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(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题二 代词 (含答案)课件
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这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题二 代词 (含答案)课件，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了-2-，高考感悟，考点归纳，-3-，-4-，-5-，-6-，-7-，-8-，-9-等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)If yu are time pr,yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts,s perhaps we shuld all give it a try. 2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When the grillas and I frightened each ther,I was just glad t find them(they) alive.3.(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut. 4.(2017·浙江卷)“She thught I had hurt myself (I),” says Pahlssn.5.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Hwever,the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths,mre than 25,000 peple were using it every day.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)They(My parents) wuld say t us that playing card games wuld help my brain.us→me2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I had dne myself hmewrk,but I was shy.myself→my/the3.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all wrk in ur schl.all→bth4.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷) This picture ften brings back t me many happy memries f yur high schl days.yur→my
考点一 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
注意①形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词。如:her father她的父亲②“f(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格。如:a friend f mine我的一个朋友
考点二 it的用法1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past tw nw.(指时间)It is 6 miles t the nearest hspital.(指距离)It is very cld in the rm.(指温度)2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。—Wh’s that at the dr?—It is the milkman.(it指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人)—I’ve brken a plate.—It(=Breaking the plate) desn’t matter.(it指前面所提到过的事情)
3.it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把从句、动词-ing形式和不定式充当的真正的主语或宾语放在后面。It is said that all f them have gne t the cinema.N matter where he is,he makes it a rule t g ut fr a walk befre ,like,lve,dislike,hate,dn’t mind,be fnd f,feel like,see t等动词(短语)后面的宾语从句前要加it。I hate it that yu leave the dr pen.我讨厌你把门开着。5.用于某些固定结构。如make it;get it;see t it that;put it。Hw shall I put it?我该怎么说呢?
考点三 替代词it,ne,nes,the ne,the nes,that,thse1.it特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰。ne泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于“a/an+单数名词”;nes泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词;the ne特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);the nes特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用thse代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+可数名词单数/不可数名词”;that 的复数形式为thse,替代可数名词复数,既可指人也可指物。
Yesterday I lst my pen and I culdn’t find it.S I had t buy ne.(it指代my pen;ne替代a pen)The bks n the desk are better than thse/the nes under the desk.(thse/the nes替代the bks)N pleasure can equal that f a cl drink n a ht day.(that替代pleasure)
2.that和ne的主要区别that既可替代可数名词单数,也可替代不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为thse;ne只能替代可数名词单数,复数形式为nes。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用ne,不用that。当f短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时,用that,不用ne。The quality f educatin in this small schl is better than that in sme larger schls.(that替代the quality f educatin)If yu’re buying tday’s paper frm the stand,culd yu get ne fr me?(ne替代a paper 一份报纸)
考点四 指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,有this,that,these,thse。this,that是单数,these,thse是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。I want this bk,nt that bk.I like these and he like thse.The weather in Shanghai is nt s cld as that in Beijing.
考点五 all,bth,either,neither,each和nne1.bth(两者都),either(两者中的任何一个),neither(两者都不)。以上这些词的使用范围为两者。Jhn and Mary have bth wn the prizes.The research grup prduced tw reprts based n the survey,but neither cntained any useful suggestins.I’ve lived in New Yrk and Chicag,but dn’t like either f them very 与复数名词连用,either与单数名词连用。There are flwers n bth sides f the street.There are flwers n either side f the street.
3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),nne(都不)。以上词的使用范围均为三者或三者以上。All the students in my class like ur teachers.Althugh Rsemary had suffered frm a serius illness fr years,she lst nne f her enthusiasm fr 可指两者,也可指两者以上。They each have a car.
考点六 n,nne,nbdy和nthing1.n不能单独使用,相当于nt a或nt any,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。He has n wrry abut 既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词f连用,用于回答hw many/much引导的疑问句。—Hw many peple are there in the rm?—Nne.
3.nbdy指人,用于回答wh引导的疑问句;nthing指物,用于回答what引导的疑问句。The meeting will be held in September,but nbdy knws the date fr sure.—What are yu ding?—Nthing.
考点七 anther,ther,the ther和thers1.anther既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。还可以用于“anther+数词+复数名词”中,表示“再,又”。Recycling is ne way t prtect the envirnment;reusing is anther.Yu have t wait fr anther three 可用作形容词,意思为“别的,其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。Yu can ask ther peple t help ther指两个人或物中的“另一个”,不能用anther,此时ther为代词。The ld man has tw sns.One is a teacher;the ther is a dctr.
4.the ther 后可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数,不接不可数名词。此时ther为形容词。On the ther side f the street,there is a tall tree.He is taller than the ther students in his 是ther的复数形式,泛指“另外几个;其他的”。thers表示复数意义,相当于“ther+复数名词”,但不能做定语;the thers相当于“the ther+复数名词”,指剩下的全部。Tw students in ur class failed,but all the thers passed the exam.
考点八 复合不定代词everyne/everybdy意为“每个人”;smene/smebdy意为“某人,有人”,其特殊含义是“有价值的人或者重要的人”;anybdy意为“任何人,无论谁”;nbdy意为“没有人,无人,谁也不”,还可指“无名之辈”。everything意为“每件事,所有事物”;smething意为“某事/物”,其特殊含义是“大致……左右,有价值的或者重要的事物”;anything意为“任何事物”;nthing意为“没有;无关紧要的事物”。
Smebdy has parked his car right in frnt f mine.He was such a fast talker that nbdy culd understand him.—Have yu figured ut hw much the trip will cst?—$4,000,r smething like that.A smile csts nthing,but gives much.常见搭配:nthing but只不过anything but绝不;根本不smething f有点儿……;在某种程度上是nthing t d with和……没关系fr nthing免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地
考点九 部分否定与全部否定all,bth,everyne,everybdy,everything以及“every+名词”都表示全部肯定。nne,n ne,nbdy,nthing,neither,nt any以及“n+名词”均表示全部否定;但当nt 与表示全部肯定的不定代词连用时,不管nt的位置在其前还是其后,都表示部分否定。Nne f them smke.N wrds can express my anger.Such a persn can’t be fund everywhere.(部分否定)Nt all the students have read the bk.(部分否定)
Ⅰ.单句填空1.We can all help each ther and make urselves(we) and this wrld a better traffic n the main streets has a lnger green signal than that n the small asks Bill and Peter t g n a picnic with him,but neither f them wants t,because they have wrk t made it clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself. 5.In sme cuntries,peple eat with chpsticks,while in thers,knives and ’t d anything that shuld g against his will.
7.An average f just 18.75 cm f rain fell last year,making it the driest year since Califrnia became a state in 1850. 8.—When shall I call,in the mrning r afternn?—Either.I’ll be in all day.9.I’d appreciate it if yu culd let me knw in advance whether r nt yu will cme. 10.T her jy,Della earned first the trust f her students and then that f her ’s an either-r situatin—we can buy a new car this year r we can g n hliday but we can’t d ’d lived in Lndn and Manchester but she liked neither and mved t Cambridge.
13.At ur factry there are a few machines similar t thse described in this he tk his glves ff,I nticed that each ne had his name written inside.15.I prefer the large bx t the small ne.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.Of all the subjects I like English best.I had been learning them fr eleven years.them→it2.Jhn,my Spanish teacher,said,“Take easy;it is just a small quiz.”在easy前加it3.Sme f the huses have bathrms but much d nt.much→many4.It was the first time he felt he had achieved smething by him.him→himself5.Suzhu is nt far frm Shanghai,s yu can easily visit all in a day.all→bth
,wh is ur new teacher,is s cncerned abut us that we are all fnd f him.him→her7.It was such a small thing t have caused s many truble.many→much8.Frm there I saw the bull kicking my fd bag with their feet.their→its9.China is bigger than any thers cuntry in Asia.thers→ther
Ⅲ.语篇填空Emily sits by her desk.She studies fr an exam.Actually,she frces 1.herself t study fr that exam,since what she really wants t d is g utside and play sccer!Her friend Kelly is by her windw.She thrws a little stne at it and then calls,“Is there 2.anybdy/anyne hme?”“Yes,I am here!” Emily answers.“This is s unfair!I want t be utside with 3.yu and nt here with these bring bklets(小册子)!”“Whatever yu are ding with thse bring bklets,yu shuld cme ut and play with us!”Kelly calls back.
“I can’t d 4.that,” Emily says sadly.“This exam f 5.mine is tmrrw,s nw I need t study fr it.” She takes the stne that Kelly threw in,and sends it flying utside.Then she clses the windw.She knws that everybdy else has studied already,and nw 6.all f them are playing utside.“Well,” she thinks t herself,“it is my test,and I myself have t study fr it.I knw that Kelly wants t help me,but nt this time.We can help 7.each ther with ther things.”She takes anther lk at her tw bklets.She tries t read a page f the first bklet,and then a page f the are bring.“ 9.Neither f yu is interesting!” she tells them seriusly.“What can I d?” she thinks t herself.“I really have enugh!”
Suddenly,a great idea cmes t her mind.“I knw!” she thinks.“I’ll make a drawing f everything I read!I like t draw,and drawings will make it interesting!”She grabs her pencil and happily begins t draw.Mre and mre is drawn n her ntebk,and after tw hurs she finishes her bklets.She is tired but happy,and she can finally g ut t play.“Where is 10.everybdy/everyne?” she asks herself.Emily ntices it is dark already.“I guess they all went hme...”Suddenly her drbell rings.Kelly and the rest f her friends are there.They are all tired and they want t watch a mvie tgether.Emily is very happy.She can nw enjy a mvie with her friends!
Ⅳ.短文改错This mrning was very unusually fr me.My car was run int by the wman’s car.As a result,neither my car nr her car was drivable.Luckily,n ne hurt.Remembering all the stries f kindness and lve ur teacher nce tells us,I didn’t get angry with this pr wman whm was crying.Hwever,I invited her int my car t warm up since it was freezing utside.We chatted with while waiting fr the plice.She sn stpped cry and we ended up saying gdbye with smile.I’m glad t have kept kindness in my heart.Withut them,this mrning culd have gne very differently.
Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)If yu are time pr,yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts,s perhaps we shuld all give it a try. 2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When the grillas and I frightened each ther,I was just glad t find them(they) alive.3.(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut. 4.(2017·浙江卷)“She thught I had hurt myself (I),” says Pahlssn.5.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Hwever,the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths,mre than 25,000 peple were using it every day.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)They(My parents) wuld say t us that playing card games wuld help my brain.us→me2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I had dne myself hmewrk,but I was shy.myself→my/the3.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all wrk in ur schl.all→bth4.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷) This picture ften brings back t me many happy memries f yur high schl days.yur→my
考点一 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
注意①形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词。如:her father她的父亲②“f(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格。如:a friend f mine我的一个朋友
考点二 it的用法1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past tw nw.(指时间)It is 6 miles t the nearest hspital.(指距离)It is very cld in the rm.(指温度)2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。—Wh’s that at the dr?—It is the milkman.(it指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人)—I’ve brken a plate.—It(=Breaking the plate) desn’t matter.(it指前面所提到过的事情)
3.it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把从句、动词-ing形式和不定式充当的真正的主语或宾语放在后面。It is said that all f them have gne t the cinema.N matter where he is,he makes it a rule t g ut fr a walk befre ,like,lve,dislike,hate,dn’t mind,be fnd f,feel like,see t等动词(短语)后面的宾语从句前要加it。I hate it that yu leave the dr pen.我讨厌你把门开着。5.用于某些固定结构。如make it;get it;see t it that;put it。Hw shall I put it?我该怎么说呢?
考点三 替代词it,ne,nes,the ne,the nes,that,thse1.it特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰。ne泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于“a/an+单数名词”;nes泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词;the ne特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);the nes特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用thse代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+可数名词单数/不可数名词”;that 的复数形式为thse,替代可数名词复数,既可指人也可指物。
Yesterday I lst my pen and I culdn’t find it.S I had t buy ne.(it指代my pen;ne替代a pen)The bks n the desk are better than thse/the nes under the desk.(thse/the nes替代the bks)N pleasure can equal that f a cl drink n a ht day.(that替代pleasure)
2.that和ne的主要区别that既可替代可数名词单数,也可替代不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为thse;ne只能替代可数名词单数,复数形式为nes。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用ne,不用that。当f短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时,用that,不用ne。The quality f educatin in this small schl is better than that in sme larger schls.(that替代the quality f educatin)If yu’re buying tday’s paper frm the stand,culd yu get ne fr me?(ne替代a paper 一份报纸)
考点四 指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,有this,that,these,thse。this,that是单数,these,thse是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。I want this bk,nt that bk.I like these and he like thse.The weather in Shanghai is nt s cld as that in Beijing.
考点五 all,bth,either,neither,each和nne1.bth(两者都),either(两者中的任何一个),neither(两者都不)。以上这些词的使用范围为两者。Jhn and Mary have bth wn the prizes.The research grup prduced tw reprts based n the survey,but neither cntained any useful suggestins.I’ve lived in New Yrk and Chicag,but dn’t like either f them very 与复数名词连用,either与单数名词连用。There are flwers n bth sides f the street.There are flwers n either side f the street.
3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),nne(都不)。以上词的使用范围均为三者或三者以上。All the students in my class like ur teachers.Althugh Rsemary had suffered frm a serius illness fr years,she lst nne f her enthusiasm fr 可指两者,也可指两者以上。They each have a car.
考点六 n,nne,nbdy和nthing1.n不能单独使用,相当于nt a或nt any,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。He has n wrry abut 既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词f连用,用于回答hw many/much引导的疑问句。—Hw many peple are there in the rm?—Nne.
3.nbdy指人,用于回答wh引导的疑问句;nthing指物,用于回答what引导的疑问句。The meeting will be held in September,but nbdy knws the date fr sure.—What are yu ding?—Nthing.
考点七 anther,ther,the ther和thers1.anther既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。还可以用于“anther+数词+复数名词”中,表示“再,又”。Recycling is ne way t prtect the envirnment;reusing is anther.Yu have t wait fr anther three 可用作形容词,意思为“别的,其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。Yu can ask ther peple t help ther指两个人或物中的“另一个”,不能用anther,此时ther为代词。The ld man has tw sns.One is a teacher;the ther is a dctr.
4.the ther 后可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数,不接不可数名词。此时ther为形容词。On the ther side f the street,there is a tall tree.He is taller than the ther students in his 是ther的复数形式,泛指“另外几个;其他的”。thers表示复数意义,相当于“ther+复数名词”,但不能做定语;the thers相当于“the ther+复数名词”,指剩下的全部。Tw students in ur class failed,but all the thers passed the exam.
考点八 复合不定代词everyne/everybdy意为“每个人”;smene/smebdy意为“某人,有人”,其特殊含义是“有价值的人或者重要的人”;anybdy意为“任何人,无论谁”;nbdy意为“没有人,无人,谁也不”,还可指“无名之辈”。everything意为“每件事,所有事物”;smething意为“某事/物”,其特殊含义是“大致……左右,有价值的或者重要的事物”;anything意为“任何事物”;nthing意为“没有;无关紧要的事物”。
Smebdy has parked his car right in frnt f mine.He was such a fast talker that nbdy culd understand him.—Have yu figured ut hw much the trip will cst?—$4,000,r smething like that.A smile csts nthing,but gives much.常见搭配:nthing but只不过anything but绝不;根本不smething f有点儿……;在某种程度上是nthing t d with和……没关系fr nthing免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地
考点九 部分否定与全部否定all,bth,everyne,everybdy,everything以及“every+名词”都表示全部肯定。nne,n ne,nbdy,nthing,neither,nt any以及“n+名词”均表示全部否定;但当nt 与表示全部肯定的不定代词连用时,不管nt的位置在其前还是其后,都表示部分否定。Nne f them smke.N wrds can express my anger.Such a persn can’t be fund everywhere.(部分否定)Nt all the students have read the bk.(部分否定)
Ⅰ.单句填空1.We can all help each ther and make urselves(we) and this wrld a better traffic n the main streets has a lnger green signal than that n the small asks Bill and Peter t g n a picnic with him,but neither f them wants t,because they have wrk t made it clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself. 5.In sme cuntries,peple eat with chpsticks,while in thers,knives and ’t d anything that shuld g against his will.
7.An average f just 18.75 cm f rain fell last year,making it the driest year since Califrnia became a state in 1850. 8.—When shall I call,in the mrning r afternn?—Either.I’ll be in all day.9.I’d appreciate it if yu culd let me knw in advance whether r nt yu will cme. 10.T her jy,Della earned first the trust f her students and then that f her ’s an either-r situatin—we can buy a new car this year r we can g n hliday but we can’t d ’d lived in Lndn and Manchester but she liked neither and mved t Cambridge.
13.At ur factry there are a few machines similar t thse described in this he tk his glves ff,I nticed that each ne had his name written inside.15.I prefer the large bx t the small ne.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.Of all the subjects I like English best.I had been learning them fr eleven years.them→it2.Jhn,my Spanish teacher,said,“Take easy;it is just a small quiz.”在easy前加it3.Sme f the huses have bathrms but much d nt.much→many4.It was the first time he felt he had achieved smething by him.him→himself5.Suzhu is nt far frm Shanghai,s yu can easily visit all in a day.all→bth
,wh is ur new teacher,is s cncerned abut us that we are all fnd f him.him→her7.It was such a small thing t have caused s many truble.many→much8.Frm there I saw the bull kicking my fd bag with their feet.their→its9.China is bigger than any thers cuntry in Asia.thers→ther
Ⅲ.语篇填空Emily sits by her desk.She studies fr an exam.Actually,she frces 1.herself t study fr that exam,since what she really wants t d is g utside and play sccer!Her friend Kelly is by her windw.She thrws a little stne at it and then calls,“Is there 2.anybdy/anyne hme?”“Yes,I am here!” Emily answers.“This is s unfair!I want t be utside with 3.yu and nt here with these bring bklets(小册子)!”“Whatever yu are ding with thse bring bklets,yu shuld cme ut and play with us!”Kelly calls back.
“I can’t d 4.that,” Emily says sadly.“This exam f 5.mine is tmrrw,s nw I need t study fr it.” She takes the stne that Kelly threw in,and sends it flying utside.Then she clses the windw.She knws that everybdy else has studied already,and nw 6.all f them are playing utside.“Well,” she thinks t herself,“it is my test,and I myself have t study fr it.I knw that Kelly wants t help me,but nt this time.We can help 7.each ther with ther things.”She takes anther lk at her tw bklets.She tries t read a page f the first bklet,and then a page f the are bring.“ 9.Neither f yu is interesting!” she tells them seriusly.“What can I d?” she thinks t herself.“I really have enugh!”
Suddenly,a great idea cmes t her mind.“I knw!” she thinks.“I’ll make a drawing f everything I read!I like t draw,and drawings will make it interesting!”She grabs her pencil and happily begins t draw.Mre and mre is drawn n her ntebk,and after tw hurs she finishes her bklets.She is tired but happy,and she can finally g ut t play.“Where is 10.everybdy/everyne?” she asks herself.Emily ntices it is dark already.“I guess they all went hme...”Suddenly her drbell rings.Kelly and the rest f her friends are there.They are all tired and they want t watch a mvie tgether.Emily is very happy.She can nw enjy a mvie with her friends!
Ⅳ.短文改错This mrning was very unusually fr me.My car was run int by the wman’s car.As a result,neither my car nr her car was drivable.Luckily,n ne hurt.Remembering all the stries f kindness and lve ur teacher nce tells us,I didn’t get angry with this pr wman whm was crying.Hwever,I invited her int my car t warm up since it was freezing utside.We chatted with while waiting fr the plice.She sn stpped cry and we ended up saying gdbye with smile.I’m glad t have kept kindness in my heart.Withut them,this mrning culd have gne very differently.
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