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人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT课时学案
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这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT课时学案，共17页。
1 cmmit [课本义]vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) [增补义]vt.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)
①He was cmmitted t practising/practise(practise) this instrument s that within a cuple f mnths he was playing reasnably well.
②(2019·天津卷)Hwever, we can achieve meaning nly if we have made a cmmitment t smething larger than ur wn little egs(自我)．
③(2021·天津卷)This requires cmmitment(cmmit) t a particular ccupatin, branch f study r research.
On a summer evening, all thse lng, hard hurs f wrk and cmmitment(所有这些漫长而艰苦的付出和奉献) finally bre fruit.
◎cmmit neself t ding/d sth.专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事
◎cmmitted adj.尽心尽力的；尽责的；坚定的
◎be cmmitted t (ding/d) sth.承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
◎cmmitment n．投入；奉献；承诺
◎make a cmmitment t (ding/d) sth.保证/承诺做某事
◎cmmit an errr/a crime/suicide做错事/犯罪/自杀
◎be cmmitted t prtecting the interests f the public承诺保护公众利益
◎make a cmmitment t keep wrking tgether承诺继续合作
2 acknwledge vt.[课本义]承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 [增补义]接受；告知已收到
①He is widely acknwledged t be (be) the best tennis player in the wrld.
②The cmpany sent me an email yesterday, acknwledging(acknwledge) my request.
③Althugh “Dn't judge a bk by its cver” is an ld prverb widely acknwledged(acknwledge), peple still fall int the trap f “gd appearances” easily.
He strde excitedly t the windw and stuck his head ut f it t acknwledge the cheering crwd(向欢呼的人群致谢)．
◎ be/as...认为……是……；承认……是……
◎acknwledge ding/having dne sth.承认做了某事
◎acknwledge that...承认……
◎It is universally/widely acknwledged that...大家公认……
◎acknwledge the need fr refrm承认改革的必要性
◎acknwledge the applause with a bw鞠躬致谢掌声
◎be widely acknwledged as the wrld's greatest living scientist被公认为是当今最伟大的科学家
3 insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
①He insisted n walking(walk) me t the statin t see me ff，which nearly mved me t tears.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ改)But ur insisting it is(be) merely a windw has kept them frm attempting millins f requests t pen the dr.
③I tld her she shuldn't swim after a whle night's cughing, but she refused t give up and insisted she (shuld) g(g)．
(普通表达)We can stay healthy bth physically and mentally nly when we insist n wrking ut regularly.
(高级表达)Only when we insist n wrking ut regularly can we stay healthy bth physically and mentally.
◎insist n sth.坚决要求……；坚持……
◎insist n (sb./ne's) ding sth.坚决要求(某人)做某事；执意(某人)做某事
◎insist that...(从句用陈述语气)坚持说；认为
◎insist that sb.(shuld)d...(从句用虚拟语气)坚决要求；主张
◎insist n mutual recgnitin and regard坚持相互认可、相互尊重
◎insist n paying fr the damage坚持要赔偿损失
◎insist n us/ur eating healthy fd坚持要我们吃健康食品
4 cnsequence n．[课本义]结果；后果 [增补义]重要性
①Partly as a cnsequence f this limited time, ver half f all American hmes nw have micrwave vens.
②This belief has led thse cuntries t neglect their manufacturing sectr, with negative cnsequences(cnsequence) fr their ecnmies.
③Cnsequently(cnsequent), she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
(普通表达)She was ver age limit and, as a result, her applicatin was rejected.
(高级表达)She was ver age limit and, in cnsequence/as a cnsequence, her applicatin was rejected.
◎as a cnsequence因此；结果
◎as a cnsequence f由于
◎in cnsequence因此；结果
◎(n/little)f cnsequence(不)重要的
◎cnsequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的
◎cnsequently adv.因此；结果
◎a man f cnsequence in his village他村里举足轻重的人物
◎in cnsequence f falling birth rates由于出生率下降
◎have disastrus cnsequences fr the envirnment给环境带来灾难性后果
5 take up开始从事；担任(职务)；占据；占用；继续；拿起；接受
①I put the telephne dwn and tk up my wrk again.继续
②Peter will take up his pst as head f the travel agency at the end f next mnth.担任
③Smart phnes nt nly take up ur valuable time, but als d great harm t ur health.占用
④After he retired frm ffice, Rger tk up painting fr a while, but sn lst interest.开始学习
As far as the eye culd see, everything tk n a glden clr(呈现出金黄色) till the last ray f the setting sun disappeared.
◎take dwn写下；记下；拆除
◎take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
◎take ff脱掉；起飞；腾飞；休假
◎take n呈现；雇用；承担
◎take ver接管；接收；接任；控制
◎take in what he is saying明白他在说什么
◎expect her career t take ff期待她的事业腾飞
◎take ver the jb as sn as pssible尽快接管工作
6 [教材原句]Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize，she said，“The hnur is nt just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
①Upn hearing(hear) the teacher's talk, the children prbably felt that it sunded t gd t be true.
②Students are cllected frm the airprt upn their arrival(arrive) and brught t their accmmdatin in cmfrt.
③The instant the spacecraft landed safely, the previusly silent launching center burst int great jy.
Upn his return hme(一回到家), he made a rush t his mther and giggled, “Happy birthday, mm! I lve yu！”
“upn/n ding”或“upn/n (ne's) ＋名词”是介词短语用作时间状语，意为“一……就……”。表示“一……就……”的结构还有：the minute；the mment；the instant；as sn as；immediately；directly；instantly；；n 等。
Upn arriving at the ffice, he realized that he had left his cellphne at hme.一到办公室，他就意识到自己把手机忘在家里了。
7 [教材原句]He made numerus cntributins t the wrld, the mst wellknwn being the general thery f relativity and the famus frmula E＝mc2.他对世界做出了许多贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E＝mc2。
①The burning f fssil fuels will prduce greenhuse gases, the mst imprtant ne being(be) carbn dixide.
②Indnesia is als rich in vlcanes, the mst famus being(be) the Karakat vlcan between Sumatra and Java.
③It wuld be a gd idea t use a plastic bttle, its tp cut(cut) ff, as a cntainer t grw yung plants in.
The ld man keeps several small pets, the mst adrable being a parrt(最讨人喜爱的是一只鹦鹉), wh greets him every time he enters the dr.
独立主格结构在句中作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句，教材原句的the mst wellknwn being...相当于the mst wellknwn f which was...或f which the mst wellknwn was...。
Online shpping ffers an attractive list f benefits, the mst bvius being the cnvenience it brings t shppers.网购有很多诱人的好处，最显而易见的是给购物者带来的便捷。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Cmmitted(cmmit) t scientific research，he culdn't affrd a hliday.
2．It is acknwledged(acknwledge) that we can't see a bluer sky unless we create a less plluted wrld.
3．(2019·江苏卷)This led t an unexpected cnsequence (cnsequent), thugh she had a wnderful time there.
4．The librarian insists that Jhn (shuld) take(take) n mre bks frm the library befre he returns all the bks he has brrwed.
5．Upn leaving(leave) Paris, trains will whistle alng at an apprximate speed f 186 miles per hur until they g undergrund.
6．Beijing huses large amunts f cultural heritages, the mst famus being(be) the Palace Museum, als knwn as the Frbidden City.
7．(2020·江苏卷)And tens f millins in Africa and Asia can see because f the cmmitment(cmmit) Wilsn made t preventing the preventable.
8．(2020·天津卷)This led Jnes t the cnclusin(cnclude) that there are t many extremely lnely peple in his cmmunity, wh are easy targets f cheating.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．He insisted n his inncence, saying t the judges that he was set up by his partner.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter the cnsequences.
3．Li Hua, upn/n his graduatin frm cllege, jined a small cmpany wrking as an ffice clerk.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．One medical text frm the furth century suggested using(use) the extract frm sweet wrmwd t treat a fever.
2．Despite the fact that their prject gt stuck(stick), Tu Yuyu wuld nt acknwledge defeat.
3．Under such circumstances(circumstance), what matters mst is nt nly ur persistence but als ur attitudes.
4．(2020·浙江7月)I culdn't see Dn, but as I apprached the tractr he jumped ut nt the rad, apparently(apparent) unhurt, and dashed back t me.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The 2015 Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine was awarded t a Chinese scientist Tu Yuyu, whse research led t the discvery f a new treatment fr malaria.
2．Her team discvered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that shwed prmise in the fight against malaria.
3．After tw years f lking fr wrk as a teacher, Einstein tk a jb as a clerk in the Swiss patent ffice.
4．(2019·天津卷)Understanding histry is vital t/fr understanding urselves as a peple and as a natin.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand. A
A．气流 B．草案 C．汇票
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The lst prperty ffice is pen Mnday t Friday 7：30 am t 5：00 pm and is lcated at Rma Street statin.B
A．特性；性质 B．财物；财产 C．房产；房屋
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives，keeping in mind yur beliefs，values and strengths.C
A．客观 B．物镜 C．目标
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·北京卷)We're nw building a clck at the Anchrage Museum that reflects the ttal flw f several majr Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive t lcal and glbal envirnmental changes.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：We're nw building a reflects the ttal flw , which are sensitive 。句中的that引导定语从句，修饰clck，后面的which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰rivers。
[尝试翻译]我们现在正在安克雷奇博物馆建造一个时钟，它反映了阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量，这些河流对当地和全球的环境变化都很敏感。
2．(2020·江苏卷)Then, n tw separate mrning visits t the scientists' lab, each man walked fr an hur at an average speed that, in thery, shuld allw his bdy t rely mainly n fat fr fuel.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：..., each man an average speed allw his bdy t rely mainly n fat fr fuel。句子前面的 t...是介词短语作时间状语，后面的that引导的是一个定语从句，修饰speed，其中的in thery“理论上”是介词短语作状语。
[尝试翻译]然后，在两次上午分别前往科学家实验室的途中，每一个人都以正常速度步行一小时，理论上，这样的速度应该能让身体主要依赖脂肪作为燃料。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Huang Danian, a genius in gephysics, cmmitted 1.himself(he) t making great advances in gephysical research. Nw he 2.is acknwledged(acknwledge) as the wrld's leading scientist in the field f aviatin gephysics. He nce studied and wrked in England and even btained the UK Green Card. Due t his excellent research wrk, he 3.gradually(gradual) gained his reputatin in the western scientific cmmunity. He returned t China in 2009, 4.where he made it ne f his main bjectives t help his mtherland imprve the level f science and technlgy. Huang had 5.an extrardinary passin fr his career. Over the next seven years, he devted all his energy t his wrk. Despite the fact that he encuntered 6.repeated(repeat) defeats, he succeeded in develping a number f 7.devices(device) fr deepsea explratin. Unfrtunately, such 8.remarkable(remark) achievements didn't cme cheap. As a cnsequence 9.f his heavy wrklad, Huang fell ill and later died f liver failure. His 10.tuching(tuch) stries were sn reprted, inspiring mre peple t apply themselves t the cnstructin f the cuntry.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①人们公认琼斯是一位取得巨大成就的女性。
It is generally acknwledged that Jnes is a wman f great achievement.
②她致力于帮助生活在贫困状况中的孩子们。
She has cmmitted herself t helping children wh live in pr circumstances．
③最近，琼斯被邀请为一所机构发表演讲。
Recently，Jnes was asked t deliver a speech fr an institutin．
④建立这所机构的目的是给贫困儿童提供资助。
It was funded with the bjective f prviding assistance fr children in need.
⑤她说：“照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是这可以带来非凡的效果。”
She said，“Caring fr children is an rdinary jb，but it can bring extrardinary effects．”
⑥不管从事何种职业，你都必须坚持高标准要求。
Whatever prfessin yu take up，yu must insist n high standards in yur wrk.
⑦逐渐地，你就会取得进步并且做出显著的成绩。
Yu will gradually make prgress and achieve remarkable accmplishments．
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
It is generally acknwledged that Jnes is a wman f great achievement. She has cmmitted herself t helping children wh live in pr circumstances. Recently，Jnes was asked t deliver a speech fr an institutin funded with the bjective f prviding assistance fr children in need. She said，“Caring fr children is an rdinary jb，but it can bring extrardinary effects. Whatever prfessin yu take up，yu must insist n high standards in yur wrk. In this way，yu will gradually make prgress and achieve remarkable accmplishments.”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
2021年，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平在长沙不幸去世。在葬礼当天，长沙下起了绵绵细雨，似乎连老天都在为这位巨星的陨落而哭泣和哀悼。许多中国人悲痛欲绝，泪流满面。袁隆平一生致力于水稻增产的研究。深深的皱纹、温和的微笑和卷曲的裤腿让外国记者更喜欢称他为“农民”。他一生中遭遇多次失败，但最终在农业研究方面取得了显著成就。
参考答案：
Yuan Lngping, widely acknwledged as “the father f hybrid rice”， passed away in Changsha in 2021. On the day f his funeral, there was a steady drizzle falling in Changsha. It seemed as if even heaven were weeping and murning fr the fall f the giant star. Many Chinese peple were verwhelmed with grief, tears flwing dwn their cheeks with the rain. Yuan cmmitted all his life t the study f increasing the yield f rice. Deep wrinkles, mild smiles and curly truser legs made freign jurnalists prefer t call him a “farmer”． Thrughut his life he encuntered many defeats, but he eventually made remarkable achievements in agricultural research.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)After a lng and careful search, Greg saw，acrss a field, the dg mving cautiusly away.
2．(心理描写)(2019·天津卷)I was ready t pay fr my bananas at the grcery ne night, when fear seized me.
3．(人物描写)(2022·浙江省五校联考)She was truly the mst kind and generus friend anyne culd ask fr.
(2022·诸暨市诊断性考试)One Saturday afternn, I was watching TV in the living rm with my grandpa when a blinding flash f lightning flashed acrss the sky, fllwed by a deafening sund. Befre I realized what had happened, a graywhite shadw rushed in thrugh the pen windw and flew ver my head.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．bil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点
2．btain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
3．acknwledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
4．defeat n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜
5．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
6．flw vi.流；流动 n．流；流动；流畅；供应
7．infer vt.推断；推定
8．fund vt.创建；建立；把……建立在
9．encunter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
10．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
11．prperty n．性质；特征；财产
12．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
1．The Ls Angeles Lakers wn the Natinal Basketball Assciatin champinship, defeating(defeat) the Orland Magic, 9986.
2．The man desn't knw hw t cpe with failures，and whenever he encunters(encunter) ne, he will get int a panic.
3．She hped btaining(btain) permanent residence wuld help her bring her tw children t Italy.
4．When the tea is biled(bil), the drink has a purple clur.
5．If she shuld slip, she wuld fall int the rapidly flwing(flw) stream.
6．The market, which was funded(fund) in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday frm 7：00 a．m. t 1：00 p．m.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．btany n．植物学→btanical adj.植物学的
2．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluatin n．评估；评价
3．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctin n．差别；区别；卓越→distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；与众不同的
4．analyse vt.分析→analysis n．(pl.analyses)分析
5．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
6．science n．科学；技术→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n．科学家
7．cnclude v．推断出；终止→cnclusin n．结论；推论
8．cnsequence n．结果；后果→cnsequent adj.作为结果的→cnsequently adv.所以；因此
9．remark n．谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起→remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.不寻常地；惊人地
1．Many a scientist cnsiders this imprtant scientific discvery as a great breakthrugh in medical science．(science)
2．The expert remarked that he had fund a remarkable slutin t the prblem，but thers made n remark abut it.(remark)
3．We attempt t evaluate the effectiveness f the drug and finally submit an evaluatin reprt t the public.(evaluate)
4．He analyzed the current ecnmic situatin in great detail，and mst experts thught his analysis was acceptable.(analyse)
5．When tld there was n apparent explanatin fr the crash，the airprt manager paused, apparently lst in thught.(apparent)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．cmmit neself t
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2．insist n
坚决要求
3．wear and tear
(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗
4．cme t pwer
(开始)掌权；上台
5．take up a psitin
担任；任职
6．sum up
总结；概括
1．Only when we regularly sum up the past experience and draw lessns frm it can we g further.
2．Lking frward t a better salary，he decided t leave t take up a psitin with anther cmpany.
3．Mst peple think that things have changed fr the better since the new gvernment came t pwer．
4．They insisted n having the agreement dwn in black and white befre the negtiatin ended.
5．The tw sides met and cmmitted themselves t maintaining peace and stability n the brder.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．be thught t d sth.
Artemisinin has becme a vital part f the treatment fr malaria, and is thught t save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alne.
相信本次活动对学生的全面发展非常有益，希望大家都能参与。
This event is thught t be f great benefit t the verall develpment f students, and it's hped that everyne can get invlved.(应用文之通知)
2．while ding...作时间状语
While wrking there，ut f a strng passin fr knwledge，he cntinued t study，earning a dctrate in physics in 1905.
经过伊顿百货商店的橱窗时，我们像往常一样停下来凝视，心中有点念想。
While passing the Eatn's department stre's windw, we stpped as usual t gaze and d a bit f dreaming.(续写之心理描写)
用于情感描写的词汇
用于人物描写的词汇
murn; flw; mild; remarkable
acknwledge; cmmit; encunter; defeat
1 cmmit [课本义]vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) [增补义]vt.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)
①He was cmmitted t practising/practise(practise) this instrument s that within a cuple f mnths he was playing reasnably well.
②(2019·天津卷)Hwever, we can achieve meaning nly if we have made a cmmitment t smething larger than ur wn little egs(自我)．
③(2021·天津卷)This requires cmmitment(cmmit) t a particular ccupatin, branch f study r research.
On a summer evening, all thse lng, hard hurs f wrk and cmmitment(所有这些漫长而艰苦的付出和奉献) finally bre fruit.
◎cmmit neself t ding/d sth.专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事
◎cmmitted adj.尽心尽力的；尽责的；坚定的
◎be cmmitted t (ding/d) sth.承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
◎cmmitment n．投入；奉献；承诺
◎make a cmmitment t (ding/d) sth.保证/承诺做某事
◎cmmit an errr/a crime/suicide做错事/犯罪/自杀
◎be cmmitted t prtecting the interests f the public承诺保护公众利益
◎make a cmmitment t keep wrking tgether承诺继续合作
2 acknwledge vt.[课本义]承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 [增补义]接受；告知已收到
①He is widely acknwledged t be (be) the best tennis player in the wrld.
②The cmpany sent me an email yesterday, acknwledging(acknwledge) my request.
③Althugh “Dn't judge a bk by its cver” is an ld prverb widely acknwledged(acknwledge), peple still fall int the trap f “gd appearances” easily.
He strde excitedly t the windw and stuck his head ut f it t acknwledge the cheering crwd(向欢呼的人群致谢)．
◎ be/as...认为……是……；承认……是……
◎acknwledge ding/having dne sth.承认做了某事
◎acknwledge that...承认……
◎It is universally/widely acknwledged that...大家公认……
◎acknwledge the need fr refrm承认改革的必要性
◎acknwledge the applause with a bw鞠躬致谢掌声
◎be widely acknwledged as the wrld's greatest living scientist被公认为是当今最伟大的科学家
3 insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
①He insisted n walking(walk) me t the statin t see me ff，which nearly mved me t tears.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ改)But ur insisting it is(be) merely a windw has kept them frm attempting millins f requests t pen the dr.
③I tld her she shuldn't swim after a whle night's cughing, but she refused t give up and insisted she (shuld) g(g)．
(普通表达)We can stay healthy bth physically and mentally nly when we insist n wrking ut regularly.
(高级表达)Only when we insist n wrking ut regularly can we stay healthy bth physically and mentally.
◎insist n sth.坚决要求……；坚持……
◎insist n (sb./ne's) ding sth.坚决要求(某人)做某事；执意(某人)做某事
◎insist that...(从句用陈述语气)坚持说；认为
◎insist that sb.(shuld)d...(从句用虚拟语气)坚决要求；主张
◎insist n mutual recgnitin and regard坚持相互认可、相互尊重
◎insist n paying fr the damage坚持要赔偿损失
◎insist n us/ur eating healthy fd坚持要我们吃健康食品
4 cnsequence n．[课本义]结果；后果 [增补义]重要性
①Partly as a cnsequence f this limited time, ver half f all American hmes nw have micrwave vens.
②This belief has led thse cuntries t neglect their manufacturing sectr, with negative cnsequences(cnsequence) fr their ecnmies.
③Cnsequently(cnsequent), she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
(普通表达)She was ver age limit and, as a result, her applicatin was rejected.
(高级表达)She was ver age limit and, in cnsequence/as a cnsequence, her applicatin was rejected.
◎as a cnsequence因此；结果
◎as a cnsequence f由于
◎in cnsequence因此；结果
◎(n/little)f cnsequence(不)重要的
◎cnsequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的
◎cnsequently adv.因此；结果
◎a man f cnsequence in his village他村里举足轻重的人物
◎in cnsequence f falling birth rates由于出生率下降
◎have disastrus cnsequences fr the envirnment给环境带来灾难性后果
5 take up开始从事；担任(职务)；占据；占用；继续；拿起；接受
①I put the telephne dwn and tk up my wrk again.继续
②Peter will take up his pst as head f the travel agency at the end f next mnth.担任
③Smart phnes nt nly take up ur valuable time, but als d great harm t ur health.占用
④After he retired frm ffice, Rger tk up painting fr a while, but sn lst interest.开始学习
As far as the eye culd see, everything tk n a glden clr(呈现出金黄色) till the last ray f the setting sun disappeared.
◎take dwn写下；记下；拆除
◎take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
◎take ff脱掉；起飞；腾飞；休假
◎take n呈现；雇用；承担
◎take ver接管；接收；接任；控制
◎take in what he is saying明白他在说什么
◎expect her career t take ff期待她的事业腾飞
◎take ver the jb as sn as pssible尽快接管工作
6 [教材原句]Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize，she said，“The hnur is nt just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
①Upn hearing(hear) the teacher's talk, the children prbably felt that it sunded t gd t be true.
②Students are cllected frm the airprt upn their arrival(arrive) and brught t their accmmdatin in cmfrt.
③The instant the spacecraft landed safely, the previusly silent launching center burst int great jy.
Upn his return hme(一回到家), he made a rush t his mther and giggled, “Happy birthday, mm! I lve yu！”
“upn/n ding”或“upn/n (ne's) ＋名词”是介词短语用作时间状语，意为“一……就……”。表示“一……就……”的结构还有：the minute；the mment；the instant；as sn as；immediately；directly；instantly；；n 等。
Upn arriving at the ffice, he realized that he had left his cellphne at hme.一到办公室，他就意识到自己把手机忘在家里了。
7 [教材原句]He made numerus cntributins t the wrld, the mst wellknwn being the general thery f relativity and the famus frmula E＝mc2.他对世界做出了许多贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E＝mc2。
①The burning f fssil fuels will prduce greenhuse gases, the mst imprtant ne being(be) carbn dixide.
②Indnesia is als rich in vlcanes, the mst famus being(be) the Karakat vlcan between Sumatra and Java.
③It wuld be a gd idea t use a plastic bttle, its tp cut(cut) ff, as a cntainer t grw yung plants in.
The ld man keeps several small pets, the mst adrable being a parrt(最讨人喜爱的是一只鹦鹉), wh greets him every time he enters the dr.
独立主格结构在句中作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句，教材原句的the mst wellknwn being...相当于the mst wellknwn f which was...或f which the mst wellknwn was...。
Online shpping ffers an attractive list f benefits, the mst bvius being the cnvenience it brings t shppers.网购有很多诱人的好处，最显而易见的是给购物者带来的便捷。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Cmmitted(cmmit) t scientific research，he culdn't affrd a hliday.
2．It is acknwledged(acknwledge) that we can't see a bluer sky unless we create a less plluted wrld.
3．(2019·江苏卷)This led t an unexpected cnsequence (cnsequent), thugh she had a wnderful time there.
4．The librarian insists that Jhn (shuld) take(take) n mre bks frm the library befre he returns all the bks he has brrwed.
5．Upn leaving(leave) Paris, trains will whistle alng at an apprximate speed f 186 miles per hur until they g undergrund.
6．Beijing huses large amunts f cultural heritages, the mst famus being(be) the Palace Museum, als knwn as the Frbidden City.
7．(2020·江苏卷)And tens f millins in Africa and Asia can see because f the cmmitment(cmmit) Wilsn made t preventing the preventable.
8．(2020·天津卷)This led Jnes t the cnclusin(cnclude) that there are t many extremely lnely peple in his cmmunity, wh are easy targets f cheating.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．He insisted n his inncence, saying t the judges that he was set up by his partner.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter the cnsequences.
3．Li Hua, upn/n his graduatin frm cllege, jined a small cmpany wrking as an ffice clerk.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．One medical text frm the furth century suggested using(use) the extract frm sweet wrmwd t treat a fever.
2．Despite the fact that their prject gt stuck(stick), Tu Yuyu wuld nt acknwledge defeat.
3．Under such circumstances(circumstance), what matters mst is nt nly ur persistence but als ur attitudes.
4．(2020·浙江7月)I culdn't see Dn, but as I apprached the tractr he jumped ut nt the rad, apparently(apparent) unhurt, and dashed back t me.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The 2015 Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine was awarded t a Chinese scientist Tu Yuyu, whse research led t the discvery f a new treatment fr malaria.
2．Her team discvered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that shwed prmise in the fight against malaria.
3．After tw years f lking fr wrk as a teacher, Einstein tk a jb as a clerk in the Swiss patent ffice.
4．(2019·天津卷)Understanding histry is vital t/fr understanding urselves as a peple and as a natin.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand. A
A．气流 B．草案 C．汇票
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The lst prperty ffice is pen Mnday t Friday 7：30 am t 5：00 pm and is lcated at Rma Street statin.B
A．特性；性质 B．财物；财产 C．房产；房屋
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives，keeping in mind yur beliefs，values and strengths.C
A．客观 B．物镜 C．目标
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·北京卷)We're nw building a clck at the Anchrage Museum that reflects the ttal flw f several majr Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive t lcal and glbal envirnmental changes.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：We're nw building a reflects the ttal flw , which are sensitive 。句中的that引导定语从句，修饰clck，后面的which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰rivers。
[尝试翻译]我们现在正在安克雷奇博物馆建造一个时钟，它反映了阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量，这些河流对当地和全球的环境变化都很敏感。
2．(2020·江苏卷)Then, n tw separate mrning visits t the scientists' lab, each man walked fr an hur at an average speed that, in thery, shuld allw his bdy t rely mainly n fat fr fuel.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：..., each man an average speed allw his bdy t rely mainly n fat fr fuel。句子前面的 t...是介词短语作时间状语，后面的that引导的是一个定语从句，修饰speed，其中的in thery“理论上”是介词短语作状语。
[尝试翻译]然后，在两次上午分别前往科学家实验室的途中，每一个人都以正常速度步行一小时，理论上，这样的速度应该能让身体主要依赖脂肪作为燃料。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Huang Danian, a genius in gephysics, cmmitted 1.himself(he) t making great advances in gephysical research. Nw he 2.is acknwledged(acknwledge) as the wrld's leading scientist in the field f aviatin gephysics. He nce studied and wrked in England and even btained the UK Green Card. Due t his excellent research wrk, he 3.gradually(gradual) gained his reputatin in the western scientific cmmunity. He returned t China in 2009, 4.where he made it ne f his main bjectives t help his mtherland imprve the level f science and technlgy. Huang had 5.an extrardinary passin fr his career. Over the next seven years, he devted all his energy t his wrk. Despite the fact that he encuntered 6.repeated(repeat) defeats, he succeeded in develping a number f 7.devices(device) fr deepsea explratin. Unfrtunately, such 8.remarkable(remark) achievements didn't cme cheap. As a cnsequence 9.f his heavy wrklad, Huang fell ill and later died f liver failure. His 10.tuching(tuch) stries were sn reprted, inspiring mre peple t apply themselves t the cnstructin f the cuntry.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①人们公认琼斯是一位取得巨大成就的女性。
It is generally acknwledged that Jnes is a wman f great achievement.
②她致力于帮助生活在贫困状况中的孩子们。
She has cmmitted herself t helping children wh live in pr circumstances．
③最近，琼斯被邀请为一所机构发表演讲。
Recently，Jnes was asked t deliver a speech fr an institutin．
④建立这所机构的目的是给贫困儿童提供资助。
It was funded with the bjective f prviding assistance fr children in need.
⑤她说：“照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是这可以带来非凡的效果。”
She said，“Caring fr children is an rdinary jb，but it can bring extrardinary effects．”
⑥不管从事何种职业，你都必须坚持高标准要求。
Whatever prfessin yu take up，yu must insist n high standards in yur wrk.
⑦逐渐地，你就会取得进步并且做出显著的成绩。
Yu will gradually make prgress and achieve remarkable accmplishments．
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
It is generally acknwledged that Jnes is a wman f great achievement. She has cmmitted herself t helping children wh live in pr circumstances. Recently，Jnes was asked t deliver a speech fr an institutin funded with the bjective f prviding assistance fr children in need. She said，“Caring fr children is an rdinary jb，but it can bring extrardinary effects. Whatever prfessin yu take up，yu must insist n high standards in yur wrk. In this way，yu will gradually make prgress and achieve remarkable accmplishments.”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
2021年，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平在长沙不幸去世。在葬礼当天，长沙下起了绵绵细雨，似乎连老天都在为这位巨星的陨落而哭泣和哀悼。许多中国人悲痛欲绝，泪流满面。袁隆平一生致力于水稻增产的研究。深深的皱纹、温和的微笑和卷曲的裤腿让外国记者更喜欢称他为“农民”。他一生中遭遇多次失败，但最终在农业研究方面取得了显著成就。
参考答案：
Yuan Lngping, widely acknwledged as “the father f hybrid rice”， passed away in Changsha in 2021. On the day f his funeral, there was a steady drizzle falling in Changsha. It seemed as if even heaven were weeping and murning fr the fall f the giant star. Many Chinese peple were verwhelmed with grief, tears flwing dwn their cheeks with the rain. Yuan cmmitted all his life t the study f increasing the yield f rice. Deep wrinkles, mild smiles and curly truser legs made freign jurnalists prefer t call him a “farmer”． Thrughut his life he encuntered many defeats, but he eventually made remarkable achievements in agricultural research.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)After a lng and careful search, Greg saw，acrss a field, the dg mving cautiusly away.
2．(心理描写)(2019·天津卷)I was ready t pay fr my bananas at the grcery ne night, when fear seized me.
3．(人物描写)(2022·浙江省五校联考)She was truly the mst kind and generus friend anyne culd ask fr.
(2022·诸暨市诊断性考试)One Saturday afternn, I was watching TV in the living rm with my grandpa when a blinding flash f lightning flashed acrss the sky, fllwed by a deafening sund. Befre I realized what had happened, a graywhite shadw rushed in thrugh the pen windw and flew ver my head.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．bil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点
2．btain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
3．acknwledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
4．defeat n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜
5．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
6．flw vi.流；流动 n．流；流动；流畅；供应
7．infer vt.推断；推定
8．fund vt.创建；建立；把……建立在
9．encunter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
10．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
11．prperty n．性质；特征；财产
12．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
1．The Ls Angeles Lakers wn the Natinal Basketball Assciatin champinship, defeating(defeat) the Orland Magic, 9986.
2．The man desn't knw hw t cpe with failures，and whenever he encunters(encunter) ne, he will get int a panic.
3．She hped btaining(btain) permanent residence wuld help her bring her tw children t Italy.
4．When the tea is biled(bil), the drink has a purple clur.
5．If she shuld slip, she wuld fall int the rapidly flwing(flw) stream.
6．The market, which was funded(fund) in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday frm 7：00 a．m. t 1：00 p．m.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．btany n．植物学→btanical adj.植物学的
2．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluatin n．评估；评价
3．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctin n．差别；区别；卓越→distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；与众不同的
4．analyse vt.分析→analysis n．(pl.analyses)分析
5．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
6．science n．科学；技术→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n．科学家
7．cnclude v．推断出；终止→cnclusin n．结论；推论
8．cnsequence n．结果；后果→cnsequent adj.作为结果的→cnsequently adv.所以；因此
9．remark n．谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起→remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.不寻常地；惊人地
1．Many a scientist cnsiders this imprtant scientific discvery as a great breakthrugh in medical science．(science)
2．The expert remarked that he had fund a remarkable slutin t the prblem，but thers made n remark abut it.(remark)
3．We attempt t evaluate the effectiveness f the drug and finally submit an evaluatin reprt t the public.(evaluate)
4．He analyzed the current ecnmic situatin in great detail，and mst experts thught his analysis was acceptable.(analyse)
5．When tld there was n apparent explanatin fr the crash，the airprt manager paused, apparently lst in thught.(apparent)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．cmmit neself t
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2．insist n
坚决要求
3．wear and tear
(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗
4．cme t pwer
(开始)掌权；上台
5．take up a psitin
担任；任职
6．sum up
总结；概括
1．Only when we regularly sum up the past experience and draw lessns frm it can we g further.
2．Lking frward t a better salary，he decided t leave t take up a psitin with anther cmpany.
3．Mst peple think that things have changed fr the better since the new gvernment came t pwer．
4．They insisted n having the agreement dwn in black and white befre the negtiatin ended.
5．The tw sides met and cmmitted themselves t maintaining peace and stability n the brder.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．be thught t d sth.
Artemisinin has becme a vital part f the treatment fr malaria, and is thught t save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alne.
相信本次活动对学生的全面发展非常有益，希望大家都能参与。
This event is thught t be f great benefit t the verall develpment f students, and it's hped that everyne can get invlved.(应用文之通知)
2．while ding...作时间状语
While wrking there，ut f a strng passin fr knwledge，he cntinued t study，earning a dctrate in physics in 1905.
经过伊顿百货商店的橱窗时，我们像往常一样停下来凝视，心中有点念想。
While passing the Eatn's department stre's windw, we stpped as usual t gaze and d a bit f dreaming.(续写之心理描写)
用于情感描写的词汇
用于人物描写的词汇
murn; flw; mild; remarkable
acknwledge; cmmit; encunter; defeat
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