北师大版高中英语必修第一册课时分层作业6unit 2 sports and fitness含答案
展开课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Pilates，yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy.There is，however，a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive，but has all the benefits—walking.
Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains，“What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level.Plus，it is good for your heart，your head and your wallet.”
A recent report details the health benefits of walking.The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week，recommended by the UK's chief medical officer，could save 37，000 lives each year.Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running.They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a sixyear period and found that walking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%，while running reduced it by 4.5%.And there is even more good news: 30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily，according to research by Oregon State University.The study by the university showed that walking helped participants sleep better and feel more alert during the day.The sooner you get started，the sooner you'll notice the differences in your mind and body.So，go out for your 30minute walk in a nearby park or green space.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式——步行。
1．The underlined word “humble” in the first paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．plain B．relaxing
C．popular D．active
A [词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，有一种不太引人注目的简单运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。由此可推知，画线词和“plain”意义相近。故A项正确。]
2．What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking?
A．It's loved by people of all ages.
B．It's much healthier than running.
C．It's a moneysaving physical exercise.
D．It's becoming more and more popular.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What I love about walking...your head and your wallet.”可知，步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故C项正确。]
3．What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find?
A．Walking helps people with sleep problems.
B．Walking contributes to curing heart disease.
C．Walking 150 minutes per week can save lives.
D．Walking is better than running in some cases.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“...found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running”以及下文将步行和跑步从几个方面进行的对比来看，前者优于后者。故D项正确。]
4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text?
A．Comment. B．Lifestyle.
C．Education. D．Science.
B [推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式——步行。由此可推知，可从报纸上介绍生活方式的版块读到该文章。故B项正确。]
B
Many people believe eating healthily is expensive—and more costly than buying junk foods.But our new research, published in the BMC Public Health, shows this isn't the truth.
Most of the Australian family food budget (预算) is being spent on junk foods and drinks that are high in fat, sugar and salt.
Less than 7% of Australians eat healthily.The Australian adults get at least 35% of their energy from junk foods and drinks.As a result, twothirds of adults (63%) and one quarter of children are overweight.
We used the Australian Health Survey 2011－2013 and the suggestions of the Australian Dietary Guidelines to model healthy diets for a family of two adults and two children every two weeks.We collected food prices in supermarkets and stores in high and low socioeconomic (社会经济地位低的) areas in Brisbane, and compared the diet prices with family incomes.
In both areas, a family of two adults and two children spends about 18% more on present diets than would be required to buy healthy diets.About 58% of the food budget for present diets is spent on junk foods, including takeaway foods (14%), and sugary drinks (4%)．
In the low socioeconomic area, a family of two adults and two children spends $640.20 every two weeks on their present diets, but could buy a healthy diet for $560.93 every two weeks.In the high socioeconomic area, these numbers are $661.92 and $580.01.
Supermarket food prices were about 3% higher in the high socioeconomic location.Takeaway foods were also relatively more expensive, but sugary drinks were priced similarly in both areas.
Present diets cost more than healthy diets, so causes other than price must be helping to drive preferences for unhealthy choices.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。一项研究表明：健康饮食比垃圾食品的花费要更加便宜。
5．What did the researchers find?
A．Australians have a preference for sweet foods.
B．Most Australian kids have fat problems.
C．Half Australians live on junk foods.
D．Most Australians eat unhealthily.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Less than 7% of Australians eat healthily.”可知，大多数澳洲人饮食不健康。]
6．How did the researchers get the result?
A．By making a comparison.
B．By doing the study online.
C．By carrying out interviews.
D．By asking personal questions.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We collected food prices
...compared the diet prices with family incomes.”可知，研究者们通过使用来自Australian Health Survey的调查数据，然后搜集各超市的食品价格，最后再和家庭收入进行对比，得出研究结论。]
7．What can we learn from Paragraph 5?
A．Australian foods are healthier.
B．A healthy diet is actually cheaper.
C．Health foods are becoming more expensive.
D．People choose junk foods for their low prices.
B [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“a family of two adults and two children spends about 18% more on present diets than would be required to buy healthy diets”可知，研究结果表明，垃圾食品的花费已经超过健康食品，健康食品其实更便宜。]
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many Chinese students have studied English for approximately ten years，but most of them cannot even speak English correctly or fluently. In my opinion, there are several obstacles that have caused this to happen. The main obstacle is fear! Another is the habit of mentally translating from Chinese to English and then to change these thoughts into spoken words and sentences. Many of these difficulties are caused by the way Chinese people study and learn the language.
We must learn to speak as a child does. When we are learning a second language we need to remember how we learned our native language. Learning to understand and speak a language is one of the first skills a child develops. How does a child learn the language？He listens for a time and then he tries to repeat the words. Parents give great praise for the smallest effort and slightest improvement. Therefore, the child develops courage and is excited about learning. It takes a long time before he knows anything about grammar, spelling or formal sentence structures.
As for language teachers, they should avoid criticism and be very encouraging and generous with praise. Criticism or pointing out faults too often causes students to lose selfconfidence and develop a fear of speaking. The best way to motivate a student is using praise.
The most important aspect of speaking is having good selfesteem. Selfesteem is how you feel about yourself. When most Chinese people are asked how their English is, or they are told their English is very good, they immediately respond by saying, “Oh my English is very poor.” If you say this to yourself often enough, you will believe it. When someone compliments(称赞)you, just say “thank you”．
【参考范文】
Caused by their fear and way of learning, many Chinese students cannot speak English fluently even after tenyears' learning.(要点1)Actually we should learn to speak English as a child learns his native language by listening and repeating a lot.(要点2)And teachers should praise and encourage rather than criticize students, just as parents do.(要点3)Finally, having good selfesteem is of vital importance in speaking English.(要点4)
