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外研版必修4Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges评课ppt课件
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这是一份外研版必修4Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges评课ppt课件，文件包含Module5第1课时ppt、Module5第1课时doc等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
A Trip Alng the Three Grges
1.1.1 集合的概念
第一课时 Intrductin & Reading
Ⅰ.速记单词(1)________(n.)平原(2)________(n.)高原(3)________(n.)(海、湖、河等的)岸(4)________(n.)迂路；绕行之路(5)________(n.)传奇；传说故事(6)wd(n.)木头，木材；(常作复数)树林→________(adj.)木制的；呆板的，无表情的
(7)flat(adj.)平坦的→________(n.)平坦；单调→________(n.)套房，公寓(8)surrund(vt.)围绕；环绕→____________(adj.)周围的，附近的→______________(n.)周围的事物；环境(9)________(n.)同事→fellw(n.)同事；家伙(同义词)(10)__________(adv.)向下游；随波而下→upstream(adv.)在上游；逆流(11)trade(v.)做生意；交易→_____________(n.)交易；贸易→________(n.)商人
surrundings
trading/trade
(12)________(adj.)多山的；丘陵起伏的→hill(n.)小山；丘陵→________(n.)多丘陵(13)________(vi.)变狭窄→narrw(adj.)狭窄的；勉强的→________(adv.)勉强地；狭隘地；差一点儿(14)________(adv.)遥远的→distance(n.)距离，路程→________(adv.)疏远地；遥远地；陌生地(15)explit(vt.)开发；利用→_____________(n.)开发，开采；利用→________(n.)开拓者；剥削者
Ⅱ.短语互译1．at the edge f _____________2．g n a trip ______3．arrive in/at ______4．spend sth. (in) ding sth ________________5．have fur weeks ff _________6．narrw t ______7．at least _____
8．通过；经历 __________9．有大量的…… ____________10．拍照 ___________11．指着 _______12．对……印象深刻：被……所感动 _________________13．打算做 __________14．利用 ________________
be heavy with
take pictures
be impressed by/with
take advantage f
Ⅲ.完成句子1．他和一位同事要在一所教师培训学校教授两年英语。He and a clleague________________tw years there teaching English at a teacher training cllege.(be t d表示将来)2．它们主要运输货物和沿河做买卖的人。They are mainly fr gds and peple___________________. (现在分词短语作后置定语)3．当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候，阳光灿烂极了。The sun was shining brightly____________dwnstream thrugh a hilly regin.(时间状语从句)
were t spend
trading alng the river
as we sailed
4．我们能看到太阳在白塔后西沉。We culd__________________behind the white pagda.(see sb./sth ding结构) 5．穿过长江第一峡——瞿塘峡时，我们正在睡梦中。We slept thrugh the first grge，______________the Qutang Grge.(非限制性定语从句)6．远山上写着20英尺见方的汉字。____________________________in 20ft characters.(倒装结构)
see the sun setting
which is called
On a distant muntain was a sign
Ⅳ.语篇理解Step 1 IntrductinMatch the fllwing wrds with the pictures.A．cave B．cliff C．lake D．plain E．plateau F．shre G．slpe H．valley I．wd
Step 2 FastreadingⅠ.Read the passage fast and answer the fllwing questins.1．Wh tk a trip alng the Three Grges?__________________________________________________2．Where were they frm?__________________________________________________3．Where did they start their trip?__________________________________________________4．When did they start their trip?__________________________________________________
Ⅱ.True (T) r False (F)．1．They tk the bat upstream t start the trip. ( )2．When they gt t Fengdu, the sun was setting. ( )3．They passed thrugh the Wu Grge n a beautiful afternn.( )4．There are lts f histrical places f interest alng the Yangtze River.( )5．When they reached the site f the dam nly the freigners came t lk.( )
Step 3 CarefulreadingⅠ.Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks accrding t the descriptin under the map.
1．As the sun set we dcked there. We culd see the sun setting behind the white pagda.2．We slept thrugh the grge, which narrws t 350 feet as the river rushes thrugh the twmilehigh muntains.3．There, we made a detur up the Daning River t see sme f the smaller grges.4．It was a lvely mrning as we went thrugh it.5．We sailed int the cnstructin site f the dam as we came ut f it.6．We tk pictures and pinted at the site.1．____________ 2____________ 3.____________4．____________ 5.____________ 6.____________
Ⅱ.Chse the best answers accrding t the passage.1．The writer wrte this passage in rder t________.A．tell abut his experience as a teacher in ChinaB．tell abut his first visit t the Three GrgesC．tell abut his first ride n a bat alng the Yangtze RiverD．tell abut the Three Grges Dam
2．What will they d at a teacher training cllege in the twn f Fuling n the Yangtze River?A．They will be trained.B．They will wrk as teachers.C．They will g sightseeing.D．They will learn frm thers.
3．Why did their clleagues suggest they nt g n the Jiangyu bat?A．Because the tickets fr the Jiangyu bat are expensive.B．Because they are nly fr gds.C．Because they dn't carry freigners.D．Because they are crwded and mainly fr gds and peple trading alng the river.
4．The writer mentined Qu Yuan t________.A．intrduce the birthplace f Qu YuanB．help us t learn mre abut Qu YuanC．shw respect fr the pet whse hme was the Xiang RiverD．shw there's much histry alng the Yangtze River5．This passage is rganised by means f________.A．time and eventsB．descriptinsC．pinins and examplesD．facts and feelings
Step 4 SummaryFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.In August, 1996, Peter Hessler, a yung American teacher f English, arrived in the twn f Fuling n the Yangtze River. He and a 1.________were t teach English at a teacher training cllege. At the end f January they had fur weeks ff fr the Spring Festival. They decided t take a bat , tgether with the lcal peple 3.________alng the river, gt n the 4.________f the Jiangyu bat. The sun was shining brightly as they sailed dwnstream thrugh a 5._______regin. They slept thrugh the Qutang Grge. The grge
6.________t 350 feet as the river 7.________thrugh the twmilehigh muntains. The next day they went thrugh the Wu Grge. Alng the Yangtze River, every rck lks like a persn r an animal, every stream that jined the great river carried its 8. ________， every hill was 9.______with the past. As they came ut f the third grge, the Xiling Grge, they sailed int the cnstructin site f the dam. On a distant muntain was a sign in 20ft characters. “Build the Three Grges Dam, 10.________the Yangtze River，” it said.
Step 5 DiscussinIs there anywhere yu wuld particularly like t visit n yur hlidays? And why?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Step 1 1～9 FGDAB HIECStep 2 Ⅰ Hessler and his clleague2．They were frm America.3．The twn f Fuling.4．On a beautiful afternn.Ⅱ.1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.FStep 3 Ⅰ 2.the Qutang Grge 3.Wushan 4.the Wu Grge 5.the Xiling Grge 6.the Three Grges DamⅡ.1～5 BBDDAStep 4 1.clleague 2.dwnstream 3.trading 4.deck 5.hilly 6.narrws 7.rushes 8.legends 9.heavy 10.Explit
Step 5 ①Yeah, I guess the best places t me are beaches. Yu see, I really like beaches because I just like watching the water cme in and I lve riding up and dwn the waves as they cme int the shre. S places like Qingda and Dalian are great places t me.②Yes, I'd lve t visit Xinjiang if I have a chance. Xinjiang is in the western part f China. The peple there are mst minrities, and I've seen the landscape in sme pictures. It's incredible. If I travel t Xinjiang, I'll take a train s that I can see the landscape thrughut the jurney.
1.plain n．[C] 平原Is the plain alng the river gd fr farming?河畔的平原易于发展农业吗？
知识拓展plain adj. 清楚的；明白的；易懂的The markings alng the rute are quite plain.路线沿途的标志都十分清楚。He made it plain t us that he did nt wish t cntinue.他向我们明确表示他不想继续下去。The stry is written in plain English.这个故事是用简单的英语写的。
即学即用语法填空The weather reprt says there is a large area f raining in Nrth China ________ tmrrw.答案：Plain 考查名词。plain“平原”，Nrth China Plain意为“华北平原”。句意为：天气预报说明天华北平原将有一次大面积的降雨。
2．shre n. 岸；滨①We walked alng the seashre.我们沿着海岸走。②The ship was anchred ff shre.船停泊在离岸不远的地方。
辨析：bank, beach, cast, seaside与shre上述几个词都含有“(海)岸；边”之意。(1)bank“河岸；堤岸”；指河流两旁高出水面的地方。The ld man used t sit n the river bank t fish.那位老人过去常常坐在河岸上钓鱼。(2)beach“海(湖、河)滩；水滨”；指由于受潮水冲刷而形成的由细沙或卵石覆盖的平缓的斜坡。The children are playing with sand alng the beach.孩子们在海滩上玩沙。
(3)cast“海岸；海岸线”；是地理上的专有名词，指海洋与陆地的分界线，有清晰的边界概念。它不能用来指河岸或湖岸。Shanghai lies n the east cast f China.上海位于中国东海岸。(4)seaside“海滨”；尤指度假胜地。Many English peple like t g t the seaside fr their hlidays and lie n the beach in the sun.许多英国人去海滨度假，并躺在海滩上晒太阳。
(5)shre“岸；滨”；含义广泛，可指围绕海洋、河流及湖泊旁边的陆地，含有与水相对的意味(in shre“近岸”，n shre“在岸上”，ff shre“离岸”)。They saw a bat a mile frm the shre.他们离海岸大约一英里处看到一条小船。
即学即用用bank, shre, cast, beach或seaside填空。(1)There is an island called Liu Gng Island ff the________f Wei Hai.(2)I decided t g t the________t spend my summer vacatin, where we can enjy the cl sea water, the sunshine lying n the________.(3)With great difficulty, we pushed the man in the sea nt the________.(4)My brther lives n the ther________f the lake.答案：(1)cast (2)seaside; beach (3)shre (4)bank
3．flat adj. 平坦的；扁平的I need smething flat t write n.我需要一块平的东西好在上面写字。Peple used t think the earth was flat.人们过去认为地球是扁平的。That building has a flat rf.那座建筑物有一个平顶。
知识拓展flat n．[C]套房；公寓D yu live in a flat?你住在公寓里吗？The new blck f flats is very beautiful in the nearby twn.附近镇上新建的那排公寓看起来非常漂亮。
辨析：flat与 smthI need a flat surface t write this letter.我需要一个平整的地方写这封信。Hw d yu keep yur skin s smth?你是怎么让你的皮肤保持如此光滑的？
即学即用语法填空Elephants have their wn way t tell the shape f an bject and whether it is rugh r ________.答案：smth smth“光滑的”。此处用smth，与rugh对应。句意为：大象有自己的方法来判断物体的形状，以及它是粗糙还是光滑。
4．surrund vt.围绕；环绕；(使)包围；围住①Snwcapped muntains surrund the city.雪山包围着这座城市。②He surrunded the garden with a fence.他用篱笆围住那座花园。③Premier Li Keqiang was surrunded by/with reprters.李克强总理被记者包围住了。
知识拓展 使……包围……be surrunded by/with... 被……所包围(环绕)surrunding adj.周围的surrundings n．环境
④Winter was cming and the hills threatened the surrunding villages with destructin.冬季即将来临，这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁⑤Schumacher adapted effrtlessly t his new surrundings.舒马赫毫不费力地适应了他的新环境。
辨析：surrundings与envirnmentThey are living in pleasant surrundings.他们生活在舒适的环境中。It is highly imprtant t preserve the envirnment.保护自然环境至关重要。
即学即用完成句子①政府出动军队包围了抗议者。The gvernment has______________the prtesters ________trps.②一道高墙把整个监狱围了起来。A high wall________the prisn.＝The prisn________a high wall.③动物园里的动物不是生活在自然环境之中。Animals in the z are nt living in their________________.
④当尼罗河泛滥时，它总在附近的田地留下冲积淤泥。When the River Nile verflws, leaves sediment(沉积物)n the__________________fields.答案：①surrunded; with ②surrunds；is surrunded with/by ③natural surrundings ④surrunding
5．gds n. 货物；美德①There's large varieties f gds in the shps.商店内有品种繁多的货物。②That by has the gds.那个孩子具有美德。注意：英语中有些复数名词可表示特定意义。wrks工厂；wds森林；ashes灰烬；means方法；manners礼貌；games运动会
(1)只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。The gds are f gd quality.这些商品质量好。(2)可以与these, thse, all, a lt f, many等词连用，但不与数词连用。these/all/a lt f gds 这些/所有/许多货物tw/three pieces f gds 两/三件货物
即学即用语法填空—Why dn't yu d sme shpping in the secndhand stre?—Well, the ________ there are cheaper, but nt as gd.答案：gds gds为一般生活或商业用词，指销售或购入的商品。根据语境可知，应用gds。
6．dwnstream adv.向下游；随波而下 adj. 下游的The sil frm the riverbanks is washed dwnstream.河堤的土壤被冲向下游。The dwnstream current was swift after the fld.洪水之后下游的水流很急。
知识拓展upstream adv.在上游；逆流 adj.上游的；溯流而上的We tk a cane upstream.我们乘着独木舟逆流而上。Factries upstream frm us plluted the river.在我们上游的工厂污染了河流。
即学即用语法填空It is reprted that Three Grges Dam has started t increase its water release t ease severe drught plaguing ________ ricegrwing areas.答案：dwnstream 考查形容词。dwnstream“下游的”。句意为：据报道，三峡大坝开始加大下泄流量，以缓解下游水稻耕种区的严重旱情。
7．trade n. 贸易；买卖；商业；交易①Trade between the tw cuntries has increased.两国之间的贸易增多了。②Trade with ther cuntries is imprtant.与其他国家进行贸易很重要。v. 做买卖；做生意，从事贸易Our prducts are nw traded wrldwide.我们的产品在销往世界各地。
知识拓展(1)trade sth. with sb.与某人交换某物trade in 做……生意 sth... 以旧换新；以……交换……；以……换取……①She traded her psters fr his CD.她以海报换取他的光盘。②If yu dn't like yur bk, I'll trade with yu.如果你不喜欢你的书，我和你交换。(2)trader n. 商人；商船trade mark 商标
即学即用D yu knw that Britain trades ________ many Eurpean cuntries ________ furs and skins?答案：with; in trade with...意为“与……做生意”； trade in...意为“做……生意”；表示“与某人在某方面做生意”时，应该用trade with sb. in sth.。
8．narrw adj.(1)狭窄的；窄小的There was nly a narrw gap between the bed and the wall.床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。(2)勉强的；刚刚好的He lst the race by the narrwest f margin.他因极小的差距在赛跑中落败。
(3)狭隘的；目光短浅的She has a very narrw view f the wrld.她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。v. 使窄小；变窄；缩小We need t narrw the health divide between the rich and the pr.我们需要缩小穷人和富人的健康差距。
知识拓展(1)narrw dwn 减少；限制；缩小；变窄 把……局限在……之内(2)narrwminded adj. 气量小的；狭隘的narrwish adj. 有些狭窄的narrwly adv. 狭窄地；勉强地；好容易(才)
即学即用语法填空(1)The final scre f the basketball match was 9394. We were nly________(narrw)beaten.答案：narrwly 句意为“篮球比赛最后的比分是93比94。我们险些被打败”。narrwly符合句意。(2)(天津高考改编)Parents and children shuld cmmunicate mre t ________ the gap between them s that they can understand each ther better.答案：narrw 本题考查动词的用法。句意：父母和孩子应该多交流缩小他们的代沟以便他们能够更好地相互理解。narrw“使变窄”，符合句意。
9．distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的……The airprt was abut 20 kilmeters distant.机场大约二十公里远。
知识拓展(1)固定搭配：be distant frm 离……遥远The schl is three miles distant frm the twn.那所学校离城3英里远。(2)distance n．距离，路程；[C，U]远处，远方What's the distance between Lndn and Paris?伦敦和巴黎之间有多远？It is quite a distance frm Beijing t Guangzhu.从北京到广州相当远。
(3)distance构成的固定搭配：at a distance 隔开一些，稍远一些The picture lks better at a distance.这幅画稍远一些看更好。in the distance在远处，在远方I culd hear a vice in the distance.我可以听见远处传来的说话声。
即学即用完成句子(1)The sund f waterfall can be heard________ ________ ________f tw miles.(2)It was difficult t get t knw her because she always________everyne________ ________ ________.(3)I have nly seen the building________ ________ ________ .
(4)The picture lks better________ ________ ________.(5)A ship culd be seen________ ________ ________ .答案：(1)frm a distance (2)keep; at a distance (3)in the distance (4)at a distance (5)in the distance
10．explit vt.开拓，开发，开采；利用；剥削，榨取①I think we're being very shrtsighted in nt expliting ur wn cal.我想我们不开采利用自己的煤矿实在是目光短浅。②Yu shuld explit this pprtunity t g abrad.你应该利用这个机会到国外去。③The bss explited his men fr his wn ends.老板为自己的目的而剥削员工。
巧学助记explit含义面面观
即学即用完成句子①许多国家在海底开采石油。Many cuntries____________________under the sea.②该公司用工时长工资低的方法来剥削工人。The cmpany__________________________with lng hurs and lw pay.
语法填空③We need t make sure that we________ur resurces as fully as pssible.答案：①explit il ②explited its wrkers ③explit 考查动词词义。句意；我们需要确保我们充分利用我们的资源。explit利用；符合句意。
1.at the edge f 在……的边缘We played at the edge f the playgrund n Sunday.星期天，我们在操场边玩耍。
知识拓展have the edge n 比……强n edge 紧张不安n the edge f 在……边上set sb.'s teeth n edge 使生气
辨析：at the edge f与n the edge f(1)n the edge f在……的边上；指在物体的表面之上。Dn't put the glass n the edge f the table in case it will fall and break.不要把瓶子放在桌子边，免得掉下来打碎了。(2)at the edge f指“在……的边缘上”；并不特指在物体的表面上We culd hear birds whistling at the edge f the wds.我们能够听见小鸟在树林边欢叫。
即学即用完成句子(1)The sldiers are drilling________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (在草地的边上)．(2)He is sitting________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (桌子的边上)．(3)Tm used t live________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(一个湖边上)．答案：(1)at the edge f a meadw(2)n the edge f a table(3)by the side f a lake
2．knw abut sth./sb.了解；知道……的情况I happened t knw abut him.我碰巧知道他的情况。
辨析：knw abut与knw fknw abut表示“了解；知道……情况”。knw f表示“听说过；知道”。①Hw much d yu knw abut him?你对他了解多少？②I dn't knw Mr. Smith, but I knw f him.我不认识史密斯先生，但我听说过他。
即学即用语法填空He is knwn________us all________his gd spken—English.答案：t; fr be knwn t sb. fr sth. 意为：因……而为……熟知，句意：他因自己的好的英语口语而为我们了解。
3．at least 至少It will take yu at least 20 minutes t get there.到那里你至少要花20分钟。
知识拓展(1)反义短语：at mst 至多(2)at least根据语境的不同，主要有以下几种意义：①I think yu shuld at least cnsider his ffer.我认为无论如何你都应该考虑他的建议。②The film wasn't interesting, but at least it filled the time.电影没有多少意思，但至少打发了时间。
③Mary was depressed all evening. Or at least it seemed that way.玛丽整晚情绪都很低，至少看起来如此。(3)nt in the least(＝nt at all) 一点也不Yu are nt disturbing me in the least.你一点也没打扰我。
即学即用语法填空The huse still needed a lt f wrk, but________the kitchen was finished.答案：at least 考查介词短语。at least “至少；起码”。句意为“房子仍需大量的工作，但起码厨房是完工了。”
4．g thrugh(1)经历；经受；大多指痛苦的事情。He wuld g thrugh fire and water fr his cuntry.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。(2)仔细检查；审查They went thrugh ur luggage at the custms.海关人员仔细地检查了我们的行李。(3)浏览；翻阅We spent several days ging thrugh all related reference materials.我们花了好几天的时间查了相关的参考资料。
(4)通过；穿过；其宾语常常是立体的东西。Can the table g thrugh the dr?这张桌子能过得了那扇门吗？(5)完成；做完I've gne thrugh all the envelpes I bught last week.我已用完了上周买的所有信封。(6)花完；用掉Hw lng will it take yu t g thrugh the bk?看完这本书你得用多长时间？
知识拓展g after 追赶；追求(职位、奖赏等)g by 走过(某处)；(时间)过去；流逝g ahead 前进；请说(做)吧g alng 向前进；一起去(with sb.)g n 继续g against 背叛；违背；违反g ut 外出；(火，灯)熄灭
g away 走开；拿走；带走(with sth.)g ver 越过……；温习g back 回来；追溯到……(t)g up 登(爬)上；(价格、气温等)上升g in fr 爱好；从事g all ut 全力以赴
即学即用完成句子①这种材料太硬，连最粗的针也扎不进去。The material is s stiff that even the thickest needle wn't________________.②他们在战争年代里历尽千辛万苦。They________________many hardships during the war.③Yu have n idea what I’ve had t________during the last few mnths.答案：①g thrugh ②went thrugh③g thrugh 考查动词短语。句意：你不知道过去几个月我经历了什么。g thrugh经历，经受，符合句意。
1.The shre is the area where the land meets the sea r a lake.岸就是陆地与海洋或湖泊汇合的地方。本句中使用了由where引导的定语从句。where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；where本身在从句中作地点状语，从句的前面不仅可以用表示“地点”的名词作先行词，还可以用表示地点含义的抽象名词作先行词。where有时相当于“介词＋关系代词”。
①There are cases where the wrd“mighty”is used as an adverb.在这些情况下，“mighty”可用作副词。②He is unlikely t find the place where/in which he lived frty years ag.他不大可能找到他40年前居住过的地方。
即学即用语法填空(1)The girl arranged t have pian lessns at the training centre with her sister________she wuld stay fr an hur.答案：where 句意：这位女孩安排在培训中心和她的妹妹上钢琴课，在那儿她要呆上一个小时。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词the training center.
(2)—Can yu believe I had t pay 30 dllars fr a haircut?—Yu shuld try the barber's________I g.It's nly 15.答案：where 句意：—你是否相信我理一个发要付30美元？—你应该去试试我去的理发店。只花15美元。本题考查定语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。(3)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet __________life has develped gradually.答案：where 考查定语从句。先行词the planet在定语从句中需作地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句。
2．A lake is an area f water surrunded by land.湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。本句使用了过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which is surrunded by land，其具体用法如下：(1)过去分词作定语常常位于其所修饰的名词前；过去分词短语作定语时，常常位于其所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。When I gt hme I saw a message pinned t the dr(＝which was pinned t the dr) reading, “Srry t miss yu; will call later.”我到家的时候，看到门上别着一个留言条，上面写着：“很遗憾没见到你，过会儿再来。”
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，而表示完成。biled water＝water that has biled 开(过的)水fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen 落叶(3)有些过去分词作定语既表示被动，又表示完成。即过去分词可以独立表示完成意义的被动语态。①He tld us f the great wrng dne t him.＝He tld us f the great wrng which had been dne t him.他给我们讲述了他所蒙受的巨大冤屈。
②Mst f the invited(＝wh had been invited)t the party were frm Suth Africa.受邀请到会的大部分艺术家都来自南非。 (4)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，且与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该动词后使用必要的介词。He is the by lked after by his elder sister.他就是由姐姐照看的那个男孩。
(5)过去分词作定语，如果强调该动作正在被完成，则将“being＋过去分词”置于被修饰的名词之后。Have yu nticed the bridge being built there？＝Have yu nticed the bridge which is being built there?你注意到那儿正在建造的那座桥了吗？另外，过去分词可作非限制性定语，因其不属于被修饰名词不可缺少的定语，前面常用逗号与被修饰名词隔开。The Olympic Games, first played in 776BC, did nt include wmen players until 1912.奥运会始创于公元前776年，直到1912年才允许女选手参加。
即学即用语法填空(1)Mrs. White shwed her students sme ld maps ______(brrw) frm the library.答案：brrwed 句意：怀特老师给她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。及物动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，既表被动，亦表完成，故用brrwed。
(2)I'm calling t enquire abut the psitin________ (advertise)in yesterday's China Daily.答案：advertised 句意：我在电话查询昨天在《中国日报》上做广告的那个工作岗位。此题考查过去分词短语作定语的用法。“advertised in...”表示动作既被动又完成，意为“被做广告的……”。(3)S far nbdy has claimed the mney ________(discver) in the library.答案：discvered 句意：迄今为止，没有人认领在图书馆发现的钱。本题考查非谓语动词作定语，因mney与discver之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语，表完成，表被动。
(4)(浙江高考改编)“It's such a nice place.” Mther said as she sat at the table ________(reserve) fr custmers.答案：reserved 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：妈妈坐在为顾客预定的桌子旁边时说“这是如此好的一个地方”。此处为非谓语动词作定语。不定式作定语表示将来的动作；现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行；过去分词作定语，表完成和被动；现在分词的完成时不能做限制性定语，故用reserved。
3．He and a clleague were t spend tw years there teaching English at a teacher training cllege.他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。本句使用了be t d sth.表示“按照计划或根据安排将要进行某个动作”。We are t meet at the schl gate.我们约定在校门口见面。不定式用完成式，则表示“未曾实现的计划”，可译为“本来打算”。We were t have tld yu, but yu were nt in.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。
知识拓展be t d的其他用法：(1)表示可能性、必要、责任、义务、禁止等。Yu are t make the necessary changes.你要做出必要的改变。Her necklace was nt t be fund.她的项链找不到了。Yu aren't t g ut tday.你今天不准出去。
(2)“注定”，表示将来不可避免要发生的事。As a yung man he didn't knw that he was t becme famus later n.年轻时，他不知道后来会出名。(3)be t blame表示“该受责备，对某事应负责任”，这种结构用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。Which driver is t blame fr the accident?这个事故是哪个司机的责任？
辨析：表示“将来时态”的几种形式的区别(1)will/shall表示单纯的将来(即现在之后), will还可以表示“决心”“意愿”；shall用来第一、三人称的问句中，还可以表示征求对方的意见。He will be back in a few days.他过几天就会回来。If it desn't rain tmrrw, we will g climbing.如果明天不下雨，我们就去爬山。
(2)“be ging t＋动词原形”多用于口语，强调事先“打算，计划要做的事情或有某种迹象要发生的事情”。What are yu ging t d this evening?今天晚上你要做什么？(3)be abut t d则表示“即将发生的动作或动作刚要开始”，该结构不与表时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，但可以用在“be abut t d when...”结构中，表达“刚要……，这时……”。The English party was abut t begin when the lights went ut.英语晚会刚要开始，这时灯灭了。
(4)be ding表示现在进行时。现在进行时表示即将发生的事情，多与表示位移的动词(cme, g, arrive, leave, fly, start等)连用。She is leaving fr Beijing.她就要启程去北京。(5)一般现在时表示将来时，主要用于时间状语从句或条件状语从句中；或者用来表示按时刻表的规定将要发生的动作。I'll tell him abut it as sn as I see him.我一见到他就告诉他这件事。
即学即用语法填空(1)The discvery f gld in Australia led thusands t believe that a frtune ________(make)．答案：was t be made 句意：在澳洲发现了金矿，使得成千上万的人们相信他们将会发财。此题考查时态和语态。由句意可知，宾语从句表示的是从过去某时来看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时态，且宾语从句的谓语动词与从句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动。
(2)Tm was abut t clse the windw________his attentin was caught by a bird.答案：when 句意：汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只小鸟吸引住了。考查“be abut t ”这一结构，表示“正要干……突然发生……”。
4．They are mainly fr gds and peple trading alng the river.这些船主要乘载货物和沿河做生意的人。trading alng the river现在分词短语作定语修饰peple。现在分词作定语，如果是单个词则放在被修饰词的前面；如果是短语，则常放在被修饰词的后面。①The girl standing there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。②The rising sun lks very beautiful.冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。
即学即用语法填空The traffic rule says yung children under the age f fur and________(weigh) less than 40 punds must be in a child safety seat.答案：weighing 句意：交通规则规定不满四岁不到40镑的儿童必须坐儿童安全座位。此处为定语，与所修饰的名词children之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。weigh为不及物动词，意为“有……重量；称起来”。
5．That sunded fine t me.对我来说，那听起来不错。sund“听起来”，用作连系动词，后常接形容词、名词、like介词短语。类似的短语还有：feel, lk, smell, taste。The fd tastes gd.这食物尝起来不错。
即学即用语法填空—Shall we g ut fr dinner tnight?—That________(sund)great.答案：sunds 考查交际用语。由第一句话可知，这是提出一个建议；That sunds great是对对方提议的肯定和赞成。
6．The sun was shining brightly as we sailed dwnstream thrugh a hilly regin.当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候，阳光灿烂极了。(1)was shining brightly是过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。过去的时间可用时间状语表示，也可由上下文暗示。①He was watching TV when I came in.我进来时他在看电视。
②—What were yu ding this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你在做什么？—I was writing a letter.我在写一封信。 (2)as在这儿引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。As he grew lder he became less active.随着年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。
即学即用语法填空(1)—Have yu finished reading Jane Eyre?—N, I ________(d) my hmewrk all day yesterday.答案：was ding 句意：——《简·爱》一书你读完了吗？——没有。我昨天一直在做作业。在过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作应用过去进行时态表示。
(2)I walked slwly thrugh the market, where peple ________(sell) all kinds f fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bught what I needed.答案：were selling 句意：我慢慢地走过市场，人们在那里卖各种水果和蔬菜。我仔细研究了一下价格，买了我需要的东西。因为人们正在市场上卖东西，且整个句子都用了过去时态，故用过去进行时。
(3)(福建高考改编)—When did the cmputer crash? —This mrning, while I ________ (srt) the reading materials dwnladed frm sme websites.答案：was srting 本题考查动词时态。句意：——电脑什么时候坏的。——今天早上，我在分拣从网站上下载的阅读材料时坏的。由时间状语this mrning可知，此处用过去时态，且我正在分拣材料，故应用过去进行时态。
7．On a distant muntain was a sign in 20ft characters.远山上写着20英尺大的汉字。本句中由于地点状语放在了句首，且主语是名词a sign，所以使用了完全倒装。1)Out rushed the by when I entered.当我进来的时候，那男孩冲出去了。2)Frm the valley came a frightening sund.山谷里传来了可怕的声音。
知识拓展谓语动词前置的完全倒装结构(1)当句首为ut, in, up, dwn, away, ff, here, there, nw, then等表示方向的副词时，如果句中的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)Be quick! Here cmes the bus.快点！车过来了。
(2)当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)On the tp f the hill stands a temple.山顶上坐落着一座庙。注意：以上这两种句式，如果句子的主语为代词，主谓语序则不倒装。Dwn he went.他下来了。
即学即用语法填空(1)—Is everyne here?—Nt ，there________(cme) the rest f ur guests!答案：cme 句意：—都来了吗？—还没呢。看，剩下的客人来了。本句采用了倒装语序，主语是the rest f the guests，故谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialing River________(坐落着重庆), ne f the ten largest cities in China.答案：lies Chngqing 句意：在扬子江与嘉陵江的汇合处，坐落着中国最大的十大城市之一的重庆。本题考查倒装句。由于本句的结构是地点状语提前，常用倒装句；而根据语境，是说明地理现状的，故属于一般现在时态，而表达这些静止性状态的动词谓语常常是直接提前，构成倒装，而不需要添加助动词。
(3)Fr a mment nthing happened. Then________vices all shuting tgether. 答案：came 考查特殊句式。副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，故用came。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．His rapid prmtin caused much bad feeling amng his ________(同事)．2．The ________(平的) cuntryside stretched ut as far as the eye culd see.3．In rder t widen the rad, they had t ________(变窄) the pavement.4．The QinghaiTibet________ (高原) has lng been knwn as “the Rf f the Wrld”．
5．If ________ (货物)are nt well made yu shuld cmplain t the manufacturer.6．We met in late fall sunshine, lking fr the beautiful________(传奇)．7．She has always been ________ (围绕) with fashinable friends.8．A________ (遥远的) relative is nt as gd as a near neighbur.
9．He built up wealth by ________ (做生意)with ther cuntries.10．If these resurces are ________ (开发), they will prduce great ecnmic pwer.答案：1.clleagues 2.flat 3.narrw 4.Plateau 5.gds6．legend 7.surrunded 8.distant 9.trading 10.explited
Ⅱ.完成句子1．We had t ________ ________ ________(绕道) arund the quakestricken areas.2．T g abrad t study, yu shuld ________(至少)master the language.3．________ ________ ________ ________ (在……的边缘)the lake，wmen are ding their washing.4．These range trees ________ ________ ________(充满) fruit this year because f the fine weather.
5．He________ ________ (经历了) many difficulties befre he succeeded.6．Sme students ften ________ ________ ________(利用) the lunch hur t finish their hmewrk.7．We are______ ______ ________ ________ ________ (去旅行) the Yellw River this summer.8．Fr centuries, native Americans ________ ________(与……做生意) Eurpean settlers.
9．Peter________ ________ ________ (对……印象深刻) the Yangtze River.10．There was an island 3 miles ______ ______ ________(离海岸)．答案：1.make a detur 2.at least 3.At the edge f 4.are heavy with 5.went thrugh 6.take advantage f 7.ging n a trip t 8.traded with 9.was impressed by 10.ff the cast
Ⅲ.语法填空1. —Where is yur new pencilbx, Tm?—I've ________ it fr this kite.答案：traded 句意：——汤姆，你的新铅笔盒呢？——我拿它换了这个风筝。trade sth. fr sth.“用……换……”。2．The rm is________ with warmth when all the peple are cheering.答案：heavy 句意：当所有的人欢呼的时候，屋子里充满了温暖。考查be heavy with“有大量的，充满……的”，符合题意。
3．I culd see a car in________distance, but culdn't make ut what clr it was.答案：the 句意：我能看到远处的小汽车，但是看不清是什么颜色的。in the distance“在远处”，指比较远的距离，符合句意。4．In the cmpetitin f this internatinal tennis turnament, she ________(narrw) wn the champinship.答案：narrwly 句意：在这次国际乒乓球锦标赛上，她幸运地赢得冠军。narrwly“差一点”。
5．Mre and mre peple chse t shp in a supermarket as it ffers a great ________(vary) f gds.答案：variety 句意：越来越多的人选择超市购物，因为它提供各种各样的商品。a great variety f“许多种类的”，符合句意。6．Yu can hear the birds singing ________ the edge f the wds.答案：at 句意：你能听到树林边上的小鸟在唱歌。at the edge f“在……的边缘”。
7．There is much t d. S I think it requires________ tw weeks.答案：at least 句意为：有很多事要做，因此我想需要至少两周。at least“至少”。8．I tried phning her ffice, but I culdn't get________.答案：thrugh get thrugh“接通(电话)”。句意为：我试着给她办公室打电话，但打不通。
9．On each side f the street ________a lt f trees.答案：grw 句意为：在街道的两侧生长着很多树。这是一个全部倒装句，主语是a lt f trees，且grw(生长)是不及物动词，故用复数。10．We shuld ________ ur rich resurces t expand the ecnmy.答案：explit 句意为：我们应该开发我们丰富的资源以扩大我们的经济。explit意为“开发，利用”。
A Trip Alng the Three Grges
1.1.1 集合的概念
第一课时 Intrductin & Reading
Ⅰ.速记单词(1)________(n.)平原(2)________(n.)高原(3)________(n.)(海、湖、河等的)岸(4)________(n.)迂路；绕行之路(5)________(n.)传奇；传说故事(6)wd(n.)木头，木材；(常作复数)树林→________(adj.)木制的；呆板的，无表情的
(7)flat(adj.)平坦的→________(n.)平坦；单调→________(n.)套房，公寓(8)surrund(vt.)围绕；环绕→____________(adj.)周围的，附近的→______________(n.)周围的事物；环境(9)________(n.)同事→fellw(n.)同事；家伙(同义词)(10)__________(adv.)向下游；随波而下→upstream(adv.)在上游；逆流(11)trade(v.)做生意；交易→_____________(n.)交易；贸易→________(n.)商人
surrundings
trading/trade
(12)________(adj.)多山的；丘陵起伏的→hill(n.)小山；丘陵→________(n.)多丘陵(13)________(vi.)变狭窄→narrw(adj.)狭窄的；勉强的→________(adv.)勉强地；狭隘地；差一点儿(14)________(adv.)遥远的→distance(n.)距离，路程→________(adv.)疏远地；遥远地；陌生地(15)explit(vt.)开发；利用→_____________(n.)开发，开采；利用→________(n.)开拓者；剥削者
Ⅱ.短语互译1．at the edge f _____________2．g n a trip ______3．arrive in/at ______4．spend sth. (in) ding sth ________________5．have fur weeks ff _________6．narrw t ______7．at least _____
8．通过；经历 __________9．有大量的…… ____________10．拍照 ___________11．指着 _______12．对……印象深刻：被……所感动 _________________13．打算做 __________14．利用 ________________
be heavy with
take pictures
be impressed by/with
take advantage f
Ⅲ.完成句子1．他和一位同事要在一所教师培训学校教授两年英语。He and a clleague________________tw years there teaching English at a teacher training cllege.(be t d表示将来)2．它们主要运输货物和沿河做买卖的人。They are mainly fr gds and peple___________________. (现在分词短语作后置定语)3．当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候，阳光灿烂极了。The sun was shining brightly____________dwnstream thrugh a hilly regin.(时间状语从句)
were t spend
trading alng the river
as we sailed
4．我们能看到太阳在白塔后西沉。We culd__________________behind the white pagda.(see sb./sth ding结构) 5．穿过长江第一峡——瞿塘峡时，我们正在睡梦中。We slept thrugh the first grge，______________the Qutang Grge.(非限制性定语从句)6．远山上写着20英尺见方的汉字。____________________________in 20ft characters.(倒装结构)
see the sun setting
which is called
On a distant muntain was a sign
Ⅳ.语篇理解Step 1 IntrductinMatch the fllwing wrds with the pictures.A．cave B．cliff C．lake D．plain E．plateau F．shre G．slpe H．valley I．wd
Step 2 FastreadingⅠ.Read the passage fast and answer the fllwing questins.1．Wh tk a trip alng the Three Grges?__________________________________________________2．Where were they frm?__________________________________________________3．Where did they start their trip?__________________________________________________4．When did they start their trip?__________________________________________________
Ⅱ.True (T) r False (F)．1．They tk the bat upstream t start the trip. ( )2．When they gt t Fengdu, the sun was setting. ( )3．They passed thrugh the Wu Grge n a beautiful afternn.( )4．There are lts f histrical places f interest alng the Yangtze River.( )5．When they reached the site f the dam nly the freigners came t lk.( )
Step 3 CarefulreadingⅠ.Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks accrding t the descriptin under the map.
1．As the sun set we dcked there. We culd see the sun setting behind the white pagda.2．We slept thrugh the grge, which narrws t 350 feet as the river rushes thrugh the twmilehigh muntains.3．There, we made a detur up the Daning River t see sme f the smaller grges.4．It was a lvely mrning as we went thrugh it.5．We sailed int the cnstructin site f the dam as we came ut f it.6．We tk pictures and pinted at the site.1．____________ 2____________ 3.____________4．____________ 5.____________ 6.____________
Ⅱ.Chse the best answers accrding t the passage.1．The writer wrte this passage in rder t________.A．tell abut his experience as a teacher in ChinaB．tell abut his first visit t the Three GrgesC．tell abut his first ride n a bat alng the Yangtze RiverD．tell abut the Three Grges Dam
2．What will they d at a teacher training cllege in the twn f Fuling n the Yangtze River?A．They will be trained.B．They will wrk as teachers.C．They will g sightseeing.D．They will learn frm thers.
3．Why did their clleagues suggest they nt g n the Jiangyu bat?A．Because the tickets fr the Jiangyu bat are expensive.B．Because they are nly fr gds.C．Because they dn't carry freigners.D．Because they are crwded and mainly fr gds and peple trading alng the river.
4．The writer mentined Qu Yuan t________.A．intrduce the birthplace f Qu YuanB．help us t learn mre abut Qu YuanC．shw respect fr the pet whse hme was the Xiang RiverD．shw there's much histry alng the Yangtze River5．This passage is rganised by means f________.A．time and eventsB．descriptinsC．pinins and examplesD．facts and feelings
Step 4 SummaryFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.In August, 1996, Peter Hessler, a yung American teacher f English, arrived in the twn f Fuling n the Yangtze River. He and a 1.________were t teach English at a teacher training cllege. At the end f January they had fur weeks ff fr the Spring Festival. They decided t take a bat , tgether with the lcal peple 3.________alng the river, gt n the 4.________f the Jiangyu bat. The sun was shining brightly as they sailed dwnstream thrugh a 5._______regin. They slept thrugh the Qutang Grge. The grge
6.________t 350 feet as the river 7.________thrugh the twmilehigh muntains. The next day they went thrugh the Wu Grge. Alng the Yangtze River, every rck lks like a persn r an animal, every stream that jined the great river carried its 8. ________， every hill was 9.______with the past. As they came ut f the third grge, the Xiling Grge, they sailed int the cnstructin site f the dam. On a distant muntain was a sign in 20ft characters. “Build the Three Grges Dam, 10.________the Yangtze River，” it said.
Step 5 DiscussinIs there anywhere yu wuld particularly like t visit n yur hlidays? And why?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Step 1 1～9 FGDAB HIECStep 2 Ⅰ Hessler and his clleague2．They were frm America.3．The twn f Fuling.4．On a beautiful afternn.Ⅱ.1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.FStep 3 Ⅰ 2.the Qutang Grge 3.Wushan 4.the Wu Grge 5.the Xiling Grge 6.the Three Grges DamⅡ.1～5 BBDDAStep 4 1.clleague 2.dwnstream 3.trading 4.deck 5.hilly 6.narrws 7.rushes 8.legends 9.heavy 10.Explit
Step 5 ①Yeah, I guess the best places t me are beaches. Yu see, I really like beaches because I just like watching the water cme in and I lve riding up and dwn the waves as they cme int the shre. S places like Qingda and Dalian are great places t me.②Yes, I'd lve t visit Xinjiang if I have a chance. Xinjiang is in the western part f China. The peple there are mst minrities, and I've seen the landscape in sme pictures. It's incredible. If I travel t Xinjiang, I'll take a train s that I can see the landscape thrughut the jurney.
1.plain n．[C] 平原Is the plain alng the river gd fr farming?河畔的平原易于发展农业吗？
知识拓展plain adj. 清楚的；明白的；易懂的The markings alng the rute are quite plain.路线沿途的标志都十分清楚。He made it plain t us that he did nt wish t cntinue.他向我们明确表示他不想继续下去。The stry is written in plain English.这个故事是用简单的英语写的。
即学即用语法填空The weather reprt says there is a large area f raining in Nrth China ________ tmrrw.答案：Plain 考查名词。plain“平原”，Nrth China Plain意为“华北平原”。句意为：天气预报说明天华北平原将有一次大面积的降雨。
2．shre n. 岸；滨①We walked alng the seashre.我们沿着海岸走。②The ship was anchred ff shre.船停泊在离岸不远的地方。
辨析：bank, beach, cast, seaside与shre上述几个词都含有“(海)岸；边”之意。(1)bank“河岸；堤岸”；指河流两旁高出水面的地方。The ld man used t sit n the river bank t fish.那位老人过去常常坐在河岸上钓鱼。(2)beach“海(湖、河)滩；水滨”；指由于受潮水冲刷而形成的由细沙或卵石覆盖的平缓的斜坡。The children are playing with sand alng the beach.孩子们在海滩上玩沙。
(3)cast“海岸；海岸线”；是地理上的专有名词，指海洋与陆地的分界线，有清晰的边界概念。它不能用来指河岸或湖岸。Shanghai lies n the east cast f China.上海位于中国东海岸。(4)seaside“海滨”；尤指度假胜地。Many English peple like t g t the seaside fr their hlidays and lie n the beach in the sun.许多英国人去海滨度假，并躺在海滩上晒太阳。
(5)shre“岸；滨”；含义广泛，可指围绕海洋、河流及湖泊旁边的陆地，含有与水相对的意味(in shre“近岸”，n shre“在岸上”，ff shre“离岸”)。They saw a bat a mile frm the shre.他们离海岸大约一英里处看到一条小船。
即学即用用bank, shre, cast, beach或seaside填空。(1)There is an island called Liu Gng Island ff the________f Wei Hai.(2)I decided t g t the________t spend my summer vacatin, where we can enjy the cl sea water, the sunshine lying n the________.(3)With great difficulty, we pushed the man in the sea nt the________.(4)My brther lives n the ther________f the lake.答案：(1)cast (2)seaside; beach (3)shre (4)bank
3．flat adj. 平坦的；扁平的I need smething flat t write n.我需要一块平的东西好在上面写字。Peple used t think the earth was flat.人们过去认为地球是扁平的。That building has a flat rf.那座建筑物有一个平顶。
知识拓展flat n．[C]套房；公寓D yu live in a flat?你住在公寓里吗？The new blck f flats is very beautiful in the nearby twn.附近镇上新建的那排公寓看起来非常漂亮。
辨析：flat与 smthI need a flat surface t write this letter.我需要一个平整的地方写这封信。Hw d yu keep yur skin s smth?你是怎么让你的皮肤保持如此光滑的？
即学即用语法填空Elephants have their wn way t tell the shape f an bject and whether it is rugh r ________.答案：smth smth“光滑的”。此处用smth，与rugh对应。句意为：大象有自己的方法来判断物体的形状，以及它是粗糙还是光滑。
4．surrund vt.围绕；环绕；(使)包围；围住①Snwcapped muntains surrund the city.雪山包围着这座城市。②He surrunded the garden with a fence.他用篱笆围住那座花园。③Premier Li Keqiang was surrunded by/with reprters.李克强总理被记者包围住了。
知识拓展 使……包围……be surrunded by/with... 被……所包围(环绕)surrunding adj.周围的surrundings n．环境
④Winter was cming and the hills threatened the surrunding villages with destructin.冬季即将来临，这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁⑤Schumacher adapted effrtlessly t his new surrundings.舒马赫毫不费力地适应了他的新环境。
辨析：surrundings与envirnmentThey are living in pleasant surrundings.他们生活在舒适的环境中。It is highly imprtant t preserve the envirnment.保护自然环境至关重要。
即学即用完成句子①政府出动军队包围了抗议者。The gvernment has______________the prtesters ________trps.②一道高墙把整个监狱围了起来。A high wall________the prisn.＝The prisn________a high wall.③动物园里的动物不是生活在自然环境之中。Animals in the z are nt living in their________________.
④当尼罗河泛滥时，它总在附近的田地留下冲积淤泥。When the River Nile verflws, leaves sediment(沉积物)n the__________________fields.答案：①surrunded; with ②surrunds；is surrunded with/by ③natural surrundings ④surrunding
5．gds n. 货物；美德①There's large varieties f gds in the shps.商店内有品种繁多的货物。②That by has the gds.那个孩子具有美德。注意：英语中有些复数名词可表示特定意义。wrks工厂；wds森林；ashes灰烬；means方法；manners礼貌；games运动会
(1)只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。The gds are f gd quality.这些商品质量好。(2)可以与these, thse, all, a lt f, many等词连用，但不与数词连用。these/all/a lt f gds 这些/所有/许多货物tw/three pieces f gds 两/三件货物
即学即用语法填空—Why dn't yu d sme shpping in the secndhand stre?—Well, the ________ there are cheaper, but nt as gd.答案：gds gds为一般生活或商业用词，指销售或购入的商品。根据语境可知，应用gds。
6．dwnstream adv.向下游；随波而下 adj. 下游的The sil frm the riverbanks is washed dwnstream.河堤的土壤被冲向下游。The dwnstream current was swift after the fld.洪水之后下游的水流很急。
知识拓展upstream adv.在上游；逆流 adj.上游的；溯流而上的We tk a cane upstream.我们乘着独木舟逆流而上。Factries upstream frm us plluted the river.在我们上游的工厂污染了河流。
即学即用语法填空It is reprted that Three Grges Dam has started t increase its water release t ease severe drught plaguing ________ ricegrwing areas.答案：dwnstream 考查形容词。dwnstream“下游的”。句意为：据报道，三峡大坝开始加大下泄流量，以缓解下游水稻耕种区的严重旱情。
7．trade n. 贸易；买卖；商业；交易①Trade between the tw cuntries has increased.两国之间的贸易增多了。②Trade with ther cuntries is imprtant.与其他国家进行贸易很重要。v. 做买卖；做生意，从事贸易Our prducts are nw traded wrldwide.我们的产品在销往世界各地。
知识拓展(1)trade sth. with sb.与某人交换某物trade in 做……生意 sth... 以旧换新；以……交换……；以……换取……①She traded her psters fr his CD.她以海报换取他的光盘。②If yu dn't like yur bk, I'll trade with yu.如果你不喜欢你的书，我和你交换。(2)trader n. 商人；商船trade mark 商标
即学即用D yu knw that Britain trades ________ many Eurpean cuntries ________ furs and skins?答案：with; in trade with...意为“与……做生意”； trade in...意为“做……生意”；表示“与某人在某方面做生意”时，应该用trade with sb. in sth.。
8．narrw adj.(1)狭窄的；窄小的There was nly a narrw gap between the bed and the wall.床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。(2)勉强的；刚刚好的He lst the race by the narrwest f margin.他因极小的差距在赛跑中落败。
(3)狭隘的；目光短浅的She has a very narrw view f the wrld.她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。v. 使窄小；变窄；缩小We need t narrw the health divide between the rich and the pr.我们需要缩小穷人和富人的健康差距。
知识拓展(1)narrw dwn 减少；限制；缩小；变窄 把……局限在……之内(2)narrwminded adj. 气量小的；狭隘的narrwish adj. 有些狭窄的narrwly adv. 狭窄地；勉强地；好容易(才)
即学即用语法填空(1)The final scre f the basketball match was 9394. We were nly________(narrw)beaten.答案：narrwly 句意为“篮球比赛最后的比分是93比94。我们险些被打败”。narrwly符合句意。(2)(天津高考改编)Parents and children shuld cmmunicate mre t ________ the gap between them s that they can understand each ther better.答案：narrw 本题考查动词的用法。句意：父母和孩子应该多交流缩小他们的代沟以便他们能够更好地相互理解。narrw“使变窄”，符合句意。
9．distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的……The airprt was abut 20 kilmeters distant.机场大约二十公里远。
知识拓展(1)固定搭配：be distant frm 离……遥远The schl is three miles distant frm the twn.那所学校离城3英里远。(2)distance n．距离，路程；[C，U]远处，远方What's the distance between Lndn and Paris?伦敦和巴黎之间有多远？It is quite a distance frm Beijing t Guangzhu.从北京到广州相当远。
(3)distance构成的固定搭配：at a distance 隔开一些，稍远一些The picture lks better at a distance.这幅画稍远一些看更好。in the distance在远处，在远方I culd hear a vice in the distance.我可以听见远处传来的说话声。
即学即用完成句子(1)The sund f waterfall can be heard________ ________ ________f tw miles.(2)It was difficult t get t knw her because she always________everyne________ ________ ________.(3)I have nly seen the building________ ________ ________ .
(4)The picture lks better________ ________ ________.(5)A ship culd be seen________ ________ ________ .答案：(1)frm a distance (2)keep; at a distance (3)in the distance (4)at a distance (5)in the distance
10．explit vt.开拓，开发，开采；利用；剥削，榨取①I think we're being very shrtsighted in nt expliting ur wn cal.我想我们不开采利用自己的煤矿实在是目光短浅。②Yu shuld explit this pprtunity t g abrad.你应该利用这个机会到国外去。③The bss explited his men fr his wn ends.老板为自己的目的而剥削员工。
巧学助记explit含义面面观
即学即用完成句子①许多国家在海底开采石油。Many cuntries____________________under the sea.②该公司用工时长工资低的方法来剥削工人。The cmpany__________________________with lng hurs and lw pay.
语法填空③We need t make sure that we________ur resurces as fully as pssible.答案：①explit il ②explited its wrkers ③explit 考查动词词义。句意；我们需要确保我们充分利用我们的资源。explit利用；符合句意。
1.at the edge f 在……的边缘We played at the edge f the playgrund n Sunday.星期天，我们在操场边玩耍。
知识拓展have the edge n 比……强n edge 紧张不安n the edge f 在……边上set sb.'s teeth n edge 使生气
辨析：at the edge f与n the edge f(1)n the edge f在……的边上；指在物体的表面之上。Dn't put the glass n the edge f the table in case it will fall and break.不要把瓶子放在桌子边，免得掉下来打碎了。(2)at the edge f指“在……的边缘上”；并不特指在物体的表面上We culd hear birds whistling at the edge f the wds.我们能够听见小鸟在树林边欢叫。
即学即用完成句子(1)The sldiers are drilling________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (在草地的边上)．(2)He is sitting________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (桌子的边上)．(3)Tm used t live________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(一个湖边上)．答案：(1)at the edge f a meadw(2)n the edge f a table(3)by the side f a lake
2．knw abut sth./sb.了解；知道……的情况I happened t knw abut him.我碰巧知道他的情况。
辨析：knw abut与knw fknw abut表示“了解；知道……情况”。knw f表示“听说过；知道”。①Hw much d yu knw abut him?你对他了解多少？②I dn't knw Mr. Smith, but I knw f him.我不认识史密斯先生，但我听说过他。
即学即用语法填空He is knwn________us all________his gd spken—English.答案：t; fr be knwn t sb. fr sth. 意为：因……而为……熟知，句意：他因自己的好的英语口语而为我们了解。
3．at least 至少It will take yu at least 20 minutes t get there.到那里你至少要花20分钟。
知识拓展(1)反义短语：at mst 至多(2)at least根据语境的不同，主要有以下几种意义：①I think yu shuld at least cnsider his ffer.我认为无论如何你都应该考虑他的建议。②The film wasn't interesting, but at least it filled the time.电影没有多少意思，但至少打发了时间。
③Mary was depressed all evening. Or at least it seemed that way.玛丽整晚情绪都很低，至少看起来如此。(3)nt in the least(＝nt at all) 一点也不Yu are nt disturbing me in the least.你一点也没打扰我。
即学即用语法填空The huse still needed a lt f wrk, but________the kitchen was finished.答案：at least 考查介词短语。at least “至少；起码”。句意为“房子仍需大量的工作，但起码厨房是完工了。”
4．g thrugh(1)经历；经受；大多指痛苦的事情。He wuld g thrugh fire and water fr his cuntry.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。(2)仔细检查；审查They went thrugh ur luggage at the custms.海关人员仔细地检查了我们的行李。(3)浏览；翻阅We spent several days ging thrugh all related reference materials.我们花了好几天的时间查了相关的参考资料。
(4)通过；穿过；其宾语常常是立体的东西。Can the table g thrugh the dr?这张桌子能过得了那扇门吗？(5)完成；做完I've gne thrugh all the envelpes I bught last week.我已用完了上周买的所有信封。(6)花完；用掉Hw lng will it take yu t g thrugh the bk?看完这本书你得用多长时间？
知识拓展g after 追赶；追求(职位、奖赏等)g by 走过(某处)；(时间)过去；流逝g ahead 前进；请说(做)吧g alng 向前进；一起去(with sb.)g n 继续g against 背叛；违背；违反g ut 外出；(火，灯)熄灭
g away 走开；拿走；带走(with sth.)g ver 越过……；温习g back 回来；追溯到……(t)g up 登(爬)上；(价格、气温等)上升g in fr 爱好；从事g all ut 全力以赴
即学即用完成句子①这种材料太硬，连最粗的针也扎不进去。The material is s stiff that even the thickest needle wn't________________.②他们在战争年代里历尽千辛万苦。They________________many hardships during the war.③Yu have n idea what I’ve had t________during the last few mnths.答案：①g thrugh ②went thrugh③g thrugh 考查动词短语。句意：你不知道过去几个月我经历了什么。g thrugh经历，经受，符合句意。
1.The shre is the area where the land meets the sea r a lake.岸就是陆地与海洋或湖泊汇合的地方。本句中使用了由where引导的定语从句。where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；where本身在从句中作地点状语，从句的前面不仅可以用表示“地点”的名词作先行词，还可以用表示地点含义的抽象名词作先行词。where有时相当于“介词＋关系代词”。
①There are cases where the wrd“mighty”is used as an adverb.在这些情况下，“mighty”可用作副词。②He is unlikely t find the place where/in which he lived frty years ag.他不大可能找到他40年前居住过的地方。
即学即用语法填空(1)The girl arranged t have pian lessns at the training centre with her sister________she wuld stay fr an hur.答案：where 句意：这位女孩安排在培训中心和她的妹妹上钢琴课，在那儿她要呆上一个小时。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词the training center.
(2)—Can yu believe I had t pay 30 dllars fr a haircut?—Yu shuld try the barber's________I g.It's nly 15.答案：where 句意：—你是否相信我理一个发要付30美元？—你应该去试试我去的理发店。只花15美元。本题考查定语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。(3)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet __________life has develped gradually.答案：where 考查定语从句。先行词the planet在定语从句中需作地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句。
2．A lake is an area f water surrunded by land.湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。本句使用了过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which is surrunded by land，其具体用法如下：(1)过去分词作定语常常位于其所修饰的名词前；过去分词短语作定语时，常常位于其所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。When I gt hme I saw a message pinned t the dr(＝which was pinned t the dr) reading, “Srry t miss yu; will call later.”我到家的时候，看到门上别着一个留言条，上面写着：“很遗憾没见到你，过会儿再来。”
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，而表示完成。biled water＝water that has biled 开(过的)水fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen 落叶(3)有些过去分词作定语既表示被动，又表示完成。即过去分词可以独立表示完成意义的被动语态。①He tld us f the great wrng dne t him.＝He tld us f the great wrng which had been dne t him.他给我们讲述了他所蒙受的巨大冤屈。
②Mst f the invited(＝wh had been invited)t the party were frm Suth Africa.受邀请到会的大部分艺术家都来自南非。 (4)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，且与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该动词后使用必要的介词。He is the by lked after by his elder sister.他就是由姐姐照看的那个男孩。
(5)过去分词作定语，如果强调该动作正在被完成，则将“being＋过去分词”置于被修饰的名词之后。Have yu nticed the bridge being built there？＝Have yu nticed the bridge which is being built there?你注意到那儿正在建造的那座桥了吗？另外，过去分词可作非限制性定语，因其不属于被修饰名词不可缺少的定语，前面常用逗号与被修饰名词隔开。The Olympic Games, first played in 776BC, did nt include wmen players until 1912.奥运会始创于公元前776年，直到1912年才允许女选手参加。
即学即用语法填空(1)Mrs. White shwed her students sme ld maps ______(brrw) frm the library.答案：brrwed 句意：怀特老师给她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。及物动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，既表被动，亦表完成，故用brrwed。
(2)I'm calling t enquire abut the psitin________ (advertise)in yesterday's China Daily.答案：advertised 句意：我在电话查询昨天在《中国日报》上做广告的那个工作岗位。此题考查过去分词短语作定语的用法。“advertised in...”表示动作既被动又完成，意为“被做广告的……”。(3)S far nbdy has claimed the mney ________(discver) in the library.答案：discvered 句意：迄今为止，没有人认领在图书馆发现的钱。本题考查非谓语动词作定语，因mney与discver之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语，表完成，表被动。
(4)(浙江高考改编)“It's such a nice place.” Mther said as she sat at the table ________(reserve) fr custmers.答案：reserved 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：妈妈坐在为顾客预定的桌子旁边时说“这是如此好的一个地方”。此处为非谓语动词作定语。不定式作定语表示将来的动作；现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行；过去分词作定语，表完成和被动；现在分词的完成时不能做限制性定语，故用reserved。
3．He and a clleague were t spend tw years there teaching English at a teacher training cllege.他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。本句使用了be t d sth.表示“按照计划或根据安排将要进行某个动作”。We are t meet at the schl gate.我们约定在校门口见面。不定式用完成式，则表示“未曾实现的计划”，可译为“本来打算”。We were t have tld yu, but yu were nt in.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。
知识拓展be t d的其他用法：(1)表示可能性、必要、责任、义务、禁止等。Yu are t make the necessary changes.你要做出必要的改变。Her necklace was nt t be fund.她的项链找不到了。Yu aren't t g ut tday.你今天不准出去。
(2)“注定”，表示将来不可避免要发生的事。As a yung man he didn't knw that he was t becme famus later n.年轻时，他不知道后来会出名。(3)be t blame表示“该受责备，对某事应负责任”，这种结构用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。Which driver is t blame fr the accident?这个事故是哪个司机的责任？
辨析：表示“将来时态”的几种形式的区别(1)will/shall表示单纯的将来(即现在之后), will还可以表示“决心”“意愿”；shall用来第一、三人称的问句中，还可以表示征求对方的意见。He will be back in a few days.他过几天就会回来。If it desn't rain tmrrw, we will g climbing.如果明天不下雨，我们就去爬山。
(2)“be ging t＋动词原形”多用于口语，强调事先“打算，计划要做的事情或有某种迹象要发生的事情”。What are yu ging t d this evening?今天晚上你要做什么？(3)be abut t d则表示“即将发生的动作或动作刚要开始”，该结构不与表时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，但可以用在“be abut t d when...”结构中，表达“刚要……，这时……”。The English party was abut t begin when the lights went ut.英语晚会刚要开始，这时灯灭了。
(4)be ding表示现在进行时。现在进行时表示即将发生的事情，多与表示位移的动词(cme, g, arrive, leave, fly, start等)连用。She is leaving fr Beijing.她就要启程去北京。(5)一般现在时表示将来时，主要用于时间状语从句或条件状语从句中；或者用来表示按时刻表的规定将要发生的动作。I'll tell him abut it as sn as I see him.我一见到他就告诉他这件事。
即学即用语法填空(1)The discvery f gld in Australia led thusands t believe that a frtune ________(make)．答案：was t be made 句意：在澳洲发现了金矿，使得成千上万的人们相信他们将会发财。此题考查时态和语态。由句意可知，宾语从句表示的是从过去某时来看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时态，且宾语从句的谓语动词与从句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动。
(2)Tm was abut t clse the windw________his attentin was caught by a bird.答案：when 句意：汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只小鸟吸引住了。考查“be abut t ”这一结构，表示“正要干……突然发生……”。
4．They are mainly fr gds and peple trading alng the river.这些船主要乘载货物和沿河做生意的人。trading alng the river现在分词短语作定语修饰peple。现在分词作定语，如果是单个词则放在被修饰词的前面；如果是短语，则常放在被修饰词的后面。①The girl standing there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。②The rising sun lks very beautiful.冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。
即学即用语法填空The traffic rule says yung children under the age f fur and________(weigh) less than 40 punds must be in a child safety seat.答案：weighing 句意：交通规则规定不满四岁不到40镑的儿童必须坐儿童安全座位。此处为定语，与所修饰的名词children之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。weigh为不及物动词，意为“有……重量；称起来”。
5．That sunded fine t me.对我来说，那听起来不错。sund“听起来”，用作连系动词，后常接形容词、名词、like介词短语。类似的短语还有：feel, lk, smell, taste。The fd tastes gd.这食物尝起来不错。
即学即用语法填空—Shall we g ut fr dinner tnight?—That________(sund)great.答案：sunds 考查交际用语。由第一句话可知，这是提出一个建议；That sunds great是对对方提议的肯定和赞成。
6．The sun was shining brightly as we sailed dwnstream thrugh a hilly regin.当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候，阳光灿烂极了。(1)was shining brightly是过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。过去的时间可用时间状语表示，也可由上下文暗示。①He was watching TV when I came in.我进来时他在看电视。
②—What were yu ding this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你在做什么？—I was writing a letter.我在写一封信。 (2)as在这儿引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。As he grew lder he became less active.随着年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。
即学即用语法填空(1)—Have yu finished reading Jane Eyre?—N, I ________(d) my hmewrk all day yesterday.答案：was ding 句意：——《简·爱》一书你读完了吗？——没有。我昨天一直在做作业。在过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作应用过去进行时态表示。
(2)I walked slwly thrugh the market, where peple ________(sell) all kinds f fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bught what I needed.答案：were selling 句意：我慢慢地走过市场，人们在那里卖各种水果和蔬菜。我仔细研究了一下价格，买了我需要的东西。因为人们正在市场上卖东西，且整个句子都用了过去时态，故用过去进行时。
(3)(福建高考改编)—When did the cmputer crash? —This mrning, while I ________ (srt) the reading materials dwnladed frm sme websites.答案：was srting 本题考查动词时态。句意：——电脑什么时候坏的。——今天早上，我在分拣从网站上下载的阅读材料时坏的。由时间状语this mrning可知，此处用过去时态，且我正在分拣材料，故应用过去进行时态。
7．On a distant muntain was a sign in 20ft characters.远山上写着20英尺大的汉字。本句中由于地点状语放在了句首，且主语是名词a sign，所以使用了完全倒装。1)Out rushed the by when I entered.当我进来的时候，那男孩冲出去了。2)Frm the valley came a frightening sund.山谷里传来了可怕的声音。
知识拓展谓语动词前置的完全倒装结构(1)当句首为ut, in, up, dwn, away, ff, here, there, nw, then等表示方向的副词时，如果句中的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)Be quick! Here cmes the bus.快点！车过来了。
(2)当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)On the tp f the hill stands a temple.山顶上坐落着一座庙。注意：以上这两种句式，如果句子的主语为代词，主谓语序则不倒装。Dwn he went.他下来了。
即学即用语法填空(1)—Is everyne here?—Nt ，there________(cme) the rest f ur guests!答案：cme 句意：—都来了吗？—还没呢。看，剩下的客人来了。本句采用了倒装语序，主语是the rest f the guests，故谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialing River________(坐落着重庆), ne f the ten largest cities in China.答案：lies Chngqing 句意：在扬子江与嘉陵江的汇合处，坐落着中国最大的十大城市之一的重庆。本题考查倒装句。由于本句的结构是地点状语提前，常用倒装句；而根据语境，是说明地理现状的，故属于一般现在时态，而表达这些静止性状态的动词谓语常常是直接提前，构成倒装，而不需要添加助动词。
(3)Fr a mment nthing happened. Then________vices all shuting tgether. 答案：came 考查特殊句式。副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，故用came。
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．His rapid prmtin caused much bad feeling amng his ________(同事)．2．The ________(平的) cuntryside stretched ut as far as the eye culd see.3．In rder t widen the rad, they had t ________(变窄) the pavement.4．The QinghaiTibet________ (高原) has lng been knwn as “the Rf f the Wrld”．
5．If ________ (货物)are nt well made yu shuld cmplain t the manufacturer.6．We met in late fall sunshine, lking fr the beautiful________(传奇)．7．She has always been ________ (围绕) with fashinable friends.8．A________ (遥远的) relative is nt as gd as a near neighbur.
9．He built up wealth by ________ (做生意)with ther cuntries.10．If these resurces are ________ (开发), they will prduce great ecnmic pwer.答案：1.clleagues 2.flat 3.narrw 4.Plateau 5.gds6．legend 7.surrunded 8.distant 9.trading 10.explited
Ⅱ.完成句子1．We had t ________ ________ ________(绕道) arund the quakestricken areas.2．T g abrad t study, yu shuld ________(至少)master the language.3．________ ________ ________ ________ (在……的边缘)the lake，wmen are ding their washing.4．These range trees ________ ________ ________(充满) fruit this year because f the fine weather.
5．He________ ________ (经历了) many difficulties befre he succeeded.6．Sme students ften ________ ________ ________(利用) the lunch hur t finish their hmewrk.7．We are______ ______ ________ ________ ________ (去旅行) the Yellw River this summer.8．Fr centuries, native Americans ________ ________(与……做生意) Eurpean settlers.
9．Peter________ ________ ________ (对……印象深刻) the Yangtze River.10．There was an island 3 miles ______ ______ ________(离海岸)．答案：1.make a detur 2.at least 3.At the edge f 4.are heavy with 5.went thrugh 6.take advantage f 7.ging n a trip t 8.traded with 9.was impressed by 10.ff the cast
Ⅲ.语法填空1. —Where is yur new pencilbx, Tm?—I've ________ it fr this kite.答案：traded 句意：——汤姆，你的新铅笔盒呢？——我拿它换了这个风筝。trade sth. fr sth.“用……换……”。2．The rm is________ with warmth when all the peple are cheering.答案：heavy 句意：当所有的人欢呼的时候，屋子里充满了温暖。考查be heavy with“有大量的，充满……的”，符合题意。
3．I culd see a car in________distance, but culdn't make ut what clr it was.答案：the 句意：我能看到远处的小汽车，但是看不清是什么颜色的。in the distance“在远处”，指比较远的距离，符合句意。4．In the cmpetitin f this internatinal tennis turnament, she ________(narrw) wn the champinship.答案：narrwly 句意：在这次国际乒乓球锦标赛上，她幸运地赢得冠军。narrwly“差一点”。
5．Mre and mre peple chse t shp in a supermarket as it ffers a great ________(vary) f gds.答案：variety 句意：越来越多的人选择超市购物，因为它提供各种各样的商品。a great variety f“许多种类的”，符合句意。6．Yu can hear the birds singing ________ the edge f the wds.答案：at 句意：你能听到树林边上的小鸟在唱歌。at the edge f“在……的边缘”。
7．There is much t d. S I think it requires________ tw weeks.答案：at least 句意为：有很多事要做，因此我想需要至少两周。at least“至少”。8．I tried phning her ffice, but I culdn't get________.答案：thrugh get thrugh“接通(电话)”。句意为：我试着给她办公室打电话，但打不通。
9．On each side f the street ________a lt f trees.答案：grw 句意为：在街道的两侧生长着很多树。这是一个全部倒装句，主语是a lt f trees，且grw(生长)是不及物动词，故用复数。10．We shuld ________ ur rich resurces t expand the ecnmy.答案：explit 句意为：我们应该开发我们丰富的资源以扩大我们的经济。explit意为“开发，利用”。
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