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高中英语必修一 山东省泰安市2019-2020学年高一上学期期末英语试题
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这是一份高中英语必修一 山东省泰安市2019-2020学年高一上学期期末英语试题，共20页。试卷主要包含了 Wh is the bss?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一年级考试英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What ice cream does the woman like the most?
A. Peanut butter. B. Strawberry. C. Chocolate.
2. Where will the man go?
A. To the airport. B. To the supermarket. C. To the clothing store.
3. What did the woman think of the book?
A. It was just so-so. B. It was boring. C. It was really good.
4. How are the speakers likely related?
A. Mother and son. B. Brother and sister. C. Friends.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The latest clothes. B. Body temperature. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the boy paint the picture?
A. In his bedroom. B. In the living room. C. In his classroom.
7. What color did the boy use to paint the cat?
A. Purple. B. Blue. C. Green.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the boss?
A. Mr. Cassell. B. Ms. Baker. C. Mr. Langley.
9. Why does the man apologize at the end?
A. He misunderstood what he saw.
B. He won’t be able to attend the birthday party.
C. He put his kids’ markers on the woman’s desk.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will the man do today?
A. Buy some dog food.
B. Bring his dog to the doctor.
C. Have a check-up for himself.
11. What does the woman imply about her sister?
A. She has a son.
B. She doesn’t like dogs.
C. She doesn’t treat her dog very well.
12. What does the woman suggest?
A. The man’s dog is lucky.
B. Her dog is like her child.
C. She wants a dog soon.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who might the woman be?
A. The captain. B. A passenger. C. An air hostess.
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Working. B. Eating some peanuts. C. Reading on a computer.
15. When was the announcement made by the captain?
A. Twenty minutes ago. B. Ten minutes ago. C. Five minutes ago.
16. How does the woman probably feel?
A. Sorry. B. Thankful. C. Annoyed.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did an earthquake take place?
A. In Bakersville. B. In Madison County. C. In Philadelphia.
18. Who are police looking for?
A. Someone who burned down a theater.
B. People hurt in the earthquake.
C. Someone who robbed three gas stations.
19. When will the speaker give another news report?
A. At 7:00 p.m. B. At 10:00 p.m. C. At 11:00 p.m.
20. What will viewers see next?
A. An advertisement. B. The weather report. C. A movie.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
While traveling alone has some disadvantages, it’s well worth the journey. And, if you’re looking for some travel inspiration on international destinations that are perfect for solo traveling, we’ve got your four.
Canada is well-known for being one of the friendliest countries in the world. Eat your way through Toronto and test your fear of heights walking 116 stories above the ground on the CN Tower’s Edge Walk. Traveling in Canada is easy, safe, and dynamic.
Amsterdam’s canal ring is on the UNESCO World Heritage list. In the warmer months, you’ll want to visit the flea markets, parks, and dine alfresco. You’ll be amazed to find there are more bicycles than there are people in Amsterdam.
Nature enthusiasts will find much to explore in Iceland, a country full of volcanoes and glaciers (but a lack of forests! ). Tour the Golden Circle and visit the famous Blue Lagoon. Iceland is one of the safest countries in the world to visit, making it a top choice for this list.
Visiting Japan without going to Kyoto would be a big mistake. Gion, Kyoto’s geisha district, is highlight. You’ll see Zen gardens, temples, and sake bars as well as casual Japanese bars.
Costa Rica is known for its tropical beaches and rich forests. It’s an adventurer’s dream place, with lots of hiking, surfing, and boating opportunities. Costa Rica is a safe country to visit, outside of the possible sun burn, and you may experience the Pura Vida lifestyle that the country is known for.
1. Which is the best place to test your courage?
A. The CN Tower’s Edge Walk.
B. Kyoto’s geisha district.
C. The Blue Lagoon.
D. Amsterdam.
2. If you want to go to a forest and have adventures, which country should you go?
A. Canada. B. Iceland.
C. Costa Rica. D. Japan.
3. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To introduce some places in the world.
B. To show solo travelers places to visit.
C. To describe beautiful scenery around the world.
D. To point out some places people should not miss.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个适合独自旅行的地方——加拿大、阿姆斯特丹、冰岛、日本京都和哥斯达黎加。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Eat your way through Toronto and test your fear of heights walking 116 stories above the ground on the CN Tower’s Edge Walk.”可知，在116层高的加拿大国家电视塔极限边缘漫步可以测试你的勇气。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Costa Rica is known for its tropical beaches and rich forests. It’s an adventurer’s dream place, with lots of hiking, surfing, and boating opportunities.( 哥斯达黎加以其热带海滩和丰富的森林而闻名。这是一个冒险家的梦想之地，有很多徒步旅行、冲浪和划船的机会。)”可知，如果你想去森林并喜欢探险，应该去哥斯达黎加。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And, if you’re looking for some travel inspiration on international destinations that are perfect for solo traveling, we’ve got your four.”及全文内容可知，文章介绍几处适合国际旅行目的地，以便于独自旅行者提供灵感，所以文章的主要目的是为独自旅行者介绍了几处适合参观的地方。故选B。
B
Before she could even talk, Ellie Heath spent hours drawing pictures. When she grew older, the 15-year-old discovered the joy of sewing (缝纫). She says she finds it calming. She started out making small things, like jewelry and soft toys. Over time, she began making clothing. Her love of the creative work led her to open a business. Three Blue Bunnies is the name of her company, which makes what she calls “wearable art.”
“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It’s one of a kind, often handmade,” she explains. She sells her creations in farmers markets and at sales for local churches.
All the pieces Ellie creates are made of used or donated fabrics. She works a lot with jean jackets, renewing them with artistic additions. The process starts with finding cloth material that looks good with the jackets. “Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error (反复尝试) or the design comes to me,” she explains.
Ellie sharpened her creative skills at school. Cheryl Crow was one of her teachers early on. Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She was always very creative, but also very kind, helpful to the other students.”
Ellie has many dreams. She wants to be a teacher and to spread the joy of creativity among children. She also dreams her business will grow and become a model for other young people who have a dream they want to come true.
4. What does “wearable art” mean according to Ellie Heath?
A. Something that can be worn.
B. Something that is valuable.
C. Something that makes you different from others.
D. Something that cannot be found anywhere else.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Ellie?
A. Creative and determined. B. Generous and outgoing.
C. Warm-hearted and clever. D. Hard-working and unique.
6. What can we can learn from paragraph three?
A. All of the cloth comes from donation.
B. Ellie got a lot of pleasure from her design.
C. It is a piece of cake for Ellie to create a wearable art.
D. The process of artistic design is usually not easy.
7. What does the word “sharpened” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Performed. B. Challenged.
C. Improved. D. Applied.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位名叫埃莉·希思的女孩变废为宝——用废弃的布料制作“可穿戴的艺术品”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It’s one of a kind, often handmade,” she explains. (“我对可穿戴艺术的定义是让你变得独一无二。它通常为手工制作的物品。”她解释说。)”可知，埃莉·希思认为可穿戴艺术是能让你与众不同的东西。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She was always very creative, but also very kind, helpful to the other students.””可知，埃莉·希思是一位有创造力的女孩。根据埃莉·希思从小就花了好几个小时画画，后来开设自己的公司，并梦想自己成为一名老师，自己的公司能够成长，都说明了埃莉·希思有决心的、有毅力的。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error (反复尝试) or the design comes to me,” she explains.(“然后，我通过反复尝试找到适合它的设计，或者也许我恰好突然爆发设计灵感，”她解释道。)”可推测，艺术设计的过程通常是不容易的。故选D。
7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. (克罗称，埃莉是“一个优秀的学生”。她说，埃莉十分刻苦并取得了进步。)”可知，艾莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力。从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。故选C。
【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题4要求猜测出sharpened的含义，就是根据文章第四段“Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. (克罗称，埃莉是“一个优秀的学生”。她说，埃莉十分刻苦并取得了进步。)”可知，艾莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力。从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。
C
The victims were carried in one by one, their paws burned and fur burnt, suffering from dehydration (脱水) and fear. Their caretakers bandaged (用绷带包扎) their wounds and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar — the leaves of a eucalyptus (桉树) tree. As fires have burned more than two million acres in Australia, dozens of koalas have been rescued from burned trees and pale ground. The animals are being treated in rescue centers, and at least one private home, along the country’s east coast.
The difficult situation of the koala — a national symbol of Australia — has raised questions among environmentalists and scientists about what it will take to protect biodiversity (生物多样性) in a country with intense fire, extreme heat and lack of water. Australia has already been among the highest rates of species extinction in the world.
The bad situation goes beyond koalas. Recently, tens of thousands of bats fell from the sky in temperatures over 107 degrees Fahrenheit in northern Australia. Kangaroos destroyed the grapes in Canberra because of drought.
“Climate change and other human impacts have so changed the situation that the government needs to rethink its way to protect at once,” Dr. Bowman said, suggesting interventions (干预) like irrigating, feeding and moving animals to new places.
Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not escape from fires. Therefore, though the fires are still burning, a rescue team began to search the area carefully. Walking in a human chain, they looked up to the tree top, searching for survivors.
8. What do the victims in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Animals injured in fires.
B. Kangaroos driven by drought.
C. Bats that fell from the sky.
D. Koalas rescued from the fire.
9. Which of the following may cause the extinction of wildlife?
A. Wildfires that seldom happened.
B. Extreme hot weather in Australia.
C. The never-changing climate in Australia.
D Not having enough money to take measures in Australia.
10. What can we draw from Dr. Bowman?
A. Human activities have little influence on animals.
B. The government should take immediate action.
C. The government does not care about the wild animals.
D. Scientists are concerned about the bad situation of wildlife.
11. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Saving the Fire Victims Who Cannot Escape: Australia’s Koalas
B. Saving the Endangered Wild Animals in Australia
C. Actions Needed to Protect Habitat for Koalas
D. National Symbol of Australia Needs Rescue
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍森林火灾肆虐，澳大利亚考拉面临死亡威胁。人们积极努力，拯救那些无法逃离的火灾受害者——澳大利亚的考拉。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar — the leaves of a eucalyptus (桉树) tree.(放在篮子里面有一样它们熟悉的东西——桉树叶。)”第二段“The difficult situation of the koala (考拉的困境)”可知，第一段中的受害者是指从火中救出的考拉。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The difficult situation of the koala — a national symbol of Australia — has raised questions among environmentalists and scientists about what it will take to protect biodiversity (生物多样性) in a country with intense fire, extreme heat and lack of water.”可知，澳大利亚极端高温天气和水资源匮乏，容易遭受大火，所以可能导致野生动物灭绝。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Climate change and other human impacts have so changed the situation that the government needs to rethink its way to protect at once, (气候变化和其他人类影响已经极大地改变了状况，政府需要迫切地重新思考保护方式，)”可知，鲍曼博士认为政府应该立即采取行动。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍森林火灾肆虐，澳大利亚考拉面临死亡威胁。人们积极努力，拯救那些无法逃离的火灾受害者——澳大利亚的考拉。故选A。
D
If you’re reading this story, the chances are you’ve got a pretty good command of English. You’re not alone — an estimated 1.5 billion people speak English today, making it the most commonly used language in the world. Most are non-native speakers with English as their second language, while it serves as a third or fourth language for hundreds of millions more. So which place has the most fluent non-native English speakers?
According to a new report by international education company, the Netherlands is the best non-native English speakers across the globe. The results of its English Proficiency Index (英语能力指数), based on a free online test taken by 2.3 million volunteers, show that the Dutch are the most fluent. Sweden was positioned just below, with a score of 68.74 out of 100, while Norway came in third with 67.93 points.
Although the places with “very high proficiency” were largely made up of European countries, Singapore and South Africa also scored highly, coming in fifth and sixth place respectively.
The report also found that English was the most widely studied second language in the world by far. This may be the reason why just 20% of school students in the United States were studying a foreign language.
The survey was measured by testing non-native English speakers in 100 countries and over 400 cities and regions who voluntarily agreed to take the test. But there’s one thing that should be noticed. People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results.
12. Which of the following country has the most fluent non-native English speakers?
A. America. B. Singapore.
C. Sweden. D. The Netherlands.
13. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Americans do not need to learn a second language.
B. Americans dislike languages other than English.
C. More and more people are taking English as a second language.
D. Not many Americans would like to learn another language.
14. How was the survey carried out?
A. By asking volunteers to test online.
B. By handing out paper survey in some places.
C. By inviting volunteers to participate in the company.
D. By cooperating with other organizations.
15. What’s the attitude of the author towards the results of the survey?
A. Positive. B. Doubtful.
C. Supportive. D. Objective.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哪些国家英语不是母语，但是说得却很溜。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“According to a new report by international education company, the Netherlands is the best non-native English speakers across the globe. (根据跨国教育集团的一份新报告指出，荷兰是全球母语非英语的国家中英语说得最好的。)”可知，荷兰拥有最流利的非英语母语人士。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This may be the reason why just 20% of school students in the United States were studying a foreign language. (这也许就是为什么在美国只有20%的学生在学习一门外语。)”可推断，不是很多美国人愿意学习另一种语言。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The results of its English Proficiency Index (英语能力指数), based on a free online test taken by 2.3 million volunteers, show that the Dutch are the most fluent. (英语能力指数的结果基于一个免费的在线测试了230万名志愿者)”可知，这项调查是通过志愿者在网上进行测试获得的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results. (但有一件事值得注意，如果人们能上网，他们更有可能参与在调查中更容易，这可能会大大影响结果的准确性。)”可推断，作者对调查结果的态度是怀疑的。故选B。
【点睛】推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。例如小题4，就是根据文章最后一段“People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results. (但有一件事值得注意，如果人们能上网，他们更有可能参与在调查中更容易，这可能会大大影响结果的准确性。)”可推断，作者对调查结果的准确性表示怀疑，从而推断出答案。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all been there: Just when you’re getting used to your new workout routine, suddenly your knee is killing you. ___16___ Before injury strikes, listen to these signs that might show your body needs some time off.
You’re always sore (酸疼). ___17___ But if you’re exercising regularly, you shouldn’t constantly be feeling sore. You should always give your muscles 24 to 48 hours to recover between training sessions. If you still feel sore, it’s possible you’re overtraining.
___18___ Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. It is known that exercise can make us happier because of endorphins — a stress-fighting chemical — in the brain. However, those endorphins are also accompanied by cortisol, a stress chemical. And when cortisol levels remain high for an extended period, they cause harm on mental health.
Your heart rate is abnormal. One of the best ways to tell if you’ve been overtraining is to check your heart rate. If you’re above your normal, then your body is not really ready for a hard workout that day. ___19___
The best thing about noticing these symptoms (症状)? ___20___ A little R&R (rest and recovery) is just what your body ordered!
A. You’re constantly tired or emotional.
B. Yes, you’ve over-worked yourself into an injury.
C. Fortunately, recovery is simple — just take it easy for a few days!
D. That’s one of the best ways to judge your readiness to exercise.
E. Sure, a bit of muscle soreness after some workout is totally normal.
F. It’s much easier to relax and check heart rate than it is to recover from an injury.
G. Doing the same activity over and over without proper recovery is going to cause injury.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们在运动锻炼时如何防止运动过度而受伤。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Just when you’re getting used to your new workout routine, suddenly your knee is killing you.( 就在你开始习惯你的新锻炼计划时，突然你的膝盖开始疼了。) ”和后句“Before injury strikes, listen to these signs that might show your body needs some time off. ( 就在你开始习惯你的新锻炼计划时，突然你的膝盖开始疼了。) ”可知，这是因为过度劳累而受伤。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前句“You’re always sore (酸疼). (你总是酸疼。) ”和后句“But if you’re exercising regularly, you shouldn’t constantly be feeling sore. (但是如果你经常锻炼，你不应该总是感到酸痛。) ”可知，在锻炼后出现一点肌肉酸痛是完全正常的。故选E。
【18题详解】
所填句是此段中心句，根据上下段的中心句中都是以you开头和后句“Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. (愤怒、焦虑和疲劳也是信号。) ”可知，你总是很累或者很情绪化。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句“If you’re above your normal, then your body is not really ready for a hard workout that day. (如果你超过了你的正常水平，那么你的身体并没有真正为那一天的高强度锻炼做好准备。) ”可知，这是判断你是否做好运动准备的最好方法之一。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据前句“The best thing about noticing these symptoms (症状)? (最好的注意这些症状。) ”和后句“A little R&R (rest and recovery) is just what your body ordered! (休息和恢复正是你身体所需要的!) ”可知，放松和检查心率比从受伤中恢复要容易得多。故选F。
【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。例如小题3要求选择本段的中心句，结合上下段的其它三个中心句中都是以you开头和其后句“Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. (愤怒、焦虑和疲劳也是信号。) ”可知，你总是很累或者很情绪化，从而选出正确的答案。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was visiting Costa Rica when I found myself in a bad situation: all my bank cards weren’t ___21___ abroad, and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks. Back then, there were no cellphones or Internet. It was ___22___who came to my rescue to get me home.
I thought the city dangerous and decided to find kind people in the ___23___. With my remaining coins, I ___24___ to the bus station and found a countryside that I could ___25___. Five hours later, I arrived at Santa Rosa. I went knocking door to door, ___26___ my situation with my very poor Spanish, ___27___ everyone pointed me to another house.
Finally, I ___28___ a Chinese restaurant. The owner was extremely ___29___. She heard my story and felt ___30___ for me. She said her son had a similar ___31___. At that time, some other people were very kind to him, and she remembered how ___32___ that made her feel. She invited me in, gave me food, and called the Red Cross to ___33___ me. I spent my remaining days in Costa Rica with the head of Red Cross.
I realized that being able to receive kindness is a ___34___ for other people as well. And kindness ___35___ more kindness in small ripples (波纹).
21. A. working B. paying C. travelling D. increasing
22. A. villagers B. tourists C. visitors D. strangers
23. A. street B. town C. countryside D. community
24. A. drove B. flew C. headed D. slid
25 A. buy B. afford C. rent D. earn
26. A. explaining B. sharing C. exchanging D. exploring
27. A. or B. but C. and D. therefore
28. A. thought of B. heard of C. arrived at D. aimed at
29. A. rich B. kind C. busy D. serious
30. A. proud B. happy C. excited D. sorry
31. A. adventure B. experience C. failure D. strategy
32. A. warm B. curious C. cool D. strange
33. A. choose B. calm C. comfort D. rescue
34. A. gift B. trouble C. trap D. request
35. A. improves B. challenges C. encourages D. designs
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。十年前，作者在哥斯达黎加旅行时，发现自己的处境很糟糕。他只知道基本的西班牙语，而他拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币。他四处求助，直到有一位中国餐馆的老板帮助了他。然后作者意识到，当你处于能够接受的位置时，它实际上让人们感到更快乐。能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物，而善意会在小小的波纹中激起更多的善意。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所有的银行卡都不能在国外使用。A. working工作；起作用；B. paying付钱；C. travelling旅行；D. increasing增加。根据“and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks.”可知，作者的银行卡在国外使用不了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是陌生人来救我，把我带回家。A. villagers村民；B. tourists游客；C. visitors参观者；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文可知，是一家餐馆的老板帮助了作者，所以是陌生人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得城市很危险，于是决定到乡下去寻找善良的人。A. street大街；B. town城镇；C. countryside乡下；D. community社区。根据“I thought the city dangerous”可知，作者认为城市太危险，所以到乡下寻找善良人帮助。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。A. drove驾驶；B. flew飞； C. headed 前进；D. slid下滑。head to sp.前往某地。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。句意：A. buy买；B. afford付得起；C. rent租；D. earn赚得。根据“With my remaining coins,”可知，因为作者只剩下一些硬币，所以只能买付得起的车票。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挨家挨户敲门，用我那蹩脚的西班牙语解释我的处境。A. explaining解释；B. sharing分享；C. exchanging交换；D. exploring探索。根据“with my very poor Spanish”可知，作者用蹩脚的西班牙语解释自己的处境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每个人都指我到另外一家。A. or或者；B. but但是；C. and和；D. therefore因此。根据前后句可知，这里为转折关系。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我来到了一家中国餐馆。A. thought of想到；B. heard of听说；C. arrived at到达；D. aimed at旨在。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：店主非常和蔼可亲。A. rich富的；B. kind善良的；C. busy忙的；D. serious严肃的。根据下文可知，店主非常善良，主动帮助作者。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她听了我的故事，对我感到同情。A. proud骄傲的；B. happy高兴的；C. excited激动地；D. sorry难过的。feel sorry for sb.同情某人。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说她的儿子也有类似的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经历；C. failure失败；D. strategy策略。根据“At that time, some other people were very kind to him,”可知，店主儿子也有过类似的经历。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她记得那使她感到多么温暖。A. warm温暖的；B. curious 好奇地；C. cool冷漠的；D. strange奇怪的。别人善待她的儿子，她的心里感到非常温暖。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请我进去，给我食物，打电话给红十字会来救我。A. choose选择；B. calm镇静；C. comfort安慰；D. rescue拯救。根据上文“It was ___2___who came to my rescue to get me home.”提示可知，店主打电话给红十字会来救作者。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到能够接受善意也是给别人的礼物。A. gift礼物；B. trouble麻烦；C. trap陷阱；D. request要求。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且善意会在小小的波纹中激发起更多的善意。A. improves提高；B. challenges挑战；C. encourages激发；D. designs设计。这里指善意会传递，激发起更多的善意。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ___36___ (tradition) Chinese lunar year divides the year into 24 solar terms. On the first day of Winter Solstice (冬至), the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experiences the ___37___ (short) day in the year. The Winter Solstice also ___38___ (mark) the arrival of the coldest season in the year.
There was a saying ___39___ ancient China, “The Winter Solstice is as important as the Spring Festival.” As early as the Zhou Dynasty, people worshipped (崇拜) the gods on the first day of the Winter Solstice, ___40___ also was the first day of the new year. The Winter Solstice ___41___ (become) a winter festival during the Han Dynasty. ___42___ (celebrate) were officially organized. On this day, both officials and common people would have ___43___ rest.
During the following dynasties, such ___44___ the Tang, Song and Qing dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day ___45___ (offer) sacrifices (祭祀) to Heaven and to ancestors.
【答案】36. traditional
37. shortest
38. marks 39. in
40. which 41. became
42. Celebrations
43. a 44. as
45. to offer
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统农历的一个节气——冬至。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。修饰名词Chinese lunar year前用形容词形式。故填traditional。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在冬至日的第一天，北半球经历一年中最短的一天。修饰名词day前用形容词，结合句意可知，用最高级形式。故填shortest。
【38题详解】
考查主谓一致。陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。主语The Winter Solstice为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。
【39题详解】
考查介词。“在中国古代”用介词in。故填in。
40题详解】
考查定语从句。句中先行词为day，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查时态。根据句中时间状语during the Han Dynasty可知用一般过去时态。故填became。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。根据句中的谓语动词were可知，主语用复数形式。故填Celebrations。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。短语have a rest休息。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查短语。短语such as比如。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在以后的朝代，如唐、宋、清，冬至是祭天、祭祖的日子。此处用不定式作定语，修饰名词day。故填to offer。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
单词拼写
46. In order to do this you have to build up _________ (自信).
47. He’s _________ (上瘾) to reading English novels.
48. What you say or do will have an e_________ on others.
49. She went to Spain d_________ the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
50. He quickly _________ (适应) himself to the new school life during the first week.
【答案】46. confidence
47. addicted
48. effect 49. despite
50. adapted
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了做到这一点，你必须建立信心。动词短语build up后接名词作宾语，结合所给中文提示“自信”可知，故填confidence。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对读英文小说上了瘾。短语be addicted to对……上瘾。故填addicted。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：你说的话或做的事会对别人产生影响。短语have an effect on对……有影响。故填effect。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管医生告诉她要休息，她还是去了西班牙。根据所提供首字母和结合句意可知，故填despite。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：开学第一周，他很快就适应了新的学校生活。短语adapt oneself to使适应。故填adapted。
第二节
汉译英
51. 我想申请一张去美国的签证。
52. 骑自行车时，你应当保持平衡。
53. 指导老师推荐我选修历史。
54. 不管发生了什么，他都没有放弃梦想。
55. 巨大的挑战会带来伟大的解决方案。
【答案】51. I would like to apply for a visa to America.
52. You should keep balance when you ride a bike ／ When riding a bike.
53. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for history.
54. No matter what happened, he didn’t give up his dream.
55. Big challenges can lead to great solutions.
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查短语。短语would like to想要；apply for申请。故译为I would like to apply for a visa to America.
【52题详解】
考查短语、时间状语从句和非谓语动词。短语keep balance保持平衡。用when引导时间状语从句；或句中逻辑主语You与ride是主动关系，所以也可以用现在分词在状语。故译为You should keep balance when you ride a bike ／ when riding a bike.
【53题详解】
考查虚拟语气和短语。动词recommend作“劝告、建议”之意时，后接从句，用should + v原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。短语sign up for登记报名。陈述过去事情，注意用一般过去时。故译为My adviser recommended that I should sign up for history.
【54题详解】
考查让步状语从句和短语。结合句意可知，用no matter what引导让步状语从句；短语give up放弃、故译为No matter what happened, he didn’t give up his dream.
【55题详解】
考查短语。短语lead to带来，导致。翻译时注意名词challenge和solution为可数名词，要用复数形式。故译为Big challenges can lead to great solutions.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
56.假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jack对近期你在学校参加的社团活动很感兴趣。请写一封邮件做介绍，内容包括：
1. 你参加的社团活动；
2. 介绍活动时间、内容等；
3. 你的收获和感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
How’s everything going?
I’m excited to tell you that I’ve joined a Chinese painting club in our school this term. Members of our club meet once a week. We have different activities and I enjoy all of them. We’ve invited some well-known painters to the club to talk about the history of Chinese painting, and to teach us the basic techniques of drawing. At the weekend, we go to visit art galleries, where we study the masterpieces of famous artists and discuss how we understand them. Of course, we practice painting whenever we can spare some time.
I’m so proud of myself that now I understand Chinese painting a lot better, and I’ve learned how to draw. I love painting.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义用英语给澳大利亚笔友Jack写一封电子邮件。
【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达，写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。
【点睛】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。如定语从句的使用：At the weekend, we go to visit art galleries, where we study the masterpieces of famous artists and discuss how we understand them. 名词性从句的使用：I’m so proud of myself that now I understand Chinese painting a lot better, and I’ve learned how to draw.
高一年级考试英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What ice cream does the woman like the most?
A. Peanut butter. B. Strawberry. C. Chocolate.
2. Where will the man go?
A. To the airport. B. To the supermarket. C. To the clothing store.
3. What did the woman think of the book?
A. It was just so-so. B. It was boring. C. It was really good.
4. How are the speakers likely related?
A. Mother and son. B. Brother and sister. C. Friends.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The latest clothes. B. Body temperature. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the boy paint the picture?
A. In his bedroom. B. In the living room. C. In his classroom.
7. What color did the boy use to paint the cat?
A. Purple. B. Blue. C. Green.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the boss?
A. Mr. Cassell. B. Ms. Baker. C. Mr. Langley.
9. Why does the man apologize at the end?
A. He misunderstood what he saw.
B. He won’t be able to attend the birthday party.
C. He put his kids’ markers on the woman’s desk.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will the man do today?
A. Buy some dog food.
B. Bring his dog to the doctor.
C. Have a check-up for himself.
11. What does the woman imply about her sister?
A. She has a son.
B. She doesn’t like dogs.
C. She doesn’t treat her dog very well.
12. What does the woman suggest?
A. The man’s dog is lucky.
B. Her dog is like her child.
C. She wants a dog soon.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who might the woman be?
A. The captain. B. A passenger. C. An air hostess.
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Working. B. Eating some peanuts. C. Reading on a computer.
15. When was the announcement made by the captain?
A. Twenty minutes ago. B. Ten minutes ago. C. Five minutes ago.
16. How does the woman probably feel?
A. Sorry. B. Thankful. C. Annoyed.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did an earthquake take place?
A. In Bakersville. B. In Madison County. C. In Philadelphia.
18. Who are police looking for?
A. Someone who burned down a theater.
B. People hurt in the earthquake.
C. Someone who robbed three gas stations.
19. When will the speaker give another news report?
A. At 7:00 p.m. B. At 10:00 p.m. C. At 11:00 p.m.
20. What will viewers see next?
A. An advertisement. B. The weather report. C. A movie.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
While traveling alone has some disadvantages, it’s well worth the journey. And, if you’re looking for some travel inspiration on international destinations that are perfect for solo traveling, we’ve got your four.
Canada is well-known for being one of the friendliest countries in the world. Eat your way through Toronto and test your fear of heights walking 116 stories above the ground on the CN Tower’s Edge Walk. Traveling in Canada is easy, safe, and dynamic.
Amsterdam’s canal ring is on the UNESCO World Heritage list. In the warmer months, you’ll want to visit the flea markets, parks, and dine alfresco. You’ll be amazed to find there are more bicycles than there are people in Amsterdam.
Nature enthusiasts will find much to explore in Iceland, a country full of volcanoes and glaciers (but a lack of forests! ). Tour the Golden Circle and visit the famous Blue Lagoon. Iceland is one of the safest countries in the world to visit, making it a top choice for this list.
Visiting Japan without going to Kyoto would be a big mistake. Gion, Kyoto’s geisha district, is highlight. You’ll see Zen gardens, temples, and sake bars as well as casual Japanese bars.
Costa Rica is known for its tropical beaches and rich forests. It’s an adventurer’s dream place, with lots of hiking, surfing, and boating opportunities. Costa Rica is a safe country to visit, outside of the possible sun burn, and you may experience the Pura Vida lifestyle that the country is known for.
1. Which is the best place to test your courage?
A. The CN Tower’s Edge Walk.
B. Kyoto’s geisha district.
C. The Blue Lagoon.
D. Amsterdam.
2. If you want to go to a forest and have adventures, which country should you go?
A. Canada. B. Iceland.
C. Costa Rica. D. Japan.
3. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To introduce some places in the world.
B. To show solo travelers places to visit.
C. To describe beautiful scenery around the world.
D. To point out some places people should not miss.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个适合独自旅行的地方——加拿大、阿姆斯特丹、冰岛、日本京都和哥斯达黎加。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Eat your way through Toronto and test your fear of heights walking 116 stories above the ground on the CN Tower’s Edge Walk.”可知，在116层高的加拿大国家电视塔极限边缘漫步可以测试你的勇气。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Costa Rica is known for its tropical beaches and rich forests. It’s an adventurer’s dream place, with lots of hiking, surfing, and boating opportunities.( 哥斯达黎加以其热带海滩和丰富的森林而闻名。这是一个冒险家的梦想之地，有很多徒步旅行、冲浪和划船的机会。)”可知，如果你想去森林并喜欢探险，应该去哥斯达黎加。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And, if you’re looking for some travel inspiration on international destinations that are perfect for solo traveling, we’ve got your four.”及全文内容可知，文章介绍几处适合国际旅行目的地，以便于独自旅行者提供灵感，所以文章的主要目的是为独自旅行者介绍了几处适合参观的地方。故选B。
B
Before she could even talk, Ellie Heath spent hours drawing pictures. When she grew older, the 15-year-old discovered the joy of sewing (缝纫). She says she finds it calming. She started out making small things, like jewelry and soft toys. Over time, she began making clothing. Her love of the creative work led her to open a business. Three Blue Bunnies is the name of her company, which makes what she calls “wearable art.”
“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It’s one of a kind, often handmade,” she explains. She sells her creations in farmers markets and at sales for local churches.
All the pieces Ellie creates are made of used or donated fabrics. She works a lot with jean jackets, renewing them with artistic additions. The process starts with finding cloth material that looks good with the jackets. “Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error (反复尝试) or the design comes to me,” she explains.
Ellie sharpened her creative skills at school. Cheryl Crow was one of her teachers early on. Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She was always very creative, but also very kind, helpful to the other students.”
Ellie has many dreams. She wants to be a teacher and to spread the joy of creativity among children. She also dreams her business will grow and become a model for other young people who have a dream they want to come true.
4. What does “wearable art” mean according to Ellie Heath?
A. Something that can be worn.
B. Something that is valuable.
C. Something that makes you different from others.
D. Something that cannot be found anywhere else.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Ellie?
A. Creative and determined. B. Generous and outgoing.
C. Warm-hearted and clever. D. Hard-working and unique.
6. What can we can learn from paragraph three?
A. All of the cloth comes from donation.
B. Ellie got a lot of pleasure from her design.
C. It is a piece of cake for Ellie to create a wearable art.
D. The process of artistic design is usually not easy.
7. What does the word “sharpened” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Performed. B. Challenged.
C. Improved. D. Applied.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位名叫埃莉·希思的女孩变废为宝——用废弃的布料制作“可穿戴的艺术品”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It’s one of a kind, often handmade,” she explains. (“我对可穿戴艺术的定义是让你变得独一无二。它通常为手工制作的物品。”她解释说。)”可知，埃莉·希思认为可穿戴艺术是能让你与众不同的东西。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She was always very creative, but also very kind, helpful to the other students.””可知，埃莉·希思是一位有创造力的女孩。根据埃莉·希思从小就花了好几个小时画画，后来开设自己的公司，并梦想自己成为一名老师，自己的公司能够成长，都说明了埃莉·希思有决心的、有毅力的。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error (反复尝试) or the design comes to me,” she explains.(“然后，我通过反复尝试找到适合它的设计，或者也许我恰好突然爆发设计灵感，”她解释道。)”可推测，艺术设计的过程通常是不容易的。故选D。
7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. (克罗称，埃莉是“一个优秀的学生”。她说，埃莉十分刻苦并取得了进步。)”可知，艾莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力。从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。故选C。
【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题4要求猜测出sharpened的含义，就是根据文章第四段“Crow calls Ellie “a dream student.” She says Ellie worked hard and made progress. (克罗称，埃莉是“一个优秀的学生”。她说，埃莉十分刻苦并取得了进步。)”可知，艾莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力。从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。
C
The victims were carried in one by one, their paws burned and fur burnt, suffering from dehydration (脱水) and fear. Their caretakers bandaged (用绷带包扎) their wounds and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar — the leaves of a eucalyptus (桉树) tree. As fires have burned more than two million acres in Australia, dozens of koalas have been rescued from burned trees and pale ground. The animals are being treated in rescue centers, and at least one private home, along the country’s east coast.
The difficult situation of the koala — a national symbol of Australia — has raised questions among environmentalists and scientists about what it will take to protect biodiversity (生物多样性) in a country with intense fire, extreme heat and lack of water. Australia has already been among the highest rates of species extinction in the world.
The bad situation goes beyond koalas. Recently, tens of thousands of bats fell from the sky in temperatures over 107 degrees Fahrenheit in northern Australia. Kangaroos destroyed the grapes in Canberra because of drought.
“Climate change and other human impacts have so changed the situation that the government needs to rethink its way to protect at once,” Dr. Bowman said, suggesting interventions (干预) like irrigating, feeding and moving animals to new places.
Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not escape from fires. Therefore, though the fires are still burning, a rescue team began to search the area carefully. Walking in a human chain, they looked up to the tree top, searching for survivors.
8. What do the victims in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Animals injured in fires.
B. Kangaroos driven by drought.
C. Bats that fell from the sky.
D. Koalas rescued from the fire.
9. Which of the following may cause the extinction of wildlife?
A. Wildfires that seldom happened.
B. Extreme hot weather in Australia.
C. The never-changing climate in Australia.
D Not having enough money to take measures in Australia.
10. What can we draw from Dr. Bowman?
A. Human activities have little influence on animals.
B. The government should take immediate action.
C. The government does not care about the wild animals.
D. Scientists are concerned about the bad situation of wildlife.
11. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Saving the Fire Victims Who Cannot Escape: Australia’s Koalas
B. Saving the Endangered Wild Animals in Australia
C. Actions Needed to Protect Habitat for Koalas
D. National Symbol of Australia Needs Rescue
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍森林火灾肆虐，澳大利亚考拉面临死亡威胁。人们积极努力，拯救那些无法逃离的火灾受害者——澳大利亚的考拉。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar — the leaves of a eucalyptus (桉树) tree.(放在篮子里面有一样它们熟悉的东西——桉树叶。)”第二段“The difficult situation of the koala (考拉的困境)”可知，第一段中的受害者是指从火中救出的考拉。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The difficult situation of the koala — a national symbol of Australia — has raised questions among environmentalists and scientists about what it will take to protect biodiversity (生物多样性) in a country with intense fire, extreme heat and lack of water.”可知，澳大利亚极端高温天气和水资源匮乏，容易遭受大火，所以可能导致野生动物灭绝。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Climate change and other human impacts have so changed the situation that the government needs to rethink its way to protect at once, (气候变化和其他人类影响已经极大地改变了状况，政府需要迫切地重新思考保护方式，)”可知，鲍曼博士认为政府应该立即采取行动。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍森林火灾肆虐，澳大利亚考拉面临死亡威胁。人们积极努力，拯救那些无法逃离的火灾受害者——澳大利亚的考拉。故选A。
D
If you’re reading this story, the chances are you’ve got a pretty good command of English. You’re not alone — an estimated 1.5 billion people speak English today, making it the most commonly used language in the world. Most are non-native speakers with English as their second language, while it serves as a third or fourth language for hundreds of millions more. So which place has the most fluent non-native English speakers?
According to a new report by international education company, the Netherlands is the best non-native English speakers across the globe. The results of its English Proficiency Index (英语能力指数), based on a free online test taken by 2.3 million volunteers, show that the Dutch are the most fluent. Sweden was positioned just below, with a score of 68.74 out of 100, while Norway came in third with 67.93 points.
Although the places with “very high proficiency” were largely made up of European countries, Singapore and South Africa also scored highly, coming in fifth and sixth place respectively.
The report also found that English was the most widely studied second language in the world by far. This may be the reason why just 20% of school students in the United States were studying a foreign language.
The survey was measured by testing non-native English speakers in 100 countries and over 400 cities and regions who voluntarily agreed to take the test. But there’s one thing that should be noticed. People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results.
12. Which of the following country has the most fluent non-native English speakers?
A. America. B. Singapore.
C. Sweden. D. The Netherlands.
13. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Americans do not need to learn a second language.
B. Americans dislike languages other than English.
C. More and more people are taking English as a second language.
D. Not many Americans would like to learn another language.
14. How was the survey carried out?
A. By asking volunteers to test online.
B. By handing out paper survey in some places.
C. By inviting volunteers to participate in the company.
D. By cooperating with other organizations.
15. What’s the attitude of the author towards the results of the survey?
A. Positive. B. Doubtful.
C. Supportive. D. Objective.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哪些国家英语不是母语，但是说得却很溜。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“According to a new report by international education company, the Netherlands is the best non-native English speakers across the globe. (根据跨国教育集团的一份新报告指出，荷兰是全球母语非英语的国家中英语说得最好的。)”可知，荷兰拥有最流利的非英语母语人士。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This may be the reason why just 20% of school students in the United States were studying a foreign language. (这也许就是为什么在美国只有20%的学生在学习一门外语。)”可推断，不是很多美国人愿意学习另一种语言。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The results of its English Proficiency Index (英语能力指数), based on a free online test taken by 2.3 million volunteers, show that the Dutch are the most fluent. (英语能力指数的结果基于一个免费的在线测试了230万名志愿者)”可知，这项调查是通过志愿者在网上进行测试获得的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results. (但有一件事值得注意，如果人们能上网，他们更有可能参与在调查中更容易，这可能会大大影响结果的准确性。)”可推断，作者对调查结果的态度是怀疑的。故选B。
【点睛】推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。例如小题4，就是根据文章最后一段“People are more likely to participate (参与) in the survey if they can surf the internet more easily. And this may greatly influence the accuracy (准确性) of the results. (但有一件事值得注意，如果人们能上网，他们更有可能参与在调查中更容易，这可能会大大影响结果的准确性。)”可推断，作者对调查结果的准确性表示怀疑，从而推断出答案。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all been there: Just when you’re getting used to your new workout routine, suddenly your knee is killing you. ___16___ Before injury strikes, listen to these signs that might show your body needs some time off.
You’re always sore (酸疼). ___17___ But if you’re exercising regularly, you shouldn’t constantly be feeling sore. You should always give your muscles 24 to 48 hours to recover between training sessions. If you still feel sore, it’s possible you’re overtraining.
___18___ Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. It is known that exercise can make us happier because of endorphins — a stress-fighting chemical — in the brain. However, those endorphins are also accompanied by cortisol, a stress chemical. And when cortisol levels remain high for an extended period, they cause harm on mental health.
Your heart rate is abnormal. One of the best ways to tell if you’ve been overtraining is to check your heart rate. If you’re above your normal, then your body is not really ready for a hard workout that day. ___19___
The best thing about noticing these symptoms (症状)? ___20___ A little R&R (rest and recovery) is just what your body ordered!
A. You’re constantly tired or emotional.
B. Yes, you’ve over-worked yourself into an injury.
C. Fortunately, recovery is simple — just take it easy for a few days!
D. That’s one of the best ways to judge your readiness to exercise.
E. Sure, a bit of muscle soreness after some workout is totally normal.
F. It’s much easier to relax and check heart rate than it is to recover from an injury.
G. Doing the same activity over and over without proper recovery is going to cause injury.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们在运动锻炼时如何防止运动过度而受伤。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Just when you’re getting used to your new workout routine, suddenly your knee is killing you.( 就在你开始习惯你的新锻炼计划时，突然你的膝盖开始疼了。) ”和后句“Before injury strikes, listen to these signs that might show your body needs some time off. ( 就在你开始习惯你的新锻炼计划时，突然你的膝盖开始疼了。) ”可知，这是因为过度劳累而受伤。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前句“You’re always sore (酸疼). (你总是酸疼。) ”和后句“But if you’re exercising regularly, you shouldn’t constantly be feeling sore. (但是如果你经常锻炼，你不应该总是感到酸痛。) ”可知，在锻炼后出现一点肌肉酸痛是完全正常的。故选E。
【18题详解】
所填句是此段中心句，根据上下段的中心句中都是以you开头和后句“Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. (愤怒、焦虑和疲劳也是信号。) ”可知，你总是很累或者很情绪化。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句“If you’re above your normal, then your body is not really ready for a hard workout that day. (如果你超过了你的正常水平，那么你的身体并没有真正为那一天的高强度锻炼做好准备。) ”可知，这是判断你是否做好运动准备的最好方法之一。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据前句“The best thing about noticing these symptoms (症状)? (最好的注意这些症状。) ”和后句“A little R&R (rest and recovery) is just what your body ordered! (休息和恢复正是你身体所需要的!) ”可知，放松和检查心率比从受伤中恢复要容易得多。故选F。
【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。例如小题3要求选择本段的中心句，结合上下段的其它三个中心句中都是以you开头和其后句“Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. (愤怒、焦虑和疲劳也是信号。) ”可知，你总是很累或者很情绪化，从而选出正确的答案。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was visiting Costa Rica when I found myself in a bad situation: all my bank cards weren’t ___21___ abroad, and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks. Back then, there were no cellphones or Internet. It was ___22___who came to my rescue to get me home.
I thought the city dangerous and decided to find kind people in the ___23___. With my remaining coins, I ___24___ to the bus station and found a countryside that I could ___25___. Five hours later, I arrived at Santa Rosa. I went knocking door to door, ___26___ my situation with my very poor Spanish, ___27___ everyone pointed me to another house.
Finally, I ___28___ a Chinese restaurant. The owner was extremely ___29___. She heard my story and felt ___30___ for me. She said her son had a similar ___31___. At that time, some other people were very kind to him, and she remembered how ___32___ that made her feel. She invited me in, gave me food, and called the Red Cross to ___33___ me. I spent my remaining days in Costa Rica with the head of Red Cross.
I realized that being able to receive kindness is a ___34___ for other people as well. And kindness ___35___ more kindness in small ripples (波纹).
21. A. working B. paying C. travelling D. increasing
22. A. villagers B. tourists C. visitors D. strangers
23. A. street B. town C. countryside D. community
24. A. drove B. flew C. headed D. slid
25 A. buy B. afford C. rent D. earn
26. A. explaining B. sharing C. exchanging D. exploring
27. A. or B. but C. and D. therefore
28. A. thought of B. heard of C. arrived at D. aimed at
29. A. rich B. kind C. busy D. serious
30. A. proud B. happy C. excited D. sorry
31. A. adventure B. experience C. failure D. strategy
32. A. warm B. curious C. cool D. strange
33. A. choose B. calm C. comfort D. rescue
34. A. gift B. trouble C. trap D. request
35. A. improves B. challenges C. encourages D. designs
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。十年前，作者在哥斯达黎加旅行时，发现自己的处境很糟糕。他只知道基本的西班牙语，而他拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币。他四处求助，直到有一位中国餐馆的老板帮助了他。然后作者意识到，当你处于能够接受的位置时，它实际上让人们感到更快乐。能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物，而善意会在小小的波纹中激起更多的善意。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所有的银行卡都不能在国外使用。A. working工作；起作用；B. paying付钱；C. travelling旅行；D. increasing增加。根据“and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks.”可知，作者的银行卡在国外使用不了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是陌生人来救我，把我带回家。A. villagers村民；B. tourists游客；C. visitors参观者；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文可知，是一家餐馆的老板帮助了作者，所以是陌生人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得城市很危险，于是决定到乡下去寻找善良的人。A. street大街；B. town城镇；C. countryside乡下；D. community社区。根据“I thought the city dangerous”可知，作者认为城市太危险，所以到乡下寻找善良人帮助。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。A. drove驾驶；B. flew飞； C. headed 前进；D. slid下滑。head to sp.前往某地。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。句意：A. buy买；B. afford付得起；C. rent租；D. earn赚得。根据“With my remaining coins,”可知，因为作者只剩下一些硬币，所以只能买付得起的车票。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挨家挨户敲门，用我那蹩脚的西班牙语解释我的处境。A. explaining解释；B. sharing分享；C. exchanging交换；D. exploring探索。根据“with my very poor Spanish”可知，作者用蹩脚的西班牙语解释自己的处境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每个人都指我到另外一家。A. or或者；B. but但是；C. and和；D. therefore因此。根据前后句可知，这里为转折关系。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我来到了一家中国餐馆。A. thought of想到；B. heard of听说；C. arrived at到达；D. aimed at旨在。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：店主非常和蔼可亲。A. rich富的；B. kind善良的；C. busy忙的；D. serious严肃的。根据下文可知，店主非常善良，主动帮助作者。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她听了我的故事，对我感到同情。A. proud骄傲的；B. happy高兴的；C. excited激动地；D. sorry难过的。feel sorry for sb.同情某人。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说她的儿子也有类似的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经历；C. failure失败；D. strategy策略。根据“At that time, some other people were very kind to him,”可知，店主儿子也有过类似的经历。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她记得那使她感到多么温暖。A. warm温暖的；B. curious 好奇地；C. cool冷漠的；D. strange奇怪的。别人善待她的儿子，她的心里感到非常温暖。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请我进去，给我食物，打电话给红十字会来救我。A. choose选择；B. calm镇静；C. comfort安慰；D. rescue拯救。根据上文“It was ___2___who came to my rescue to get me home.”提示可知，店主打电话给红十字会来救作者。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到能够接受善意也是给别人的礼物。A. gift礼物；B. trouble麻烦；C. trap陷阱；D. request要求。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且善意会在小小的波纹中激发起更多的善意。A. improves提高；B. challenges挑战；C. encourages激发；D. designs设计。这里指善意会传递，激发起更多的善意。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ___36___ (tradition) Chinese lunar year divides the year into 24 solar terms. On the first day of Winter Solstice (冬至), the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experiences the ___37___ (short) day in the year. The Winter Solstice also ___38___ (mark) the arrival of the coldest season in the year.
There was a saying ___39___ ancient China, “The Winter Solstice is as important as the Spring Festival.” As early as the Zhou Dynasty, people worshipped (崇拜) the gods on the first day of the Winter Solstice, ___40___ also was the first day of the new year. The Winter Solstice ___41___ (become) a winter festival during the Han Dynasty. ___42___ (celebrate) were officially organized. On this day, both officials and common people would have ___43___ rest.
During the following dynasties, such ___44___ the Tang, Song and Qing dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day ___45___ (offer) sacrifices (祭祀) to Heaven and to ancestors.
【答案】36. traditional
37. shortest
38. marks 39. in
40. which 41. became
42. Celebrations
43. a 44. as
45. to offer
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统农历的一个节气——冬至。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。修饰名词Chinese lunar year前用形容词形式。故填traditional。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在冬至日的第一天，北半球经历一年中最短的一天。修饰名词day前用形容词，结合句意可知，用最高级形式。故填shortest。
【38题详解】
考查主谓一致。陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。主语The Winter Solstice为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。
【39题详解】
考查介词。“在中国古代”用介词in。故填in。
40题详解】
考查定语从句。句中先行词为day，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查时态。根据句中时间状语during the Han Dynasty可知用一般过去时态。故填became。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。根据句中的谓语动词were可知，主语用复数形式。故填Celebrations。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。短语have a rest休息。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查短语。短语such as比如。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在以后的朝代，如唐、宋、清，冬至是祭天、祭祖的日子。此处用不定式作定语，修饰名词day。故填to offer。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
单词拼写
46. In order to do this you have to build up _________ (自信).
47. He’s _________ (上瘾) to reading English novels.
48. What you say or do will have an e_________ on others.
49. She went to Spain d_________ the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
50. He quickly _________ (适应) himself to the new school life during the first week.
【答案】46. confidence
47. addicted
48. effect 49. despite
50. adapted
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了做到这一点，你必须建立信心。动词短语build up后接名词作宾语，结合所给中文提示“自信”可知，故填confidence。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对读英文小说上了瘾。短语be addicted to对……上瘾。故填addicted。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：你说的话或做的事会对别人产生影响。短语have an effect on对……有影响。故填effect。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管医生告诉她要休息，她还是去了西班牙。根据所提供首字母和结合句意可知，故填despite。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：开学第一周，他很快就适应了新的学校生活。短语adapt oneself to使适应。故填adapted。
第二节
汉译英
51. 我想申请一张去美国的签证。
52. 骑自行车时，你应当保持平衡。
53. 指导老师推荐我选修历史。
54. 不管发生了什么，他都没有放弃梦想。
55. 巨大的挑战会带来伟大的解决方案。
【答案】51. I would like to apply for a visa to America.
52. You should keep balance when you ride a bike ／ When riding a bike.
53. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for history.
54. No matter what happened, he didn’t give up his dream.
55. Big challenges can lead to great solutions.
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查短语。短语would like to想要；apply for申请。故译为I would like to apply for a visa to America.
【52题详解】
考查短语、时间状语从句和非谓语动词。短语keep balance保持平衡。用when引导时间状语从句；或句中逻辑主语You与ride是主动关系，所以也可以用现在分词在状语。故译为You should keep balance when you ride a bike ／ when riding a bike.
【53题详解】
考查虚拟语气和短语。动词recommend作“劝告、建议”之意时，后接从句，用should + v原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。短语sign up for登记报名。陈述过去事情，注意用一般过去时。故译为My adviser recommended that I should sign up for history.
【54题详解】
考查让步状语从句和短语。结合句意可知，用no matter what引导让步状语从句；短语give up放弃、故译为No matter what happened, he didn’t give up his dream.
【55题详解】
考查短语。短语lead to带来，导致。翻译时注意名词challenge和solution为可数名词，要用复数形式。故译为Big challenges can lead to great solutions.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
56.假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jack对近期你在学校参加的社团活动很感兴趣。请写一封邮件做介绍，内容包括：
1. 你参加的社团活动；
2. 介绍活动时间、内容等；
3. 你的收获和感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
How’s everything going?
I’m excited to tell you that I’ve joined a Chinese painting club in our school this term. Members of our club meet once a week. We have different activities and I enjoy all of them. We’ve invited some well-known painters to the club to talk about the history of Chinese painting, and to teach us the basic techniques of drawing. At the weekend, we go to visit art galleries, where we study the masterpieces of famous artists and discuss how we understand them. Of course, we practice painting whenever we can spare some time.
I’m so proud of myself that now I understand Chinese painting a lot better, and I’ve learned how to draw. I love painting.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义用英语给澳大利亚笔友Jack写一封电子邮件。
【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达，写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。
【点睛】本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。如定语从句的使用：At the weekend, we go to visit art galleries, where we study the masterpieces of famous artists and discuss how we understand them. 名词性从句的使用：I’m so proud of myself that now I understand Chinese painting a lot better, and I’ve learned how to draw.
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