高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品课件ppt

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品课件ppt，文件包含Unit4Period3DiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高一英语人教版新教材必修第一册共34张PPTpptx、Unit4Period3Discoveringusefulstructures同步练习解析版doc、Unit4Period3Discoveringusefulstructures同步练习原卷版doc等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

Discvering Useful Structures
关系代词引导的限定性定语从句
唐山大地震是我的祖奶奶不能忘记的一次可怕经历
The Tangshan earthquake was a teerible experience that my great-grandma cnnt frget.
The cuple wh live next t us vlunteered t help after the vlcan erupted.住在我们隔壁的夫妇在火山爆发后主动来帮忙。
vlcan n. 火山；复数形式：vlcanes 或者vlcansThe vlcan erupted last year killing abut 600 peple.去年那座火山喷发导致大约六百人丧生。vlcanic adj. cming frm r caused by vlcanes 火山的erupt v. 喷发，（骚乱，某种情绪）爆发现在分词erupting，过去分词erupted， 三单eruptseruptin n. 喷发，爆发Ash began t erupt frm the crater. 火山灰开始从火山口喷发。 the vlcanic eruptin ...在火山喷发后
以上两个陈述 (statement) 都含有限定性定语从句：restrictive relative clauses
A relative clause is a subrdinate clause which specifies r gives infrmatin abut a persn r thing. 对名词或代词进行修饰限定的从属简单句Relative clauses cme after a nun r prnun and, 在名词或代词后（先行词）in English, ften begin with a relative prnun such as "wh," "which," "whse," "whm," "that." "when,""where,""why"从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
A restrictive clause limits r prvides essential infrmatin abut the nun r nun phrase it mdifies. 限定性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整
Fr a balln t flat, it must be filled with a gas that is lighter than the air arund it.气球要漂浮，必须充满比周围空气轻的气体。
定语从句构成要素 elements
要素elements , , 都是必要的：要素 指明被修饰的是哪个人或物要素 是定语从句的关系词，在定语从句中担任句子成分，主语，宾语或状语要素 判断关系代词还是关系副词的判断依据（这一点尤为重要）
whm 在定语从句中作宾语（在谓语动词或介词后） 先行词为人，不是物
wh 在定语从句中作主语（在谓语动词前） 先行词为人，不是物
whse 引导的定语从句先行词既可以是人，也可以是物，限定两个名词之间的所属关系
判断关系代词的步骤steps：Step 1:：确定现行词表述的是”人“ 还是”物“Step 2：找到谓语动词（这一步很重要）Step 3：谓语动词前为主语，谓语动词或介词后为宾语
这是一本吸引了很多人的书。(interest)
句子主干：这是一本书。This is a bk.
限定成分：吸引了很多人的
Step 1：被限定的名词，即先行词为：a bk，指代物指代物的关系词为which/that
Step 2：谓语动词为 interest谓语动词后的宾语：many pepleinterest/interests many peple
Step 3：谓语动词前缺失主语成分，先行词=关系词，a bk，指代物，作主语，关系代词为which/that，三单主语，动词为三单which/that interests many peple关系代词既作主语又作引导词
This is a bk which/that interests many peple.
先行词+定语从句：The wman wh lives next dr 住在隔壁的那个女人
住在隔壁的那个女人自称是来自火星。
句子主干：那个女人自称是来自火星：The wman claims t be frm the Mars.
限定成分：住在隔壁的 live next dr ，对“那个女人”进行限定，先行词为“人”
谓语动词live 前缺失主语成分，故关系词在从句中作主语，指代人，wh。
The wman wh lives next dr claims t cme frm the Mars.
先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语时，只能用that， 不能用which的情况
（1）不定代词 anything, nthing, everything, all, much, few, any, little为先行词时；Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stlen t the plice. 最终，小偷把偷得的所有东西全部交给了警察。（2）先行词为 the nly, the very, the just或被这些词修饰时；He is the very man that helped the girl ut f the water. 他就是从水中救起了那个女孩的那个人。（3）先行词被序数词、数词、形容词或最高级修饰时；The first English bk that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain. 我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。
（4）先行词既有人又有物时；He talked abut the teachers and schl that he visited. 他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。（5）当主句是以wh或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；Wh is the persn that is standing at the gate? 那个站在门口的人是谁？（6）关系代词在从句中作表语时；He is nt the man that he used t be. 他以前不是这样的人。
Which 和that同为关系代词，都可指物，并且有时会觉得用that 也可以，用which 也没错。但在哪些情况下是只能用which的呢？
在非限定性定语从句中，无论如何也不能用thatThese bks, which yu can get at any crner f the twn will give yu all the infrmatin.这本书你可以在镇里的各个角落得到，它会给你所有的信息。
关系代词前面出现介词时Thse days in which yu culd travel withut a passprt has gne.那些你不用带护照可以旅行的日子一去不复返了。（此处which不可替换为that）That`s the mtel at which we stayed several years ag.那是我们许多年以前停留的汽车旅馆。（此处which不可替换为that）
当先行词本身为指示代词 that时what abut that which had appeared in recent activities.那个怎么样，在最近的活动中出现过. (结合具体语境看that所指代的是什么)
多用wh，不用that的情况先行词为anyne，ne，nes时；Is he the ne wh wants t see yu? 他是那个想见你的人吗？先行词为thse，he和peple时；Gd help thse wh help themselves. 上帝只救自救者。
他就是我昨天见到的那个人。He is the man _______________________.
威尔伯是一只出生在春天的春猪。Wilbur was a spring pig __________________________.
她餐桌上的每周至少供应三次的意大利面条，是一种神秘的红色、白色和棕色混合物。(ffer)Spaghetti at her table ____________________________________, was a mysterius red, white, and brwn mixture.
which was ffered at least three times a week
whm/ that I saw yesterday
wh/that was brn in springtime
他是那个总是赢得数学竞赛的男生吗？Is he the by ______________________________?
wh always wins math cmpetitins
判断关系代词whsewhse不能独立使用，whse+名词whse可以替换成f which
请递给我封面是绿色的那本书。解析：句子主干为Please pass me the bk. 限定成分为：封面是绿色的先行词the bk与封面cver之间可以构成所属关系：the bk's cver定语从句：whse cveris green最终成句： Please pass me the bk whse cver is green.
我认识一个人，他的儿子在牛津大学读书。（这个人的儿子）I knw a man ________________________. 这是一个我不明白其意义的决定。（这个决定的意义）It was a decisin _______________________________. 我想去拜访我的朋友Susan，我曾经照看过她的孩子们。（Susan的孩子们）I went t see my friend Susan _____________________________.
whse sn studies at Oxfrd
whse significance I did nt understand
whse children I used t lk after
请将两个简单句合并成含有定语从句的复合句
1. This is a huse. Jack built this huse.2. Hunter is the by. Mnique gave a gift t him.3. She is a bank teller. She helped us pen an accunt.4. Mr. Li is an architect. His designs fr the new twn have wn praise.5. The supplies were prvided t the disaster area. They where cllected frm arund the cuntry.6. She is feeding the baby. The baby survived the earthquake.
This is a huse which was built by Jack.
Hunter is the by t whm Mnique gave a gift.
She is a bank teller wh helped us pen an accunt.
Mr. Li is an architect whse designs fr the new twn have wn praise.
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry.
She is feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake.
Cmplete each sentence with that, which, wh, whse, whm,r"/". Then translate the sentences int Chinese.
1. Here are sme f the peple__________hmes were destryed.2. The tremble shaking f the building wke up all the peple___________were aslep. 3. The next day, peple put up shelters in the pen air using anything_________they culd find.4. Several days later, mst f the buildings____________had been damaged by the huricane were repaired.
这里的一些人，他们的房子被摧毁了。
建筑物的晃动唤醒了沉睡中的人们。
第二天，人们在户外搭建庇护所，用他们能找到的任何东西。
几天后，在飓风中被损坏的建筑物得以修复。
5. The injured by________ mther was lst in the disaster was taken t the hspital. 6. The wman wrte a thank-yu leter t the sldier by _______ she was rescued.7. Is this the yung by _______ saved several ther students trapped under buildings?
这个受伤的男孩被送完医院，他的妈妈在这场灾难中失踪了。
这位女子写了一封感谢信给救了她的战士。
这是那个救了好几位受困的学生的男孩吗？
Fill in the blanks with that, which, wh, whse, r whm.
1. A disaster is a very bad accident r a sudden event ___________usually causes great damage and can ruin many peples lives. 2. The wman wanted t find and thank the firefghter___________rescued her frm the fire.3. A typhn is an extremely strng wind __________ ften happens in the Western Pacifc Ocean.
which/that
灾难是一种非常严重的事故或突发事件，通常会造成巨大的损害，并可能摧毁许多人的生活。
这个女人想找到并且感谢把她从大火中救出的消防员。
台风是发生在西太平洋的一股极强的风。
4. The children _______ parents culd nt be fund were lked after by neighburs and friends.5 A tsunami is a very large wave ___________ is ften caused by an earthquake under the Sea.6. Peple t________much is given are peple f ________ much will be expected.
父母找不到了的孩子们被邻居和朋友们照看着。
海啸一种通常由海底地震引起的，非常大的海浪。
被给与很多的人通常是被期待很多的人。
Use a restrictive relative clause t cmbine each pair f sentences. EXAMPLEThe baby was crying. The baby was rescued frm the building. (wh)The baby wh was rescued frm the building was crying OR The baby wh was crying was rescued frm the building.
1. The CCTV reprter is interviewing a wman. The wman‘s family survived the earthquake. (whse)2. The sldier will remember the rescue wrker. The sldier wrked with the rescue wrker during the quake. (with whm)3 The huse was heavily damaged in the earthquake. The huse will be rebuilt by the gvernment. (which/that)
The CCTV reprter is interviewing a wman whse family survived the earthquake.
The sldier will remember the rescue wrker with whm he wrked during the quake.
The huse which/that was heavily damaged in the earthquake will be rebuilt by the gvernment.
4. The rescue wrkers had t walk slwly thrugh the bricks. The bricks cvered the grund. (that/which)5. My family will always be thankful fr the peple. We received aid frm the peple. (frm whm)6. The peple lst everything in the quake. We need t help them prepare fr the cming winter. (wh)
The rescue wrkers had t walk slwly thrugh the bricks which/that cvered the grund.
My family will always be thankful fr the peple frm whm we received aid.
We need t help the peple wh llst everything in the quake prepare fr the cming winter.
Cmplete the passage with that,which, wh, whse, r prep＋whm.
Fr peple_________lve the sun, sum is a time f fun. But fr peple ________ families were destryed by the super typhn_______ hit East China in July 2016, that summer was a time f great sadness. The flds and landslides caused by the typhn killed 161 peple, left 61 missing, and frced the evacuatin f hundreds f thusands fpeple. The victims_________the typhn brugt death r great lss were in several prvinces alng the Yangtze River. In the mnths _______ have passed since then, much has been dne t make things better and help the thusands f peple__________ hmes were destryed, althugh the sadness will never leave thse_________summer nw marks the death f a lved ne.
Trnades are strng winds which cnsist f tall clumns f air spinning arund very fast and causing a lt f damage. It is nt easy t knw where they will g, s it can be difficult t warn peple wh can be affected. In rder t learn mre abut hw trnades frm and mve, sme brave researchers wh study trnades d what mst f us wuld nt. They chase strms in rder t cllect mre detailed infrmatin first hand. Of curse, the researchers have special equipment which can be used t bserve and study trnades, but they need t get clse enugh t use it and still keep safe frm the danger.
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