作业15 -Unit 4 Adversity and Courage- 2021年高二英语暑假作业（人教版2019）

作业10 Unit 5 Poems - 2021年高二英语暑假作业

 I. 基础知识过关。

一、根据中英文提示填写单词。

1．The art world gave me a chance to e_____________ myself without words.(表达)

【答案】express

【详解】考查动词。句意：艺术界给了我一个不用语言表达自己的机会。根据汉语提示可知，express表达，动词，符合题意；a chance to do sth.做某事的一个机会，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作定语。故填express。

2．There is no b_____________(开花) this year on the apple trees.

【答案】blossom

【详解】考查名词。句意：今年苹果树不开花。there be 句型中，be动词后的名词作主语，做主语应用名词，根据汉语提示和首字母提示，应填“开花”blossom，是不可数名词，故填blossom。

3．This is a puzzling question which is completely beyond her c_____________.(理解力)

【答案】comprehension

【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一个令人费解的问题，她完全无法理解。形容词性物主代词her后需接名词，根据汉语提示可知，comprehension理解力，不可数名词，符合题意。故填comprehension。

4．I am impressed with the d_______(精致地) made stone tools in the museum.

【答案】delicately

【详解】考查副词。句意：博物馆里那些制作精美的石器给我留下了深刻的印象。根据汉语提示“精致地”和首字母d可知，此处应用副词delicately作状语，修饰非谓语动词made。故填delicately。

5．I don’t have s_________(同情) for Jack-it is all his fault.

【答案】sympathy

【详解】考查名词。句意：我不同情杰克——都是他的错。动词have后需接名词作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，sympathy同情，名词，符合题意；have sympathy for sb.同情某人，固定搭配。故填sympathy。

6．The evidence can prove his i_________.(无辜)

【答案】innocence

【详解】考查名词。句意：证据可以证明他的无辜。形容词性物主代词his后需接名词，根据汉语提示可知，innocence无辜，不可数名词，符合题意。故填innocence。

7．Russian newspapers are largely s________(支持的) to the president.

【答案】sympathetic

【详解】考查形容词。句意：俄罗斯报纸在很大程度上支持总统。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“支持的”，可知应填形容词sympathetic，作表语。故填sympathetic。

8．Children lose their i________ as they grow older.(天真)

【答案】innocence

【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们随着年龄的增长而失去纯真。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“天真”，可知应填名词innocence，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填innocence。

9．These r________（押韵的） words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.

【答案】rhyming

【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些押韵的词听起来很好听，使这首诗读起来很悦耳。表示“押韵的”为形容词rhyming，在句中作定语，修饰名词words。故填rhyming。

10．When I close my eyes, I can see different i________（意象）from the poem.

【答案】images

【详解】考查名词的数。句意：当我闭上眼睛的时候，我可以看到来自诗中的不同意象。表示“意象”为可数名词image，根据空前的different可知，要用复数。故填images。

11．P________ shoes regularly to protect the leather.（擦鞋）

【答案】Polish

【详解】考查动词。句意：经常擦鞋以保护皮革。表示“擦”用动词polish，句子为祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填Polish。www.zxxk.com

12．Her unhappy childhood has p________(产生偏见) her against having children.

【答案】prejudiced

【详解】考查动词。句意：她不幸的童年使她对要孩子产生了偏见。表示“产生偏见”为动词prejudice，句子用完成时，所以此处为过去分词形式。故填prejudiced。

13．The d________(最终期限) for scholarship application is this Friday, so your time is tight.

【答案】deadline

【详解】考查名词。句意：申请奖学金的截止日期是这周五，所以你的时间很紧。定冠词the后接名词形式。根据句中谓语动词is可知，用名词的单数形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填deadline。

14．My son got first prize in a reading c________. (比赛)

【答案】contest

【详解】考查名词。句意：我儿子在阅读比赛中得了第一名。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“比赛”，可知应填名词contest，作宾语，上文冠词a提示应用单数。故填contest。

15．The scientist wants to use the purified water to irrigate _____________(贫瘠的) desert land.

【答案】barren

【详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家想用这些纯净水来灌溉贫瘠的沙漠。根据汉语提示可知，barren，贫瘠的，形容词作定语修饰名词短语desert land。故填barren。

16．___________(在任何地方)I go, I always meet interesting people.

【答案】Wherever

【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我走到哪里，我总是能遇到有趣的人。表示“在任何地方”可用连词wherever。故填Wherever。

17．The problem is that they have so much p____________(偏见) against our motherland.

【答案】prejudice

【详解】考查名词。句意：问题是他们对我们的祖国有太多的偏见。在及物动词have后应用名词作宾语。表示“偏见”可用名词prejudice，是不可数名词。故填prejudice。

18．The government has set out to solve the c________ problem.

【答案】complicated

【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府已经着手解决这一复杂的问题。结合句意和单词首字母可知，空处为表示“复杂的”的形容词complicated，修饰名词problem。故填complicated。

二、单句语法填空。

19．He is the man ________ has offered some useful advice.

【答案】who/that

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是那个提出了一些有用建议的人。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是 the man，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that，引导定语从句。故填who/that。

20．It is the most interesting book________ he has ever read.

【答案】that

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他读过的最有趣的书。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是book，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词 read的宾语，且先行词被最高级修饰，所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。

21．He is the boy of ________we are proud in our school.

【答案】whom

【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他是我们学校引以为傲的男孩。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the boy，作be proud of的宾语，其中of提到关系词前面，且先行词指人，用of whom引导定语从句。故填whom。

22．The building _________ doors are white is an office building.

【答案】whose

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：门是白色的那座建筑是一座办公楼。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the building，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”。故填whose。

23．Anyone _______ has helped to save the old man is worth praising.

【答案】who

【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：任何帮助救过那位老人的人都值得表扬。分析句子可知，句子为定语从句，Anyone为先行词，作定语从句主语，且表示人，用who引导。故填who。

24．She is the only one of the children who_______(be) good at music here.

【答案】is

【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：她是这些孩子中唯一擅长音乐的。分析句子可知，本句为who引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“the only one”，为单数，且句子为一般现在时，对应的从句谓语也要用单数。故填is。

25．The first place_________ she visited in China was the History Museum.

【答案】that

【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：她在中国参观的第一个地方是历史博物馆。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词place在句子中作visited的宾语，且先行词用序数词first修饰，关系词用that。故填that。

26．The reason ________ she changed her mind is quite clear.

【答案】why

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她改变主意的原因很清楚。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以空处需用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。

27．Strengthening our emotional_________(endure) is vital for a happy life.

【答案】endurance

【详解】考查名词。句意：增强我们的情感承受力对幸福生活至关重要。 emotional“情感的”，形容词作定语，所以空处需用名词，作Strengthening的宾语，endure的名词为endurance“忍耐力，承受力”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填endurance。

28．As a _________(qualify) new employee，he was highly thought of in the company.

【答案】qualified

【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名合格的新员工，他在公司里很受好评。分析句子可知，空处缺少定语，修饰employee，此处表示“合格的”，用qualify的形容词形式qualified。故填qualified。

29．I’m afraid that I can’t finish the work _________(assign) to me within three days.

【答案】assigned

【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我担心我不能在三天内完成分配给我的工作。分析句子可知，空处放在work后面作其后置定语，表示“被分配的工作”，assign与work构成动宾关系，此处用assign的过去分词。故填assigned。

30．The little boy burst into tears when he found his favorite toy________(crush)．

【答案】crushed

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当那个小男孩发现他心爱的玩具被压坏了时，他突然哭了起来。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，toy与crush构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故填crushed。

31．The old man was so kind that he adopted the child _________(abandon) by his parents.

【答案】abandoned

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位老人心地善良，收养了被他父母遗弃的孩子。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词 adopted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 child，根据空后“by his parents”可知，此处表示被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词abandoned作后置定语。故填abandoned。

32．To be honest,I’m not sure whether the results have any practical _________(apply).

【答案】application

【详解】考查名词。句意：老实说，我不确定这个结果是否有任何实际应用。分析句子可知，空处作动词have的宾语，apply“应用”为动词，要用不可数名词application作宾语。故填application。

33．__________(fortunate)，the two boys were saved by the local villagers.

【答案】Fortunately

【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，两个男孩被当地村民救了下来。空处需用副词作状语修饰空后整个句子，根据空后句意“两个男孩被当地村民救了下来。”可知，fortunately“幸运地”，副词作状语，符合题意，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。

34．Our monitor is________(sympathy) and he often helps the poor classmates.

【答案】sympathetic

【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的班长富有同情心，他经常帮助贫困的同学。空处需用形容词作表语，根据后半句句意“他经常帮助贫困的同学。”可知，sympathy的形容词sympathetic“有同情心的”，符合题意。故填sympathetic。

35．After the accident, she left the city with a _________(sorrow) heart.

【答案】sorrowful

【详解】考查形容词。句意：事故发生后，她带着悲伤的心情离开了这个城市。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词heart，sorrow的形容词为sorrowful“悲伤的”。故填sorrowful。

36．Having read the text many times，he found it really hard_________(recite)．

【答案】to recite

【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这篇课文他读了很多遍，发现很难背诵。分析句子结构可知，find it + adj+ to do sth.发现做某事是……，固定句型，符合题意，此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式，所以空处需用动词不定式to recite作宾语。故填to recite。

37．The leader will pay a visit to a team_________(make) up of over 200 people.

【答案】made

【详解】考查过去分词。句意：领导要参观一个200多人组成的小组。分析句子可知，空处缺少team的修饰语，此处表示“由200多人组成的小组”，make up与team构成动宾关系，此处用过去分词made构成made up作team的后置定语。故填made。

38．They turned to one another with the same expression of_________ (comprehend) and relief.

【答案】comprehension

【详解】考查名词。句意：他们互相看了看，脸上都带着理解和宽慰的表情。根据空后“and relief”可知，空处需名词作介词of的宾语，comprehend的名词为comprehension“理解”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填comprehension。

三、选用适当得单词或短语补全句子

1）短语填空

39．He has always ________the enchanted landscape of the West.

40．When he spoke of his experiences aboard,he sighed  ________.

41．As Orwell  ________, history can be and often is rewritten to suit the needs of the present.

42．The banquet was full of a friendly atmosphere  ________.

43．Turkey is a bi-continental country that is located  ________civilizations.

44．I fully agreed to the arrangement and took it  ________.

【分析】

39．【答案】been in love with

【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：他一直深爱着西方迷人的风景。根据句意表示“深爱着”可知短语为be in love with，结合上文He has always可知为现在完成时。故填been in love with。

40．【答案】with emotion

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：当他说起他在国外的经历时，他感慨地叹了口气。此处在句中作状语，根据句意表示“感慨地”可知短语为with emotion。故填with emotion。

41．【答案】pointed out

【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：正如奥威尔所指出的，历史可以而且经常被改写，以适应当前的需要。根据句意表示“指出”可知短语为point out，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填pointed out。

42．【答案】from beginning to end

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：宴会始终洋溢着友好的气氛。此处在句中作状语，根据句意表示“始终”可知短语为from beginning to end。故填from beginning to end。

43．【答案】in the heart of

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：土耳其是一个位于文明中心的双洲国家。be located in位于……，根据句意表示“在……中心”可知短语为in the heart of。故填in the heart of。

44．【答案】with delight

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我完全同意这一安排，并欣然接受。此处在句中作状语，根据句意表示“欣然”可知短语为with delight。故填with delight。

2）短语填空

45．The government _________ men and women elected by the people of the country.

46．_________ Susan’s English, yours is better, so you should be confident about yourself.

47．People like his writing because it is elegant, ordered, finished, and _________.

48．This sentence doesn’t _________.

49．Dinners usually _________ meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee.

50．Tang poems have been translated into foreign languages and they _________ foreign readers.

51．My sister loves the song _________, because my mother used to sing it to her.

52．Matter can _________ consciousness and consciousness into matter.

【分析】

45．【答案】is made up of

【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：政府由全国人民选出的男女组成。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据句意“由……组成”可知，句中应用固定短语“be made up of”，句子主语“government”为可数名词单数形式，故be用is。故填is made up of。

46．【答案】Compared with

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：与苏珊的英语相比，你的英语更好，所以你应该对自己有信心。根据句意“与……相比”可知，句中应用固定短语“compared with”，放在句首，为过去分词短语作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared with。

47．【答案】to the point

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：人们喜欢他的作品，因为它文雅、有条理、完整和切题。根据句意“切题”可知，句中应用固定短语“to the point”，句中指文学作品在内容上切题。故填to the point。

48．【答案】make sense

【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：这句话讲不通。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据句意“讲不通”可知，句中应用固定短语“make sense”，根据句中“doesn’t”可知，空格处应用make的原形。故填make sense。

49．【答案】consist of

【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：晚餐通常包括带有蔬菜的肉或鱼，然后是甜点、水果和咖啡。根据句意和句中“usually”可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据句意“包括”可知，句中应用固定短语“consist of”，句子主语“Dinners”为可数名词复数形式，故consist用原形。故填consist of。

50．【答案】are popular with

【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：唐诗已被译成外文，受到外国读者的欢迎。分析句子可知，句子是由and连接的并列句，and后句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据句意“受到……的欢迎”可知，句中应用固定短语“be popular with”，句子主语为“they”，故be动词应用are。故填are popular with。

51．【答案】in particular

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我姐姐特别喜欢这首歌，因为我妈妈以前常给她唱。根据句意“特别”可知，句中应用固定短语“in particular”，在句中作状语，表示“姐姐特别喜欢这首歌”。故填in particular。

52．【答案】be transformed into

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：物质可以转变为意识，意识可以转变为物质。根据句意“转变为”可知，句中应用固定短语“be transformed into”，句中“can”为情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be transformed into。

II. 能力提升--阅读选择

    Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and a representative of the High Tang culture, combination of realistic Northern culture represented by Confucian philosophy and romantic Southern culture represented by Taoist philosophy. But he could neither realize his Confucian ideal to serve the country nor find spiritual freedom in Taoism, so he could only chant poetry and drink wine to drown his sorrow as described by Du Fu in Eight Immortal Drinkers. Here we see the tragedy of a genuine staying lonely on earth like an angel fallen from Heaven. His poetry is marked by male greatness in the Waterfall in Mount Lu Viewed from Afar, in which we see the mountain cloud from down below and the Silver River, Chinese name for the Milky Way, fall from on high, and heaven and earth seem to merge into one, that is the Chinese way of communion with nature. In his poetry, we can find his love of nature, of freedom, of the people, of his friends, in short, of truth, good and beauty.

Li Bai is best known for the extraordinary imagination and striking Taoist imagery in his poetry, as well as for his great love for liquor. Like Du Fu,  he spent much of his life travelling, although in his case it was because his wealth allowed him to, rather than because his poverty forced him. He is said to have drowned in the Yangtze River, having fallen from his boat while drunkenly trying to embrace the reflection of the moon.

53．What is this passage mainly about?

A．The introduction to a famous poet in Tang Dynasty — Li Bai.

B．The differences between romantic and realistic culture.

C．The extraordinary characteristics of Li Bai’s poems.

D．The travelling experiences while Li Bai made poems.

54．According to the passage the statements are about Li Bai EXCEPT ________.

A．he is a representative of the combination of realistic and romantic culture

B．he could not put his ability to good use in serving his country at that time

C．he had a depressed mental state and only drunk wine and chanted poetry

D．he made the poems in which complaints and dissatisfaction could be shown

55．In his poetry Li Bai mainly described ________.

A．beautiful nature and feelings B．criticism of social realism

C．relationship between different classes D．cruelty of the officialdom

56．From the poem the Waterfall in Mount Lu Viewed from Afar we can see that ________.

A．the Silver River ran down from the high mountain B．Li Bai loved the beauty of nature badly

C．Li Bai’s poems were written down by a man D．the cloud was like waterfall from high heaven

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了唐朝诗人李白的情况、诗歌特点以及个人喜好和死亡。

53．【答案】A

【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and a representative of the High Tang culture, combination of realistic Northern culture represented by Confucian philosophy and romantic Southern culture represented by Taoist philosophy.(李白被认为是唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人，是以儒家哲学为代表的现实主义北方文化和以道家哲学为代表的浪漫主义南方文化相结合的盛唐文化的代表)”以及第二段中“Li Bai is best known for the extraordinary imagination and striking Taoist imagery in his poetry, as well as for his great love for liquor.(李白以其诗歌中非凡的想象力和引人注目的道教意象，以及对酒的热爱而闻名)”可知，第一段主要讲了李白的思想倾向和他所写诗的特点，第二段讲了李白的个人喜好和他的死亡。故本文主要介绍了唐代大诗人李白的大体情况。故选A。

54．【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and a representative of the High Tang culture, combination of realistic Northern culture represented by Confucian philosophy and romantic Southern culture represented by Taoist philosophy. But he could neither realize his Confucian ideal to serve the country nor find spiritual freedom in Taoism, so he could only chant poetry and drink wine to drown his sorrow as described by Du Fu in Eight Immortal Drinkers. (李白被认为是唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人，是以儒家哲学为代表的现实主义北方文化和以道家哲学为代表的浪漫主义南方文化相结合的盛唐文化的代表。但他既不能实现儒家报国的理想，也不能在道教中找到精神上的自由，只能像杜甫《八仙饮者》中所描述的那样，吟诗饮酒以消愁)”以及“In his poetry, we can find his love of nature, of freedom, of the people, of his friends, in short, of truth, good and beauty.(在他的诗歌中，我们可以发现他对自然、对自由、对人民、对朋友的爱，简而言之，对真善美的爱)”可知，李白是现实主义与浪漫主义文化相结合的代表人物、当时他不能很好地利用自己的才能为国家服务、他精神抑郁，只喝酒，吟诗。故D选项“他创作了一些可以表达抱怨和不满的诗歌”不是描述李白的。故选D。

55．【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In his poetry, we can find his love of nature, of freedom, of the people, of his friends, in short, of truth, good and beauty.(在他的诗歌中，我们可以发现他对自然、对自由、对人民、对朋友的爱，简而言之，对真善美的爱)”可知，李白的诗主要是对大自然的描述和热爱。故选A。

56．【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“His poetry is marked by male greatness in the Waterfall in Mount Lu Viewed from Afar, in which we see the mountain cloud from down below and the Silver River, Chinese name for the Milky Way, fall from on high, and heaven and earth seem to merge into one, that is the Chinese way of communion with nature.(他的诗歌以男性的伟大为标志，在《望庐山瀑布》中，我们看到山云从下而上，银河（中国对银河的称呼）从高处落下，天地仿佛合二为一，这就是中国人与自然的交流方式)”可知，李白的《望庐山瀑布》一诗描述了李白对大自然的热爱，故选B。