中考英语阅读D篇解题技巧讲解

中考英语阅读D篇解题技巧讲解

一、复习要点

◆D篇技巧

一）解题技巧：

1. 通读全文。通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。

2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。

3. 简练作答。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬.

4. 认真核查。逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误。

5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。

二）回答问题规范性：

1）   用How提问，回答要以by/through doing开头

1. How did the judge solve the student’s problem?
2. (The judge solved the problem) By making the restaurant owner hear the sound of the falling coins.

2)  用where/when提问， 要以介词in/ on/ at等开头

1. Where did the student live?
2. In a small room near a restaurant

A When did Eppie Lederer begin to write an advice column for the Chicago Sun Times?

B In 1955. (or: After she won a contest.)

3)      用how many提问，要注意数字前是否有限定词more than/ at least/about等。

A How many readers do the two columns have?

B Nearly 200 million readers (around the world).

4）   用why提问，要以because(of) 开头回答, 或者以To do开头回答。

A Why did the student feel afraid?

B Because the judge said he was wrong / he had only a few coins/ he had no money.

A． Why did Lederer ask her readers to write letters to The U.S. Congress?

 B.  To make them pass the law.

5）用whom提问，要以介词with/by等回答。

A．Whom did Sam live with in the Wild Catskill Mountains?

B．   He lived with himself.

6）How long提问时要注意区分在现在完成时态中要用for+一段时间（since+时间点）开头回答，其他则直接回答。

   A．How long have you stayed in Shanghai?           B. For 3 years.

   A.  How long did it take you to go to school by bus?    B. 3 hours.

7) 注意回答时态：

A． How was the food in the restaurant?

B． The food was delicious/good.

8）反义疑问句：

Example 1.   Both Eppie Lederer and Pauline Phillip love their jobs, don’t they?

步骤：A. 去掉反义部分（即don’t they）

      B. 把前半部分的陈述句改为疑问句，即

         Do both Eppei Lederer and Pauline Phillip love their jobs?

      C. 可以正常回答了。

Example 2   The student wasn’t happy living in the small room, was he?

步骤：A. 去掉反义部分（即was they）

      B. 把前半部分的否定句改为肯定句，即

         The student was happy living in the small room.

      C. 再把肯定句改为疑问句，即Was the student happy living in the small room

D. 可以正常回答了。

9）选择疑问句：

Based on her speaking, how do we stay young, to laugh or to cry?

回答时，不以yes/no开头，直接选择其中一项回答，即 We stay young to laugh.

10） 主观题：

    要以文章中心思想为基础，通常看文章最后一段的意思，再用自己话概述

A.   As a teenager, will you run away from home? Why?

B.   Because this was just the kind of forest he always dreamed about

二、专项练习

反意疑问句的回答

反意疑问句的回答其实很简单，只要找出事情是不是发生了就行了，发生了就是肯定的，用yes；没发生用no即可。不用考虑题干是肯定还是否定形式。

比如：1) He has been to Japan, hasn’t?

2) He hasn’t been to Japan, has he?

3) He has never been to Japan, has he?

如果“他去过日本”，则三道题目的答案都是:Yes, he has.

陈述句是否定句

We don’t know exactly when George Washington Carver was born, but it was probably sometime in the 1860s. His mother was a slave（奴隶） owned by a farmer in Missouri（密苏里州）named Moses Carver. Young George Carver was fascinated by plants and flowers. He tended（照料）his own little garden. People began to see what a gift （天赋）he had for growing things. They called him the “the plant doctor” and asked him to help them grow their gardens better.

       People don’t know the exact birthday of George Washington Carver, do they?

_______________,______________________________________________________________

陈述句是肯定句

Rule No. 1: Justice (正义) is most important.

No matter how smart he or she is, the most important quality for a detective is being good. In the movie, Lord Blackwood and Sherlock Holmes are both very intelligent. The difference is that Lord Blackwood is a bad man and he does bad things. Holmes can beat him on the side of justice.

Being intelligent is the most important quality for a detective, isn’t it?

    _______________, ___________________________________________________________

小结：无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，反义疑问句的回答一定要遵循事实来回答，

事实上是肯定的就回答Yes,事实上是否定的就回答No

Who提问的回答

who提问的句子难度不大，只要找到原文，直接回答主语即可，也可完整回答，需要注意的是组织语言时要保证语法正确。

Anna lived on the side of a valley (山谷). One winter, there was a very big flood, and a lot of houses down below Anna’s house were washed away. Anna’s house was high enough to escape the flood, so when the water had disappeared and the other houses were standing there with no roofs and walls and all covered with mud, her house was still quite all right. That year Anna’s was very lucky.

Her house was quite small and there were only two small bedrooms, her husband was dead when the children were very young, and she had four children, but Anna took in one of the families that had lost everything in the flood and she shared her home with them until it was possible for them to rebuild their house.

Anna’s friends were very puzzled (困惑) when they saw Anna do this. They could not understand why Anna wanted to give herself so much more work and trouble when she had already quite a lot of children to support. Life would be even harder when another family joined them.

“Well,” Anna explained to her friends, “at the end of the First World War, a woman in the town where I then lived in Germany found herself very poor, because her husband had been killed in the war and she had a lot of children, as I have now.”

“The day before Christmas, this woman said to her children, ‘We won’t have much for Christmas this year, so I am going to get only one gift for all of us and I am sure we will all be glad to have it. Now I’ll go and get it.’ She came back with a little girl who was even poorer than they, and who had no parents. ‘Here is our gift,’ she said to her children.”

“The children were very excited and happy to get such a gift. They welcomed the little girl, and she grew up as their sister, I was just that Christmas gift.”

104.Who was once given as a Christmas gift to a poor family?

答案：Anna.(或Anna was once given as a Christmas gift to a poor family)

When提问的回答

When提问的题目比较常见，但是要注意，一般不能照抄原文。看下面三种表达：

When did you come to Shanghai?

在2017年。           In 2017.

两年前。              Two years ago.

当我是小孩子的时候。  When I was a boy.

通过这几个句子，可知when提问有三种回答方法：介词+时间点；时间段+ago; when+句子。

注意：1、用时间状语从句回答时，when不能省略。

2、特别注意表示时间的词前面是否有约数词如about, around等。

My mother's dream of becoming a teacher was interrupted by an unexpected child: me. So she had to leave college to marry my father. Even though my mother left the field of education formally, she did not leave it entirely.

That first day of kindergarten, I opened my lunch box, inside which I found a note from my mother written on a napkin (一块小布), saying that she loved me, that she was proud of me and that I was the best kindergartner in the world! Because of that napkin note, I made it through my first day of kindergarten ... and many more school days to follow.

There have been many napkin notes since the first one. There were napkin notes in elementary school when I was struggling with Moths, telling me to "Hang in there. You can do it!" There were napkin notes in high school, when my basketball team was the first team in our school's history to play in a state championship, telling me, "There is no T in team. You have got this so far because you know how to share." And there were even napkin notes sent to me in college and graduate school, far away from my mother's physical touch. Despite the changes of college, majors, boyfriends, and the way I looked at the world, my mother's encouragement, support and teachings, repeated in years of love and napkin notes.

For Christmas this year, my 46-year-old mother was finally going back to school to earn her degree in teaching. I also gave her a Christmas gift for school: a lunch bag filled with her favorite foods. As she opened up her "You can do it!" napkin note to me, tears began running down her face. When her eyes met mine, I saw she passed my unspoken message: My mother is, and has always been, a teacher. 

97. When was the writer's mother going back to school to earn her degree in teaching?

   ____________________________________________________________________.

答案：When she was 46 years old (at the age of 46).

主观题的回答

可从文中找到答案提示

What do you think of when talking about India? The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵)? Song and dance? The list goes on and on.

India is an interesting and mysterious country with a long history. It is one of the four oldest civilizations (文明) in the world.

Home to more than 1.2 billion people, India is the country with the second largest population in the world. The country is also the birthplace of many famous people. Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) is a great poet. His poems use fresh and beautiful language to describe nature and his love for India. Many Chinese children learn his works at school.

Besides, fast economic development is making India a rising power. India is strong in the information technology (IT) industry. By the end of 2012, 2.5 million Indian people were working at its IT companies. One third of them worked in Bangalore. The city is called the Silicon Valley (硅谷) of India. It is the center of the IT industry in India. IT products from India are common in people's lives. If you buy a computer, some of the software may have been made in India.

Many young people love Bollywood films. Most of these films tell stories with a happy ending. They have exciting music and dance. Some of the best ones are Slumdog Millionaire and 3 Idiots . Yoga comes from ancient India. It helps people deal with their stress. It is said that curry was made in India more than 5,000.years ago. Traditional Indian curry is spicy. Indian people usually have curry with rice. Curry soup is also one of their favorites.

93. Would you like to visit India? Why or why not?

_________________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________.

答案：Yes, I’d like to…. (Any available answer is OK.)

【强化练习】

A

    From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch I packed, I included a note. Often written on a piece of small paper, it might be a thank-you for an unusual moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of encouragement for the coming test or sporting event.

 In early grade school they loved their notes. But as children grow older they become self-conscious（有自我意识的）, and by the time he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me he no longer enjoyed my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to read them but I still needed to write them, I continued until the day he graduated.

 Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move home for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduation from college, completing two internship（实习）in Washington, D.C., and finally, becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento. However, he had lived away from home except for short holiday visits. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was especially happy to have Marc back. Since I was still making lunch for his younger brother, I packed one of Marc, too. Imagine my surprise when I got a call from my 24-year-old son, asking about his lunch.

 “Did I do something wrong? Don’t you love me any longer, Mom?” he asked.

 “Of course I love you, dear!” I laughingly said. “What’s wrong?”

 “My note, Mom,” he answered. “Where’s my note?”

1.  The writer wrote the daily notes in her children’s exercise books, didn’t she?

2. What kind of note did the writer give her children before a test?

 She gave them a note __________________________________________.

3.  What did Marc suggest his mother do when he reached high school?

4.  When did Marc visit home during the six years after he left high school?

5.  Why did the writer feel especially happy to have Marc back?

6. How do you understand the underlined part “Don’t you love me any longer, Mom?” and why?

B

Almost every woman likes going shopping. Personally speaking, I enjoy shopping in the U.K., even if it's just window shopping. The sales service is the key reason why I like shopping in the U.K. much more than shopping in China. Every brand has its own official website where customers can see products and order directly online, so the products can be sent home directly. As for those who enjoy shopping in real stores, shopping experiences are rather free and open. Different from that in China, most stores do not provide personal shop assistants unless you ask one of the staff about a specific question. It is never necessary to tell them to leave you alone. I especially like this kind of free atmosphere in which I can walk slowly, pick whatever I want and decide which is to take without any personal suggestions from shop assistants. Although sometimes, store staff help customers to fetch shoes or clothes of a specific size or color, they never exaggerate (夸大）their opinions on it, as their task is to provide service but not to provide comments. Besides, each brand has a refund policy (退款政策).The policy may vary from one another, but a cooling-off period of 14 to 28 days is provided for customers to think twice about whether they really want the products they bought. Within the cooling-off period, customers can easily get full refund or exchange if they can provide a valid receipt (有效发票）and unused products with all the tags. It encourages customers to buy products more often and increases sales. As for customers, it is also good, for people can have a chance to get back their money which was spent on unwanted clothes.

The U.K. is a modern country with traditions. While it says yes to the fast pace of modern fashion industry, it also provides                       6                              for its tourists and customers. It fully deserves the title of “Shopping Paradise”.

1.  What is the most important reason why the writer likes shopping in the U.K.?

2.  In the writer's opinion, why are shopping experiences free and open in the U.K.?

3. What does the underlined word “them” refer to?

It refers to                                                        

4.  Do store staff usually help customers fetch things or give comments in the U.K.?

5.  How can customers get a full refund or exchange?

6. What can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph?

It also provides                                                     .

答案：

A：

1. No , she didn’t

2. She gave them a note of encouragement / to encourage them

3. He suggested she stop writing daily notes for him / Stop writing daily notes for him .

4. When he had holidays .

5. Because Marc’s younger sister was leaving home for college .

6. When Marc didn’t see his mother’s daily note in his lunch , he was upset and disappointed because he thought those notes stood for his mother’s love .

B:

1. Sales service.

2. Because most stores do not provide personal shopping assistants. / Because she can walk slowly,pick whatever she wants and decide which is to take without any personal suggestions from sales assistants.             

3. (It refers to) the shop assistants.

4. They usually help customers fetch things.

5. They can provide a valid receipt and unused products with all the tags. / By providing a valid receipt and unused products with all the tags.

6. (It also provides) high-standard sales service and free shopping experience its tourists and customers.(Any reasonable answer is acceptable.)