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山西省吕梁市孝义市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山西省吕梁市孝义市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022~2023学年度高一年级5月月考
英语试题
考生注意:
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围: 必修第三册Units 1~ 4
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman looking for?
A. A museum. B. The Teen Eye Building. C. A police station.
2. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a shower. B. Clean her teeth.do C. Wash her face.
3. What does the woman say about living in a big city?
A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Convenient.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Having an interview. B. Chatting with a friend. C. Taking a French class.
5. When will the mango to the zoo?
A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Lie to her boss. B. Write a report. C. Put the things in order first.
7. Where does the woman find the report?
A. On the floor. B. On the bookshelf. C. On the desk.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who gave the woman the tickets?
A. Her manager. B. Her husband. C. Her brother.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. At a theater.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Joan going to do tonight?
A. Visit a friend. B. Cook a meal. C. Meet her mother.
11. Why does the man refuse to eat hamburgers?
A. They are unhealthy. B. They are not delicious. C. He wants to have a change.
12. What will the speakers have for dinner?
A. Chinese food. B. French food. C. Japanese food.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the man suggest doing?
A. Inviting a famous actor to the party.
B. Playing some good music at the party.
C. Asking everyone to dress up at the party.
14. What will the speakers discuss tomorrow?
A. The selection of clothes.
B. The types of the competitions.
C. The organization of the fun games.
15. What food will the speakers prepare?
A. Pizza. B. Bread. C. Fried chicken.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. Mother and son.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How did the speaker feel when she received the invitation?
A. Disappointed. B. Overjoyed. C. Annoyed.
18. How did the speaker get to the airport?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
19. When did the speaker’s plane takeoff?
A. At 1:40 pm. B. At 1:50 pm. C. At 2: 00 pm.
20. What did the speaker fail to see from the plane?
A. Hills. B. White clouds. C. Beautiful cities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Astronauts go to bathroom just like everybody else. However, it can be tricky in space because gravity is so weak that people and objects appear to be weightless. It means that toilets cannot flush(冲洗) the same way that they do on Earth. So we have started a competition to get ideas from around the world to develop a new space toilet that would work aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as well as on Moon.
The competition, titled “NASA’s Lunar Loo Challenge”, has a total prize of $ 35, 000 to be shared by winning teams. Anyone above 14 can apply to this challenge, and the winning design will receive a $ 20, 000 reward. The second-place design will win $10, 000, and the third-place winner will win $ 5, 000.
The competition also includes a junior category(类别) in which anyone under the age of 14 can apply with their creative space toilet ideas. Winners in this category will receive public recognition and our souvenirs.
Toilet Design Requirements
Designs should take up no more than 1.13m3 of space.
The space toilet has to be able to hold at least 1.5kg human waste.
The final requirement is that the system must be able to get rid of the waste and be cleaned in five minutes or less.
We hope this challenge will result in new ways to deal with human waste in outerspace.
1 What can a junior winner get from the competition?
A. A cash reward. B. A scholarship.
C. A trip to NASA. D. A NASA souvenir.
2. Which is a design requirement for the toilet?
A. It takes up less than 1.13m3 of space.
B. It has to be cleaned in 6 minutes.
C. It can hold at least 1.5kg human waste.
D. It must be able to dry up the waste.
3. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. An advertisement.
C. A diary entry. D. A product description.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。NASA正在全球范围征集太空厕所设计的创意。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Winners in this category will receive public recognition and our souvenirs. (本组优胜者将获公众嘉许及我们的纪念品。)”可知，获胜者可以获得纪念品。故选D。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toilet Design Requirements部分中“The space toilet has to be able to hold at least 1.5kg human waste.(太空厕所必须能够容纳至少1.5公斤的人类排泄物。)”可知，太空厕所必须能够容纳至少1.5公斤的人类排泄物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题，根据第一段“So we have started a competition to get ideas from around the world to develop a new space toilet that would work aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as well as on Moon.(因此，我们开始了一项竞赛，从世界各地征集想法，开发一种新的太空厕所，既可以在国际空间站上使用，也可以在月球上使用。)及最后一段“We hope this challenge will result in new ways to deal with human waste in outer space.(我们希望这一挑战将带来处理外层空间人类排泄物的新方法。)”可知，文章主要介绍的是NASA正在全球范围征集太空厕所设计的创意。故这是NASA发布的一项活动广告。故选B。
B
I believe that we should take pride in what we do, even if it is misunderstood by the people around us.
I have been a professional skateboarder for 24 years. For much of that time, the sport that paid my rent and gave me my greatest joy had many names, most of which were ugly: a kids’ play, a waste of time, a dangerous activity.
When I was about 17, my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder. It seemed to him that my future was bleak.
Even during those dark years I never stopped riding my skateboard. There had been many, many times when I felt discouraged because I couldn’t complete a difficult move. But I’ve come to realize that the only way to master something is to keep at it—despite the bloody knees, despite the unpleasant comments.
Although skateboarding has gained mainstream recognition in recent years, it still has unfavorable stereotypes(刻板印象).The professional skateboarders I know are responsible members of society. Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture, even when they appear strange during competitions.
So here I am, 38 years old, a wife and a mother of three, with a lengthy list of responsibilities. And although I have many job titles—senior advisor, foundation chairwoman, well-known actress—the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.
My youngest son’s preschool class were recently asked what their parents do for work. The responses were things like, “My dad sells money.” and “My mom figures stuff out.” My son said, “I’ve never seen my mom do work.”
It’s true. Skateboarding doesn’t seem like real work, but I’m proud of what I do. My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion(酷爱). I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.
4. What does the underlined word “bleak” in paragraph 3mean?
A. Successful. B. Certain. C. Bright. D. Unpromising.
5 What can we learn from paragraph 5 about the professional skateboarders?
A. They are irresponsible members of society.
B. They lovemaking unpleasant comments.
C. They wear strange hairstyles and clothes.
D. They turn deaf ears to other people’s ideas.
6. Which job title is the author most proud of?
A. Famous actress. B. Professional skateboarder.
C. Senior advisor. D. Foundation chairwoman.
7. What is the author most likely to tell her children?
A. Follow their passion and keep at it.
B. Don’t question the practicality of her job.
C. They are lucky to have a supportive mother.
D. Skateboarding is the best sport in the world.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女性职业滑板运动员的成长历程。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前“When I was about 17, my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.(当我17岁的时候，我的高中老师在全班同学面前告诉我，我永远不能用滑板谋生)”可推断，在老师眼里，作者不务正业，是没有前途的，所以bleak应是与Unpromising意为“不乐观的”同义。故先D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture, even when they appear strange during competitions.(他们的发型和服装只是文化的一部分，即使他们在比赛中看起来很奇怪)”可知， 这些人的发型及穿着有些异类。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“And although I have many job tiles—senior advisor, foundation chairwoman, well-known actress-the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.(虽然我有很多头衔——高级顾问、基金会主席、知名女演员——但我最引以为傲的是职业滑板运动员)”可知作者最引以为傲的职位是专业的滑板者。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion(酷爱). I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.(我的父母从来没有质疑过我的热情背后的实用性。我希望有一天能把同样的教训传递给我的孩子们)”可推断，作者很可能会鼓励她的孩子坚持做自己喜欢的事。故选A项。
C
At a Pittsburgh wedding, the cookie table is as important as the first kiss. But finding the true origin of the tradition is as challenging as making the perfect cookie table. Some say it’s a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage. Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.
But the cookie table’s connection with weddings didn’t show up in publications until the 1990s. Certainly, Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s, with local bakers saying they recall cookie tables at their families’ weddings for as long as they can remember.
“When I was a kid, the big talk was not ‘How was the wedding?’ Instead, it was ‘How were the cookies?’” said 70-year-old Marc Serrao, owner of Oakmont Bakery in Pittsburgh. “Perhaps the concept didn’t show up in newspapers and cookbooks because everybody was doing it, so it wasn’t seen as newsworthy.”
But no matter the origins, this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture. For many local families, preparing a cookie table has become a unique way to show their love.
There’s no exact number of cookies at a wedding. It’s usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen(十二) per guest.
Then when can the guest seat the cookies?
The answer likely lies in family tradition. Some families open the cookie tables before dinner, while most families wait until after dinner. Generally, it is recommended to wait until after dinner.
“However, what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things,” Marc Serrao says. “I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner. I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee.”
8. What can we know about the cookie table from the first four paragraphs?
A. It was brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants.
B. It first appeared at weddings during the 1990s.
C. It grew out of a need to save money in the 1930s.
D. It has been an important part of a wedding in Pittsburgh.
9. How many cookies are usually prepared for each guest?
A. 3~6. B. 5~12. C. 6~18. D. 19~24.
10. When can guests usually eat the cookies?
A. Old people always eat before dinner.
B. It is better to wait until after dinner.
C. It is necessary to ask Grandma first.
D. They are usually eaten the next morning.
11. What does Marc Serrao mean in the last paragraph?
A. There are exceptions to rules. B. We have to follow customs strictly.
C. It is OK for old people to break rules. D. It is not important to follow traditions.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了美国匹兹堡的结婚糕点习俗的重要性和起源。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Some say it’s a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage. Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.(有人说这是移民带到匹兹堡的一种习俗，从意大利人到波兰人，每个人都声称这是匹兹堡的传统。其他人则表示，这源于20世纪30年代在蛋糕上省钱的需要。)”可知它不一定是由移民带到匹兹堡的，排除选项A。且它不一定是在20世纪30年代出于省钱的需要而发展起来的，排除选项C。根据第二段中“But the cookie table’s connection with weddings didn’t show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly, Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s(但直到20世纪90年代，饼干桌与婚礼的联系才出现在出版物上。当然，早在20世纪90年代之前，匹兹堡人就在婚礼饼干桌上大快朵颐)”可知它首次出现在20世纪90年代的婚礼上是错误的，排除选项B。第三段中Marc Serrao老人的话“When I was a kid, the big talk was not ‘How was the wedding? Instead, it was ‘How were the cookies?(当我还是个孩子的时候，人们谈论的不是‘婚礼怎么样？’而是‘饼干怎么样？’)”及第四段“this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture(这种在婚礼上分享自制甜饼干的传统已经融入了匹兹堡的文化)”可知这是匹兹堡婚礼的重要组成部分。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中“There’s no exact number of cookies at a wedding. It’s usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen(十二) per guest.(婚礼上没有确切的饼干数量。它通常在每位客人6到每位客人1.5打之间)”可知，1.5*12=18，即通常为每位客人准备6至18块饼干。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第七段“Generally, it is recommended to wait until after dinner.(一般来说，建议等到晚饭后再吃。)”可知通常客人最好等到晚饭后吃饼干。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段““However, what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things,” Marc Serra o says. “I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner. I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee.”(“然而，什么是传统和发生什么是完全不同的事情，”Marc Serrao说。“我敢有人告诉奶奶，晚饭前不允许她从饼干桌上摘饼干。我也敢有人对贝茜阿姨说，第二天早上她不允许在包里放四块饼干和咖啡。”)”可推断Marc Serrao认为这些规矩不是死的，规则也有例外。故选A。
D
Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill, but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.
However, lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. “A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex. It’s the part in charge of working memory,” explains Jennifer Vendemia, a scientist from the University of South Carolina.
Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while, such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific task. It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage. Besides working memory, the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Scientists describe these as executive function tasks. Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely holdup to questioning. “Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there’s less available for other things,” says Vendemia. “Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25. When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, younger people have a harder time doing other tasks.”
Lying has social costs, too. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars. So if people view you as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The costs of lying to people. B. The true meaning of honesty.
C. The benefits of being truthful. D. The difficulty of being a good liar.
13. Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph?
A. To prove a theory. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To provide the background. D. To give an example.
14. Which of the following is the function of working memory?
A. Remembering a life-long lesson.
B. Storing information for a short time.
C. Pushing oneself to face difficulties.
D. Processing information in the brain.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying?
B. Which Part of Brain Is in Charge of Lying?
C. When Is It Especially Bad for People to Lie?
D. How Can We Keep Lies From Falling Apart?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细阐述了撒谎的众多危害。
【详解】1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill， but also save a lot of brainpower（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力）”可知，这一段写诚实的好处。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。第二段“However, lying takes much more work.然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力。”为本段主题句，后面的句子“Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work.(想象一下你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编造一个故事，思考谈话可能会朝着不同的方向发展，并想清楚你需要说些什么才能避免整个谎言分崩离析。你可能没有意识到，但你只是给了你的大脑很多额外的工作。)”都是举例说明。可知，作者用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎需要付出更多的努力。故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while(工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间)，以及“It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage.(当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们长期存储。)”可知，working memory属于短时记忆。故选B项。
4. 主旨大意题。第一段“Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill， but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.(大多数人不怎么说谎。这很有道理。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只要想一想你想说什么，然后就说出来。)”是说诚实的好处，而二、三和四段从不同角度说撒谎的危害。所以用A项“What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying?（说谎有哪些有害影响?）”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to appreciate arts in museums
___16___
You can increase the chance of finding an art piece that you can connect with by going to a museum that interests you. If you’re interested in climate change, for example, you might pick a museum that’s showing artworks inspired by Earth protection.
Keep your museum visit short and focused
Once you’ve picked the place you want to visit, how do you make the most of your time? Art museums can be huge. For example, the Museum of Modern Art in New York has almost 200, 000 works. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum.___17___.After that, it’s hard to stay focused and remember what you’ve seen.
Really experience the art
Once you have the chance of seeing the real thing at a museum, get up close and take your time to experience it. For example, when you are looking at sculptures(雕塑), try to copy them with your body.___18___It can open up new pathways and possibilities of how you might make sense of these things in your life, too.
Keep an open mind to reflect and appreciate
When you are looking at an artwork, try not to think about what you’re about to see. Some artworks maybe surprising, while others might be disappointing.___19___.You can love it. You can hate it. You can cry, feel angry or laugh. That’s OK.
Draw personal connections to the artwork
Even though it may not be what the artist intended, a color, a flower or a pattern in a painting might remind you of something in your own life. So let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you.___20___
A. Consider the value of the artwork
B. Then a deep connection will happen
C. You don’t need more than an hour or two
D. Pick a museum that is related to your interest
E. Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel
F. Plans to copy something beautiful are nothing to be laughed at
G. It can help you appreciate how artists express their emotions more deeply
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个提升参观艺术博物馆体验的方法。
【16题详解】
根据后文的“You can increase the chance of finding an art piece that you can connect with by going to a museum that interests you.(你可以通过去你感兴趣的博物馆来增加找到一件与你有联系的艺术品的机会。)”可知，此处强调的是通过增加兴趣来增加找到一件与你有联系的艺术品的机会即强调兴趣的作用。D选项“Pick a museum that is related to your interest(选择一个与你的兴趣相关的博物馆)”引起下文。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“For example, the Museum of Modern Art in New York has almost 200, 000 works. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum.( 例如，纽约现代艺术博物馆有近20万件作品。所以对于你能在博物馆待多久要现实一点。)”可知，此处强调对于让你的博物馆之旅简短而集中，后文应该提出在博物馆停留多长时间。C选项“You don’t need more than an hour or two(你不需要超过一两个小时)”给具体建议，即不需要在博物馆中停留一两个小时。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据空后“ For example, when you are looking at sculptures(雕塑), try to copy them with your body. (例如，当你看雕塑时，试着用你的身体去模仿它们。)”以及后文的“It can open up new pathways and possibilities of how you might make sense of these things in your life, too.(它也可以为你如何理解生活中的这些事情开辟新的途径和可能性。)”可知，设空处强调的是讲模仿雕像的好处。G选项“It can help you appreciate how artists express their emotions more deeply。(它可以帮助你更深入地欣赏艺术家如何表达他们的情感。)”继续强调模仿雕像的好处。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段断指“Keep an open mind to reflect and appreciate(保持开放的心态去反思和欣赏)”以及前文的“Some artworks maybe surprising, while others might be disappointing.(有些艺术品可能令人惊讶，而另一些则可能令人失望。)”可知，保持开放的心态去反思和欣赏，不同的艺术作品给予人的感受不同。E选项“Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel(相反，让自己去感受艺术带给你的感觉)”强调，无论艺术作品给人怎样的感受，要让自己去感受，与段旨呼应。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段段旨“Draw personal connections to the artwork(画出个人与艺术作品的联系)”以及空前“So let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you.(所以，让你的思想漫游，跟随你的思想，无论它把你带到哪里。)”可知，此处主要阐述如何与艺术品建立情感联系即让你的思想与艺术品的思想同游，最终就会产生联系。B选项“Then a deep connection will happen.(然后一种深层次的联系就会发生。)”承接前文。故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Myrtle is a small sleepy town in Montana. There’s no bank or restaurant here, but a small stone___21___right next to the state highway. Half of it is a post office. The other half is a one-room___22___.Rachel Luster took over this library four months ago with the___23___of connecting the community to the outside world and creating a ___24___center for the kids.
Her first task was___25___the books she felt every library must have: The Odyssey. “I looked and looked. But we didn’t have. No library in our system had one,” Luster said. So she started to use social media to___26___money from people around the state and has already ___27___about 1, 000 new books to the library.
“While the Myrtle library___28___taxpayer money, it gets only $200a month for books and supplies,” she explained. “But the library is a ___29___for the community because many people here do not have ____30____to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world. I want to bring a sense of ____31____to the community.”
Luster’s library is open only three days a week. One of her ____32____visitors is 10-year-old Blake Brooks.
“Before____33____this library, my favorite activity was watching TV,” he said. “Now, as soon as I step off the school bus, I come here to____34____.I like to____35____.I’m in the books I read.”
21. A. bridge B. building C. table D. forest
22. A. library B. hotel C. restaurant D. school
23. A. opportunity B. loss C. goal D. benefit
24. A. processing B. data C. health D. learning
25. A. searching for B. cleaning up C. bringing about D. putting down
26. A. donate B. raise C. beg D. reject
27. A. mailed B. left C. added D. written
28. A. borrows B. steals C. forgets D. receives
29. A. waste B. lifeline C. burden D. bank
30. A. room B. desire C. access D. plan
31. A. relief B. humor C. achievement D. connectedness
32. A. regular B. wealthy C. old D. funny
33. A. repairing B. buying C. discovering D. recognizing
34. A. play B. read C. sing D. dance
35. A. wish B. admit C. announce D. imagine
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Rachel Luster在Myrtle小镇努力经营一家小图书馆的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里没有银行，也没有餐馆，只有一座小石头建筑，就在州际公路旁边。A. bridge桥；B. building建筑物；C. table桌子；D. forest森林。根据后文“Half of it is a post office. The other half is a one-room ___2___ .”可知，这里没有银行没有餐馆，而只有一个建筑物，该大楼的一半是邮局。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的一半是邮局。另一半是一个只有一个房间的图书馆。A. library图书馆；B. hotel宾馆；C. restaurant餐馆；D. school学校。根据后文“took over this library”可知，它的一半是邮局。另一半是一个只有一个房间的图书馆。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rachel四个月前接管了这个图书馆，她的目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。A. opportunity机会；B. loss损失；C. goal目标；D. benefit好处。根据后文“connecting the community to the outside world and creating a ___4___ center for the kids.”可知，目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. processing加工，处理；B. data数据；C. health健康；D. learning学习。根据前文“took over this library”可知，Rachel目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的首要任务是寻找他认为每个图书馆都必须有的书。A. searching for寻找；B. cleaning up清理；C. bringing about引起；D. putting down镇压，记下。根据后文“I looked and looked. But we didn’t have.”可知，她的首要任务是寻找她认为每个图书馆都必须有的书。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她开始利用社交媒体向全州各地的人们筹集资金，并已经为图书馆增加了大约1000本新书。A. donate捐赠；B. raise举起，筹集；C. beg祈求；D. reject拒绝。根据后文“money from people around the state”可知，她利用社交媒体向全州各地的人们筹集资金。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mailed发送邮件；B. left离开；C. added增加，补充；D. written写。根据后文“about 1, 000 new books to the library”可知，她已经为图书馆增加了大约1000本新书。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然默特尔图书馆接受纳税人的钱，但它每月只有200美元的书籍和用品费用。A. borrows借；B. steals偷；C. forgets忘记；D. receives收到。根据后文“taxpayer money”可知，默特尔图书馆接受纳税人的钱。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。A. waste浪费；B. lifeline生命线；C. burden负担；D. bank银行。根据后文“because many people here do not have ___10___ to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. room房间，空间；B. desire渴望；C. access通路，权力，机会；D. plan计划。根据后文“the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，但图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。固定搭配have access to，意为“可以接近/进入，有干某事的权力或机会”故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想给社区带来一种联系感。A. relief信念；B. humor幽默；C. achievement成就；D. connectedness联系。根据前文“But the library is a ___9___ for the community because many people here do not have ___10___ to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。所以Rachel Luster给社区带来一种联系感。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的常客之一是10岁的布莱克·布鲁克斯。A. regular定期的；B. wealthy健康的；C. old老的；D. funny搞笑的，愉快的。根据前文“only three days a week.”以及后文“Now, as soon as I step off the school bus, I come here to ___14___ .I like to ___15___ .”可知，图书馆是定期开放的，由此布莱克·布鲁克斯是其中的常客之一，他一走下校车就来这里读书。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在发现这个图书馆之前，我最喜欢的活动是看电视。A. repairing修理；B. buying买；C. discovering发现；D. recognizing识别，认出。根据后文“this library”可知，在发现图书馆之前，布莱克·布鲁克斯最喜欢看电视。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我一走下校车就来这里读书。A. play玩；B. read读；C. sing唱；D. dance跳舞。根据前文“come here”可知，此处here指代的是图书馆，故他一走下校车就来这里读书。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢想象。我在读的书中遨游。A. wish希望；B. admit承认；C. announce宣布；D. imagine想象。根据后文“I’m in the books I read.”可知，他总是喜欢自己在书中遨游。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ritch Addison was ashy kid. In elementary school, he didn’t speak up for himself, and he___36___(worry) a lot. But once he went to high school, he made up his mind___37___(develop) a sense of humor to make more friends. His new approach worked and he started to become known for his jokes—like the time he made fun ___38___a classmate’s poor score on a math test.
“It turned out that I had gotten a hundred on the test and he didn’t do so well,” Addison recalled. “And I joked heartlessly about it.”
Then one day his good friend, Holly, pulled him aside and said, “Ritch, sometimes you really hurt ___39___(people) feeling.”
Addison___40___(shock). He had always seen himself as the one who made his friends laugh. He couldn’t imagine that he might be hurting them.
“But I kept thinking about what Holly said. Finally, I realized that she was ___41___(absolute) right. I started paying attention to ___42___other people was reacting to my humor,” he said.
It couldn’t happen overnight,___43___. “Over the years, I worked on___44___(be) more compassionate(同理心的) toward the people around me since I wanted to have___45___different kind of relationship with them,” he said.
【答案】36. worried
37. to develop
38. of 39. people’s
40. was shocked
41. absolutely
42. how 43. however##though
44. being 45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中讲述了Ritch Addison“幽默”成长的故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：在小学时，他不敢大声说话，而且他很担心。根据“he didn’t speak up”可知句子时态是一般过去时，worry用过去式，故填worried。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但他一上了高中，就下定决心培养幽默感，结交更多的朋友。make up one’s mind to do sth意为“决心做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to develop。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他的新方法奏效了，他开始以他的笑话而闻名，比如有一次他取笑一位同学在数学考试中的糟糕成绩。make fun of意为“取笑”，为固定短语。故填of。
【39题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：然后有一天，他的好朋友霍利把他拉到一边说，“Ritch有时候你真的伤害了人们的感情”。根据语境可知，people与feeling之间存在所属关系，故此处用所给名词的所有格形式people’s，故填people’s。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：Addison很震惊。根据上文的时间状语“Then one day”可知，空处的句子使用一般过去时，又因为shock与Ⅰ之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，则用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是Addison，be动词用was。故填was shocked。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：最后，我意识到她是绝对正确的。此处用所给形容词的副词作状语修饰空后的形容词，故填absolutely。
【42题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他说，“我开始关注其他人对我的幽默的反应”。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个宾语从句。需要的词义为“如何”，则用连接副词how作状语，故填how。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：不过，这不可能在一夜之间发生。上一句的句意为“我开始关注其他人对我的幽默的反应”，下一句的句意为“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”可知，本句表示转折关系，则填入however或though，故填however或though。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：他说：“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”。on为介词，则用动名词being作宾语，故填being。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他说：“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”。kind为可数名词，又因为该处是泛指，different是以辅音音素开头的单词，则用不定冠词a，故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。某英语杂志正在征稿讨论“中学生是否应该带手机进校园”。请你给杂志编辑写一封邮件。内容包括:
1.你校学生使用手机的情况;
2.你的看法或建议。
注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear editor,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear editor,
At my school, there is a growing concern over the smartphone use. Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school. Otherwise, we will be punished. However, many of us try to use them in secret.
I don’t think it is right to forbid smartphones at school. Firstly, they can keep us up-to-date with current events, which is very important for our study. Secondly, they can help us to exchange ideas with like-minded people. In short, I think smartphones should not be forbidden as long as they are used wisely.
Best regards.
Yours faithfully.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就某英语杂志关于“中学生是否应该带手机进校园”话题写一篇稿件，内容包括：学校学生使用手机的情况；个人的看法以及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不断增加的：growing→ increasing
尝试：try→ attempt
首先：first→ first of all
我认为：I think→ in my point of view
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At my school, there is a growing concern over the smartphone use.
拓展句：At my school, there is a growing concern which is over the smartphone use.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school. （运用了it为形式主语，that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Firstly, they can keep us up-to-date with current events, which is very important for our study.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“This time, it’s a teamwork,” our English teacher said one Monday morning. “You’re going to read a nice book together with two or three teammates. Then each team will make a presentation by the end of the week. The team that makes the best presentation will get a prize.” As soon as our teacher finished explaining the rules, Liya went to me and asked, “Teammates?”
Since Liya and I were interested in picture books and took painting class together, I agreed to be her teammate without a second thought.
During the lunchtime, we went to the dining room together to exchange ideas on the reading project over lunch. Kasha, with whom I always did stuff together, happened to sit at the next table.
“Kasha, do you have any good idea for us?” I asked casually.
“Why should I give you guys ideas?” she replied in a hurt tone. “I’ll save them for my own team. After all, I am not your first choice for the project.”
On hearing this, I realized that she was mad with me, for a good reason. If I were her，not only would I feel hurt, but I’d also be worried about which team I could join. Now I had my teammate and Kasha didn’t.
With my eyes fixed on the floor, I apologized in a low voice, “I’m sorry to leave you out. But would you like to join us now?”
I thought that Kasha would be pleased with the invitation. To my surprise, she refused immediately. At the very moment, I realized that Kasha was really angry. So, I decided to do something to let her know that she was always one of my best friends.
注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, I happened to see a picture book that Kasha and I had read together.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I slipped my painting into Kasha’s desk, hoping that it would make her forgive me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
That evening, I happened to see a picture book that Kasha and I had read together. Suddenly, I had a good idea; to paint a picture to express my regret to her. I went to my desk immediately and started drawing a few scenes of us enjoying each other’s company. At the bottom of the page, I wrote, “Dear Kasha, I hope that this letter will remind you that you are one of my best friends and that you will never be left out again.”
The next day, I slipped my painting into Kasha’s desk, hoping that it would make her forgive me. It did more than that! After she read it, she went to me and said, “I really love your painting and I’m sorry to be so sensitive yesterday. Why not read the picture book again with Liya? Perhaps we can draw more pictures and share them with our classmates at the presentation.” Hearing her words, I exchanged a knowing smile with Liya and felt relieved that the misunderstanding between us was finally cleared up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加学校活动时，没有第一时间邀请自己的好朋友Kasha，Kasha对自己很生气，之后作者通过画一些她们享受彼此陪伴的场景，最终取得Kasha的原谅。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，我碰巧看到一本我和卡莎一起读过的图画书。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到通过画一些她们享受彼此陪伴的场景来取得Kasha的原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我把画塞进卡莎的桌子，希望能让她原谅我。”可知，第二段可描写作者最终和Kasha和好一起参加班级活动。
2. 续写线索：和Liya组队——询问Kasha——Kasha生气——画画道歉——和Kasha和好——一起组队
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①表达：express/show/articulate
②原谅：forgive/pardon
③消除：clear up/clarify
情绪类
①懊悔：regret/remorse
②敏感：ensitive/touchy
【点睛】[高分句型1]At the bottom of the page, I wrote, “Dear Kasha, I hope that this letter will remind you that you are one of my best friends and that you will never be left out again.”(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Hearing her words, I exchanged a knowing smile with Liya and felt relieved that the misunderstanding between us was finally cleared up.(现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1~5BCAAB 6~10CACBA 11~15CCBC A 16~ 20BBACA
2022~2023学年度高一年级5月月考
英语试题
考生注意:
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围: 必修第三册Units 1~ 4
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman looking for?
A. A museum. B. The Teen Eye Building. C. A police station.
2. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a shower. B. Clean her teeth.do C. Wash her face.
3. What does the woman say about living in a big city?
A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Convenient.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Having an interview. B. Chatting with a friend. C. Taking a French class.
5. When will the mango to the zoo?
A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Lie to her boss. B. Write a report. C. Put the things in order first.
7. Where does the woman find the report?
A. On the floor. B. On the bookshelf. C. On the desk.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who gave the woman the tickets?
A. Her manager. B. Her husband. C. Her brother.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. At a theater.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Joan going to do tonight?
A. Visit a friend. B. Cook a meal. C. Meet her mother.
11. Why does the man refuse to eat hamburgers?
A. They are unhealthy. B. They are not delicious. C. He wants to have a change.
12. What will the speakers have for dinner?
A. Chinese food. B. French food. C. Japanese food.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the man suggest doing?
A. Inviting a famous actor to the party.
B. Playing some good music at the party.
C. Asking everyone to dress up at the party.
14. What will the speakers discuss tomorrow?
A. The selection of clothes.
B. The types of the competitions.
C. The organization of the fun games.
15. What food will the speakers prepare?
A. Pizza. B. Bread. C. Fried chicken.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. Mother and son.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How did the speaker feel when she received the invitation?
A. Disappointed. B. Overjoyed. C. Annoyed.
18. How did the speaker get to the airport?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
19. When did the speaker’s plane takeoff?
A. At 1:40 pm. B. At 1:50 pm. C. At 2: 00 pm.
20. What did the speaker fail to see from the plane?
A. Hills. B. White clouds. C. Beautiful cities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Astronauts go to bathroom just like everybody else. However, it can be tricky in space because gravity is so weak that people and objects appear to be weightless. It means that toilets cannot flush(冲洗) the same way that they do on Earth. So we have started a competition to get ideas from around the world to develop a new space toilet that would work aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as well as on Moon.
The competition, titled “NASA’s Lunar Loo Challenge”, has a total prize of $ 35, 000 to be shared by winning teams. Anyone above 14 can apply to this challenge, and the winning design will receive a $ 20, 000 reward. The second-place design will win $10, 000, and the third-place winner will win $ 5, 000.
The competition also includes a junior category(类别) in which anyone under the age of 14 can apply with their creative space toilet ideas. Winners in this category will receive public recognition and our souvenirs.
Toilet Design Requirements
Designs should take up no more than 1.13m3 of space.
The space toilet has to be able to hold at least 1.5kg human waste.
The final requirement is that the system must be able to get rid of the waste and be cleaned in five minutes or less.
We hope this challenge will result in new ways to deal with human waste in outerspace.
1 What can a junior winner get from the competition?
A. A cash reward. B. A scholarship.
C. A trip to NASA. D. A NASA souvenir.
2. Which is a design requirement for the toilet?
A. It takes up less than 1.13m3 of space.
B. It has to be cleaned in 6 minutes.
C. It can hold at least 1.5kg human waste.
D. It must be able to dry up the waste.
3. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. An advertisement.
C. A diary entry. D. A product description.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。NASA正在全球范围征集太空厕所设计的创意。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Winners in this category will receive public recognition and our souvenirs. (本组优胜者将获公众嘉许及我们的纪念品。)”可知，获胜者可以获得纪念品。故选D。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toilet Design Requirements部分中“The space toilet has to be able to hold at least 1.5kg human waste.(太空厕所必须能够容纳至少1.5公斤的人类排泄物。)”可知，太空厕所必须能够容纳至少1.5公斤的人类排泄物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题，根据第一段“So we have started a competition to get ideas from around the world to develop a new space toilet that would work aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as well as on Moon.(因此，我们开始了一项竞赛，从世界各地征集想法，开发一种新的太空厕所，既可以在国际空间站上使用，也可以在月球上使用。)及最后一段“We hope this challenge will result in new ways to deal with human waste in outer space.(我们希望这一挑战将带来处理外层空间人类排泄物的新方法。)”可知，文章主要介绍的是NASA正在全球范围征集太空厕所设计的创意。故这是NASA发布的一项活动广告。故选B。
B
I believe that we should take pride in what we do, even if it is misunderstood by the people around us.
I have been a professional skateboarder for 24 years. For much of that time, the sport that paid my rent and gave me my greatest joy had many names, most of which were ugly: a kids’ play, a waste of time, a dangerous activity.
When I was about 17, my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder. It seemed to him that my future was bleak.
Even during those dark years I never stopped riding my skateboard. There had been many, many times when I felt discouraged because I couldn’t complete a difficult move. But I’ve come to realize that the only way to master something is to keep at it—despite the bloody knees, despite the unpleasant comments.
Although skateboarding has gained mainstream recognition in recent years, it still has unfavorable stereotypes(刻板印象).The professional skateboarders I know are responsible members of society. Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture, even when they appear strange during competitions.
So here I am, 38 years old, a wife and a mother of three, with a lengthy list of responsibilities. And although I have many job titles—senior advisor, foundation chairwoman, well-known actress—the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.
My youngest son’s preschool class were recently asked what their parents do for work. The responses were things like, “My dad sells money.” and “My mom figures stuff out.” My son said, “I’ve never seen my mom do work.”
It’s true. Skateboarding doesn’t seem like real work, but I’m proud of what I do. My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion(酷爱). I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.
4. What does the underlined word “bleak” in paragraph 3mean?
A. Successful. B. Certain. C. Bright. D. Unpromising.
5 What can we learn from paragraph 5 about the professional skateboarders?
A. They are irresponsible members of society.
B. They lovemaking unpleasant comments.
C. They wear strange hairstyles and clothes.
D. They turn deaf ears to other people’s ideas.
6. Which job title is the author most proud of?
A. Famous actress. B. Professional skateboarder.
C. Senior advisor. D. Foundation chairwoman.
7. What is the author most likely to tell her children?
A. Follow their passion and keep at it.
B. Don’t question the practicality of her job.
C. They are lucky to have a supportive mother.
D. Skateboarding is the best sport in the world.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女性职业滑板运动员的成长历程。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前“When I was about 17, my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.(当我17岁的时候，我的高中老师在全班同学面前告诉我，我永远不能用滑板谋生)”可推断，在老师眼里，作者不务正业，是没有前途的，所以bleak应是与Unpromising意为“不乐观的”同义。故先D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture, even when they appear strange during competitions.(他们的发型和服装只是文化的一部分，即使他们在比赛中看起来很奇怪)”可知， 这些人的发型及穿着有些异类。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“And although I have many job tiles—senior advisor, foundation chairwoman, well-known actress-the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.(虽然我有很多头衔——高级顾问、基金会主席、知名女演员——但我最引以为傲的是职业滑板运动员)”可知作者最引以为傲的职位是专业的滑板者。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion(酷爱). I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.(我的父母从来没有质疑过我的热情背后的实用性。我希望有一天能把同样的教训传递给我的孩子们)”可推断，作者很可能会鼓励她的孩子坚持做自己喜欢的事。故选A项。
C
At a Pittsburgh wedding, the cookie table is as important as the first kiss. But finding the true origin of the tradition is as challenging as making the perfect cookie table. Some say it’s a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage. Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.
But the cookie table’s connection with weddings didn’t show up in publications until the 1990s. Certainly, Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s, with local bakers saying they recall cookie tables at their families’ weddings for as long as they can remember.
“When I was a kid, the big talk was not ‘How was the wedding?’ Instead, it was ‘How were the cookies?’” said 70-year-old Marc Serrao, owner of Oakmont Bakery in Pittsburgh. “Perhaps the concept didn’t show up in newspapers and cookbooks because everybody was doing it, so it wasn’t seen as newsworthy.”
But no matter the origins, this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture. For many local families, preparing a cookie table has become a unique way to show their love.
There’s no exact number of cookies at a wedding. It’s usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen(十二) per guest.
Then when can the guest seat the cookies?
The answer likely lies in family tradition. Some families open the cookie tables before dinner, while most families wait until after dinner. Generally, it is recommended to wait until after dinner.
“However, what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things,” Marc Serrao says. “I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner. I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee.”
8. What can we know about the cookie table from the first four paragraphs?
A. It was brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants.
B. It first appeared at weddings during the 1990s.
C. It grew out of a need to save money in the 1930s.
D. It has been an important part of a wedding in Pittsburgh.
9. How many cookies are usually prepared for each guest?
A. 3~6. B. 5~12. C. 6~18. D. 19~24.
10. When can guests usually eat the cookies?
A. Old people always eat before dinner.
B. It is better to wait until after dinner.
C. It is necessary to ask Grandma first.
D. They are usually eaten the next morning.
11. What does Marc Serrao mean in the last paragraph?
A. There are exceptions to rules. B. We have to follow customs strictly.
C. It is OK for old people to break rules. D. It is not important to follow traditions.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了美国匹兹堡的结婚糕点习俗的重要性和起源。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Some say it’s a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage. Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.(有人说这是移民带到匹兹堡的一种习俗，从意大利人到波兰人，每个人都声称这是匹兹堡的传统。其他人则表示，这源于20世纪30年代在蛋糕上省钱的需要。)”可知它不一定是由移民带到匹兹堡的，排除选项A。且它不一定是在20世纪30年代出于省钱的需要而发展起来的，排除选项C。根据第二段中“But the cookie table’s connection with weddings didn’t show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly, Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s(但直到20世纪90年代，饼干桌与婚礼的联系才出现在出版物上。当然，早在20世纪90年代之前，匹兹堡人就在婚礼饼干桌上大快朵颐)”可知它首次出现在20世纪90年代的婚礼上是错误的，排除选项B。第三段中Marc Serrao老人的话“When I was a kid, the big talk was not ‘How was the wedding? Instead, it was ‘How were the cookies?(当我还是个孩子的时候，人们谈论的不是‘婚礼怎么样？’而是‘饼干怎么样？’)”及第四段“this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture(这种在婚礼上分享自制甜饼干的传统已经融入了匹兹堡的文化)”可知这是匹兹堡婚礼的重要组成部分。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段中“There’s no exact number of cookies at a wedding. It’s usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen(十二) per guest.(婚礼上没有确切的饼干数量。它通常在每位客人6到每位客人1.5打之间)”可知，1.5*12=18，即通常为每位客人准备6至18块饼干。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第七段“Generally, it is recommended to wait until after dinner.(一般来说，建议等到晚饭后再吃。)”可知通常客人最好等到晚饭后吃饼干。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段““However, what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things,” Marc Serra o says. “I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner. I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee.”(“然而，什么是传统和发生什么是完全不同的事情，”Marc Serrao说。“我敢有人告诉奶奶，晚饭前不允许她从饼干桌上摘饼干。我也敢有人对贝茜阿姨说，第二天早上她不允许在包里放四块饼干和咖啡。”)”可推断Marc Serrao认为这些规矩不是死的，规则也有例外。故选A。
D
Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill, but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.
However, lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. “A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex. It’s the part in charge of working memory,” explains Jennifer Vendemia, a scientist from the University of South Carolina.
Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while, such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific task. It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage. Besides working memory, the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Scientists describe these as executive function tasks. Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely holdup to questioning. “Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there’s less available for other things,” says Vendemia. “Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25. When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, younger people have a harder time doing other tasks.”
Lying has social costs, too. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars. So if people view you as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The costs of lying to people. B. The true meaning of honesty.
C. The benefits of being truthful. D. The difficulty of being a good liar.
13. Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph?
A. To prove a theory. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To provide the background. D. To give an example.
14. Which of the following is the function of working memory?
A. Remembering a life-long lesson.
B. Storing information for a short time.
C. Pushing oneself to face difficulties.
D. Processing information in the brain.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying?
B. Which Part of Brain Is in Charge of Lying?
C. When Is It Especially Bad for People to Lie?
D. How Can We Keep Lies From Falling Apart?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细阐述了撒谎的众多危害。
【详解】1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill， but also save a lot of brainpower（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力）”可知，这一段写诚实的好处。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。第二段“However, lying takes much more work.然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力。”为本段主题句，后面的句子“Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work.(想象一下你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编造一个故事，思考谈话可能会朝着不同的方向发展，并想清楚你需要说些什么才能避免整个谎言分崩离析。你可能没有意识到，但你只是给了你的大脑很多额外的工作。)”都是举例说明。可知，作者用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎需要付出更多的努力。故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while(工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间)，以及“It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage.(当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们长期存储。)”可知，working memory属于短时记忆。故选B项。
4. 主旨大意题。第一段“Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only buildup goodwill， but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.(大多数人不怎么说谎。这很有道理。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只要想一想你想说什么，然后就说出来。)”是说诚实的好处，而二、三和四段从不同角度说撒谎的危害。所以用A项“What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying?（说谎有哪些有害影响?）”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to appreciate arts in museums
___16___
You can increase the chance of finding an art piece that you can connect with by going to a museum that interests you. If you’re interested in climate change, for example, you might pick a museum that’s showing artworks inspired by Earth protection.
Keep your museum visit short and focused
Once you’ve picked the place you want to visit, how do you make the most of your time? Art museums can be huge. For example, the Museum of Modern Art in New York has almost 200, 000 works. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum.___17___.After that, it’s hard to stay focused and remember what you’ve seen.
Really experience the art
Once you have the chance of seeing the real thing at a museum, get up close and take your time to experience it. For example, when you are looking at sculptures(雕塑), try to copy them with your body.___18___It can open up new pathways and possibilities of how you might make sense of these things in your life, too.
Keep an open mind to reflect and appreciate
When you are looking at an artwork, try not to think about what you’re about to see. Some artworks maybe surprising, while others might be disappointing.___19___.You can love it. You can hate it. You can cry, feel angry or laugh. That’s OK.
Draw personal connections to the artwork
Even though it may not be what the artist intended, a color, a flower or a pattern in a painting might remind you of something in your own life. So let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you.___20___
A. Consider the value of the artwork
B. Then a deep connection will happen
C. You don’t need more than an hour or two
D. Pick a museum that is related to your interest
E. Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel
F. Plans to copy something beautiful are nothing to be laughed at
G. It can help you appreciate how artists express their emotions more deeply
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个提升参观艺术博物馆体验的方法。
【16题详解】
根据后文的“You can increase the chance of finding an art piece that you can connect with by going to a museum that interests you.(你可以通过去你感兴趣的博物馆来增加找到一件与你有联系的艺术品的机会。)”可知，此处强调的是通过增加兴趣来增加找到一件与你有联系的艺术品的机会即强调兴趣的作用。D选项“Pick a museum that is related to your interest(选择一个与你的兴趣相关的博物馆)”引起下文。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“For example, the Museum of Modern Art in New York has almost 200, 000 works. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum.( 例如，纽约现代艺术博物馆有近20万件作品。所以对于你能在博物馆待多久要现实一点。)”可知，此处强调对于让你的博物馆之旅简短而集中，后文应该提出在博物馆停留多长时间。C选项“You don’t need more than an hour or two(你不需要超过一两个小时)”给具体建议，即不需要在博物馆中停留一两个小时。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据空后“ For example, when you are looking at sculptures(雕塑), try to copy them with your body. (例如，当你看雕塑时，试着用你的身体去模仿它们。)”以及后文的“It can open up new pathways and possibilities of how you might make sense of these things in your life, too.(它也可以为你如何理解生活中的这些事情开辟新的途径和可能性。)”可知，设空处强调的是讲模仿雕像的好处。G选项“It can help you appreciate how artists express their emotions more deeply。(它可以帮助你更深入地欣赏艺术家如何表达他们的情感。)”继续强调模仿雕像的好处。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段断指“Keep an open mind to reflect and appreciate(保持开放的心态去反思和欣赏)”以及前文的“Some artworks maybe surprising, while others might be disappointing.(有些艺术品可能令人惊讶，而另一些则可能令人失望。)”可知，保持开放的心态去反思和欣赏，不同的艺术作品给予人的感受不同。E选项“Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel(相反，让自己去感受艺术带给你的感觉)”强调，无论艺术作品给人怎样的感受，要让自己去感受，与段旨呼应。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段段旨“Draw personal connections to the artwork(画出个人与艺术作品的联系)”以及空前“So let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you.(所以，让你的思想漫游，跟随你的思想，无论它把你带到哪里。)”可知，此处主要阐述如何与艺术品建立情感联系即让你的思想与艺术品的思想同游，最终就会产生联系。B选项“Then a deep connection will happen.(然后一种深层次的联系就会发生。)”承接前文。故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Myrtle is a small sleepy town in Montana. There’s no bank or restaurant here, but a small stone___21___right next to the state highway. Half of it is a post office. The other half is a one-room___22___.Rachel Luster took over this library four months ago with the___23___of connecting the community to the outside world and creating a ___24___center for the kids.
Her first task was___25___the books she felt every library must have: The Odyssey. “I looked and looked. But we didn’t have. No library in our system had one,” Luster said. So she started to use social media to___26___money from people around the state and has already ___27___about 1, 000 new books to the library.
“While the Myrtle library___28___taxpayer money, it gets only $200a month for books and supplies,” she explained. “But the library is a ___29___for the community because many people here do not have ____30____to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world. I want to bring a sense of ____31____to the community.”
Luster’s library is open only three days a week. One of her ____32____visitors is 10-year-old Blake Brooks.
“Before____33____this library, my favorite activity was watching TV,” he said. “Now, as soon as I step off the school bus, I come here to____34____.I like to____35____.I’m in the books I read.”
21. A. bridge B. building C. table D. forest
22. A. library B. hotel C. restaurant D. school
23. A. opportunity B. loss C. goal D. benefit
24. A. processing B. data C. health D. learning
25. A. searching for B. cleaning up C. bringing about D. putting down
26. A. donate B. raise C. beg D. reject
27. A. mailed B. left C. added D. written
28. A. borrows B. steals C. forgets D. receives
29. A. waste B. lifeline C. burden D. bank
30. A. room B. desire C. access D. plan
31. A. relief B. humor C. achievement D. connectedness
32. A. regular B. wealthy C. old D. funny
33. A. repairing B. buying C. discovering D. recognizing
34. A. play B. read C. sing D. dance
35. A. wish B. admit C. announce D. imagine
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Rachel Luster在Myrtle小镇努力经营一家小图书馆的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里没有银行，也没有餐馆，只有一座小石头建筑，就在州际公路旁边。A. bridge桥；B. building建筑物；C. table桌子；D. forest森林。根据后文“Half of it is a post office. The other half is a one-room ___2___ .”可知，这里没有银行没有餐馆，而只有一个建筑物，该大楼的一半是邮局。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的一半是邮局。另一半是一个只有一个房间的图书馆。A. library图书馆；B. hotel宾馆；C. restaurant餐馆；D. school学校。根据后文“took over this library”可知，它的一半是邮局。另一半是一个只有一个房间的图书馆。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rachel四个月前接管了这个图书馆，她的目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。A. opportunity机会；B. loss损失；C. goal目标；D. benefit好处。根据后文“connecting the community to the outside world and creating a ___4___ center for the kids.”可知，目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. processing加工，处理；B. data数据；C. health健康；D. learning学习。根据前文“took over this library”可知，Rachel目标是将社区与外界联系起来，并为孩子们创建一个学习中心。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的首要任务是寻找他认为每个图书馆都必须有的书。A. searching for寻找；B. cleaning up清理；C. bringing about引起；D. putting down镇压，记下。根据后文“I looked and looked. But we didn’t have.”可知，她的首要任务是寻找她认为每个图书馆都必须有的书。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她开始利用社交媒体向全州各地的人们筹集资金，并已经为图书馆增加了大约1000本新书。A. donate捐赠；B. raise举起，筹集；C. beg祈求；D. reject拒绝。根据后文“money from people around the state”可知，她利用社交媒体向全州各地的人们筹集资金。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mailed发送邮件；B. left离开；C. added增加，补充；D. written写。根据后文“about 1, 000 new books to the library”可知，她已经为图书馆增加了大约1000本新书。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然默特尔图书馆接受纳税人的钱，但它每月只有200美元的书籍和用品费用。A. borrows借；B. steals偷；C. forgets忘记；D. receives收到。根据后文“taxpayer money”可知，默特尔图书馆接受纳税人的钱。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。A. waste浪费；B. lifeline生命线；C. burden负担；D. bank银行。根据后文“because many people here do not have ___10___ to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. room房间，空间；B. desire渴望；C. access通路，权力，机会；D. plan计划。根据后文“the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，但图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。固定搭配have access to，意为“可以接近/进入，有干某事的权力或机会”故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想给社区带来一种联系感。A. relief信念；B. humor幽默；C. achievement成就；D. connectedness联系。根据前文“But the library is a ___9___ for the community because many people here do not have ___10___ to the Internet at home and the library is the only place that people can connect to the outside world.”可知，图书馆是社区的生命线，因为这里的许多人在家里不能上网，图书馆是人们与外界联系的唯一场所。所以Rachel Luster给社区带来一种联系感。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的常客之一是10岁的布莱克·布鲁克斯。A. regular定期的；B. wealthy健康的；C. old老的；D. funny搞笑的，愉快的。根据前文“only three days a week.”以及后文“Now, as soon as I step off the school bus, I come here to ___14___ .I like to ___15___ .”可知，图书馆是定期开放的，由此布莱克·布鲁克斯是其中的常客之一，他一走下校车就来这里读书。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在发现这个图书馆之前，我最喜欢的活动是看电视。A. repairing修理；B. buying买；C. discovering发现；D. recognizing识别，认出。根据后文“this library”可知，在发现图书馆之前，布莱克·布鲁克斯最喜欢看电视。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我一走下校车就来这里读书。A. play玩；B. read读；C. sing唱；D. dance跳舞。根据前文“come here”可知，此处here指代的是图书馆，故他一走下校车就来这里读书。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢想象。我在读的书中遨游。A. wish希望；B. admit承认；C. announce宣布；D. imagine想象。根据后文“I’m in the books I read.”可知，他总是喜欢自己在书中遨游。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ritch Addison was ashy kid. In elementary school, he didn’t speak up for himself, and he___36___(worry) a lot. But once he went to high school, he made up his mind___37___(develop) a sense of humor to make more friends. His new approach worked and he started to become known for his jokes—like the time he made fun ___38___a classmate’s poor score on a math test.
“It turned out that I had gotten a hundred on the test and he didn’t do so well,” Addison recalled. “And I joked heartlessly about it.”
Then one day his good friend, Holly, pulled him aside and said, “Ritch, sometimes you really hurt ___39___(people) feeling.”
Addison___40___(shock). He had always seen himself as the one who made his friends laugh. He couldn’t imagine that he might be hurting them.
“But I kept thinking about what Holly said. Finally, I realized that she was ___41___(absolute) right. I started paying attention to ___42___other people was reacting to my humor,” he said.
It couldn’t happen overnight,___43___. “Over the years, I worked on___44___(be) more compassionate(同理心的) toward the people around me since I wanted to have___45___different kind of relationship with them,” he said.
【答案】36. worried
37. to develop
38. of 39. people’s
40. was shocked
41. absolutely
42. how 43. however##though
44. being 45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中讲述了Ritch Addison“幽默”成长的故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：在小学时，他不敢大声说话，而且他很担心。根据“he didn’t speak up”可知句子时态是一般过去时，worry用过去式，故填worried。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但他一上了高中，就下定决心培养幽默感，结交更多的朋友。make up one’s mind to do sth意为“决心做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to develop。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他的新方法奏效了，他开始以他的笑话而闻名，比如有一次他取笑一位同学在数学考试中的糟糕成绩。make fun of意为“取笑”，为固定短语。故填of。
【39题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：然后有一天，他的好朋友霍利把他拉到一边说，“Ritch有时候你真的伤害了人们的感情”。根据语境可知，people与feeling之间存在所属关系，故此处用所给名词的所有格形式people’s，故填people’s。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：Addison很震惊。根据上文的时间状语“Then one day”可知，空处的句子使用一般过去时，又因为shock与Ⅰ之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，则用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是Addison，be动词用was。故填was shocked。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：最后，我意识到她是绝对正确的。此处用所给形容词的副词作状语修饰空后的形容词，故填absolutely。
【42题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他说，“我开始关注其他人对我的幽默的反应”。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个宾语从句。需要的词义为“如何”，则用连接副词how作状语，故填how。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：不过，这不可能在一夜之间发生。上一句的句意为“我开始关注其他人对我的幽默的反应”，下一句的句意为“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”可知，本句表示转折关系，则填入however或though，故填however或though。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：他说：“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”。on为介词，则用动名词being作宾语，故填being。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他说：“这些年来，我努力对周围的人更加富有同情心，因为我想和他们建立不同的关系”。kind为可数名词，又因为该处是泛指，different是以辅音音素开头的单词，则用不定冠词a，故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。某英语杂志正在征稿讨论“中学生是否应该带手机进校园”。请你给杂志编辑写一封邮件。内容包括:
1.你校学生使用手机的情况;
2.你的看法或建议。
注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear editor,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear editor,
At my school, there is a growing concern over the smartphone use. Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school. Otherwise, we will be punished. However, many of us try to use them in secret.
I don’t think it is right to forbid smartphones at school. Firstly, they can keep us up-to-date with current events, which is very important for our study. Secondly, they can help us to exchange ideas with like-minded people. In short, I think smartphones should not be forbidden as long as they are used wisely.
Best regards.
Yours faithfully.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就某英语杂志关于“中学生是否应该带手机进校园”话题写一篇稿件，内容包括：学校学生使用手机的情况；个人的看法以及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不断增加的：growing→ increasing
尝试：try→ attempt
首先：first→ first of all
我认为：I think→ in my point of view
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At my school, there is a growing concern over the smartphone use.
拓展句：At my school, there is a growing concern which is over the smartphone use.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school. （运用了it为形式主语，that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Firstly, they can keep us up-to-date with current events, which is very important for our study.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“This time, it’s a teamwork,” our English teacher said one Monday morning. “You’re going to read a nice book together with two or three teammates. Then each team will make a presentation by the end of the week. The team that makes the best presentation will get a prize.” As soon as our teacher finished explaining the rules, Liya went to me and asked, “Teammates?”
Since Liya and I were interested in picture books and took painting class together, I agreed to be her teammate without a second thought.
During the lunchtime, we went to the dining room together to exchange ideas on the reading project over lunch. Kasha, with whom I always did stuff together, happened to sit at the next table.
“Kasha, do you have any good idea for us?” I asked casually.
“Why should I give you guys ideas?” she replied in a hurt tone. “I’ll save them for my own team. After all, I am not your first choice for the project.”
On hearing this, I realized that she was mad with me, for a good reason. If I were her，not only would I feel hurt, but I’d also be worried about which team I could join. Now I had my teammate and Kasha didn’t.
With my eyes fixed on the floor, I apologized in a low voice, “I’m sorry to leave you out. But would you like to join us now?”
I thought that Kasha would be pleased with the invitation. To my surprise, she refused immediately. At the very moment, I realized that Kasha was really angry. So, I decided to do something to let her know that she was always one of my best friends.
注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, I happened to see a picture book that Kasha and I had read together.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I slipped my painting into Kasha’s desk, hoping that it would make her forgive me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
That evening, I happened to see a picture book that Kasha and I had read together. Suddenly, I had a good idea; to paint a picture to express my regret to her. I went to my desk immediately and started drawing a few scenes of us enjoying each other’s company. At the bottom of the page, I wrote, “Dear Kasha, I hope that this letter will remind you that you are one of my best friends and that you will never be left out again.”
The next day, I slipped my painting into Kasha’s desk, hoping that it would make her forgive me. It did more than that! After she read it, she went to me and said, “I really love your painting and I’m sorry to be so sensitive yesterday. Why not read the picture book again with Liya? Perhaps we can draw more pictures and share them with our classmates at the presentation.” Hearing her words, I exchanged a knowing smile with Liya and felt relieved that the misunderstanding between us was finally cleared up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加学校活动时，没有第一时间邀请自己的好朋友Kasha，Kasha对自己很生气，之后作者通过画一些她们享受彼此陪伴的场景，最终取得Kasha的原谅。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，我碰巧看到一本我和卡莎一起读过的图画书。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到通过画一些她们享受彼此陪伴的场景来取得Kasha的原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我把画塞进卡莎的桌子，希望能让她原谅我。”可知，第二段可描写作者最终和Kasha和好一起参加班级活动。
2. 续写线索：和Liya组队——询问Kasha——Kasha生气——画画道歉——和Kasha和好——一起组队
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①表达：express/show/articulate
②原谅：forgive/pardon
③消除：clear up/clarify
情绪类
①懊悔：regret/remorse
②敏感：ensitive/touchy
【点睛】[高分句型1]At the bottom of the page, I wrote, “Dear Kasha, I hope that this letter will remind you that you are one of my best friends and that you will never be left out again.”(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Hearing her words, I exchanged a knowing smile with Liya and felt relieved that the misunderstanding between us was finally cleared up.(现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1~5BCAAB 6~10CACBA 11~15CCBC A 16~ 20BBACA
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