还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2021外研版高考英语一轮复习教师用书精品教案（）
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2021版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习教师用书：必修35Module5 GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina
展开
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
thinker n． principle n.
resign vi. adviser n.
justice n. bark n.
leather n. category n.
fuel n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．kindness n． 善良
2．order n. 秩序
3．position n. 职位
4．stress vt. 强调
5．soft adj. 柔软的
6．condition n. 状况；条件；环境
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．equal adj.平等的→equality n．平等→equally adv.平等地
2．important adj.重要的→importance n．重要；重要性
3．influence n．影响→influential adj.有影响的
4．honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实
5．contribute v．贡献；捐献→contribution n．贡献
6．invent vt.发明→inventor n．发明家→invention n．发明
7．argue v．争论，议论→argument n．争论；辩论；议论
8．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由
1.名词后缀ness大观园
①kindness 善良
②blindness 盲目
③darkness 黑暗
④weakness 虚弱
⑤loneliness 寂寞
2.y结尾名词一览
①honesty 诚实
②difficulty 困难
③modesty 谦虚
④discovery 发现
⑤delivery 投递；交付
3.各种“争论”
①argument 争论；辩论
②discussion 讨论
③debate 争论；辩论
④quarrel 争吵
⑤dispute 争论；争端
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．be__at__war__with 与……交战
2．bring__up 养育；抚养
3．become__interested__in 对……感兴趣
4．be__proud__of 为……自豪
5．in__conclusion 总之
6．for__the__first__time 第一次
1.“at＋n.”短语荟萃
①at war 交战
②at peace 处于和平状态
③at hand 在手边
④at work 在工作
⑤at rest 在休息
⑥at table 在吃饭
2.sense相关短语多棱镜
①a sense of direction/humor 方向感/幽默感
②in a sense 从某种意义上说
③in no sense/way 决不
④make sense 讲得通；有道理
⑤make sense of 理解；弄懂
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：the way＋定语从句
Treat others in__the__way__you__want__to__be__treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
句型2：the reason why ... is that ...……的原因是……
Mencius believed that the__reason__why__man__is__different__from__animals__is__that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
句型3：“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调
However, we do__know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.
然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了第一块真正的钟表。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．He ordered(命令) us to leave at once, but nobody followed it.
2．Last week he resigned(辞职) and gave up the position(职位) as a manager because of poor health.
3．Edison kept trying out some new ideas until he invented(发明) what he wanted.
4．Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels(燃料) like coal, gas and oil.
5．Despite the variety of injuries, several principles(原则) of first aid can apply to all emergencies.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．What the professor stressed(stress) in the meeting yesterday is that health is very important for everyone.
7．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others’ kindness(kind) and rudeness.
8．If you want to succeed, I think that setting a goal for yourself is of great importance(important)．
9．We’re trying to make our newspaper become more and more influential(influence) in our country.
10．Such people as have made great contributions(contribute) to the world should be greatly respected.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·天津卷)With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.原理
2. (2019·江苏卷)After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 平等的
3．(2019·浙江卷6月) Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 紧张；短缺
4．(2019·天津卷) What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？种类；类别
Ⅲ.选词成篇
agree with; become interested in; for the first time; more than; be similar to
Li Hua 1.became__interested__in English when he began to learn it 2.for__the__first__time. Now he has learned 3.more__than 3，000 English words, and once got the first prize in an English competition. I 4.agree__with his opinion that interest is the best motivation.
be at war with; bring up; a sense of responsibility; be proud of; in conclusion
He used to 5.be__proud__of his hometown, a beautiful village where he was born and 6.brought__up. Now his country 7.is__at__war__with its neighboring country, so he has to leave his hometown for a living. Although he is a man with 8.a__sense__of__responsibility,__he is at a loss what to do for his hometown.
Ⅳ.完成语段
Honestly speaking, 1.the__way__you__learn__English(你学习英语的方法) is neither scientific nor effective. Besides, 2.the__reason__why__you__have__failed__in__the__exam__is__that(你考试失败的原因是) you haven’t made good use of your time to learn. Therefore, you 3.do__need(确实需要) some scientific learning methods.
equal v．等于，与……相等；比得上 adj.平等的；胜任的 n. 同等的人或物
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is equal to accomplishing(accomplish) the task, for no one equals him in the area. In other words, he is without equal.
②a.We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality(equal) of nations, big or small.
b．(福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.
[能力提升]——一句多译
尽管他和他们的身高相同，但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。
③They are of__the__same__height,__but no one can be__equal__to__him__in playing basketball.
④Though he is__equal__to__them__in__height,__no one can equal__him__in playing basketball.
(1)equal sb./sth.(in...) (在……方面) 比得上，与……匹敌；
与……相等
be equal to sth./doing sth.(in...)
(在……方面)与……相等；能胜任
(2)without (an) equal 无人可比的
(3)equally adv. 同样地；相等地
equality n. 相等；平等
[名师点津] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：
①be up to ②be fit for ③be qualified for
[词块助记]
enjoy equal rights 享有平等的权利
be equal in height 同等高度
be equal to anything 无所不能
order n．顺序；秩序；整齐；命令；订购 vt.命令；订购；安排
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①a.(北京卷)To catch the early flight, we ordered(order) a taxi in advance and got up very early.
b．(北京卷)Ordered(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
②a.The head teacher was strict. He ordered that boy students(should)__wear(wear) short hair.
b．He had to obey the order that he must finish the secret task ahead of time. must→should或删除must
[能力提升]——完成句子
③把你必须要做的事情列一个清单，然后按照重要性把它们进行排序。
Make a list of what you have to do, and put them in__order__of importance.
④我给他打了两次电话，可是没接通。电话线可能是出故障了。
I telephoned him twice but I couldn’t get through. The line might have been out__of__order．
(1)order sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order that...(should)＋do 命令……
(2)in order 井然有序；适宜的
out of order 紊乱的；出故障的
in order of 以……的顺序
(3)place an order for sth.(with sb.)
(和某人) 订购某物
[佳句背诵] All the things in the room were out of order, but she quickly put them in order.
房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井井有条了。
[名师点津] order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用(should＋)do形式。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。
[词块助记]
in the right/correct order 按照正确的顺序
obey orders 服从命令
stress n．压力，重压；强调 vt.重音；着重；强调；重读
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed(stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of greater and less importance.
b．(江苏卷) It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful(stress) society.
②(上海卷)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under,__the better your performance will be.
[能力提升]——一句多译
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。
③Teachers often stress__the__importance__of diligence in the approach to success. (stress v．)
④Teachers often lay/put/place__stress__on diligence in the approach to success. (stress n．)
(1)lay/put/place stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上；强调某事
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 为……所迫
(2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的
[佳句背诵] Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness.
研究表明微笑可以降低血压、舒缓压力、增进快乐。
[词块助记]
relieve stress 缓解压力
ease stress 减轻压力
condition n．状况；条件；环境
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(安徽卷)What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.
b．On no condition can we give up our dreams. Only if we stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.
②(安徽卷)In fact, it is many young people’s ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions(condition)．
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)You can borrow my book if you return it before Friday.
(高级表达)You can borrow my book on__condition__that you return it before Friday.
(1)be in good/bad/poor condition 状态良好/不佳
out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳
(2)on condition that 如果；在……条件下；倘若
on no condition 决不
(3)under...conditions 在……条件下
[名师点津] (1)condition表示“(工作或生活)环境”时，通常要用复数形式；表示“状况”时，为不可数名词，表示“条件”时，则为可数名词。
(2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
bring up 养育；抚养；提出(话题)；呕吐；教育
[一词多义]——写出下列句中bring up的含义
①He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, but got rejected.提出
②(福建卷) Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育
③They have very definite ideas on how to bring up children.养育
[能力提升]——完成句子
④(江西卷)Some people fear that air pollution may bring__about__changes(引起变化) in the weather around the world.
⑤(江西卷)The government plans to bring__in__new__laws(推行新法) forcing parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
bring about 引起，导致
bring back 归还；带回；(事物)使记起；恢复
bring down 使倒下；降低
bring in 吸引；引进；赚得
[佳句背诵]
Being brought up in the countryside made Mr. Wilson more hardworking than others.
在乡村被抚养长大使得威尔逊先生比他人更努力。
the way＋定语从句
(教材原句)Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The way that/which was put forward by him to do the experiment was similar to the way that you carried it out.
b．I will tell the way in which you can learn English well, because I know the way that/which you have accepted is not the best.
②(2019·北京卷) Most people believe the best way to__build(build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(湖北卷)使我吃惊的不是他说的什么而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was not__what__he__said__but__the__way__(that/in__which)__he__said__it．
(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语；
(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略；
(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。
[佳句背诵] ①The way people do things highlights many of the differences between cultures.
人们做事的方式突显了许多文化差异。
②Is this the way you can imagine of reducing air pollution？ 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？
the reason why...is that...……的原因是……
(教材原句)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didn’t learn it well.
b．Is this the reason__that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
②(全国卷Ⅲ)The reason for which I cannot accompany you to the bookstore is that I have to attend an important class meeting.
③a.Sorry, we are late. That’s because we were held up in the traffic jam.
b．We were held up in the traffic jam and that’s why we are late.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)People carry umbrellas in hot summer days because the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.
(高级表达)The__reason__why__people__carry__umbrellas__in__hot__summer__days__is__that__the__hot__sun__may__be__harmful__to__the__exposed__skin.(why引导的定语从句)
(1)the reason why ...is that ...，表示“……的原因是……”， 其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。
(2)reason常见的句式：
①the reason for sth./doing sth. is/was that ...
②the reason why/for which...is/was that ...
③the reason that/which＋定语从句＋ is/was that ...
(3)That/This is because...表示“这是因为……”，because引导的表语从句表示原因；That/This is why... 表示“这就是……的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。
[名师点津] the reason后接定语从句的引导词用why/for which还是用that/which，取决于其在定语从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；缺少状语用why或for which。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．Yet would it be surprising if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful(stress) and demanding as it is in China?
2．Honestly(honest), I find it hard to put up with my roommate these days, who is always returning late and making much noise.
3．As far as I’m concerned, I learn English not only because of its importance(important) but also because of my love for it.
4．Learning to read and write opens the door to a better job and better living conditions(condition)．
5．The boy, brought(bring) up in the countryside, has a strong interest in the colourful city life.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．In conclusion, there is no other better way that they can think of to deal with the problem.
2．The reason why the student was absent from class was not the reason that/which he gave me.
3．As your friend, I know how hard you have been studying Chinese and I am proud of your achievement.
4．The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once more to have a discussion.
5．How long do you think the two countries will be at war with each other?
维度三 派生词练习
1．He is a very influential person.He has an important influence on people’s ideas.(influence)
2．I dislike their argument but they often argue with each other about some small matters.(argue)
3．All men are born equal,__so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)
4．His great contributions to the company have contributed to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute)
5．The honest boy impressed all the employers with his honesty．(honest)
维度四 易错混用
1．(山东卷)The Smiths are praised for the way which they bring up their children.which→that或在which前加in或删除which
2．I thought him to be nice and honest for the first time I met him.删除for
3．He ordered that the students wore their special clothes during the military training.wore→wear
4．His parents were proud for what he had achieved in science and encouraged him to stick to his dream.for→of
5．To conclusion, changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience.To→In
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
Mr. Smith who 1.was__brought(bring) up in Texas was equal to 2.doing(do) the difficult job. The reason 3.why he became 4.an influential figure in the company is that he always worked 5.harder(hard) than anyone else. He stressed the 6.importance(important) of order, honesty and justice. He 7.invented(invent) several better management principles in order to improve the working 8.conditions(condition). And it turned out to be very effective. All his workmates thought that he made great contributions to the development of the company. Unfortunately, he was 9.in poor condition at the age of 60, so he 10.resigned(resign) several days ago.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：①该人物是谁；②该人物的主要贡献。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①知道你对中国历史很感兴趣，对此我感到很自豪。
I know that you are__interested__in__Chinese__history,__and I feel__very__proud__of it.
②我最喜欢的中国历史人物是张衡，因为他是一个无与伦比的发明家。
My favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng, because he was a__great__inventor__without__equal．
③他生于公元78年，并在一个大家庭中被抚养成人。
Born in 78 AD, he was__brought__up in a big family.
④在他的一生中有许多具有影响力的发明，其中包括著名的地震仪。
During his life, he made__many__influential__inventions,__including the famous seismograph.
⑤他为科学和人类社会的进步做出了巨大的贡献。
He made__great__contributions__to__the__progress of science and human society.
2．升级平淡句
⑥用“介词＋which”非限制性定语从句升级句①
I__know__that__you__are__interested__in__Chinese__history,__of__which__I__feel__very__proud.
⑦用“the reason why ... is that ... ”升级句②
The__reason__why__my__favourite__figure__in__Chinese__history__is__Zhang__Heng__is__that__he__was__a__great__inventor__without__equal.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I know that you are interested in Chinese history, of which I feel very proud. The reason why my favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng is that he was a great inventor without equal.
Born in 78 AD, he was brought up in a big family. During his life, he made many influential inventions, including the famous seismograph. In conclusion, he made great contributions to the progress of science and human society.
Yours，
Li Hua
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·沈阳教学质量监测一)
With smart technology increasingly influencing all aspects of our lives, it is only a matter of time before someone invents smart shoes—ones that can be made based on personal needs. Called “ShiftWear”， the sneakers are the brainchild of a team of businessmen, and engineers led by New Yorkbased designer David Coelho.
The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app. Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD patterns by famous artists or creating one themselves. The company’s founders imagine the marketplace where artists can not only share but also sell their designs to others. Despite being electronic, the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight. What’s even cooler is that by switching on backlight, users can even show their designs in the dark!
According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed. Though they will need periodic recharging, active users have nothing to worry about. That’s because the shoes are equipped with special WalkNCharge technology that powers the shoes—with every step. Inactive users also have options of charging the sneakers without using wires.
The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear. Even better, they are completely waterproof(防水的) and can even be thrown into an ordinary laundry machine for a quick wash! The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the EPanels where the designs are displayed.
This is not the first time that electronics and shoes have combined. Lithuaniabased iShuh Technologies has come up with a similar concept that connects ereader panels to a smart phone app via the Bluetooth. Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。
1．What can we know about the smart shoes from the text?
A．The electronic designs can not be seen clearly at night.
B．The designers make sure every pair of sneakers is unique.
C．The bottom part of the shoes can last longer due to special materials.
D．The shoes have to be washed by hand to protect the electronics.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear.”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．How the sneakers are charged.
B．How the sneakers can work well.
C．What images the sneakers show.
D．What technology the sneakers carry.
A 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed.”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电，故A项正确。
3．The varied prices of the sneakers mainly depend on ________.
A．the length of the shoes
B．the size of their EPanels
C．the designers of the shoes
D．the material of their bottoms
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the EPanels where the designs are displayed.”可知，该公司预计，这款鞋的价格范围将是150美元到1 000美元，这取决于展示这些设计的电子显示屏的尺寸，故B项正确。
4．How does the author feel about the sneakers’future market?
A．Negative. B．Anxious.
C．Uncertain. D．Confident.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据尾段最后一句“Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.”可知，尽管这些智能鞋子很有吸引力，但是它们是否会像我们的智能设备一样流行还有待观察；据此可推知，作者对这种鞋子的未来并不确定，故C项正确。
B
(2020·济南模拟)We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.
Blue light is a type of electromagnetic(电磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why bluelightblocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?
“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there’s no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，” Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told Business Insider.
Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn’t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain (眼疲劳): More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn’t the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the issue, bluelightblocking glasses are probably of little use.
【解题导语】 该文主要探讨了蓝光是否对我们的眼睛有害的问题。
5．What do we know about blue light?
A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.
B．It has the shortest wavelength.
C．It may come from electronic devices.
D．It consumes a great deal of energy.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.”可推知，电子设备会发出蓝光。
6．What causes the popularity of bluelightblocking glasses?
A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.
B．Belief in blue light’s harmful effect.
C．Widespread use of smart devices.
D．Scientific understanding of blue light.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why bluelightblocking glasses are so popular.”可知，防蓝光眼镜流行的原因是人们认为蓝光会对眼睛有害。
7．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.
B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.
C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.
D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的前三句“Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light.”可知，阳光是蓝光最大的来源，而且蓝光也存在于LED灯中。由此可推知，接触蓝光几乎是不可避免的。
8．According to the text, wearing bluelightblocking glasses may be ________．
A．tiring B．harmful
C．useless D．beneficial
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“So if eyestrain is the issue, bluelightblocking glasses are probably of little use.”可知，戴防蓝光眼镜可能是没有用处的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·大连一模)Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his __1__ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious(宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to __2__ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my fatherinlaw __3__ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, __4__ our family into a more terrible state.
In these circumstances I have two mental __5__： either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or __6__ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about selfconfidence and consistency, and __7__ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.
I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am __8__ today will build up my __9__. My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) __10__ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are parts of __11__. While good times make me happy, bad times __12__ the “inner” me.
Two months later, __13__， I have finally landed a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wife’s mental stress __14__ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still __15__！
As I am back on the track of normal life, I can __16__ say that the most important things that helped me __17__ the crisis(危机) were my consistent character of patience, and __18__ attitude towards life. So, while I wish you all the best life can __19__ you, I would highly recommend taking the same attitude towards life __20__ you are trapped in any of such situations.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者成功应对困境的故事从而启迪读者要一直保持积极的生活态度。
1．A.admission B．benefit
C．diploma D．permission
A 解析：根据该句中的“he might have to go to a less qualified school”可推知，作者的儿子失去了进入好学校的资格，与下文中的“My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still ______！”呼应。
2．A.share B．reduce
C．break D．raise
B 解析：根据上文可知，作者失业三个月，为了缩减生活开支作者从宽敞的公寓搬到了较小的公寓。
3．A.showed up B．set off
C．fell down D．passed away
D 解析：根据下文中的“Time has healed my wife’s mental stress ______ the death of her father.”可知，作者妻子的父亲过世了。pass away“去世”。
4．A.putting B．finding
C．forming D．lifting
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者的岳父一周前去世了，这使作者一家处于更糟糕的状态，put“使处于(某状态或情况)”符合语境。
5．A.problems B．concerns
C．choices D．activities
C 解析：根据空后的“either to feel upset...or ______ my negative thoughts”可推知，作者面对这种困境，有两种心理选择(choices)，与下文中的“I choose the second option”相呼应。
6．A.link B．replace
C．mix D．exchange
B 解析：固定搭配replace...with...意为“用……替代……”，与空前的“keep”形成对比，故选B。
7．A.regret B．stop
C．keep D．risk
C 解析：根据下文中的“I have finally landed a job”可推知，作者也可以保持积极的态度，继续申请新的工作。keep“继续”。
8．A.practicing B．suffering
C．producing D．relieving
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者选择以积极的态度继续申请新的工作，因为作者相信他现在遭受的(suffering)痛苦将增强他的毅力(character)。
9．A.intelligence B．body
C．character D．reputation
C 解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.careful B．hardworking
C．easygoing D．successful
D 解析：根据上文作者失去工作，儿子不能进入好的学校，岳父去世等一堆糟心的事，并结合该句“My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) ______ man one day.”可推知，作者相信自己有一天会成功。
11．A.life B．wealth
C．time D．health
A 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，作者明白好的阶段和坏的阶段都是生活的一部分，与下文中的“As I am back on the track of normal life”呼应。
12．A.hide B．destroy
C．strengthen D．kill
C 解析：根据该段第一句并结合语境可推知，艰难的时光会让作者韬光养晦，积蓄力量。
13．A.desperately B．unwillingly
C．hopefully D．fortunately
D 解析：根据语境可知，两个月后，作者幸运地(fortunately)找到了一份称心的工作。
14．A.regardless of B．due to
C．instead of D．apart from
B 解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，前果后因。due to“由于”符合语境。
15．A.occupied B．empty
C．open D．closed
C 解析：根据语境可知，新学年入学申请依然开放(open)，因此作者的儿子被另一所好学校录取。
16．A.disappointedly B．surprisedly
C．deliberately D．confidently
D 解析：根据上文中的“My strengths will then increase my confidence”可推知，当生活回到正轨时，作者信心满满(confidently)。
17．A.fight B．meet
C．change D．delay
A 解析：根据上文可知，作者战胜了(fight)危机，生活重新步入正轨。
18．A.general B．positive
C．friendly D．honest
B 解析：根据上文中的“applying for new jobs with positive attitude”并结合语境可推知，作者始终如一的坚毅性格和积极的(positive)生活态度帮助作者战胜了生活中的危机。
19．A.offer B．expect
C．manage D．send
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者祝愿人们万事如意。offer“给予”符合语境。
20．A.as if B．in that
C．now that D．in case
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者极力建议人们如果陷入像这样的境地，也以相同的态度面对生活。in case“如果，假使”。
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
thinker n． principle n.
resign vi. adviser n.
justice n. bark n.
leather n. category n.
fuel n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．kindness n． 善良
2．order n. 秩序
3．position n. 职位
4．stress vt. 强调
5．soft adj. 柔软的
6．condition n. 状况；条件；环境
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．equal adj.平等的→equality n．平等→equally adv.平等地
2．important adj.重要的→importance n．重要；重要性
3．influence n．影响→influential adj.有影响的
4．honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实
5．contribute v．贡献；捐献→contribution n．贡献
6．invent vt.发明→inventor n．发明家→invention n．发明
7．argue v．争论，议论→argument n．争论；辩论；议论
8．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由
1.名词后缀ness大观园
①kindness 善良
②blindness 盲目
③darkness 黑暗
④weakness 虚弱
⑤loneliness 寂寞
2.y结尾名词一览
①honesty 诚实
②difficulty 困难
③modesty 谦虚
④discovery 发现
⑤delivery 投递；交付
3.各种“争论”
①argument 争论；辩论
②discussion 讨论
③debate 争论；辩论
④quarrel 争吵
⑤dispute 争论；争端
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．be__at__war__with 与……交战
2．bring__up 养育；抚养
3．become__interested__in 对……感兴趣
4．be__proud__of 为……自豪
5．in__conclusion 总之
6．for__the__first__time 第一次
1.“at＋n.”短语荟萃
①at war 交战
②at peace 处于和平状态
③at hand 在手边
④at work 在工作
⑤at rest 在休息
⑥at table 在吃饭
2.sense相关短语多棱镜
①a sense of direction/humor 方向感/幽默感
②in a sense 从某种意义上说
③in no sense/way 决不
④make sense 讲得通；有道理
⑤make sense of 理解；弄懂
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：the way＋定语从句
Treat others in__the__way__you__want__to__be__treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
句型2：the reason why ... is that ...……的原因是……
Mencius believed that the__reason__why__man__is__different__from__animals__is__that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
句型3：“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调
However, we do__know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.
然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了第一块真正的钟表。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．He ordered(命令) us to leave at once, but nobody followed it.
2．Last week he resigned(辞职) and gave up the position(职位) as a manager because of poor health.
3．Edison kept trying out some new ideas until he invented(发明) what he wanted.
4．Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels(燃料) like coal, gas and oil.
5．Despite the variety of injuries, several principles(原则) of first aid can apply to all emergencies.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．What the professor stressed(stress) in the meeting yesterday is that health is very important for everyone.
7．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others’ kindness(kind) and rudeness.
8．If you want to succeed, I think that setting a goal for yourself is of great importance(important)．
9．We’re trying to make our newspaper become more and more influential(influence) in our country.
10．Such people as have made great contributions(contribute) to the world should be greatly respected.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·天津卷)With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.原理
2. (2019·江苏卷)After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 平等的
3．(2019·浙江卷6月) Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 紧张；短缺
4．(2019·天津卷) What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？种类；类别
Ⅲ.选词成篇
agree with; become interested in; for the first time; more than; be similar to
Li Hua 1.became__interested__in English when he began to learn it 2.for__the__first__time. Now he has learned 3.more__than 3，000 English words, and once got the first prize in an English competition. I 4.agree__with his opinion that interest is the best motivation.
be at war with; bring up; a sense of responsibility; be proud of; in conclusion
He used to 5.be__proud__of his hometown, a beautiful village where he was born and 6.brought__up. Now his country 7.is__at__war__with its neighboring country, so he has to leave his hometown for a living. Although he is a man with 8.a__sense__of__responsibility,__he is at a loss what to do for his hometown.
Ⅳ.完成语段
Honestly speaking, 1.the__way__you__learn__English(你学习英语的方法) is neither scientific nor effective. Besides, 2.the__reason__why__you__have__failed__in__the__exam__is__that(你考试失败的原因是) you haven’t made good use of your time to learn. Therefore, you 3.do__need(确实需要) some scientific learning methods.
equal v．等于，与……相等；比得上 adj.平等的；胜任的 n. 同等的人或物
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is equal to accomplishing(accomplish) the task, for no one equals him in the area. In other words, he is without equal.
②a.We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality(equal) of nations, big or small.
b．(福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.
[能力提升]——一句多译
尽管他和他们的身高相同，但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。
③They are of__the__same__height,__but no one can be__equal__to__him__in playing basketball.
④Though he is__equal__to__them__in__height,__no one can equal__him__in playing basketball.
(1)equal sb./sth.(in...) (在……方面) 比得上，与……匹敌；
与……相等
be equal to sth./doing sth.(in...)
(在……方面)与……相等；能胜任
(2)without (an) equal 无人可比的
(3)equally adv. 同样地；相等地
equality n. 相等；平等
[名师点津] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：
①be up to ②be fit for ③be qualified for
[词块助记]
enjoy equal rights 享有平等的权利
be equal in height 同等高度
be equal to anything 无所不能
order n．顺序；秩序；整齐；命令；订购 vt.命令；订购；安排
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①a.(北京卷)To catch the early flight, we ordered(order) a taxi in advance and got up very early.
b．(北京卷)Ordered(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
②a.The head teacher was strict. He ordered that boy students(should)__wear(wear) short hair.
b．He had to obey the order that he must finish the secret task ahead of time. must→should或删除must
[能力提升]——完成句子
③把你必须要做的事情列一个清单，然后按照重要性把它们进行排序。
Make a list of what you have to do, and put them in__order__of importance.
④我给他打了两次电话，可是没接通。电话线可能是出故障了。
I telephoned him twice but I couldn’t get through. The line might have been out__of__order．
(1)order sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order that...(should)＋do 命令……
(2)in order 井然有序；适宜的
out of order 紊乱的；出故障的
in order of 以……的顺序
(3)place an order for sth.(with sb.)
(和某人) 订购某物
[佳句背诵] All the things in the room were out of order, but she quickly put them in order.
房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井井有条了。
[名师点津] order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用(should＋)do形式。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。
[词块助记]
in the right/correct order 按照正确的顺序
obey orders 服从命令
stress n．压力，重压；强调 vt.重音；着重；强调；重读
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed(stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of greater and less importance.
b．(江苏卷) It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful(stress) society.
②(上海卷)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under,__the better your performance will be.
[能力提升]——一句多译
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。
③Teachers often stress__the__importance__of diligence in the approach to success. (stress v．)
④Teachers often lay/put/place__stress__on diligence in the approach to success. (stress n．)
(1)lay/put/place stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上；强调某事
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 为……所迫
(2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的
[佳句背诵] Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness.
研究表明微笑可以降低血压、舒缓压力、增进快乐。
[词块助记]
relieve stress 缓解压力
ease stress 减轻压力
condition n．状况；条件；环境
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(安徽卷)What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.
b．On no condition can we give up our dreams. Only if we stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.
②(安徽卷)In fact, it is many young people’s ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions(condition)．
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)You can borrow my book if you return it before Friday.
(高级表达)You can borrow my book on__condition__that you return it before Friday.
(1)be in good/bad/poor condition 状态良好/不佳
out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳
(2)on condition that 如果；在……条件下；倘若
on no condition 决不
(3)under...conditions 在……条件下
[名师点津] (1)condition表示“(工作或生活)环境”时，通常要用复数形式；表示“状况”时，为不可数名词，表示“条件”时，则为可数名词。
(2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
bring up 养育；抚养；提出(话题)；呕吐；教育
[一词多义]——写出下列句中bring up的含义
①He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, but got rejected.提出
②(福建卷) Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育
③They have very definite ideas on how to bring up children.养育
[能力提升]——完成句子
④(江西卷)Some people fear that air pollution may bring__about__changes(引起变化) in the weather around the world.
⑤(江西卷)The government plans to bring__in__new__laws(推行新法) forcing parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
bring about 引起，导致
bring back 归还；带回；(事物)使记起；恢复
bring down 使倒下；降低
bring in 吸引；引进；赚得
[佳句背诵]
Being brought up in the countryside made Mr. Wilson more hardworking than others.
在乡村被抚养长大使得威尔逊先生比他人更努力。
the way＋定语从句
(教材原句)Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The way that/which was put forward by him to do the experiment was similar to the way that you carried it out.
b．I will tell the way in which you can learn English well, because I know the way that/which you have accepted is not the best.
②(2019·北京卷) Most people believe the best way to__build(build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(湖北卷)使我吃惊的不是他说的什么而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was not__what__he__said__but__the__way__(that/in__which)__he__said__it．
(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语；
(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略；
(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。
[佳句背诵] ①The way people do things highlights many of the differences between cultures.
人们做事的方式突显了许多文化差异。
②Is this the way you can imagine of reducing air pollution？ 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？
the reason why...is that...……的原因是……
(教材原句)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didn’t learn it well.
b．Is this the reason__that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
②(全国卷Ⅲ)The reason for which I cannot accompany you to the bookstore is that I have to attend an important class meeting.
③a.Sorry, we are late. That’s because we were held up in the traffic jam.
b．We were held up in the traffic jam and that’s why we are late.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)People carry umbrellas in hot summer days because the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.
(高级表达)The__reason__why__people__carry__umbrellas__in__hot__summer__days__is__that__the__hot__sun__may__be__harmful__to__the__exposed__skin.(why引导的定语从句)
(1)the reason why ...is that ...，表示“……的原因是……”， 其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。
(2)reason常见的句式：
①the reason for sth./doing sth. is/was that ...
②the reason why/for which...is/was that ...
③the reason that/which＋定语从句＋ is/was that ...
(3)That/This is because...表示“这是因为……”，because引导的表语从句表示原因；That/This is why... 表示“这就是……的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。
[名师点津] the reason后接定语从句的引导词用why/for which还是用that/which，取决于其在定语从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；缺少状语用why或for which。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．Yet would it be surprising if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful(stress) and demanding as it is in China?
2．Honestly(honest), I find it hard to put up with my roommate these days, who is always returning late and making much noise.
3．As far as I’m concerned, I learn English not only because of its importance(important) but also because of my love for it.
4．Learning to read and write opens the door to a better job and better living conditions(condition)．
5．The boy, brought(bring) up in the countryside, has a strong interest in the colourful city life.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．In conclusion, there is no other better way that they can think of to deal with the problem.
2．The reason why the student was absent from class was not the reason that/which he gave me.
3．As your friend, I know how hard you have been studying Chinese and I am proud of your achievement.
4．The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once more to have a discussion.
5．How long do you think the two countries will be at war with each other?
维度三 派生词练习
1．He is a very influential person.He has an important influence on people’s ideas.(influence)
2．I dislike their argument but they often argue with each other about some small matters.(argue)
3．All men are born equal,__so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)
4．His great contributions to the company have contributed to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute)
5．The honest boy impressed all the employers with his honesty．(honest)
维度四 易错混用
1．(山东卷)The Smiths are praised for the way which they bring up their children.which→that或在which前加in或删除which
2．I thought him to be nice and honest for the first time I met him.删除for
3．He ordered that the students wore their special clothes during the military training.wore→wear
4．His parents were proud for what he had achieved in science and encouraged him to stick to his dream.for→of
5．To conclusion, changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience.To→In
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
Mr. Smith who 1.was__brought(bring) up in Texas was equal to 2.doing(do) the difficult job. The reason 3.why he became 4.an influential figure in the company is that he always worked 5.harder(hard) than anyone else. He stressed the 6.importance(important) of order, honesty and justice. He 7.invented(invent) several better management principles in order to improve the working 8.conditions(condition). And it turned out to be very effective. All his workmates thought that he made great contributions to the development of the company. Unfortunately, he was 9.in poor condition at the age of 60, so he 10.resigned(resign) several days ago.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：①该人物是谁；②该人物的主要贡献。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①知道你对中国历史很感兴趣，对此我感到很自豪。
I know that you are__interested__in__Chinese__history,__and I feel__very__proud__of it.
②我最喜欢的中国历史人物是张衡，因为他是一个无与伦比的发明家。
My favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng, because he was a__great__inventor__without__equal．
③他生于公元78年，并在一个大家庭中被抚养成人。
Born in 78 AD, he was__brought__up in a big family.
④在他的一生中有许多具有影响力的发明，其中包括著名的地震仪。
During his life, he made__many__influential__inventions,__including the famous seismograph.
⑤他为科学和人类社会的进步做出了巨大的贡献。
He made__great__contributions__to__the__progress of science and human society.
2．升级平淡句
⑥用“介词＋which”非限制性定语从句升级句①
I__know__that__you__are__interested__in__Chinese__history,__of__which__I__feel__very__proud.
⑦用“the reason why ... is that ... ”升级句②
The__reason__why__my__favourite__figure__in__Chinese__history__is__Zhang__Heng__is__that__he__was__a__great__inventor__without__equal.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I know that you are interested in Chinese history, of which I feel very proud. The reason why my favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng is that he was a great inventor without equal.
Born in 78 AD, he was brought up in a big family. During his life, he made many influential inventions, including the famous seismograph. In conclusion, he made great contributions to the progress of science and human society.
Yours，
Li Hua
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·沈阳教学质量监测一)
With smart technology increasingly influencing all aspects of our lives, it is only a matter of time before someone invents smart shoes—ones that can be made based on personal needs. Called “ShiftWear”， the sneakers are the brainchild of a team of businessmen, and engineers led by New Yorkbased designer David Coelho.
The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app. Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD patterns by famous artists or creating one themselves. The company’s founders imagine the marketplace where artists can not only share but also sell their designs to others. Despite being electronic, the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight. What’s even cooler is that by switching on backlight, users can even show their designs in the dark!
According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed. Though they will need periodic recharging, active users have nothing to worry about. That’s because the shoes are equipped with special WalkNCharge technology that powers the shoes—with every step. Inactive users also have options of charging the sneakers without using wires.
The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear. Even better, they are completely waterproof(防水的) and can even be thrown into an ordinary laundry machine for a quick wash! The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the EPanels where the designs are displayed.
This is not the first time that electronics and shoes have combined. Lithuaniabased iShuh Technologies has come up with a similar concept that connects ereader panels to a smart phone app via the Bluetooth. Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。
1．What can we know about the smart shoes from the text?
A．The electronic designs can not be seen clearly at night.
B．The designers make sure every pair of sneakers is unique.
C．The bottom part of the shoes can last longer due to special materials.
D．The shoes have to be washed by hand to protect the electronics.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear.”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．How the sneakers are charged.
B．How the sneakers can work well.
C．What images the sneakers show.
D．What technology the sneakers carry.
A 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed.”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电，故A项正确。
3．The varied prices of the sneakers mainly depend on ________.
A．the length of the shoes
B．the size of their EPanels
C．the designers of the shoes
D．the material of their bottoms
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the EPanels where the designs are displayed.”可知，该公司预计，这款鞋的价格范围将是150美元到1 000美元，这取决于展示这些设计的电子显示屏的尺寸，故B项正确。
4．How does the author feel about the sneakers’future market?
A．Negative. B．Anxious.
C．Uncertain. D．Confident.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据尾段最后一句“Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.”可知，尽管这些智能鞋子很有吸引力，但是它们是否会像我们的智能设备一样流行还有待观察；据此可推知，作者对这种鞋子的未来并不确定，故C项正确。
B
(2020·济南模拟)We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.
Blue light is a type of electromagnetic(电磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why bluelightblocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?
“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there’s no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，” Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told Business Insider.
Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn’t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain (眼疲劳): More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn’t the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the issue, bluelightblocking glasses are probably of little use.
【解题导语】 该文主要探讨了蓝光是否对我们的眼睛有害的问题。
5．What do we know about blue light?
A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.
B．It has the shortest wavelength.
C．It may come from electronic devices.
D．It consumes a great deal of energy.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.”可推知，电子设备会发出蓝光。
6．What causes the popularity of bluelightblocking glasses?
A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.
B．Belief in blue light’s harmful effect.
C．Widespread use of smart devices.
D．Scientific understanding of blue light.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why bluelightblocking glasses are so popular.”可知，防蓝光眼镜流行的原因是人们认为蓝光会对眼睛有害。
7．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.
B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.
C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.
D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的前三句“Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light.”可知，阳光是蓝光最大的来源，而且蓝光也存在于LED灯中。由此可推知，接触蓝光几乎是不可避免的。
8．According to the text, wearing bluelightblocking glasses may be ________．
A．tiring B．harmful
C．useless D．beneficial
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“So if eyestrain is the issue, bluelightblocking glasses are probably of little use.”可知，戴防蓝光眼镜可能是没有用处的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·大连一模)Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his __1__ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious(宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to __2__ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my fatherinlaw __3__ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, __4__ our family into a more terrible state.
In these circumstances I have two mental __5__： either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or __6__ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about selfconfidence and consistency, and __7__ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.
I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am __8__ today will build up my __9__. My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) __10__ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are parts of __11__. While good times make me happy, bad times __12__ the “inner” me.
Two months later, __13__， I have finally landed a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wife’s mental stress __14__ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still __15__！
As I am back on the track of normal life, I can __16__ say that the most important things that helped me __17__ the crisis(危机) were my consistent character of patience, and __18__ attitude towards life. So, while I wish you all the best life can __19__ you, I would highly recommend taking the same attitude towards life __20__ you are trapped in any of such situations.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者成功应对困境的故事从而启迪读者要一直保持积极的生活态度。
1．A.admission B．benefit
C．diploma D．permission
A 解析：根据该句中的“he might have to go to a less qualified school”可推知，作者的儿子失去了进入好学校的资格，与下文中的“My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still ______！”呼应。
2．A.share B．reduce
C．break D．raise
B 解析：根据上文可知，作者失业三个月，为了缩减生活开支作者从宽敞的公寓搬到了较小的公寓。
3．A.showed up B．set off
C．fell down D．passed away
D 解析：根据下文中的“Time has healed my wife’s mental stress ______ the death of her father.”可知，作者妻子的父亲过世了。pass away“去世”。
4．A.putting B．finding
C．forming D．lifting
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者的岳父一周前去世了，这使作者一家处于更糟糕的状态，put“使处于(某状态或情况)”符合语境。
5．A.problems B．concerns
C．choices D．activities
C 解析：根据空后的“either to feel upset...or ______ my negative thoughts”可推知，作者面对这种困境，有两种心理选择(choices)，与下文中的“I choose the second option”相呼应。
6．A.link B．replace
C．mix D．exchange
B 解析：固定搭配replace...with...意为“用……替代……”，与空前的“keep”形成对比，故选B。
7．A.regret B．stop
C．keep D．risk
C 解析：根据下文中的“I have finally landed a job”可推知，作者也可以保持积极的态度，继续申请新的工作。keep“继续”。
8．A.practicing B．suffering
C．producing D．relieving
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者选择以积极的态度继续申请新的工作，因为作者相信他现在遭受的(suffering)痛苦将增强他的毅力(character)。
9．A.intelligence B．body
C．character D．reputation
C 解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.careful B．hardworking
C．easygoing D．successful
D 解析：根据上文作者失去工作，儿子不能进入好的学校，岳父去世等一堆糟心的事，并结合该句“My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) ______ man one day.”可推知，作者相信自己有一天会成功。
11．A.life B．wealth
C．time D．health
A 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，作者明白好的阶段和坏的阶段都是生活的一部分，与下文中的“As I am back on the track of normal life”呼应。
12．A.hide B．destroy
C．strengthen D．kill
C 解析：根据该段第一句并结合语境可推知，艰难的时光会让作者韬光养晦，积蓄力量。
13．A.desperately B．unwillingly
C．hopefully D．fortunately
D 解析：根据语境可知，两个月后，作者幸运地(fortunately)找到了一份称心的工作。
14．A.regardless of B．due to
C．instead of D．apart from
B 解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，前果后因。due to“由于”符合语境。
15．A.occupied B．empty
C．open D．closed
C 解析：根据语境可知，新学年入学申请依然开放(open)，因此作者的儿子被另一所好学校录取。
16．A.disappointedly B．surprisedly
C．deliberately D．confidently
D 解析：根据上文中的“My strengths will then increase my confidence”可推知，当生活回到正轨时，作者信心满满(confidently)。
17．A.fight B．meet
C．change D．delay
A 解析：根据上文可知，作者战胜了(fight)危机，生活重新步入正轨。
18．A.general B．positive
C．friendly D．honest
B 解析：根据上文中的“applying for new jobs with positive attitude”并结合语境可推知，作者始终如一的坚毅性格和积极的(positive)生活态度帮助作者战胜了生活中的危机。
19．A.offer B．expect
C．manage D．send
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者祝愿人们万事如意。offer“给予”符合语境。
20．A.as if B．in that
C．now that D．in case
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者极力建议人们如果陷入像这样的境地，也以相同的态度面对生活。in case“如果，假使”。
相关资料
更多
