福建省龙岩市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省龙岩市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

龙岩市2022~2023学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查
英语试题
注意：请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do?
A. Telephone her mother.
B. Treat the man to lunch.
C. Invite the man to a movie.
2. How does the woman go to classes?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus.
3. Why is the man making the call?
A. To apply for a job.
B. To ask for sick leave.
C. To arrange his work schedule.
4. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the street. B. At a store. C. In the man's workplace.
5 What are the speakers talking about?
A. When Tom's birthday is.
B. Whether Tom likes taking pictures.
C. What gift the man should prepare.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where do the woman's friends live?
A. In a village. B. In a town. C. In a city.
7. How did the woman feel at her friends' place at night?
A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Frightened.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man think of the woman's pictures?
A. Professional. B. Serious. C. Basic.
9. What did the woman use to take the pictures?
A. Her phone. B. Her camera. C. Her parents' camera.
10. What did the woman do last year?
A. She attended a course.
B. She did some experiments.
C. She got a better phone.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What was the man doing when he hurt his knee?
A. He was running. B. He was riding a bike. C. He was going downstairs.
12. When did the man hurt his arm?
A. Yesterday morning. B. Yesterday afternoon. C. Yesterday evening.
13 What does the woman tell the man to do?
A. Take some medicine.
B. Do some examination.
C. Deal with the cut carefully.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Mountain biking.
15. When does the conversation take place?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening.
16. Whose party will the speakers go to?
A. Todd's. B. Simone's. C. Frankie's.
17. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did the speaker stay during her vacation?
A. In a tent. B. In a hotel. C. In her friend's house.
19. What did the speaker do on the first day?
A. She swam in the sea. B. She played ballgames. C. She attended surfing lessons.
20. How did the speaker spend most of her time during the vacation?
A. Playing at a club. B. Staying on the beach. C. Walking with her friends.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking for destinations of your summer trips? Let’s check it out!
Singapore
Singapore is an energetic multicultural city-state in Southeast Asia. It offers a unique mix of Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Western cultures. The city has an impressive skyline and is a center for business, shopping, and dining. Visitors can explore the busy markets of Chinatown, Little India, and Arab Street, as well as the Gardens by the Bay and the Marina Bay Sands.
Istanbul
Istanbul is a city where two continents meet, Europe and Asia. It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. The city features amazing architecture, such as the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, and a rich cooking scene with traditional Turkish delights. Visitors can also take a boat ride across the Bosphorus Strait to explore the Asian side of the city.
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is a busy international city in China that combines Eastern and Western cultures. The city is famous for its skyscrapers, street markets, and delicious snacks. Visitors can explore the city's historic streets in Central, take a cable car(缆车) up to Victoria Peak for fascinating views, or visit the giant Buddha statue on Lantau Island.
Toronto
Toronto is Canada’s largest city and is known for its multiculturalism and diversity. The city is home to over 140 languages, and over half of its population was born outside of Canada. Toronto’s cultural scene reflects this diversity, with numerous festivals celebrating different cultures, such as Caribana, the Toronto International Film Festival, and the Taste of the Danforth Greek festival
Click here for more information about the attractive destinations in the world!
1. Where can tourists experience a mix of ancient European and Asian cultures?
A. Toronto. B. Hong Kong C. Istanbul. D. Singapore.
2. What is special about Toronto?
A. It covers the largest area of the four. B. The native people are in the majority.
C. I towns a range of street markets. D. It offers chances to experience festivals.
3. What do the four destinations have in common?
A. Cultural diversity. B. Unique architecture.
C. Convenient transport. D. Distinctive languages.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个夏季旅游目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Istanbul部分的“Istanbul is a city where two continents meet, Europe and Asia. It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. (伊斯坦布尔是欧洲和亚洲两大洲交汇的城市。它是一个文化大熔炉，受到希腊、罗马、拜占庭和奥斯曼帝国的影响。)”可知，在伊斯坦布尔游客能体验到古代欧洲和亚洲文化的融合。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toronto部分的“Toronto's cultural scene reflects this diversity, with numerous festivals celebrating different cultures, such as Caribana, the Toronto International Film Festival, and the Taste of the Danforth Greek festival(多伦多的文化景观反映了这种多样性，有许多庆祝不同文化的节日，例如Caribana，多伦多国际电影节和Danforth希腊节的味道)”可知，多伦多提供了体验节日的经历。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Singapore is an energetic multicultural city-state in Southeast Asia.(新加坡是东南亚一个充满活力的多元文化城邦。)”，第三段的“ It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. (它是一个文化大熔炉，受到希腊、罗马、拜占庭和奥斯曼帝国的影响。)”，第四段的“Hong Kong is a busy international city in China that combines Eastern and Western cultures. (香港是中国一个繁忙的国际城市，融合了东西方文化。)”以及第五段的“Toronto is Canada's largest city and is known for its multiculturalism and diversity.(多伦多是加拿大最大的城市，以其多元文化和多样性而闻名。)”可知，这四个城市都有文化的多样性。故选A。
B
Malala Yousafzai, the youngest Nobel Prizewinner, is a Pakistani teenage girl. And she is best known for her wonderful work promoting the education and rights of women and girls in Pakistan.
Born in 1997, Mala la grew up in the Swat Valley in northern Pakistan, where the leading party gained control in 2007, and education for girls and cultural activities like playing music and flying kites were banned (禁止).
Despite the dangers, Mala la continued to attend school and became an outspoken speaker for educational rights for girls in Pakistan. In 2012, at the age of 15, she was shot in the head on her way home from school.
Fortunately, Mala la survived the attack and continued her work from abroad, eventually becoming the youngest person ever to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, at the age of just 17.
Malala’s story proves the power of cultural diversity and the importance of fighting for equal rights and opportunities for all to the world. Her unshakable devotion to education and helping women and girls for their rights has inspired people around the world and serves as a reminder that even in the face of great adversities, change is possible.
In addition to her work, Mala la has also founded the Malala Fund, which aims to provide education and resources to girls in some of the world's least developed areas.
Today, Mala la continues to be a leading voice in the fight for equality and justice, and her story also serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of preserving and celebrating diversity in all its forms.
4. What does Mala la Yousafzai want most to achieve for girls in Pakistan?
A. Their rights for voting. B. Their access to schooling.
C. Their opportunities for jobs. D. Their chances for important positions.
5. What does the underlined word “adversities” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Times. B. Difficulties. C. Situations. D. Puzzles.
6. Which of the following can best describe Mala la Yousafzai?
A. Ambitious and energetic. B. Responsible and thoughtful.
C. Courageous and determined D. Pioneering and adventurous.
7. What does the text mainly focus on about Mala la?
A. Her surviving the killing. B. Her winning the Noble Peace Prize.
C. Her seeking for justice for her people. D. Her fighting for equal rights for females.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇短文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的一个著名女孩-—Malala Yousafzai。文章主要讲述了她为争取妇女平等而努力的事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Malala Yousafzai, the youngest Nobel Prizewinner, is a Pakistani teenage girl. And she is best known for her wonderful work promoting the education and rights of women and girls in Pakistan.(马拉拉·优素福扎伊是最年轻的诺贝尔奖得主，她是一名巴基斯坦少女。她最为人所知的是她在促进巴基斯坦妇女和女孩的教育和权利方面的出色工作)”可知，马拉拉·优素福扎伊为巴基斯坦女孩争取最大的利益是接受教育，故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据三段“Despite the dangers, Mala la continued to attend school and became an outspoken speaker for educational rights for girls in Pakistan. In 2012, at the age of 15, she was shot in the head on her way home from school.(尽管有危险，马拉拉继续上学，并成为巴基斯坦女孩受教育权的直言不讳的演讲者。2012年，15岁的她在放学回家的路上头部中弹)”以及划线词所在句“Her unshakable devotion to education and helping women and girls for their rights has inspired people around the world and serves as a reminder that even in the face of great adversities, change is possible.(她坚定不移地致力于教育事业，帮助妇女和女童争取权利，这激励了世界各地的人们，并提醒人们，即使面临巨大的adversities，变革也是可能的)”可知，马拉拉坚定不移为致力于教育事业，帮助妇女和女童，争取平等的权利，付出了艰辛和努力，因此推动她的事情激励人们，面对艰难困境也会有改变。由此可知，划线词与B项difficulties(困难)意思相近。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite the dangers, Mala la continued to attend school and became an outspoken speaker for educational rights for girls in Pakistan. In 2012, at the age of 15, she was shot in the head on her way home from school(尽管有危险，马拉拉继续上学，并成为巴基斯坦女孩受教育权的直言不讳的演讲者。2012年，15岁的她在放学回家的路上头部中弹)”和倒数第二段“In addition to her work, Mala la has also founded the Malala Fund, which aims to provide education and resources to girls in some of the world's least developed areas.(除了她的工作，马拉拉还成立了马拉拉基金，旨在为世界上一些最不发达地区的女孩提供教育和资源)”可知，尽管马拉拉遭遇危险，但是她并没有妥协，而是继续勇敢的为妇女权利而战。由此推知，她是勇敢并坚定的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Malala Yousafzai, the youngest Nobel Prizewinner, is a Pakistani teenage girl. And she is best known for her wonderful work promoting the education and rights of women and girls in Pakistan.(马拉拉·优素福扎伊是最年轻的诺贝尔奖得主，她是一名巴基斯坦少女。她最为人所知的是她在促进巴基斯坦妇女和女孩的教育和权利方面的出色工作)”和最后一段“In addition to her work, Mala la has also founded the Malala Fund, which aims to provide education and resources to girls in some of the world's least developed areas.(除了她的工作，马拉拉还成立了马拉拉基金，旨在为世界上一些最不发达地区的女孩提供教育和资源)”可推知，文章主要集中马拉拉为女性争取平等权利的事迹上。故选D。
C
Lightning(闪电) strikes more than eight million times a day worldwide. That’s about 93 times per second. What a phenomenon!
How hot is a lightning bolt? About 50, 000°F-five times hotter than the surface of the sun. Yes, it really can rain frogs, fish, and other decidedly odd things. It’s a rare meteorological(气象学的) event, but scientists say strong winds from a tornado or from a storm can be powerful enough to drive animals and objects high into the air, and they have to comedown eventually.
It is a bad idea to take a shower during a thunderstorm. If lightning hits your house, it can travel through your plumbing(管道设备) and shock anyone who comes into contact with water flowing through it. People have been shocked or killed while bathing, washing dishes and clothes. This is also why indoor pools often close during storms. Rubber tires are not what protect you from lightning when you’re in your car. You’re protected because when lightning hits a car, it travels around the outside of the metal structure to get to the ground. Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.
Lightning can strike the same place twice—and it often does, especially objects that are tall, pointy, and separated. The Empire State Building, for example, is hit almost 100 times a year, according to the CDC.
You can be struck by lightning even when it’s no training. About 10 percent of lightning strikes take place when there’s no rainfall. In the 1980s, NASA flew one airplane through 1.496 thunderstorms. It was struck by lightning more than 700 times. Today, a commercial airplane will be hit by lightning about once a year on average, typically with no ill effects. It has been decades since a U.S. airliner has crashed as a result of a lightning strike.
To deal with such a frequent phenomenon, every day, twice a day, weather trackers, at the same time, launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide. The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature, humidity(湿气), and wind speed, and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning.
8. What can lightning lead to according to the text?
A. Burning everything. B. Raining animals.
C. Shocking everybody outdoors. D. Hitting an object for once.
9. What is the right thing to do during a lightning strike?
A. Take abath at home. B. Swim in a pool.
C. Avoid metal things. D. Stand under at all tree.
10. What can be inferred from the text?
A. No sign of rainfall means no lightning.
B. Efforts have been made to keep aircraft safe.
C. Commercial planes can escape lightning hits.
D The Empire State Building faces most lightning strikes.
11. What reduces the damage of a lightning strike?
A. Lightning location. B. Measurement balloons.
C. Changing wind direction. D. Weather forecast and prediction.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章讨论了闪电的各个方面。闪电是一种世界范围内的常见现象，每天大约发生800万次，其温度可能比太阳表面还要高。这篇文章还强调了闪电的奇怪现象，以及提到了安全问题，最后，文章解释了气象追踪者发射气球来收集气象数据和预测闪电。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yes, it really can rain frogs, fish, and other decidedly odd things. (是的，它真的可以下青蛙、鱼和其他绝对奇怪的东西。)”可知，它真的可以下青蛙、鱼和其他绝对奇怪的东西。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Rubber tires are not what protect you from lightning when you're in your car. You're protected because when lightning hits a car, it travels around the outside of the metal structure to get to the ground. Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.(当你在车里的时候，橡胶轮胎并不能保护你免受雷击。你受到了保护，因为当闪电击中汽车时，它会绕过金属结构的外部到达地面。只是要小心不要碰里面的金属区域。)”可知，闪电的时候，要避免触碰金属区域。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“To deal with such a frequent phenomenon, every day, twice a day, weather trackers, at the same time, launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide. The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature, humidity(湿气), and wind speed, and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning.(为了应对这种频繁的现象，天气追踪者每天，每天两次，同时从全球近900个地点发射巨大的气球。这些气球测量地面上的天气数据，如温度、湿度和风速，并为气象学家提供重要信息，用于预测和预测闪电。)”可知，为了保证飞机的安全，已经做出了努力。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“To deal with such a frequent phenomenon, every day, twice a day, weather trackers, at the same time, launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide. The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature, humidity(湿气), and wind speed, and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning.(为了应对这种频繁的现象，天气追踪者每天，每天两次，同时从全球近900个地点发射巨大的气球。这些气球测量地面上的天气数据，如温度、湿度和风速，并为气象学家提供重要信息，用于预测和预测闪电。)”可知，天气预报和预测闪电能够减少雷击造成的伤害。故选D。
D
Twelve wants to make a great number of products greener by changing where the carbon used in their production comes from — taking it from carbon dioxide caught in the air instead of from the ground in the form of fossil fuels. “If we can take the basic carbon molecule (分子) and put new elements around it, in that case, it can be useful in industry,” says co-founder Etosha Cave, “we can basically shift what’s happening with our atmosphere and what’s happening with climate change.” Or, as her fellow co-founder Kendra Kuhl puts it: “Changing carbon changes everything.”
To achieve this transformation (转变), the company created a catalyst, something that breaks down carbon dioxide caught from the air into smaller atomic bits, such as carbon and oxygen, using water and electricity to recombine the elements and for mother carbon compounds (混合物) that make up the basis of a wide range of chemicals and fuels.
Twelve’s carbon transformation system can be added to existing producing processes and it send products used as a direct replacement for standard petrochemicals. That allows other companies to cut their dependence on fossil fuels in production.
“By sourcing carbon from carbon dioxide instead of fossil fuels, we can largely reduce our emissions (排放) while keeping the products we know and love,” says Cave. Brands are taking note. Twelve’s chemicals are currently being used to produce Mercedes-Benz car parts, a line of Pangaia sunglasses and soon.
Twelve also created his own sustainable (可持续的) fuels, E-Jet and E-Marine, which are used to power aircraft and ships.
12. What allows Twelve to make greener products?
A. Taking carbon from the air.
B. Transforming the forms of fossil fuels.
C. Fixing the climate and atmosphere problems.
D. Planting more trees for new chemical elements.
13. What’s the last procedure of carbon transformation?
A. Preparing water and electricity.
B. Collecting carbon dioxide from the air.
C. Separating carbon dioxide into smaller parts.
D. Rejoining elements like carbon and oxygen for the mixture.
14. What benefits can producers receive from Twelve’s system?
A. Reducing the costs of their products.
B. Making them better known to the world.
C. Being less dependent on fossil fuels than ever.
D. Creating more sustainable fuels for other fields.
15. What can be the best title for this article?
A. Twelve’s Great Achievements B. Green House Effect
C. Carbon Transformation System D. Limitations of Fossil Fuels
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Twelve公司新研究的碳转化系统，可以从空气中的二氧化碳中获取碳，而不是从化石燃料中获取，从而减少了化石燃料的使用，达到绿色生产的目的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Twelve wants to make a great number of products greener by changing where the carbon used in their production comes from — taking it from carbon dioxide caught in the air instead of from the ground in the form of fossil fuels.(Twelve希望通过改变生产过程中碳的来源，使大量产品更加环保——从空气中的二氧化碳中获取碳，而不是以化石燃料的形式从地面获取碳。)”可知，从空气中的二氧化碳中获取碳可以使Twelve公司生产出更环保的产品。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To achieve this transformation (转变), the company created a catalyst, something that breaks down carbon dioxide caught from the air into smaller atomic bits, such as carbon and oxygen, using water and electricity to recombine the elements and for mother carbon compounds (混合物) that make up the basis of a wide range of chemicals and fuels.(为了实现这一转变，该公司发明了一种催化剂，它可以将从空气中捕获的二氧化碳分解成更小的原子，如碳和氧，利用水和电将元素重新组合，并产生母碳化合物，这些化合物构成了广泛的化学品和燃料的基础。)”可知，碳转化的最后一个步骤应为：将碳和氧元素重新组合，产生化合物。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Twelve’s carbon transformation system can be added to existing producing processes and it send products used as a direct replacement for standard petrochemicals. That allows other companies to cut their dependence on fossil fuels in production.(Twelve的碳转化系统可以添加到现有的生产过程中，它可以直接替代标准的石化产品。这使得其他公司在生产中减少了对化石燃料的依赖。)”可知，Twelve公司的碳转化系统使得其他公司在生产中减少了对化石燃料的依赖。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，本文主要介绍了Twelve公司研究的碳转化系统，第一段介绍了其研究目的，第二、三段介绍了该系统的转化原理，第四段介绍了该系统带来的好处，最后一段简要提到了Twelve公司的其他研究。由此可知，C项“Carbon Transformation System (碳转化系统)”最能概括本文内容。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Top studying tips
If you frequently find yourself stuck in low efficiency though you spend a lot of time learning, the following strategies might be of great help to you.
Study in cycles
In the 1950s, the famous sleep researcher Nathaniel Kleitman discovered the Sleep Cycle._____16_____We actually fall in and out of deep sleep several times every night. If we decide to use an alarm to force ourselves awake before a cycle completes itself, we will wake up feeling extremely tired. What does this have to do with studying? Well, it turns out these cycles don't only happen while we are a sleep. We go through periods of increasing and decreasing focus and energy all day. _____17_____Theoretically (理论上) we should be able to get a better session (时段).This also means it's best to work in 90-minute period because after that our focus starts to decline.
Relax purposefully
Simply put, after every cycle where you decide to focus hard on something, you need to take a break and allow your mind to relax.____18____After you complete a hard set at the gym where you pushed your body to the limit, you need to wait a few minutes to regain your strength. The same thing applies to our mind. We need to spend 10 to 30 minutes of relaxing after a focus cycle, giving our brain a break.____19____.
____20____
If you feel like you are someone who is unable to focus even during the best 90-minute cycles throughout the day, some expert suggests practicing a simple mindfulness meditation (冥想) technique. Studies have found that doing this form of meditation for at least 13 minutes per session can sharply improve your ability to focus after just a few months.
A. Improve focus at times.
B. This is similar to working out.
C. Practice meditation per session.
D. If we keep a balance between study session and sleep cycle,
E. It turns out that our bodies go through 90 to 110 minute cycles while we sleep.
F. If we don't, chances are that our next session won't be as productive as we'd like.
G. So if we can time a study session with one of these cycles with our awareness increasing.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些提高学习效率的策略和方法。
【16题详解】
上文“In the 1950s, the famous sleep researcher Nathaniel Kleitman discovered the Sleep Cycle.”（在20世纪50年代，著名的睡眠研究者Nathaniel Kleitman发现了睡眠周期。）引出话题，提到睡眠周期。下文“We actually fall in and out of deep sleep several times every night.”（我们实际上每天晚上都会有好几次进入和退出深度睡眠。）具体介绍睡眠周期的情况。故可推断空格处内容为与睡眠周期相关。结合选项E项“事实证明，当我们睡觉时，我们的身体会经历90到110分钟的周期。”符合此推断，也是讲的关于睡眠周期的情况，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“We go through periods of increasing and decreasing focus and energy all day.”（我们一整天都在经历注意力和精力时而增加时而减少的时期。）说明注意力和精力的实时变化。结合选项G项“因此，如果我们能够利用这些周期中的一个来安排学习时间，我们的意识就会增强。”可知，和上文形成因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“After you complete a hard set at the gym where you pushed your body to the limit, you need to wait a few minutes to regain your strength.”（当你在健身房完成一组艰苦的训练后，你的身体达到了极限，你需要等几分钟来恢复你的力量。）可知，这里提到关于健身的内容。结合选项B项“这和健身很相似。”和下文内容一致，都是讲的关于健身的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“We need to spend 10 to 30 minutes of relaxing after a focus cycle, giving our brain a break.”（我们需要花10到30分钟的时间来放松，让我们的大脑休息一下。）说明大脑需要休息。结合选项F项“如果我们不这样做，很可能我们的下一个会议不会像我们希望的那样富有成效。”可知，和上文语意紧密连接，下文是对上文的语意递进。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“If you feel like you are someone who is unable to focus even during the best 90-minute cycles throughout the day, some expert suggests practicing a simple mindfulness meditation(冥想) technique. Studies have found that doing this form of meditation for at least 13 minutes per session can sharply improve your ability to focus after just a few months.”（如果你觉得自己是一个即使在一天中最好的90分钟周期中也无法集中注意力的人，一些专家建议练习一种简单的正念冥想技巧。研究发现，每次至少13分钟的冥想可以在短短几个月后显著提高你的注意力。）可知，讲的是一些专家建议练习一种简单的正念冥想技巧。结合选项C项“每次一段时间的冥想。”意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共3节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kazi Mannan, a restaurant owner, is known for feeding anyone whether they can pay for their meal or not. He lost his_____21_____for economic crisis(危机) resulting from the epidemic. Then the local community began_____22_____in the most generous way.
Since a regular customer _____23_____a campaign(活动) online for his restaurant, Mannan has received over $331,430 from more than 710 people. The_____24_____kept rolling in.
“I used to say ‘Don’t let anybody _____25_____, and pick them up, ’” Mannan said to his donors. “You picked me up. I have tears in my eyes...tears of joy. Thank you,_____26_____people.”
The streaming donations ____27____Mannan as the generous one. Months ago, he was serving up 80_____28_____meals to people in need every day. “Every time I saw people looking for food in rubbish, my heart _____29_____.” Mannan said. With the epidemic worsening, the streets of downtown became ______30______as people began working from home. He had to ______31______his restaurant.
Not knowing what to do, the regular customer decided to start a campaign for the popular restaurant in November last year. He posted, “We are looking to_____32_____this season, so the restaurant won't shutdown. Every cent is ______33______important in keeping this dream and important community resource alive, so please do what you can. We______34______your support and prayers.”
More than a month later, with the campaign still going, people were sure that the restaurant would make it through those difficult times. As the saying goes, one good ______35______deserves another.
21. A. job B. family C. business D. savings
22. A. giving B. whispering C. gathering D. struggling
23. A. assessed B. supported C. entrusted D. launched
24. A. comments B. donations C. advertisements D. congratulations
25. A. regret B. cry C. fall D. complain
26. A. generous B. independent C. responsible D. respectful
27. A. prepare B. consider C. see D. promise
28. A. cheap B. free C. tasty D. healthy
29. A. melt B. pounded C. raced D. sank
30. A. peaceful B. deserted C. odd D. orderly
31. A. promote B. rescue C. decorate D. close
32. A. get through B. go through C. turn to D. adapt to
33. A. nearly B. equally C. slightly D. simply
34. A. appreciate B. admit C. reward D. spread
35. A. choice B. moral C. turn D. principle
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了卡兹·曼南是一家餐馆的老板，他以给任何人提供食物而出名，无论他们是否付得起饭钱。由于疫情导致的经济危机，他失去了生意。然后，当地社区开始以最慷慨的方式给予他的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情导致的经济危机，他失去了生意。A. job工作；B. family家庭；C. business生意；D. savings储蓄。根据句意以及该句中的“for economic crisis(危机) resulting from the epidemic.”可推知，此处为由于疫情导致的经济危机，他失去了生意。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当地社区开始以最慷慨的方式给予。A. giving给予；B. whispering窃窃私语； C. gathering聚集；D. struggling斗争。根据句意以及该句中的“in the most generous way.”可推知，此处为当地社区开始以最慷慨的方式给予。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从一位老顾客在网上为他的餐厅发起活动以来，曼南已经从710多人那里收到了超过331,430美元的捐款。A. assessed评价；B. supported支持；C. entrusted委托；D. launched发动，发起。根据下文“Mannan has received over $331,430 from more than 710 people.”可推知，此处为自从一位老顾客在网上为他的餐厅发起活动以来，曼南已经从710多人那里收到了超过331,430美元的捐款。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：捐款源源不断。A. comments评论；B. donations捐款；C. advertisements广告；D. congratulations祝贺。根据上文“Mannan has received over $331,430 from more than 710 people.”可知，此处指的是捐款。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去常说，不要让任何人摔倒，把他们扶起来。A. regret后悔；B. cry哭泣； C. fall摔倒；D. complain抱怨，投诉。根据句意以及下文“and pick them up”可知，此处为不要让任何人摔倒，把他们扶起来。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你们，慷慨的人们。A. generous慷慨的；B. independent独立的；C. responsible负责的；D. respectful尊敬的。根据上文“in the most generous way.”以及“I have tears in my eyes... tears of joy.”可推知，此处为谢谢你们，慷慨的人们。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从源源不断的捐款来看，曼南是一个慷慨的人。A. prepare准备；B. consider认为；C. see看；D. promise承诺。根据句意以及该句中的“Mannan as the generous one.”可推知，此处为从源源不断的捐款来看，曼南是一个慷慨的人。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月前，他每天为有需要的人提供80份免费餐点。A. cheap便宜的；B. free免费的；C. tasty美味的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文提到的曼南是一个慷慨的人，以及该句中的“people in need every day.”可推知，此处为他每天为有需要的人提供80份免费餐点。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次看到人们在垃圾中寻找食物，我的心都沉了下来。A. melt融化；B. pounded砰砰直跳；C. raced参加比赛，跑；D. sank下沉。根据上文“Every time I saw people looking for food in rubbish,”可知，此处为每次看到人们在垃圾中寻找食物，我的心都沉了下来（心里很难受）。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着疫情的加重，人们开始在家工作，市中心的街道变得空荡荡的。A. peaceful平静的；B. deserted空无一人的；C. odd奇怪的；D. orderly有序的。 根据上文“With the epidemic worsening”以及下文“as people began working from home.”可知，此处为随着疫情的加重，人们开始在家工作，市中心的街道变得空荡荡的。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不得不关闭他的餐馆。A. promote促进；B. rescue拯救；C. decorate装饰；D. close关闭。根据上文提到的市中心的街道变得空荡荡的，可知，此处为他不得不关闭他的餐馆。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他写道：“我们正在努力度过这一季，这样餐厅就不会关门。A. get through努力度过；B. go through经历；C. turn to转向，求助于；D. adapt to适应。根据下文“so the restaurant won't shutdown.”可推知，此处为我们正在努力度过这一季，这样餐厅就不会关门。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：每一分钱对于保持这个梦想和重要的社区资源都同样重要，所以请尽你所能。A. nearly几乎，差不多；B. equally同样地；C. slightly稍微，轻微地；D. simply简单地。根据该句中的“important in keeping this dream and important community resource alive”以及下文“so please do what you can.”可推知，此处为每一分钱对于保持这个梦想和重要的社区资源都同样重要，所以请尽你所能。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们感谢你们的支持和祈祷。A. appreciate感谢；B. admit承认；C. reward奖励；D. spread传播。根据句意以及该句中的“your support and prayers.”可知，此处为我们感谢你们的支持和祈祷。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：俗话说，善有善报。A. choice选择；B. moral道德；C. turn（影响他人的）举止，行为；D. principle原则。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为谚语one good turn deserves another“善有善报”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
第二节 短文填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
My name is Sarah Williams. I would like to share with you the story of how music____36____(have) an impact on my life.
Have you ever faced _____37_____time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all? Two years ago, I____38____(tell) that I had a serious disease_____39_____was difficult to cure. My body ached all the time and thus I thought I didn't have much longer to live. I was very afraid and I felt so alone and _____40_____(discourage). Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment. The doctor wanted me to relax,_____41_____he had me listen to some music, and one of the songs was “Happy”. The song made me feel so much _____42_____(good) that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. John A. Logan said, “Music is the medicine of the mind.” And it's true. Music helped me recover.
Music gave me happiness. When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave me strength and brought me relief. It was the rock I leant on____43____(become) strong and to get through those hard times. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of _____44_____(satisfy). It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement _____45_____the deepest part of my being.
【答案】36. has had
37. a 38. was told
39. that##which
40. discouraged
41. so 42. better
43. to become
44. satisfaction
45 to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者莎拉·威廉姆斯分享音乐对她生活的影响。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我想和你们分享音乐是如何影响我的生活的故事。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，此处应为过去动作对现在的影响，应为现在完成时，主语music为单数意义名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填has had。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：你是否曾经面对过这样的时刻：事情看起来很黑暗，你完全没有希望？根据句意以及空后time为单数名词可知，此处表示泛指“一个时刻”为泛指概念，结合time为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：两年前，有人告诉我，我得了一种难以治愈的重病。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，I和动词tell为被动关系，结合Two years ago可知，此处为过去时，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was told。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：两年前，有人告诉我，我得了一种难以治愈的重病。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词disease，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that / which引导的定语从句。故填that / which。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我非常害怕，感到孤独和沮丧。由and连接的alone为形容词以及felt为系动词可知，此处为也应为形容词形式作表语，表示“沮丧的”，应用-ed结尾的形容词discouraged作表语。故填discouraged。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：医生想让我放松一下，所以他让我听了一些音乐，其中一首是《快乐》。根据句意可知，此处为连词so表示“所以”连接上下文，符合句意逻辑。故填so。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这首歌让我感觉好多了，从那时起，我开始一直听音乐。根据句意以及空前much可知，此处为形容词比较级形式，构成much better“好很多”，满足句意要求。故填better。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它是我依靠的磐石，让我变得坚强，让我度过那些艰难的时光。分析句子可知，I leant on__8____(become) strong and to get through those hard times为省略关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the rock，即I leant on the rock____(become) strong and to get through those hard times,根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式形式表示目的，和to get through构成并列动词不定式结构。故填to become。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，音乐给了我希望和满足感。由空前a sense of可知，此处为名词形式，构成a sense of satisfaction“一种满足感”，满足句意要求。故填satisfaction。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：它对我内心深处说着鼓励的话。根据句意以及空后the deepest part为名词短语可知，此处为介词to表示“对着”，满足句意要求，speak...to固定搭配，意为“对……说……”。故填to。
第三节 句子翻译（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
根据汉语和括号内的提示，翻译下列句子。
46. 然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。（realise，不定式）
However, some scientists were determined to_______________________.
【答案】to help humans realize their dream to explore space
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。be determined to do为固定句型，意为“下定决心去做某事”，此处使用不定式结构作状语。表示“帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想”用help humans realize their dream to explore space，其中realize意为“实现”。 to explore space作后置定语。故答案为to help humans realize their dream to explore space。
47. 节日让我们了解我们来自何方、我们是谁、我们应该感恩什么。（appreciate, and）
Festivals help us understand where we came from, ___________________________.
【答案】who we are, and what we appreciate.##who we are, and what to appreciate.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和并列句。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，此处为and连接的并列宾语从句结构，表示“我们是谁”为可译为who we are；表示“我们应该感恩什么”可译为what we/to appreciate。故填who we are, and what we/to appreciate。
48. 中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了重大的作用。（Dr Lin Qiaozhi，分词作宾补）
The new People's Republic of China_______________________________.
【答案】saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、非谓语动词和时态。根据句意以及句子要求提示可知，此处为see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，为非谓语动词中的现在分词作宾补成分；表示“发挥了重大的作用”应为动词短语play a key role，结合句意可知，该句为陈述过去发生的事情，所以为一般过去时。故答案为：saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role。
49. 唐人街的大部分居民仍然是华裔，他们中的许多人英语说得并不流利。（定语从句）
The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, _________________________.
【答案】many of whom do not speak English fluently
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，先行词ethnic Chinese在从句中作many of“许多”的宾语，所以为关系代词whom；表示“流利地”为副词fluently作状语修饰动词speak“说”，因该句表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时。故填many of whom do not speak English fluently。
50. 50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，被困在家里，只有电脑相伴。（with复合结构）
At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home，____________.
【答案】with only her computer to keep her company
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构。根据汉语提示，表示“只有电脑相伴”构成with的复合结构，即with only her computer to keep her company，该结构中名词前her computer有only进行限定修饰，后面宾补结构使用不定式结构。表示将要。故答案为with only her computer to keep her company。
第四部分 书面表达（满分30分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假设你是李华，你校英语俱乐部针对目前社会上存在不惜代价追求财富的现象，以“My View on Money”为题向学生征稿，请你写一篇英语短文应征。内容包括：
1.描述社会现状；
2.提出你的观点，并加以论证；
3.你的呼吁。
注意：
1.词数为80词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3.如书写较差影响理解，降一个档次给分。
My View on Money
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My View on Money
Truly, enough money can offer us a life of comfort and security. However, it’s worrying that some people make every attempt to seek their fortune at any cost nowadays. Personally, money is not everything.
Firstly, as the saying goes, money is a good servant and a bad master. Indeed, we can take advantage of money to live a desired life rather than live at the mercy of it and get ourselves lost. Secondly, considering money as everything, we are more than likely to lose a lot of things like health, friendship, and love. Finally, the endless desire for money is to drive a countless number of people to break the law and risk their lives, which will never end well. Therefore, treating money just as a necessary tool reasonably to achieve our goal can be a stepping-stone to happiness..
In closing, just as the saying goes, a gentleman makes money by honourable means and uses it sensibly. So, I strongly insist that money is something that can be counted but not always counts.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校英语俱乐部针对目前社会上存在不惜代价追求财富的现象，以“My View on Money”为题向学生征稿，写一篇英语短文应征。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：offer→ provide
利用：take advantage of →make use of
必要的：necessary→ essential
因此：therefore→hence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Indeed, we can take advantage of money to live a desired life rather than live at the mercy of it and get ourselves lost.
拓展句：Indeed, we can take advantage of money ,which can make us to live a desired life rather than live at the mercy of it and get ourselves lost.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Finally, the endless desire for money is to drive a countless number of people to break the law and risk their lives, which will never end well.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Secondly, considering money as everything, we are more than likely to lose a lot of things like health, friendship, and love.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词形式作状语。）
第二节 读后续写（满分15分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数应为80左右。
When most of us get a text message on our cellphone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, wrong number!” and move on. But when Dennis, a photographer who has recorded countless touching moments for thousands of customers, received a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something special. This is how the story goes.
On March 19, Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby.
“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis responded politely. The baby was born and update texts were coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her excitement, she didn't seem to realize that she was sharing the baby's photos with a complete stranger. And seconds later in came the photos of the baby and the new parents, wearing perhaps the happiest expression in the world. Dennis was about to ignore the coming messages when here called those touching moments that he recorded with his camera and the similar shining faces from his customers. “Well, I don’t know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis. He even forgot to ask which room the new parents were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise! One Sunny Sunday morning, he turned up before the family at the hospital, bearing gifts for the new mother and her baby boy. The husband was totally astonished by the unexpected visit. Dennis explained his reasons sincerely and then took pictures with the family, enjoying an unforgettable time with them. After that, Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website, which was accompanied by the touching words, “What a blessing this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the attention of social media users all over the world. The increasing shares and countless likes have witnessed the strong connection and happiness between strangers brought by the newly-born baby. Sometimes a small deed can make a big difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了摄影师丹尼斯收到了一条发错对象的婴儿出生的短信。他没有忽视这个问题，而是决定去医院，给这对新父母拍下他们的孩子，给他们一个惊喜。在这次意外的拜访之后，他们在一起的照片被发布在社交媒体上，引起了人们的关注并迅速传播开来，这表明小小的善举可以创造巨大的联系和幸福。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“令全家人惊讶的是，丹尼斯信守了他的诺言！”可知，本段可以描写丹尼斯信守承诺，前来探望新生儿，并且携带礼物，同时可以描述新生儿父母的反应，以及上传探望照片之后引起的网络热议。
2.续写线索：探望新生儿——新生儿父母惊讶——上传照片——引起反响——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①出现：turn up/appear
②获得：gain/obtain
③上传：post/upload
情绪类
①激动：astonished/shocked
②真挚地解释：explain sth. sincerely/explain sth. with great sincerity
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Dennis explained his reasons sincerely and then took pictures with the family, enjoying an unforgettable time with them. （使用现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]. What a blessing this young man was to our family! （使用感叹句结构）
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