高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点14--推理判断之推断文章结构（技巧梳理）

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一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。 2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
考点14--推理判断之推断文章结构--讲考点--心中有数
【2023年高考命题预测】
推理判断之推断文章结构考点是新课标中明确要考的考点。在当今高考的新改革时代，考查文章结构题最能考查学生对语篇的整体把控，要求学生必须从大处着眼。预测在2023高考中，推断文章结构题有可能在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之文章结构考点指南】
规律方法：
文章结构主要的设题方式常有：
（1）Hw is the passage rganized?
（2）Which f the fllwing best shws the structure/rganizatin f the passage?
规律方法：如何解决文章结构题？
考查组织结构的文章通常行文组织结构都比较清晰、规范，因此,具备文体、写作方式和文章组织结构方面相关知识对于有效解答此类题目具有至关重要的作用。
1、记叙文可以采取以时间为序、以地点为序、以故事情节发展为序（开端、发展、高潮、结局）等叙事方式进行写作。以故事情节为序又可以不按照时间的先后顺序叙述，比如，先写结局，再写其他，最后写高潮，这种叙事手法叫做倒叙。
2、议论文总体上可以分为四类：
第一类，“提出论点——分论点一——分论点二——分论点三……——结论”；
第二类，“引入段——导出论点——分点论述——结论”；
第三类，“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”；
第四类，“提出反面观点——批驳反面观点——提出正面观点”。
3、说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比或比较等说明方式进行写作，而这些说明方式都是为了使文章要说明的内容或问题更加清晰明了、真实可信，或者更具说服力。
考例分析：
【江西省赣州市2021届高三3月摸底考试（一模）】
We all knw a picky eater (挑食者) r tw, r maybe yu're the picky eater, aviding fd adventures at all csts, because yu're cnvinced yu'll hate whatever new and bad-lking fd is put n yur plate. But why is it that sme peple are picky eaters while thers are willing t try pretty much anything that can be eaten?There's n single explanatin fr the picky eating habit. Picky eaters are typically unwilling t try new fds, which can be the result f yur DNA and the way yu are treated and educated when yu are yung. Marcia Pelchat, Ph.D．, a researcher at the Mnell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia wh specializes in fd preferences in humans, tells China Daily, “A grup in Finland lked at what we call fd nephbia, which literally means 'fear f the new', and they fund that there is sme genetic basis fr this.”
“Als, if yu have parents wh dn't really like t try anything new, yu will als be expsed t fewer new fds,” Pelchat says. The ppsite is als true: Thse wh try new fds and have psitive experiences are then mre likely t try unfamiliar fds in the future.
Peple wh are less adventurus may be mre hesitant t try new fds. Trying anything new, fd included, requires yu t step utside f yur cmfrt zne. If yu're nt very adventurus, yu may have a tugh time with this. Peple wh seek new adventures r thrills might be mre likely t experiment with fd. “There is a thrill-seeking persnality trait,” Pelchat says. “It's been shwn, especially with spicy fd, that there is sme cnnectin between trying new fds and thrill seeking,” she explains.
Mst adult picky eaters start as child picky eaters. “It's nrmal fr children t g thrugh a picky stage when they're tddlers, maybe tw r three years ld, and that makes sense evlutinarily,” Pelchat says. But as we get lder, if we cntinue t avid new fds, pickiness can persist.
35．Which f the fllwing shws the best structure f the passage? (P=Paragraph)
A．B．
C．D．
【试题精练】
【河南省南阳市六校2021-2022学年第一次联合测试】
The grcery stre might nt be yur favrite place t visit when yu're at hme, but is it ever fun when yu're in anther cuntry? Hnestly speaking, they're ne f thse strange little destinatins that I like t sniff ut everywhere I g, much as ther travelers head tward clthing stres, libraries, cffee shps r galleries.
The greatest beauty f the grcery stre –– whether it's a supermarket r a tiny shp –– is that it gives yu a glimpse int what lcal peple buy t ck their wn meals. This ffers clues int their lifestyles and preferences, and int the agricultural and cking practices f the cuntry. I stare at the strange fruits and vegetables, the seafd, the cheese, the spices, the bread, and h, the the chclate!
Being the envirnmental nerd（呆子）I am, I like paying attentin t packaging, which can reflect peple's attitudes twards envirnmental prtectin. Italy, fr example, has a habit f requiring custmers t bag their fruits and vegetables in plastic fr weighing, while Sri Lanka leaves everything lse in bins. In Brazil, everything is prepackaged in a layer f plastic.
Peple in grcery stres tend t be friendlier. They smile, say hell, and smetimes ask questins, which can lead t great cnversatins. I had a further discussin with a teenaged cashier in Sri Lanka, ver which bag f crunchy（松脆的）mix t buy. He insisted that the ne labeled “spicy” wuld be t ht fr me, but I tld him I was willing t risk it. He laughed and we ended up talking abut my favrite Sri Lankan fds fr ten minutes.
It's interesting then t cme hme and lk at ne's wn lcal grcery stre thrugh new eyes. What wuld a visitr think? What stands ut, and what d the fd displays say abut us as a culture? Yu might be surprised by what yu realize.
11．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f text? (P: paragraph)
A．B．
C．D．