高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration优秀综合训练题

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To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full control of one's life. Then one will find one's life full of color and flavor.彻悟了自己，你才能把握自己的生命，你的生活才会丰富多彩、有滋有味!
单元知识回顾及优化集训
目标导航

重点词汇
阅读单词
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
3．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
4．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
5．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号
6．chin n．下巴
7．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
8．identical adj.相同的
9．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译
10．waist n．腰；腰部
11．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
12．internal adj.内部的；里面的
13．pose n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
14．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
15．chest n．胸部；胸膛
16．ultimately adv.最终；最后
17．component n．组成部分；零件
18．tone n．语气；腔调；口吻
19．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
20．intervene vi.干预；介入
重点单词
1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
2．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
3．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
4．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头)
5．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
6．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
7．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
8．bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
9．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
10．tendency n．趋势；倾向
11．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
12．imply vt.意味着；暗示
13．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视
14．ceiling n．天花板；上限
15．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
16．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
17．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便
18．weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪
19．conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触
20．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
词汇拓展
1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类
3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用
5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异
6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的
7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定
11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育
12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的
13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业
14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的
16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用
重点词组
1．by contrast相比之下
2．by comparison(与……)相比较
3．make inferences推理；推断
4．break down消除；分解；打破
5．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6．in other words换句话说；也就是说
7．call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
8．at work有某种影响；在工作
重点句型
1．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can break down barriers.
微笑能够帮助我们度过困境，并在满是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以消除隔阂。
2．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情就是看到好朋友的笑脸。
3．Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。
4．With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴，非常专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。



知识精讲

知识点01 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In my class the students vary height 100 cm to 120 cm.
(2)In our daily life，we will come across (vary) barriers，so we should try to break them down.
【答案】1.in ，from 2.various
•vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth.在某方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
•a variety of＝varieties of＝various多种多样的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)文学社推荐了各种各样的好书，鼓励我们从阅读中获得乐趣。
The Literature Society recommended a variety of/varieties of/various good books，encouraging us to get pleasure out of reading.
(4)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。
①I have a number of hobbies，varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.(非谓语动词)
②I have a number of hobbies，which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano.(定语从句)
知识点2 approve vi.赞成，同意vt.批准；通过

先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved .
(2)Last month the Ministry of Education (approve) a new policy.
(3)My son made a decision on his own without my (approve)．
【答案】1.of2.approved3.approval
•approve of赞成，同意
approve sth.批准某事
•approval n．赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准
give one’s approval to sth.批准某事
•approving adj.赞许的；许可的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译/完成句子·背诵
(4)如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文之感谢信)
①We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(approve)
②We would be grateful if you could give approval to our proposal.(approval)
(5)既然您赞成我的主意，我就详细地向您介绍一下。
Now that you have approved of my idea，I will introduce it to you in detail.
知识点3 favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t favour of his opinion.
(2)When I take photos，I favour (pose) in this way for a photograph.
【答案】1.in 2.posing
•favour sth./doing sth.较喜欢某事/做某事
•ask sb.a favour ＝ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙
owe sb.a favour欠某人的人情
in favour of赞成；支持；主张
in one’s favour对某人有利
•favourable adj.有利的；赞许的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我写这封信，希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。(应用文之求助信)
I’m writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview.

知识点4 occupy vt.占用；占领；占据
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a matter of fact，it is reading that (occupy) most of my spare time.
(2)Having retired from business，he is occupied the welfare of the disabled now.
(3)The educator has been so occupied in (prepare) for the exams that he hasn’t had time to go shopping.
【答案】1.occupies2.with 3.preparing
•occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事；专心(做)某事
•occupied adj.已占用的；无空间的
be occupied with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事
•occupation n．占领；职业

再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(4)(普通表达)Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.
①(高级表达)Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②(高级表达)Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
知识点5 ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)She was ashamed being late for such an important meeting.
(2)It is shame that my plan hasn’t been approved.
【答案】1.of 2.a
•be/feel ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth.羞于/耻于做某事
•shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
•shameful adj.可耻的
shameless adj.不知羞耻的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
①I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were piercing(刺穿) my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that句型改写)
②So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.
(用so...that句型的倒装形式改写)
知识点6 adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)To our relief，our daughter soon adjusted herself the new surroundings.
(2)Some schools will make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
【答案】1.to 2.adjustments
•adjust (oneself) to doing sth.适应做某事；使某人自己适应……
adjust...to...调整……以适应……
•adjustment n．调整；适应
make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整
•adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。(应用文之道歉信)
①I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust)
②I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time，which caused great inconvenience to you.(adjustment，定语从句)
知识点7 break down分解；(机器)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；消除；打破
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中break down的汉语意思
(1)The car broke down on the way to the airport.出故障
(2)The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败
(3)In other words，your health will break down if you work too hard.(身体)垮掉
(4)You should break down your methods so that each method does a particular task.分解
(5)Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them.消除
break away (from)离开；脱离
break in (不及物)插嘴；闯入
break into(及物)闯入；突然……起来
break out爆发
break up分散；拆散；驱散；分手
break through取得突破；克服

再提能力——根据句意用break短语的正确形式填空
(6)He drew a conclusion that a war would soon.
(7)When the father saw his lost child safe，he tears.
(8)The boy and the girl had serious conflicts，so they .
(9)The educator hasn’t in his teaching so far.
【答案】6.break out7.broke into8.broke up9.broken through
知识点8 call on访问；要求；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中call on的汉语意思
(1)I sincerely call on you to take exercise for at least 20 minutes every day.要求
(2)I have an appointment with my best friend and I will call on her next Sunday.拜访
call up 给……打电话；(使)想起
call off＝cancel取消
call for(公开)要求；需要
call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回
call at sp.拜访(地点)

再提能力——根据句意用call短语的正确形式填空
(3)The picture he showed me memories of our class trip.
(4)The conference had been ，so we went home instead.
(5)Sometimes situations us to be strong and brave.
【答案】3.called up4.called off5.call for
知识点9 部分否定
Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。
•部分否定：当all，both，each，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，构成了部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。
•全部否定：neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no longer，no way，not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成“全部否定”。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)我同意你说的大部分内容，但并非同意你讲的一切。
I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with everything that you said.
(2)汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。
Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but neither of them wants to，because they have work to do.
(3)他被授予这次比赛的一等奖，尽管似乎不是所有的人都同意。
He was awarded the first prize in the competition，though not all of the people seemed to agree.

分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
一.单词拼写
1．Ocean color from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton(浮游植物)．
2．You can trust him.His information comes from a source.
3．Could you do me a and pick up Sam from school today?
4．Workers (反应) angrily to the latest news of more job losses at the factory.
5．Why are you staring at me？Are you (暗示) that I am wrong?
6．I saw three camp beds，two of which were (占据)．
7．Nurses need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal
(焦虑) their patients may be experiencing.
8．Research suggests that babies learn to see by (区分) between areas of light and dark.
【答案】1.varies 2.reliable 3.favour 4.reacted5.implying6.occupied7.anxiety8.distinguishing
二.单句语法填空
1．The private sector(部门)， contrast，has plenty of money to spend.
2．The chairman has also given his (approve) to an investigation into the sea.
3．While the other children (interact) and played together，Ted just ignored them.
4．Because a college community differs the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.
5．Mother’s love is beyond (compare) and nothing can replace it in the world.
6．For the past three years he has been employed a firefighter.
7．He was filled with (angry) at the way he had been treated.
8．You should be ashamed yourself for telling such lies.
9．The Central Bank has (low) interest rates by 2%.
10．He was (bare) 20 years old and already running his own company.
【答案】1.by 2.approval3.interacted4.from 5.comparison6.as 7.anger8.of 9.lowered10.barely
三.完成句子
1． arouses people’s anger.
他对待那只狗的方式激起了人们的愤怒。
2． than this one.
这将是你所体验的最有趣的旅行。
3．She was hit by a car on her way to work and .
上班路上她被车撞到了，膝盖受了伤。
4． take physical exercise in their spare time.
并不是我们学校的所有学生都在业余时间参加体育锻炼。
5． for this disease to run in families.
这种疾病有在家庭里遗传的趋势。
【答案】1.The way (that/in which) he treats the dog 2.You won’t experience a more interesting tour3.had her knee hurt4.Not all the students in our school5.There is a tendency
四.单元语法——完成句子
1．Someone suggests every day to keep healthy.
有人建议每天至少喝8杯水以保持健康。
2．If the TV ，please let me know as soon as possible.
如果这台电视需要修理的话，请尽快通知我。
3．It is difficult to imagine .
很难想象他娶了这么丑的一个女人。
4．What made me angry is on purpose.
让我生气的是他故意打碎了我的杯子。
5．What worries me most is every night.
让我非常担心的是她每天晚上都熬夜到很晚。
【答案】1. drinking at least eight glasses of water2. needs repairing/to be repaired3.his marrying such an ugly woman4. his breaking my glass5. her staying up too late
题组B 能力提升练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Say thank you for simple things
1．____________ (express) gratitude is an important form of good manners.Everyone likes to be praised and 2.____________ (appreciate)．Gratitude is one of the greatest virtues (美德)，3.____________ lets others smile and makes the world more beautiful.You just need several minutes to write down a thank－you note，4.____________ it brings much joy to the receiver.
Try to write a thank－you letter to your parents for working hard 5.____________ (offer) you a happy life.Be grateful to your teachers because of their help with your studies and character building.Say thanks to your friends who shared both your happiness and 6.____________________ (sad)．We are sure 7.____________ will bring them much joy to receive your gratitude.
We live in a society where we enjoy the different 8.____________ (service) of others.But none of them should be taken for granted.Up to now more and more people in China 9.____________ (find) it’s time to cultivate (培养) a 10.____________ (thank) heart for the good others do.
【语篇解读】　本文阐述了人要学会感激的道理。
1．Expressing　【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，________ (express) gratitude是句子的主语，因此应用动词－ing形式短语作主语。
2．appreciated　【解析】考查被动语态。like to do sth表示“喜欢做某事”，此处表示“被赏识”，且句中的and连接两个并列成分，故应填appreciated。
3．which　【解析】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，句中缺少主语，且先行词为Gratitude，指物，故用which。
4．but　【解析】考查连词。根据“just need several minutes to write down”和“it brings much joy”可知前后是转折关系，故用but。
5．to offer　【解析】考查动词不定式。父母努力工作的目的是给你幸福的生活，因此此处应用不定式作目的状语。
6．sadness　【解析】考查词性转换。此处and连接两个名词，根据your happiness可知，空处应填sad的名词形式。
7．it　【解析】考查代词。分析句子结构可知，sure后是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语。由语境可知，真正的主语是to receive your gratitude，故此处应用it作形式主语。
8．services　【解析】考查名词复数。由句中的different可知此处用名词复数。
9．have found　【解析】考查时态。up to now表示“直到现在”，故句子应用现在完成时。
10．thankful　【解析】考查形容词。空处修饰名词heart，因此用其形容词形式。


题组C 培优拔尖练
C
As more Europeans arrived in America 500 years ago，they were in such great need of the land that they and the native American Indians battled constantly.By the end of the 19th century，most Indian tribes (部落) were moved to reservations.A lot of their children were taken away to boarding schools to learn to speak English.By the end of the 20th century，more than half of the Native Americans in the US were living in cities.They gave up speaking their old tribal language and only used English.As a result，many Native American languages disappeared and with that their culture.
Today some American Indian languages are usually spoken by the older members of the tribes who still live on the reservations.In North America there are 150—170 languages that have at least one speaker.One ancient language spoken by the Northern Paiute tribe has over 100 speakers.
But the good news is that some of these people are keeping their culture and language alive.They are also receiving help from the National Geographic Society’s Enduring Voices project，whose aim is to help languages around the world which are dying out.The team meets these “last speakers”．The experts interview them and they are recorded with video，pictures and so on.They also tell old stories which are written down in English so people can learn more about the cultures.
Recording the language and culture is only part of the project.The next stage is to pass on the language to the next generation.The Salish tribe is an excellent example of how schools can help.The tribe lives on the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana.Their language is spoken by about 50 people aged over 75.So now，the local people have set up a school.It has 30 students aged two to twelve during the day and there are also courses for adults in the evening.
【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文，介绍了美洲印第安人的语言和文化正在逐渐消失，为了传承这些语言和文化，专家们和印第安人部落正在采取措施，比如将印第安人语言录制下来，开办学校教授这些语言等。
1．Why did Europeans fight with the American Indians?
A．To live in American cities.
B．To occupy more living space.
C．To have Indians speak English.
D．To make Indian cultures disappear.
B　【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As more Europeans...they were in such great need of the land that they and the native American Indians battled constantly”信息可知，欧洲人是为了获得更多的生存空间，才会不停地与美洲印第安人打仗。
2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A．The experts. B．The recordings.
C．The Indian cultures. D．The last speakers.
D　【解析】代词指代题。本句前面谈到能讲美洲当地语言的人很少了，专家们就采访能说这些语言的人，并录像或拍照保存下来；本句是说“这批最后的语言使用者”还讲述自己文化中古老的故事，这些故事被用英语记载下来，以便让更多的人了解他们的文化。可见这里的“They”指代的是前面谈到的“last speakers”。
3．What can we know about the Salish tribe?
A．It has its own language school.
B．It has given up speaking English.
C．Its next generation speaks English.
D．Its language is only learnt by adults.
A　【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Their language is spoken by about 50 people aged over 75.So now，the local people have set up a school”信息可知，Salish部落现在有自己的语言学校，教孩子们学习自己的部落语言，还给成年人提供夜校语言课程。故选A。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Learning American Indian Languages
B．Researching on American Indian Languages
C．Saving American Indian Languages
D．Finding Lost American Indian Languages
C　【解析】标题判断题。本文主要谈到了美洲印第安人的语言在逐渐消失，专家们和印第安人部落正在采取措施保护这些语言。故选C。
D
A large male emperor penguin waddles (蹒跚行走) slowly across the ice to the water.He dives deep into the cold salt water and then springs back onto the ice.Nearby a female penguin sleeps as her baby rests on the top of her feet.The penguins are enjoying another beautiful day of sunshine and freezing temperatures in the Penguin Encounter，a special home built for them in sunny California.
The Penguin Encounter is located at SeaWorld in San Diego.It was built to help study the emperor penguin，the largest of all penguins.The emperor penguins’ natural home is in the Antarctic，near the South Pole.Increases in Earth’s temperatures could cause large amounts of ice to break up.Scientists feared that this drastic (剧烈的) change in the environment could destroy the emperor penguins’ nesting areas.This would cause the number of emperor penguins to greatly decrease.A new home for them seemed to be the perfect solution.
Scientists wanted to make the Penguin Encounter a comfortable home for the black－and－white feathered birds.A team of scientists was sent to the Antarctic to learn more about the emperor penguins.Scientist Frank Todd led the team.Todd is an expert on penguins.He has spent more than 25 years studying them.
Getting close to the emperor penguins in the Antarctic wasn’t difficult for the group of scientists.Sometimes they would waddle close to Todd and his team.The scientists concluded that this behavior could be the result of poor eyesight.Penguins are nearsighted，which allows them to see better in the water than on land.Another possible reason for their behavior was that they had little to fear on the ice.Their enemies，such as leopard seals and killer whales，hunt mainly in the water.
Todd and his team spent many months studying the diet and social habits of the emperor penguins.It was easy to get close to the penguins，but it wasn’t easy to study them.
In the Antarctic，the temperature rarely rises above zero degree，which is perfect for penguins，but not for scientists.Once Todd and his team had finally gathered enough information，they made plans for a new home in California for a number of emperor penguins.Scientists hoped to study the birds in conditions that were more scientist－friendly.When the “new Antarctic” was completed，Todd and his team brought several hundred emperor penguins to California from the Antarctic.
【语篇解读】　科学家在圣地亚哥为原本生活在南极的皇企鹅建造了一个新家园，以便更方便地研究皇企鹅。
1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word in the first paragraph?
A．Moves. B．Jumps.
C．Holds. D．Flies.
B　【解析】词义猜测题。从上下文可知，这里应该是讲这只皇企鹅跳回了冰面上，故选B。]
2．Why did scientists need to study penguins in the Antarctic before building the Penguin Encounter?
A．They were afraid that the emperor penguins’ homes would be destroyed.
B．They wanted the Penguin Encounter just to be like the emperor penguins’ natural home.
C．They wanted to see how the emperor penguins reacted to the rising temperatures.
D．They knew it would take long to gather enough emperor penguins for the Penguin Encounter.
B　【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段可知，科学家想让Penguin Encounter成为适合皇企鹅居住的舒适家园，而为了达到这个目的，他们要先去南极地区了解皇企鹅的生活习性，这样才能使Penguin Encounter的环境更加适合皇企鹅。
3．Why do emperor penguins have little to fear on the ice?
A．It is easy to see their enemies on the white ice.
B．Their enemies usually hunt in the water.
C．They can easily escape on the smooth ice.
D．It is too cold for other animals to survive on the ice.
B　【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段最后一句可知，皇企鹅的敌人通常会在水下捕食，因此在冰面上的时候它们并不怎么害怕。
4．The passage mainly emphasizes ________．
A．scientists working as a team in the Antarctic
B．a science team finding a way to stop global warming
C．how to protect the emperor penguins at SeaWorld
D．scientists building a special home to learn more about the emperor penguins
D　【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，科学家在圣地亚哥为原本生活在南极的皇企鹅建设了一个新家园，以便更方便地研究皇企鹅，因此应选D项。