译为：……不如……。
即学即用语法填空(1)It tk mre________ building supplies t cnstruct these energysaving huses. It tk brains, t.答案：than 考查短语。根据后句“也需要脑力。”可知要建设节能房屋不仅仅(mre than)需要建筑材料。
(2)He is ________ a friend t me. He is in a way my English teacher.答案：mre than 句意：他不仅是我的朋友，他在某种程度上是我的英语老师。mre than＋名词“不仅仅是，不只是”。(3)—Oh, hw fat he is!—Ha, he is ________ shrt than fat.答案：mre 句意：——哦，他那么胖啊！——哈，他与其说是胖不如说是矮。考查mre... than...“与其……不如……”。
2.When in Rme, D as the Rmans D.入乡随俗。(1)as＝in the way that，作“像；按照”解，引导方式状语从句。Remember, yu must d everything as I d.记住，你们必须按我所做的去做。(2)When in Rme＝When yu are in Rme
知识拓展在有些时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果谓语包含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致或主语是it，常可省略从句的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是系动词be)。这些省略的时间、条件、让步状语从句常由when, while, nce, befre, till/until, whenever, if, unless, thugh引导。①She is shy and desn't speak until(she is)spken t.她很腼腆，你若不跟她说话她是不会开口的。
②Cme and give me a hand if(it is)pssible.可能的话请来帮我个忙。③Yu can read it nce again mre slwly, using a dictinary when necessary.你可以慢一点再读一遍，必要时可以查查字典。④Thugh(he was)tired, he went n practising it.虽然很疲劳，可他仍继续练习。
即学即用语法填空Every evening after dinner, if nt ________(tire) frm wrk, I will spend sme time walking my dg.答案：tired 本题考查动词的过去分词用法。此处tired是过去分词，相当于if I am nt tired frm wrk；句意为：若非工作劳累，每天晚饭后，我都会花时间去遛狗。
3．Althugh these are very imprtant, we cmmunicate with mre than just spken and written wrds.虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流。该句型是althugh引导的让步状语从句。①Thugh/Althugh the by came back t life, yet he remained weak.虽然那男孩已苏醒过来，但是他的身体还是很虚弱。
②Thugh/Althugh I liked the appearance f the huse, what really made me decide t buy it was the beautiful view thrugh the windw.虽然我喜欢这座房子的外貌，但是真正促使我买下它的是从窗户往外可以看到美丽的景色。注意：thugh/althugh不能与but同时使用，但是可以与yet，still这些词使用。Thugh they may nt succeed, yet they will still try.尽管他们可能不会成功，但是他们仍会努力尝试。
知识拓展(1)thugh除作连词外，还可作副词，一般放在句末，前面用逗号隔开。I've a bit f headache. It's nthing serius, thugh.我有点头痛，不过并不厉害。(2)thugh还可与even连用，也可换成even if。I'll g t see yu this evening even thugh I can stay nly a few minutes.今晚我一定去看你，即使我只能呆一会儿。
辨析：althugh, thugh与as三者都可以引导让步状语从句，但有如下区别：(1)althugh置于句首，不用倒装语序。(2)thugh引导的从句可置于句首，也可在句末。(3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装语序。Child as he is, he knws a lt.尽管他是个孩子，他却懂得很多。
即学即用语法填空(1)We had t wait half an hur________we had already bked a table.答案：althugh 句意为“尽管我们已经预定了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时”。althugh“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(2)________ the plice thught he was the mst likely ne, since they had n exact prf abut it, they culd nt arrest him.答案：Althugh 本题考查连词的用法。Althugh在此引导让步性状语从句，与后文主句部分构成转折关系。句意为：虽然警察认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是并没有直接证据，因而不能拘捕他。
4．Indeed, bdy psitins are part f what we call“bdy language”．事实上，身体姿势就是我们称为“身势语”的一部分。what在这里是代词，有双重作用，既引导宾语从句又在宾语从句中作call的宾语，与bdy language一起构成复合宾语。
知识拓展what用作连接代词，此时，what表示“所……的(事)或所……的(人)”，相当于“the thing(s)that...; all that...; everything that...; the persn that...”等，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句(不可引导同位语从句)；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Leave it with me and I'll see what I can d.把它留给我，我看看该怎么办。(what引导宾语从句，并作d的宾语)
What he said at the meeting astnished everybdy present.他在会上说的话使在座的每个人都很吃惊。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语)What is the mst imprtant in life isn't mney.生活中最重要的不是钱。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)He is nt what he used t be.他已不是从前的他了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
辨析：what与thatwhat作代词相当于all that, everything that, the place that, the persn等，不能引导定语从句。that引导定语从句。①He did all(that)he culd t help his mther.他尽可能地帮他母亲。②All(that)we need is a lt f time.我们所需要的是充足的时间。
即学即用语法填空(1)As a new graduate，he desn't knw________it takes t start a business here.答案：what 句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道创业需要什么。it take sth. t d sth.花费……干某事。本题考查宾语从句，且从句中缺少take的宾语，故用what。
(2)I want t be liked and lved fr________I am inside.答案：what 句意：我想叫人们因为我的内在本质而喜欢我爱我。此题考查宾语从句的用法。what 此处表示“……的内容/事情”，相当于“the thing that”。(3)________sme peple regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many thers.答案：What 句意：一些人认为是缺陷的东西在另一些人眼里却是长处。此题考查主语从句的用法。what 此处表示“……的东西/事物”，相当于“the thing(s) that”，引导主语从句，在主语从句中作regard 的宾语。
(4)We shuld respect fd and think abut the peple wh dn't have __________we have here and treat fd nicely.答案：what 考查名词性从句。第一个have是及物动词，需加宾语；第二个have也缺少宾语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时也在从句中作宾语，what相当于anything that。
5．S every culture has develped a frmal way t greet strangers, t shw them we are nt aggressive.所以每一种文化都有了一种正规的方式来迎接陌生人，向他们表明我们并没有敌意。(1)句中t greet strangers是动词不定式作定语，修饰way。(2)way n．方式；手法；方法；可用于way t d sth.或way f ding sth.结构中。另外，way作先行词时，定语从句的关系词有三种形式，即that, in which或省略关系代词。①This is the best way t slve the prblem.这是解决问题的最佳途径。②I dn't like the way(that/in which)he behaves.我不喜欢他的行为举止。
即学即用Can yu tell me the way yu think f________(wrk ut) the prblem?答案：t wrk ut 考查the way t d sth.在定语从句中的应用。yu think f 作定语从句修饰the way, t wrk ut the prblem为不定式作定语修饰the way。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．He can ________(交流) with freigners in English.2．If yu are ________(不知不觉的) f smething，yu dn't knw that it is happening.3．He received a ________(恐吓的) letter yesterday.4．Yu shuld get away frm the ________(挑衅的) bys.5．They ften hld ________(非正式的) parties at the weekend.6．The big fire ________(蔓延) very quickly because the wind was strng.
7．Many ________(年轻人) tk part in the activity held by the gvernment.8．He was nly ________(稍微) injured in the accident.9．Fashin ________(变化) frm cuntry t cuntry.10．He was ________(卷入，涉及) in great truble because f careless driving.答案：1.cmmunicate 2.uncnscius 3.threatening 4.aggressive 5.infrmal 6.spread 7.yuths 8.slightly9．varies 10.invlved
Ⅱ.用合适的介词或副词填空1．If yu trust smene, yu believe them and rely ________ them.2．What shuld yu d when yu see a friend ________ the distance?3．Bdy psitins are part ________ what we call “bdy language”．4．Even tday, peple still use their hands ________ a gesture ________ trust.5．Peple are usually mre frmal ________ the peple they dn't knw.答案：1.n 2.in 3.f 4.as; f 5.with
Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词1．Dn't mentin that at the beginning f the stry, r it may ________ ________(泄露) the shcking ending.2．Entering the rm, they ________ ________(握手)with each ther and then sat dwn.3．The plan fr the new bk is n ice at the mment. I've ________ ________ ________(忙于)t many ther things.4．The citizens were warned t be ________ ________(警戒) against a sudden night attack.
5．The car cmpany has ________ ________ ________(交易)with a Russian firm, which will supply engines in exchange fr brakes.6．They jin their hands and bw their heads ________ ________(恭敬地)．7．Please ________ ________ ________(问好) yur mther fr me.8．She's ________ ________(支撑) well under the pressure.9．I dn't knw hw t ________ ________(处理)these imprtant things.
10．The meeting ________ ________(开完), all f us went hme.答案：1.give away 2.shk hands 3.been busy with 4.n guard 5.made a deal 6.in respect 7.say hell t 8.hlding up 9.deal with 10.being ver
Ⅳ.语法填空1．—I think being ________ f ne's shrtcmings helps ne t make mre prgress.—I can't agree mre.答案：cnscius 句意为：——我认为意识到一个人的缺点有助于一个人取得更多进步。——我非常同意。be cnscius f是固定短语，意为“意识到”。
2．Scial custms ________ greatly frm ne cuntry t ________.答案：vary; anther 句意为：社会习俗从一个国家到另一个国家情况有很大不同。vary意为“变化”时，是不及物动词，frm ne cuntry t anther相当于frm cuntry t cuntry，意为“从一个国家到另一个国家”。3．She tried t stay calm n the stage，but her trembling vice gave________ her nervusness.答案：away 句意为：在舞台上她努力保持镇静，但是她颤抖的声音暴露了她的紧张。give away意为“暴露”。
4．—What ________(surprise) news! I never thught he wuld succeed.—But he did pass the exam.答案：surprising 句意为：——多让人吃惊的消息呀！我从没想到他会成功。——但他的确通过了考试。从句意可知surprising正确。5．—Srry，I have t hang________ nw. It's time fr wrk.—OK，I'll call back later.答案：up 句意为：——抱歉，我现在必须挂电话了，到上班时间了。——好，以后我再打过来。hang up意为“挂断电话”。
6．All the children ________(invlve) in the schl play and they are very happy.答案：are invlved 句意为：校本剧涉及到所有的孩于，他们都很高兴。be invlved in是固定词组， 意为“被卷入，涉及到”。7．He tightly ________(shake) the famus pp star by the ________(hand)．答案：shk; hand 句意为：他紧紧地握住那位著名歌手的手。shake sb.by the hand意为“和某人握手”，其中shake的过去式为shk。
8．—I will lend my MP4 t yu if yu help me d the wrk.—OK，it's a ________.答案：deal 句意为：——如果你帮我做这项工作，我就把我的MP4借给你。——好，成交。it's a deal意为“成交”，表示同意做。9．—What was the truble with Jack the day befre yesterday?—When he practiced running n the playgrund, his strength gave________ and he fell nt the grund.答案：ut 答语意为：当他在操场上练习跑步时，力气耗尽，摔倒在操场上。give ut意为“(体力)耗尽”符合题意。
10．When it became clear, she ________ the wet clthes n the grass t dry them in the sun.答案：spread 句意为：当天放晴的时候，她把湿衣服伸展在草地上晒干。spread意为“伸开，展开”。
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