高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science精品练习题

课时把关练

Part I  Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础知识练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. Mary p_______________（按压）her friend’s arm tightly to aid him to stop bleeding.

2. She needed to justify herself by telling where she was at the time of the s_______________（发射，射击）.

3. It’s amazing how the institution has collected so much s_______________（东西，物品）over the years.

4. Moreover，pack a map，a c_______________（指南针），and a flashlight in your bag when going camping.

5. This year，for the first time，the travel was entirely v_______________（虚拟的）because of the website.

6. Unlike traditional gyms，app-backed gyms help people to obtain f_____________（灵活的）options to exercise.

7. The foundation is c_______________（有能力的）of providing a better range of services.

8. The teacher was deeply touched by their d_______________（渴望）for knowledge.

9. The manager said that c_____________（计算）or management talents were in serious shortage in his company.

10. The b_______________（电池）are running down so we need to find assistance in time.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1. Using the technique of virtual reality，the film _______________（shoot）very well.

2. Always remain eager to learn；you never know what knowledge or _______________（capable） will push you up in your achievement.

3. Service to some remote areas may require _______________（addition）delivery days.

4. The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its _______________（replace）：temporary shopping bags.

5. In fact，this kind of _______________（flexible）is an important communication skill.

6. China’s _______________（impress） achievements in improving the living standards of its people are well recognized throughout the world.

7. Both sides consider it _____________（desire）to improve the further understanding between the two countries.

8. These days，I can’t fall asleep because the coming internal exam is putting great ____________（press） on me.

9. The four great ___________（invent）in Ancient China are gunpowder，papermaking，printing and the compass.

10. Part-time English classes are offered. In addition，students can take classes in word-processing and _______________（compute）.

Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空

1. Mr. Wang _______________ his colleagues has made great contributions to our firm.

2. He believed in“_______________”，obtaining his first job through the milk round.

3. ___________，you can contact the interviewer to see if you will be given the chance to work for the foundation.

4. The new research shows that a poor diet will ultimately _______________ several kinds of diseases.

5. _______________ the contribution everyone has made，we have made great success in our program.

6. Every student in the class _______________ passing the exam and getting certificates.

7. Peter may lose temper sometimes，but there is _______________ that he is a generous man.

8. _______________ curative effect，the new drug really works for the rare disease.

Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子

1. 更重要的是，新建的图书馆包含了对残疾人有帮助的设备。

___________________，the newly-built library contains the equipment that is helpful to those with disabilities.

2. 他说很荣幸带客人参观基金会。

He said that _____________________________  to show the guests around the foundation.

3. 如果你继续这样做，毫无疑问没有人会帮你。

If you keep on doing like this，_____________________________ that no one will aid you.

4. 她发现在这份临时工作的问题上与父母存在着分歧。

She _____________________________ her parents over the temporary job.

5. 他是怎样在这么短的时间内赚到这么多钱的？

_____________________________ he could earn so much money in such a short time?

能力提升练

Ⅴ. 课文语法填空

　　Dr Richard Fairhurst，1. ____________ new book The New Age of Invention has just been published，is being interviewed.

　　Many people might think the great age of invention is over. But he says there have been golden ages of invention throughout history. The four great 2. ____________（invention） in Ancient China—gunpowder，papermaking，printing and the compass—changed the world forever. Then there were the great Western inventions—the steam engine，the telephone and the radio. And now，we find 3. ____________（we） in the great new age of technology.

　　Dr Richard Fairhurst says most of the new great inventions are tech-based. In addition，important advances

4. ____________（make）in medicine and 5. ____________（environment）science thanks to increasing computer power. For example，new inventions like 3D printers 6. ____________（use） to make replacement hearts and bone parts. In terms of the environment，7. ____________ is now possible to create an intelligent walking house. It is capable 8. ____________ using GPS technology to travel to different places，with computing technology 9. ____________（control） its “legs”. What’s more，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly，too. He stresses that the real spirit of invention is that we have an incredible desire 10. ____________（think） and create.

Ⅵ.完形填空

　　I wanted to build rockets and airplanes. Ever since age 11，I remained 　1　 becoming an aerospace engineer. I even picked my activities and summer 　2　 in middle school based on that goal. It also helped me to 　3　 my high school，where there was a program that 　4　 in science，math and technology. It was out of my school 　5　，so I rode the bus for an hour every morning. But I knew that it was the most 　6　 school for me and my goal.

　　My school offered an aerospace-engineering course. Then，for college，I 　7　 attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT），which was especially 　8　 in aerospace enginee-ring. That exactly fit my goal. It has 　9　 so many astronauts and even has astronauts as professors.

　　Along the way，my biggest 　10　 was truly believing in myself. It’s something that we all go through at some point in our lives. And it’s a 　11　 that I fought up until I attended MIT. Even though I was 　12　，I always thought that I didn’t have the 　13　 to fulfill my dreams. I finally started to believe in myself and realized I was able to do this work. And I looked in the 　14　 and said，“I believe in you.”

　　Today，I’m a 　15　 structural engineer at Boeing and have helped design vehicles that may in time shuttle（运送）people to the moon or Mars.

1. A. addicted to B. focused on C. accustomed to D. informed of

2. A. programs B. holidays C. camps D. majors

3. A. attend B. enter C. leave D. select

4. A. assisted B. lacked C. specialized D. consisted

5. A. rule B. district C. policy D. grade

6. A. convenient B. impressive C. suitable D. traditional

7. A. merely B. unexpectedly C. regularly D. naturally

8. A. vivid B. excellent C. flexible D. complicated

9. A. found B. conquered C. launched D. graduated

10. A. goal B. obstacle C. position D. courage

11. A. disaster B. strategy C. conflict D. battle

12. A. moving B. sinking C. recovering D. progressing

13. A. abilities B. rights C. steps D. principles

14. A. conclusion B. material C. book  D. mirror

15. A. private B. punctual C. successful D. sensitive

Ⅶ.阅读理解

　　Jane Goodall is best known for her study of the chimps in the wild. There，she made several revolutionary discoveries that made her one of the greatest field scientists of the 20th century.

　　Born in London in 1934，the expectations for Jane were standard for the time：a marriage to a nice man，followed by a few children. Fortunately，her mother never discouraged her interests：animals and the natural world. Once her mother discovered that little Jane had brought a handful of worms（幼虫）to bed；rather than screaming，she explained that her new little friends needed the soil to live，and together，they took them back to the garden.

　　Jane was a bookworm who admired Doctor Dolittle and loved the Tarzan novels. Reading did its usual quiet but life-changing thing：Jane developed a dream to go to Africa and live among the wild animals.

　　Jane realized her dream on July 14，1960 when she arrived at Gombe Stream Game Reserve to study the chimps. However，for two months，the chimps escaped when they heard her coming. The only thing she saw was the back of a chimp，running away from her.

　　“The more I thought of the task I had set myself，the more discouraged I became，”Jane wrote in her first book，In the Shadow of Man.

　　Eventually，she became familiar with a male chimp and his big family. She observed them kiss，hug，pat each other on the back，shake their fingers at each other.

　　One day，moving quietly through the jungle，Jane saw the male chimp sit beside a large termite mound（白蚁丘）. He kept taking small branches from trees and putting them in the holes to fish the ants.

　　In any case，Jane’s discovery became the talk of the scientific world. Harvard’s Stephen Jay Gould observed，“We must now rethink what the words‘tool’and‘man’mean or accept chimps as humans.”

1. What did Jane’s mother do when she found the worms on the bed?

A. She studied them carefully.    B. She shouted at her daughter.

C. She threw them into the garden.    D. She explained they liked the soil.

2. Which is the major reason that made Jane dream of working in the wild?

A. Doctor Dolittle’s invitation.    B. Her interest in chimps.

C. The reading in her childhood.   D. Her mother’s encouragement.

3. How did Jane feel during the first two months in Africa?

A. Lonely.   B. Frightened.  C. Hopeless.  D. Content.

4. What did Stephen Jay Gould’s words imply?

A. Chimps should be accepted as humans.

B. Jane’s discovery is of great importance.

C. Only human beings know how to make use of tools.

D. The scientists should confirm the meaning of the words.

课时把关练

Part I  Starting out & Understanding ideas

参考答案

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. pressed/presses　2. shooting　3. stuff　4. compass  5. virtual　6. flexible　7. capable　8. desire　

9. computing　10. batteries

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. is shot　句意：利用虚拟现实技术，影片拍得非常成功。陈述事实用一般现在时；主语film和谓语动词shoot之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

2. capability　考查名词。句意：一直保持对学习的渴望，你永远不知道哪些知识或能力会推动你取得成就。分析空格所处位置可知，空格处与前面的knowledge并列，应用名词形式。

3. additional　句意：对一些偏远地区的服务可能需要额外的递送天数。修饰后面的名词delivery days，用形容词作定语。

4. replacement　考查名词。句意：该行业还瞄准了作为其替代品出现的产品：临时购物袋。its为形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词。

5. flexibility　句意：事实上，这种灵活性是一种很重要的沟通技巧。在介词of后面，用名词形式。

6. impressive　考查形容词。句意：中国在提高人民生活水平方面取得的令人瞩目的成就是举世公认的。achievements为名词复数，前面用形容词修饰。

7. desirable　句意：双方认为增进两国之间的进一步了解是可取的。谓语动词consider后面的it是形式宾语，后面用形容词作宾语补足语。

8. pressure　考查名词。句意：这些天，我睡不着觉，因为即将到来的内部考试给我带来很大的压力。本空作动词put的宾语，故应用名词pressure。

9. inventions　考查名词。句意：中国古代四大发明是火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。根据句意及空前的four great可知，本空应用名词invention的复数形式。

10. computing　考查名词。句意：开设了非全日制的英语班。另外，学生可以修读文字处理和计算机课程。在介词in后面用名词作宾语。

Ⅲ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空

1. as well as　2. never say never　3. In addition  4. lead to　5. Thanks to　6. is capable of　7. no doubt

8. In terms of

Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子

1. What is more　2. it was his pleasure  3. there is no doubt　4. found herself in conflict with

5. How was it that

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

1. whose　考查定语从句。句意：理查德·费尔赫斯特博士正在接受采访，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。本空引导定语从句，先行词是Dr Richard Fairhurst，本空在从句中修饰名词book，作定语，故应用关系代词whose。

2. inventions　考查名词复数。句意：中国古代四大发明——火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针——永远地改变了世界。根据空前的four可知，本空应用名词复数。

3. ourselves　考查代词。句意：而现在，我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。所填词在句中作宾语，且由提示词可知动作的承受者是主语本身，故本空应用反身代词ourselves。

4. have been made　考查时态及语态。句意：此外，得益于不断强化的计算机能力，医药与环境科学也取得了重要进展。根据句意可知，本空应用现在完成时，且句子主语advances和动词make之间为被动关系，故本空应用现在完成时的被动语态。

5. environmental　考查形容词。本空修饰名词science，故应用形容词environmental“环境的”。

6. have been used　考查时态及语态。句意：例如，像3D打印机这样的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏和部分骨骼。根据句意可知，本空应用现在完成时，且句子主语new inventions和动词use之间为被动关系，故本空应用现在完成时的被动语态。

7. it　考查it作形式主语。句意：在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。本句中不定式短语to create an intelligent walking house作真正的主语，故本空应用it作形式主语。

8. of　考查介词。句意：它能依靠全球卫星导航系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。be capable of意为“能够……”，故本空应用介词of。

9. controlling　考查现在分词。句中with computing technology 　　　　（control）its“legs”为with复合结构，其中宾语computing technology和动词control之间是主动关系，故本空应用现在分词作宾补。

10. to think　考查不定式。句意：他强调，真正的发明精神是我们对思考和创造有一种极度的渴望。本空修饰名词desire，故应用不定式作定语。have a desire to do sth. 意为“有做某事的欲望”。

Ⅵ. 完形填空

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小就梦想成为一名航天工程师，在求学的过程中作者学会了战胜自己，相信自己，最终梦想成真。

1. B　根据上下文“I wanted to build rockets and airplanes. Ever since age 11，I remained...becoming an aerospace engineer.”可知，作者想建造火箭和飞机，所以从11岁就开始专注于（focus on）成为一名航天工程师。addicted to沉迷于；focused on集中于，专注；accustomed to习惯于；informed of通知。

2. A　根据下文a program可知，此处指暑期课程（program），即作者在中学时期就依据自己的目标来选择学校活动和暑期课程。

3. D　根据“It also helped me to...my high school...”可知，作者进入了自己心仪的学校，所以此处指作者自己的这个目标同时也帮助自己挑选（select）相应的高中学校。

4. C　根据上下文“...where there was a program that...in science，math and technology.”可知，学校里有一个课程是专门研究（specialize）科学、数学和技术的，这非常符合作者的要求。

5. B　根据下文so I rode the bus for an hour every morning可知，作者每天坐一小时的公共汽车上学，所以说这所高中不在作者的学区（district）。

6. C　根据下文school for me and my goal可知，虽然这所学校离家较远，但是作者知道这是最适合（suitable）自己和自己目标的一所学校。

7. D　根据下文“That exactly fit my goal.”可知，作者随后很自然地（naturally）进入了麻省理工学院，因为那符合自己的目标。

8. B　根据“...which was especially...in aerospace engineering.”可知，作者选择麻省理工学院，因为那符合自己当航天工程师的目标，由此可知，麻省理工学院在航天工程专业方面特别优秀（excellent）。

9. D　根据下文so many astronauts and even has astronauts as professors可知，许多航天员都是从麻省理工学院毕业（graduate）的。

10. B　根据下文I always thought that I didn’t have the...to fulfill my dreams可知，作者没有做到真正相信自己，这是作者最大的障碍（obstacle）。

11. D　根据下文that I fought up可知，此处指斗争（battle）。

12. D　根据“Even though I was...，I always thought that I didn’t have the...to fulfill my dreams.”可知，even though表示让步，由此可知，即使作者取得了进步（progress），作者也没有做到真正相信自己能实现自己的梦想。

13. A　根据上下文“...I didn’t have the...to fulfill my dreams.”可知，此处指作者认为自己没有实现梦想的能力（ability）。

14. D　根据上下文“And I looked in the...and said，‘I believe in you.’”可知，作者最后战胜了自我，在镜子（mirror）里对着自己说：“我相信你。”

15. C　根据下文have helped design vehicles that may in time shuttle people to the moon or Mars可知，作者帮助设计了未来可能运送人类登上月球或火星的机器，由此可知，作者现在已经是一名非常成功的（successful）结构工程师了。

Ⅶ. 阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了研究野生黑猩猩的Jane Goodall的生平及成就。

1. D　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，有一次，她妈妈发现Jane带着一把幼虫上床睡觉，她没有尖叫，而是解释说，她的新的小朋友需要土壤来存活，于是她们一起把它们带回了花园。由此可知，当Jane的妈妈发现床上有幼虫时，她解释说它们喜欢土壤，故选D。

2. C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Reading did its usual quiet but life-changing thing...”可知，Jane梦想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年时期的阅读经历，故选C。

3. C　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，Jane在她的第一本书《黑猩猩在召唤》中写道：“我越想我给自己设定的任务，我就越泄气。”由此可推断出，Jane在非洲的头两个月感到很绝望，故选C。

4. B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，哈佛大学的Stephen Jay Gould说：“我们现在必须重新思考‘工具’和‘人’这两个词的含义，或者接受黑猩猩是人类。”由此推断出，Stephen Jay Gould的话暗示着Jane的发现很重要，故选B。