2020_2021学年高中英语寒假作业Unit6B卷含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

寒假作业Unit 6 B卷

Improve your reading, writing and math skills

    Through the Literacy and Basic Skills program, you will learn reading, writing, math and other basic skills (e.g. computer) to help you prepare for:

    • employment

    • college studies

    • independence

    • school credit

    These courses are free and available in English or French. There are courses designed for local people and deaf people as well.

Requirements

    To take these courses you have to:

    • be an Ontario resident

    • be 16 years old or older

    • have reading, writing and math skills below the grade 12 level

Learn in a classroom

    You can take these free classroom courses at more than 300 locations across the province.

    Find out more by contacting Employment Ontario.

Learn online

    You can learn online as one way of the Literacy and Basic Skills program.

    Four different organizations in Ontario offer free online courses tailored to you. Find out more about learning online:

    • in English

    • in French

    • as a local person

    • as a deaf person

1.What will the program fail to help you prepare for?
A.Employment. B.College studies. C.Entrance exam. D.Independence.
2.How many ways to take the courses are mentioned in the passage?
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
3.In which part of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Entertainment. B.Education. C.Health. D.Science.

    The sound that woke Damian Languell at 8:15 am was so loud that he assumed it came from inside his house. As he got up to investigate, he heard another sound, this one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window, he spied a tree engulfed(淹没) in smoke about 500 yards away. A car was wrapped around the tree’s base, its engine on fire.

    Grabbing buckets of water, Languell and his girlfriend ran to the crash site. The wreck looked worse up close. The car, a 1998 Buick, was split nearly in two, and the tree was where the driver’s seat ought to have been, as if planted there. No one should have survived this crash, and yet there was 16-year-old Quintin Thompson, his terrified face pressed against the driver’s side window, in visible pain. Languell tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water with no success. When the flames got into the front seats, he realized he had to get the boy out of there.

    In an act that a police report described as showing “complete disregard for his own safety”, Languell opened the Buick’s back door and crawled in. Thompson was struggling to get free, Languell says. “That’s when I noticed how bad his legs were.” Using a pocketknife he’d had the foresight to bring with him, he sawed through Thompson’s seat belt.

    Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him out a back window of the vehicle, then dragged the teen to safety before the entire car was engulfed in flames.

Although Thompson suffered multiple fractures (骨折) to his legs, spine, and face, a social media post described him as “looking great, smiling, and joking.” Languell thinks about that day often. “My heart goes out to Thompson. When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so directly.”

1.When Damian heard the big sound, _______　　 

A.he called 911 immediately

B.he stayed inside his house

C.he woke up his girlfriend

D.he got up to see what happened

2.When Damian rushed to the crash site, _______. 

A.the police had arrived

B.the whole car was completely in flames

C.Thompson was terrified and painful

D.Thompson was smiling and joking

3.We can describe Thompson as _______. 

A.brave B.lucky C.simple-minded D.warm-hearted

4.What played the most important role in Thompson’s survival?

A.His own bravery and persistence.

B.The several buckets of water.

C.The timely arrival of the police.

D.The pocketknife Damian carried with him.

    Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.   

    However, it wasn't all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.   

    In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to speak each other's language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘Dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.   

    What's interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other's presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.   

The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets─to people who don't get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.

1. The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.

A.early   B.sweetly  C.quickly   D.smoothly

2.Some cats and dogs may fight when _____.

A.they are cold to each other  

B.they look away from each other

C.they misunderstand each other's signals  

D.they are introduced at an early age

3.What is found surprising about cats and dogs?

A.They eat and sleep each other.

B.They observe each other's behaviors.

C.They learn to speak each other's language.

D.They know something from each other's voices.

4.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _____.

A.have common interests  

B.are less different than were thought

C.have a common body language  

D.are less intelligent than were expected

    Building a five-star hotel in the middle of a valuable wilderness (荒野) without damaging (破坏) the environment might not be easy, but it is far from impossible. The King Pacific Lodge in British Columbia’s Great Bear Rainforest shows that if enough care and attention is taken, the task is possible.

    Unlike many other hotel building plans, no trees were cut down and no land was wasted to build it. The Lodge does not have the same location(位置) but sits on a floating boat pulled into the sea bay in May, till September. Those wishing to stay in one of its seventeen rooms must access it by boat or seaplane. Each guest staying at the Lodge is charged 3% tax (税) on the protection of the natural resources, but is given the chance to see whales and bears. And since these are the main attractions of the area and of the Lodge, the management knows well that in order to stay in business they must make the area untouched.

    In 2000, the Lodge management signed an agreement with the native (本土的) Gitga’at people. Together they work for the benefit of the area. The Lodge knows that the native tribe (部落) is the owners of the land, so it pays the tribe for the use of their land and even supports the native youth and employs the tribe’s people. They, in turn, teach the newcomers about the local culture.

The King Pacific Lodge is one of a growing number of tourism companies that manage to minimize their environmental damage to win the approval (批准) of the local government where they set up their business. These companies pay more attention to environmental protection and are careful to use natural resources and protect endangered animals. Realizing how destructive tourism can be, they want to avoid the love-it-to-death effect of tourism.

1.From the passage, we know that the King Pacific Lodge _____. 

A.follows other hotels' building plans

B.is less popular among tourists

C.is far away from an important wilderness

D.has been created after careful consideration

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.The King Pacific Lodge is in an area without any trees.

B.The King Pacific Lodge can be moved from place to place.

C.Guests in the King Pacific Lodge can take part in programs about the protection of nature.

D.Guests in the King Pacific Lodge have to pay extra money for the boat to get there.

3.According to Paragraph 3,we learn that some of the native people _____. 

A.want to learn the newcomers' culture

B.are not willing to sell their land

C.are employed by local government to work for the Lodge

D.may have the chance to work at the Lodge

4.According to the passage, the tourist industry _____. 

A.will always do harm to the environment

B.cares little about the importance of environmentally friendly tourism

C.can do less damage to the environment

D.always has a disagreement with the local government

    With 17 million residents and 23 million bicycles, the Netherlands already has more bikes than people. ​① _____.

    The Dutch government recently announced that it will invest $ 390 million in cycling infrastructure to get 200,000 more people commuting (通勤) by bike in three years' time. Fifteen routes will be developed into “cyclist freeways”, 25,000 bike parking spaces will be created and more than 60 bike storage facilities will be upgraded.

    “  ②_____ ,” says Stientje van Veldhoven, state secretary for that department, who is spearheading the project.

    It's not that people aren't already cycling in the Netherlands. In 2016, over a quarter of all trips made by Dutch residents were by bike. But only 25% of those trips were work-related, compared to 37% which were made for leisure.  ③_____.

    According to van Veldhoven, more than 50% of people in the Netherlands live less than 15 kilometers from work, and more than half of commuters' car trips are under 7.5 kilometers long—a distance that “can easily be covered by bike,” she says.

    ④_____. The Netherlands currently rewards commuting cyclists with tax credits of $0.22 per kilometer. Companies and employees would agree on the distance of a person's cycling route.

    However, this is currently a little-known benefit not supported by many employers, according to the infrastructure ministry. That's something the government is hoping to change by better promoting the scheme and getting more companies on board.  ⑤_____. The government is urging employers to provide better facilities for commuting cyclists, such as showers at the office, according to the ministry.

A.The rest were for school, shopping, or other activities

B.To get people to ditch their cars, money is being laid on the table

C.Now,it wants to get even more cyclists on the roads—and will pay people to do it

D.Today the Netherlands is known for its cycling culture, but that hasn't always been the case

E.My ambition is to ensure that people can easily get to work or school, or visit family and friends

F.The Netherlands is now one of the few countries that takes cycling seriously as a mode of transportation

G.There are already 11 major employers in the Netherlands committing to measures such as financing employees' bikes

    World Environment Day is celebrated worldwide on June fifth. The United Nations    1    this special day in 1972 to get people to think about taking care of the    2   .

    Public events for World Environment Day    3    from June first through June fifth. Every year World Environment Day is celebrated in a different    4   . In 2005 it was held in San Francisco, California. The main    5    of World Environment Day that year was "Green Cities, Plan for the Planet". The events and conferences showed us how to have "Green Cities".

    Most people in the world live in cities, which makes them especially important areas of environmental     6   . Cities use more than seventy-five percentage of the world's natural    7    such as water and gasoline. World Environment Day will    8    on how people in cities can work together to help save the planet.

    San Francisco held public talks to discuss pollution    9   , clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens. Special experts were among the    10   . For example, former vice-president A1 Gore talked about climate changes. There were also    11    events such as music concerts, movies, and art shows. Local fanners and restaurant owners served food that had been    12    grown, "green" of course.

    Gavin Newsom    13    city leaders from all over the world to attend this conference and    14    ideas. The United Nations hopes to create an international ​   15    that countries and citizens will follow.

1.A. arranged B. constructed C. conducted D. established

2.A. planet B. organization C. society D. system

3.A. take apart B. hold up C. take place D. put on

4.A. city B. date C. way D. direction

5.A. content B. message C. moral D. method

6.A. reference B. concern C. development D. argument

7.A. products B. power C. resources D. materials

8.A. rely B. live C. depend D. center

9.A. disappearance B. appearance C. reduction D. increase

10.A. speakers B. debaters C. competitors D. candidates

11.A. free B. extra C. fun D. funny

12.A. naturally B. privately C. frequently D. preciously

13.A. recommended B. commanded C. suggested D. invited

14.A. suggest B. share C. contribute D. supply

15.A. agreement B. contract C. file D. comment

   It took years ① _____ (complete) the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The construction workers ② _____ (overcome) the most difficult engineering challenges, among which was how to protect the delicate ecosystem. To allow the wild animals to move safely and freely in their ③_____ (nature) habitat, they built thirty-three passages under the railway. To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres ④_____ (build) between Golmud and Lhasa. They even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to ⑤ _____ new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem. ⑥_____ (locate) at over 5,000 metres above sea level, Tanggula Station is the highest railway station in the world. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the ⑦_____ (great) challenge for the railway workers. To make sure they stayed healthy, several oxygen-making stations were constructed. They could also enjoy regular breaks in lower areas. To protect Cuona Lake ⑧_____ construction waste, the railway workers used thousands ⑨_____ thousands of sandbags to build a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake. In a word, the railway workers built our "impossible" railway in the world with the care the environment deserves. It ⑩_____ (true) is an extraordinary "Sky Railway".

假定你是校学生会主席,为了解决城市空气污染问题,你代表学生会向全校师生发出倡议。请根据以下要点,用英语写一份倡议书:

    1. 简述城市空气污染的危害。

    2. 提出解决该问题的建议: (1)尽量少开车; (2)不随地扔垃圾; (3)关闭一些工厂; (4)其他措施(如多种树或草)。

    3. 发出号召。

注意:

    1. 词数80左右;

    2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

    3. 开头与结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数。

Dear teachers and students,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    Thank you!

Students' Union

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

    Jenny was a pretty eight-year-old girl.

    One day when she and her mother were checking out at the grocery store, Jenny saw a plastic pearl necklace, by which she was totally defeated. How eagerly she wanted it! But when she saw the price, her heart sank a little. She gathered up her courage and asked her mother if she would buy it for her. Her mother said, “Well, it is a pretty necklace, but it costs an awful lot of money. I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.” Jenny agreed immediately, feeling a burst of joy. So her mother bought the pearl necklace for her. Jenny worked on her housework determinedly and earnestly every day. Soon Jenny paid off the pearls.

    Jenny had a very loving daddy. When Jenny went to bed, he would read Jenny her favourite story. One night when he finished the story, he said, “Jenny, do you love me?” “Oh, yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl said delightedly, with a broad smile on her face. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” Hearing that, Jenny froze there, an anxious expression twisting her face. “Oh! Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Rosy, my favourite doll. Remember her? You gave her to me last year for my birthday. Okay?” “Oh no, darling, that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss, gently and calmly. “Good night, little one.”

    A week later, her father once again asked Jenny after her story, “Do you love me?” “Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you,” the little girl murmured softly, trying to escape from her father’s eyes. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” “Oh, Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Ribbons, my toy horse. Do you remember her? She is my favourite.” The little girl begged. “No, that’s okay,” her father said, smiling broadly and sweetly and brushed her cheek again with a kiss. “God bless you, little one. Sweet dreams.”

Paragraph 1:

Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed. ____________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

    Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box.___________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析

答案：1-3.CAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章首段可知,学习该课程,对于你在就业、大学学习、独立和学校信贷等方面有所帮助。而该课程无法帮助你准备的是entrance exam(入学考试),故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章Learn in a classroom和Learn online可知,有两种参加课程的方式。
3.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了可以提高你的阅读、写作和数学等技能的课程,从而可以推断出,这篇文章可能出现在报纸中的教育板块。

答案：1-4 DCBD

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段内容的描述可知Damian被一声巨响惊醒,然后起床去窗边查看情况,故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“his terrified face pressed against the driver’s side window, in visible pain.”可知Damian赶到现场时,被困在车内的Thompson非常害怕、痛苦明显,故选C项。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“No one should have survived this crash, and yet there was 16-year-old Quintin Thompson...”以及最后一段中的“looking great, smiling, and joking”可知车祸如此惨烈,Thompson却得以保住性命,可以说很幸运,故选B项。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知Thompson被困车中,双腿受伤严重,幸亏Damian带了一把袖珍折刀,割断了安全带,将他拉了出来,随后车子就被大火吞没了,由此可以推断这把刀子起到了很重要的作用,故选D项。

答案：1-4 DCCB

解析：1.由第一段最后一句Two-­thirds of...cat and dog，得知画线词意为“没有障碍”。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.可知，猫和狗之间的打斗很大一部分的原因是它们误解了对方的肢体信号。 故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段前两句In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to speak each other's language.可知，令人惊讶的事情是猫和狗会学会使用对方的语言。故选C。

4.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句They can learn how to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.可知，这两种动物能够学会如何理解对方身体语言，说明这两种动物要比我们之前认为的有更多的相同之处，也就是与我们之前对猫狗的认识不同。故选B。

答案：1-4 DBDC

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段可知King Pacific旅馆是经过深思熟虑才成立的。故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知King Pacific旅馆可以从一个地方移动到另一个地方。故选B项。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段可知一些当地人可能有机会在小屋工作。故选D项。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段可知旅游业可以减少对环境的破坏。故选C项。

答案：①-⑤ CEABG

解析：①根据本空前的“the Netherlands already has more bikes than people.”可知，荷兰的自行车数量已经超过了人口数量，再结合第二段中的“The Dutch government recently announced that it will invest $390 million in cycling infrastructure to get 200,000 more people commuting(通勤)by bike in three years' time.”可知，荷兰政府加大投资，在三年内使骑自行车上下班的人增加20多万，此处是说荷兰鼓励更多的人骑自行车上班，故C项(现在它想让更多的人在路上骑自行车并为此付费)符合语境。

②根据本空后的“says Stientje van Veldhoven, state secretary for that department, who is spearheading the project.”可知，说话者是该项目负责人，此处是陈述她的目的，故E项(我的目标是确保大家可以很容易地上班或上学或拜访家人和朋友)符合语境。

③根据本空前的“But only 25% of those trips were work­-related，compared to 37% which were made for leisure.”可知，这些骑行中只有25%与工作有关，而休闲占了37%，此处承接上文，说的是用于其他活动所占的比例，故A项(其余的用于上学、购物或其他活动)符合语境。

④根据本空后的“The Netherlands currently rewards commuting cyclists with tax credits of $0.22 per kilometer.”可知，荷兰以每公里0.22美元的税收抵免来奖励通勤骑车者，这是从财政上鼓励人们骑自行车的优惠政策，故B项(为了让人们放弃他们的汽车，钱被放在桌面上)符合语境。

⑤根据本空前的“That's something the government is hoping to change by better promoting the scheme and getting more companies on board.”可知，政府希望通过更好地推广这一计划，让更多的公司参与进来，改变这一现状，此处承接上文，讲的是公司参与这一计划的情况，故G项(荷兰已有11家主要雇主承诺采取措施，比如为员工提供自行车费用)符合语境。

答案：1-5 DACAB 6-10 BCDCA 11-15 CADBA

解析：1.联合国在1972年设立（establish）这个特殊的日子。arrange安排；construct建造；conduct管理。

2.节日设置的目的是让人们考虑保护我们的星球（planet）。organization组织；society社会；system系统。

3.世界环境日的公众活动从6月1日到6月5日举行（take place）。take apart拆开；hold up举起；阻挡；put on穿上。

4.根据后文可知每年世界环境日在不同的城市（city）举办。date日期；way方式；direction方向。

5.那一年世界环境日的主题是"营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园"。content目录；message消息，main message"主题；主要信息"；moral道德；method方法。

6.根据上文especially important可知城市成为特别重要的环境关注（concern）领域。reference参考；development发展；argument争吵。

7.根据下文water and gasoline可知是指自然资源（resource）。product产品；power力量；material材料。

8.世界环境日将以城市居民如何共同努力拯救地球为中心（center）。rely依靠；live居住；depend取决于。

9.环境保护的目的是污染的减少（reduction）。disappearance消失；appearance外观；increase增加。

10.根据下文former vice-president Al Gore talked about climate changes可知发言者（speaker）中有一些专家。debater争论者；competitor竞争对手；candidate候选人。

11.根据下文music concerts，movies，and art shows可知是娱乐（fun）项目。free自由的；extra额外的；funny有趣的。

12.当地农民和餐馆老板提供的食物是自然（naturally）生长的，当然是"绿色"的。privately私密地；frequently频繁地；preciously昂贵地。

13.Gavin Newsom邀请（invite）了来自世界各地的城市领导人参加这次会议。recommend推荐；command命令；suggest建议。

14.根据下文ideas可知是分享（share）彼此的观点。suggest建议；contribute贡献；supply供给。

15.联合国希望建立一项国际协议（agreement），各国和公民将遵守该协议。contract合同；file文件；comment评价。

答案：①to complete ②overcame ③natural ④were built ⑤a ⑥Located ⑦greatest ⑧from ⑨and ⑩truly

解析：①考查非谓语动词。It takes some time to do sth.花费时间做某事。

②考查动词的时态。此处叙述过去的动作，因此用一般过去时。

③考查形容词。此处作定语，修饰名词habitat，故应用形容词形式。

④考查动词的时态和语态。此处叙述过去的动作，且bridges与build之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

⑤考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且new的读音是以辅音音素开头的，因此用不定冠词a。

⑥考查非谓语动词。Tanggula Station与locate之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语。

⑦考查最高级。此处指对于铁路工人来说最大的挑战，因此用最高级形式。

⑧考查介词。protect sb./sth from...保护某人/某物免受……

⑨考查连词。thousands and thousands of 成千上万的。

⑩考查副词。此处作状语，因此用副词形式。

答案：

Dear teachers and students,

    These days one major environmental problem in our city is air pollution. Every day we have to take in very dirty air, which does great harm to our health. To make the air in the city fresher, we should keep the following in mind.

    Firstly, we should take a bus or ride a bicycle instead of driving a car and try to use cleaner fuels. Secondly, we should not throw litter here and there but put it into the dustbin. Thirdly, some factories should be closed or moved out of the city. Finally, we need plant more trees or grass to make the air fresh.

    Let's take action and try our best to make the air in the city cleaner!

    Thank you!

Students' Union

答案：

Paragraph 1:

Several days later, when Jenny's father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed. When listening to the story, Jenny was totally absent-minded, with her hands holding the necklace tightly and firmly. When the story came to an end, unexpectedly, Jenny offered her beloved necklace to her father, with her fingers trembling automatically. No one knew what the necklace meant to her. She whispered to her father, softly and gently, “Daddy, you know I love you more than the necklace.” Then, the necklace slid into her father's hands determinedly.

Paragraph 2:

Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. Much to Jenny's amazement, a beautiful real pearl necklace lay peacefully in the box, which set her heart racing. Jenny froze there, a thrilled expression twisting her face. Before Jenny was able to say something, her father brushed a warm kiss on her face and gathered her into his arms. Holding the genuine necklace in her hand, Jenny lifted her lip, tears beginning to blur her vision.