2023唐山高一上学期期末英语试题（含听力）含解析

唐山市2022~2023学年度高一年级第一学期学业水平调研考试

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a pet shop. B. In a hotel. C. In a garden.

2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What is the man eating now?

A. Bread. B. Cakes. C. Biscuits.

3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What will the man do?

A. See a doctor. B. Visit a patient. C. Save Uncle Peter.

4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

How does the man feel now?

A. Confused. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.

5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Why does the woman have to wait?

A. It is the rush hour. B. The weather is bad. C. An accident has happened.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)

请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What does the man think of the house?

A. Expensive. B. Convenient. C. Comfortable.

7. How much will the man pay for the rent each month?

A. $720. B. $790. C. $800.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Schoolmates. B. Teammates. C. Workmates.

9. What does the woman do?

A. She is a translator. B. She is a college student. C. She is a business woman.

10. What does the man want the woman to do?

A. Learn French. B. Find new interest. C. Treat her headache.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. What kind of flight will the man take?

A. A morning flight. B. An afternoon flight. C. An evening flight.

12. What flight class does the man choose?

A. First class. B. Business class. C. Economy class.

13. How does the man pay for the ticket?

A. In cash. B. By card. C. With a mobile wallet.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. Where will the woman spend this Christmas?

A. In Hawaii. B. In London. C. In Los Angeles.

15. What does the woman advise the man to do at Christmas?

A. Share his interests.

B. Get together with his friends.

C. Travel abroad with his parents.

16. What will Grace get this year?

A. Building blocks. B. A Barbie doll. C. A teddy bear.

17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. Holiday plans. B. Gift exchanges. C. Family relationships.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. What is the speaker doing?

A. Organizing a rescue. B. Reporting a disaster. C. Conducting an interview.

19. Why is the rescue work rather difficult?

A. No volunteers come to help.

B. The roads are badly damaged.

C. There are not enough aid workers.

20. What has Pakistan received from the UN?

A. Funds. B. Shelters. C. Food supplies.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共10小题;每小题2. 5分，满分25分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

I ran after the train, shouting, but it was hopeless, as the train would never slow down for a 60-year-old man who got to the station minutes late. I was on my way to an interview for what could have been the opportunity of a lifetime. I threw my art case down in frustration (沮丧).

I sat down on the bench, breathing heavily. It was the first time in 40 years that anyone had shown such an interest in my art. Pierre Gianni was the owner of the most famous gallery (画廊) in New York City. Why would he want to give a second chance to an elderly nobody? Maybe if the gallery owner had seen my painting, he would have changed his mind about offering me space on his walls. Come to think of it, perhaps these feelings could explain why I had never been offered a show before.

The interview was the chance result of my granddaughter mentioning my art to the gallery owner. She had none of my uncertainties and fear, and she talked proudly about my paintings so much that curiosity had gotten him to come to me. He saw a photo she had taken on her cell phone. It was one of my earlier pieces, most of which were given as gifts to family members on various gatherings. It was all I thought my paintings were worthy of.

What if I never got another chance to show what I could do? Full of frustration, I picked up my art case and began to walk home.

When I arrived at my house, I saw a Benz in my driveway. To my surprise, a man got out of it and walked in my direction, holding out his hand for an introductory shake. “Peter Woods?” I nodded, still confused. “When you didn’t show up for our interview today, I was concerned for your health and decided to come to see you instead. It would be a pity to miss out on the next Picasso, wouldn’t it?”

Six months later, the chance took me to my own show, which attracted many excited visitors.

21. What kind of person was the author?

A. Self-doubtful. B. Narrow-minded.

C. Confident. D. Proud.

22. What did the author always do on various gatherings?

A He talked about his curiosity.

B. He took photos with his family.

C. He bought gifts for his granddaughter.

D. He gave away his paintings to his family.

23. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. A Wonderful Show B. An Exciting Interview

C. A Special Chance D. An Effortless Success

B

For more than 100 million years sea turtles (海龟) have covered huge distances across the world’s oceans, making them among the oldest creatures on the planet. However, they are on the list of endangered species.

Different from some animals like snakes, the sex of the baby sea turtles, called hatchlings, is determined by the environment after fertilization (受精). The temperature of the eggs during a certain period of development is the deciding factor in determining sex, and small changes in temperature can cause very big changes in the sex ratio (比例). Often, eggs at low temperatures (22—27℃) produce males, while eggs at higher temperatures (30℃ and above) produce females. At temperatures in between, both sexes will be produced. If temperature reaches 36℃, no hatchlings will be produced.

Climate change has a powerful effect on turtle nesting (筑巢) sites. It changes sand temperatures, which then affects the sex of the hatchlings. Scientists have found that unusually warm temperatures caused by climate change are upsetting the normal ratios, resulting in fewer male hatchlings. The past four hottest summers in Florida have seen only female sea turtles. And an Australian study has shown a similar effect in which 99% of the hatchlings are female.

In addition to rising temperatures, turtles are also facing the threat of too much plastic in the oceans, along with a number of other threats. “Plastic pollution is a problem for turtles as they can mistake plastics for food easily. Even a single piece of plastic can kill a turtle,” Dr Couper, working at the Queensland Museum, said. “We have collected some plastics taken from turtles’ stomachs to show people what kinds of things are showing up on beaches. I want it to be an eye opener.”

24. Which temperature is good for a balanced sex ratio of turtle hatchlings?

A. 26℃. B. 29℃. C. 31℃. D. 36℃.

25. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?

A. Sea turtles will build their nesting sites elsewhere.

B. Global warming is an extreme threat to sea turtles.

C. Climate change is much more obvious in Australia.

D. Over 90% of the turtle hatchlings are female globally.

26. What does Dr. Couper intend to say?

A. Turtles do not have enough food sources.

B. Turtles do not have a good sense of smell.

C. People should clean up beaches more often.

D. People should raise environmental awareness.

C

Most of us have told a lie at one time or another. Some lies are harmful. Others are mostly harmless. Still other lies may even be created with the best of intentions. But no matter what kind of lie you tell, it takes a great deal of brainpower to keep your lie covered.

People lie for different reasons. Sometimes they do it to make themselves look better. Sometimes they lie to get out of trouble. Some lies are well-intended, which scientists call “prosocial lies”. Maybe you tell your parents that you loved the sweater they gave you for your birthday (even though you were really hoping for a new cell phone). That’s a prosocial lie.

When you tell the truth, your brain doesn’t have to do anything unusual. Lying takes much more work. For example, when you are late for class, you tell a lie that you have to stop by the library and pick up a book. Your teacher may ask to see the book or even ask you to read it. This may result in a series (系列) of lies, causing a lot of brain work done in the prefrontal cortex (前额皮层). It’s the part in charge of working memory. Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while. When you use self-control to keep from telling the truth, this part comes into play.

Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means prefrontal cortex has a harder time doing other tasks that require planning, self-control or working memory, such as planning a study schedule. Kid’s prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25. So they have fewer resources (资源) there to begin with. That is why researchers feel it’s important that kid students find dependable people to whom they can safely tell even painful truths about themselves.

“Nearly all cultures value honesty,” Talwar says. And, she adds, “There are things people can do to help create a culture that strengthens the value of honesty. Rather than punishing people for lying, it is more important to praise them for telling the truth.”

27. What does the first paragraph intend to tell us?

A. Lying steals brainpower.

B. Harmless lies are welcome.

C. Trust is nowhere to be seen.

D. Many lies are well intended.

28. What do we learn about prosocial lies?

A. They bring tellers a lot of fun.

B. They get tellers out of trouble.

C. They make receivers feel good.

D. They lead receivers to a deep thinking.

29. Why should kids tell truths to dependable people according to researchers?

A. To make them feel safe.

B. To improve their control.

C. To guide their study schedule.

D To free up their working memory.

30. What does Talwar suggest to strengthen the value of honesty?

A. Making people suffer from telling lies.

B. Giving people praise for being honest.

C. Helping people to lead a creative life.

D. Asking people to learn different cultures.

第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Math attitude affects math achievement, a new study finds. It suggests that developing a positive, can-do attitude about math can help students master the subject.

The researchers surveyed the students on math and then compared their reported feelings about math to their grades. ____31____ How kids feel about the subject in one year is related to their math grades the next. Those who have gotten poor grades feel badly about math. And those who have dark emotions do poorly.

____32____ But the cycle doesn’t have to be negative (消极). While dark feelings, such as fear and anger, may be related to poor grades, that relation between feelings and grades works the other way, too. Good feelings about math — taking pride in math achievement and enjoying math class — also contribute to better grades.

It’s an excellent study for teaching and learning. Teaching math isn’t just about numbers and mathematical rules. ____33____ Do they take steps to them with curiosity or fear? Teachers can help by teaching mathematical rules clearly, of course. But they also can help by grading students based on how much they improve over time, which gives students a sense of achievement.

____34____ This means more than just doing their homework. Instead of imagining that upsetting result will continue, students can look at why they aren’t succeeding. Maybe they didn’t study enough. Maybe they need a new study strategy. ____35____

A. Students need to do their part, too.

B. They drop math as soon as they can.

C. How students feel about them is also very important.

D. So poor math grades result in bad feelings about math.

E. Emotions have a real influence on students’ grades over time.

F. The survey shows those feelings are connected with their math grades.

G. Whatever the cause, they can take some steps to control how they learn math.

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Whenever I arrive home late from work, my dog Poppins saves her dinner. She always waits for me ____36____ I sit down for mine.

For someone who recovered from a(n) ____37____ disorder (紊乱), the importance of my caring dog’s ____38____ surprised me. In the years of treatment, my family and friends were very ____39____, but nothing quite touched me like the ____40____ of my dog.

My eating disorder started when I was in university. Then I was an early bird, sporty and ____41____ to outdoors. But a few comments about weight proved (证明是) enough for me to begin ____42____ my looks. I stopped eating enough. I forced myself to exercise and lost sight of why I loved to move. All that ____43____ was that I ticked (勾) off the boxes in the checklist.

When Poppins came to live with me, my life took a turn. I’d ____44____ wake early. But on the road I had sped through, we walked slowly in ____45____. We enjoyed streetcars, Don Valley, Humber River and many animals.

I ____46____ for many years working out how to live an active life. Poppins feels like the missing ____47____. This sweet dog has ____48____ me to the life I’ve dreamed about — one still filled with exploration and ____49____ but not driven by force to move. I know that the life I used to only ____50____ has come now. I feel content and able to contribute to society in a meaningful way.

36. A. if B. until C. although D. because

37. A. breathing B. nervous C. eating D. emotional

38. A. diet B. look C. revival D. habit

39. A. supportive B. wealthy C. graceful D. honest

40 A. image B. survival C. company D. growth

41. A. forced B. attracted C. limited D. shown

42. A. questioning B. describing C. forgetting D. appreciating

43. A. returned B. failed C. fitted D. mattered

44. A. ever B. still C. never D. even

45. A. fear B. shame C. excitement D. surprise

46. A. struggled B. waited C. traveled D. trained

47. A. dog B. love C. key D. wealth

48. A. led B. followed C. cheated D. hurried

49. A. threat B. failure C. glory D. adventure

50. A. adapt to B. dream about C. show off D. go through

第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Chinese writing system is one of the main reasons why Chinese civilization has survived into modern times.

At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It ____51____ (date) back to several thousand years ago when symbols were carved on animal bones and ____52____ (shell) by ancient Chinese people. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Later, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time ____53____ people were divided geographically, leading ____54____ many varieties of dialects and characters. ____55____, this changed under Emperor Qinshihuang. During the Qin Dynasty, the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction, and it was extremely important in ____56____ (unite) the Chinese people and culture. Even today, wherever Chinese people live or whatever dialects they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.

Written Chinese has also become a ____57____ (particular) important means by which China’s present is connected with its past, making it possible for people in modern times ____58____ (read) the ancient Chinese classic works. Chinese calligraphy, ____59____ art form of Chinese characters, has become an important part of Chinese culture. In recent years, more and more ancient Chinese classic works ____60____ (translate) into different foreign languages and an increasing number of international students are getting interested in Chinese culture and history now.

第四部分语言知识(共两节，满分20分)

第一节(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子。

61. I am confident enough in my abilities to take on ________.

62. They put out the fire and ________ the dog inside the house.

63. The ________ artist is always coming up with ideas for new paintings.

64. It’s safest to keep a good ________ from the car in front because it may suddenly stop.

65. It’s one thing to have a goal; it’s another to ________ act on it.

66. The road was too ________ for cars to pass, so we got out and walked.

67. Einstein is one of those who ________ science at its deepest level.

68. Lily is in London for only half a year, but she can speak ________ English.

69. As is shown in the report the air ________ in the city has improved over the past two months.

70. When I was a boy, a milkman used to ________ milk to our door step.

第二节(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

根据汉语补全句子，每空一词

71. 我佩服她在压力下能保持冷静。

I admire her coolness ________ pressure.

72. 除了她之外，没有人知道真相。

The truth was known to no one other ________ her.

73. 在某些地方，湍急的水流会毫无预兆地把游泳者冲走。

In some places, wild water can sweep swimmers ________ without warning.

74. 外面噪音太大，我无法专心工作。

I can’t concentrate ________ my work with so much noise outside.

75. 我能听到声音，但听不清他们在说什么。

I could hear voices, but I couldn’t make ________ what they were saying.

76. 在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。

You must keep these points ________ mind while setting your goals.

77. 她的父母建议她报名参加计算机课程。

Her parents recommended her to sign ________ for a computer course.

78. 第一次开车时，我没有感到兴奋而是感到恐惧。

My excitement gave way ________ fear when I drove for the first time.

79. 在东京奥运会上，苏炳添成为第一位参加男子100米决赛的中国选手。

Su Bingtian became the first Chinese player ________ competed in the Men’s 100m final at the Tokyo Olympics.

80. 我们可以把孩子们放到某种环境中，这样他们可以从不同的视角来审视自己。

We can put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.

第五部分书写(5分)

请按照书写格式和要求抄写以下内容。

Life is full of choices; some you will be happy with, others you may regret. As you get older, you probably wish that you could go back in time to correct some of your mistakes. You might wish to do things differently if given a chance.

第六部分写作(满分25分)

81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was the last practice before the big gymnastics competition in Burlingville. The gymnastics team of Springtown High School had been training every day in the school vacation. They tried harder and wanted to do better. They had competed with the team from Maidstone High School several times. The competitions allowed the two teams to admire each other for their excellent performance and players’ qualities. They respected the game; they respected each other’s team more.

Today, the players of Springtown went home earlier. They would pack some food and water to have along the way to Burlingville. Before they went home, they went to their teacher to see their new uniform. Springton High School was in the countryside. The team made cookies and sold them at the market to get money to buy the uniform. They loved it very much, even though they were impressed with the uniforms of the team from Maidstone. Maidstone High School was a rich private school. It usually prepared two sets of uniforms for the competition — one for the morning and the other for the afternoon.

Early the next morning, the team of Springtown High School and their teacher got on a minibus to start their long trip. They would reach the railway station in Travers at about two o’clock and then take a train to Burlingville. They must be there by six o’clock and register for the competition.

The bus driver drove the bus through the country roads. Then suddenly, he parked the bus at the side of the road. There was something wrong with the engine. Unluckily, the driver couldn’t fix it in a short time. He called the company and asked them to send another bus for the gymnastics team. It was 90 minutes before another minibus came. Everyone jumped onto the bus. “Please hurry,” said the teacher.

When they finally arrived at Travers railway station, the bus driver helped the team carry the bags into the station. As soon as they got on the train, it started to move. Looking out of the window, the teacher saw the bus driver running towards the train door.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.开头已给出。

“Oh, no!” the teacher shouted. “The driver has our uniform bag!”

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Caught in complete hopelessness, the team from Springtown saw the players of Maidstone walking towards them.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________