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外研版高中英语必修第三册 期中测试卷1（含答案）
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册本册综合精品课后复习题，共15页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一下期中测试卷（一）
（时间：100分钟 满分：120分）
第一部分 阅读
［共两节，满分50分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything and some could end up saving your life.
Skin Vision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app，either on an ad hoc（随时）or a subscription basis（方式），but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed during lockdown， it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own，but arguably it’s a necessity on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies，including choking， allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don’t have to have an Internet connection in order to use it.
What 3 Words
This free download is one of a growing number of smartphone apps that could mean the difference between life and death. What 3 Words divides the world into 3×3 metre squares，giving each one a unique combination of three words. This allows emergency services—or anyone else you give the location to—to reach you. Used by the vast majority of emergency services in the UK，not to mention other control centres around the world， it has been credited with saving thousands of lives.
WhatsApp
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling，but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you’re in danger? You simply press the “+” key in a chat，select“Location”， and then press“Share Live Location”，which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
1. How can Skin Vision help?
A. It offers medical check. B. It prevents skin cancer.
C. It gives cures for skin diseases. D. It examines the skin automatically.
2. Which app can benefit others more than yourself?
A. Skin Vision. B. St John Ambulance First Aid.
C. What 3 Words. D. WhatsApp.
3. What do What 3 Words and WhatsApp have in common?
A. They are operated the same way. B. They can tell others where you are.
C. They belong to communication apps. D. They are used by most emergency services.
B
We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need，but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways， so would you add your parents as“friends”and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends?
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap，where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind，content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy. However，more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites.
These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them；there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a“friend”request from a parent or family member.
It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to“reject”their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand if you do accept，then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before.
A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request：“When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request，it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something，but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.”
Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list.
4. Why do many parents teach themselves social networks?
A. They are not content with their daily lives.
B. They regard social networks important.
C. They are curious to explore new technologies.
D. They want to view their children’s online activities.
5. What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ request?
A. They can’t choose friends around them. B. They have nothing to hide.
C. They don’t want to teach their parents. D. Their privacy can not be guaranteed if so.
6. What can we learn from the recent survey?
A. Teens value their privacy and independence.
B. A teen’s rejection means they have something to hide.
C. A teen’s rejection means nothing special.
D. Independence is everything teens desire.
7. What is most likely to be talked about next?
A. How to bridge the generation gap. B. How to make friends on social networks.
C. How to explain to parents about the rejection. D. How to use the social networking sites.
C
The moment the ground stops shaking after an earthquake，some people may wonder whether their pets—or wild animals for that matter—knew the disaster was coming. In other words，can animals predict earthquakes?
According to a new analysis of several other published studies，it’s hard to say. That’s because scientific evidence is lacking. Since there’s no evidence yet showing that animals can predict quakes，people should be skeptical（怀疑的）about these claims.
Very likely，not every abnormal animal behavior is related to an upcoming earthquake. Instead，it’s likely that these animals are responding to foreshocks，that is，mild quakes before violent shaking，rather than predicting the earthquake itself.
But why are there so many reports on the Internet that an animal could do it. To get to the bottom of this question，scientists evaluated more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species，including insects，birds，fish and mammals from 160 earthquakes. The records included all kinds of behaviors，including a tiger that reportedly got depressed before an earthquake.
Despite the vast number of so-called incidences， the large majority of the published claims were built on poor observational data（meaning most people did not properly observe the animals before，during and after the earthquake），which did not stand as scientific proof.
Meanwhile，humans are working on technologies that can detect earthquakes seconds before they hit. For instance，a smartphone application called Quake Alert helped alert people in Los Angeles that an earthquake was coming about half a minute before it struck on April 5，2018. The app works by relying on a network of seismic （地震的）sensors that detect P-waves—the first energy waves from an earthquake—and then informing people before the more powerful S-waves arrive.
8. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Evidence is found to prove animals can predict earthquakes.
B. No scientific proofs prove animals can predict earthquakes.
C. Quake Alert helped people to predict upcoming earthquakes.
D. Reports claimed animals behave abnormally before earthquakes.
9. Why do animals behave abnormally before the earthquake?
A. They can predict the upcoming earthquake.
B. They have the ability to sense the S-waves.
C. They are easily alerted by Quake Alert.
D. They’re likely to sense something different.
10. Why did the scientists deny the published reports as scientific proof?
A. They were not built on field survey. B. They were just imagined by people.
C. The data came from poor observation. D. The data was collected in a right way.
11. What can we infer about P-waves?
A. They travels faster than S-waves. B. They can still exist after the quake.
C. They can be only sensed by animals. D. They causes more damage than S-waves.
D
Beijing roast duck is Beijing’s best and most famous dish. Beijing roast duck is so famous，especially in Beijing，that it is called“the first dish to taste in China”. During the 1970s，roast duck actually became a national symbol for the country. Roast duck is highly praised by heads of state，government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.
The experts suggest eating roasted duck in winter，spring and autumn seasons. Because the quality of duck meat is better in winter and spring and the cool weather in autumn provides a good condition for cooking this dish.
The technique of cutting the skin and meat has a great influence on the taste of the duck. The cook always cuts the duck in front of customers. Usually，the cook cuts the skin first then the meat，ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces.
Because the flesh of the duck is naturally rich in fat，it is not generally eaten directly. To avoid an oily taste，vegetables dishes are offered，carrot and cucumber sticks usually. There are three traditional sauces for this dish. The widely accepted one is the sweet bean sauce；second is the mashed（捣碎的）garlic with soy（酱油）；the third is not really a sauce，but white sugar，a taste style favored by women and children. Besides the sauce，there is another important ingredient when eating the duck，a flour pancake. There are two kinds of pancakes；one is the steamed pancake， and the other one is the baked sesame（芝麻）cake.
12. Why did roast duck become the symbol of China in the 1970s?
A. It won high praise at home and abroad. B. It was the most famous snack in Beijing.
C. It stands for the best Chinese diet culture. D. It was once eaten by the leaders of the world.
13. If you want to taste Beijing roast duck，which month is the best choice?
A. June. B. July. C. August. D. October.
14. How is Beijing roast duck cut?
A. It was cut at the presence of customers. B. The skin was separated from the meat.
C. The skin was cut down and thrown away. D. It was cut by the most experienced cook.
15. Which could be the taste of sauces for Beijing roast duck?
A. Sweet and sour. B. Bitter and hot. C. Salty and sour. D. Hot and salty.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No matter how motivated you are to eat well， you might find yourself seeking comfort from food. 16 ，contributing to unhealthy weight gain and a greater risk for heart disease and other diet-related conditions. Here are three tips to help you handle stress eating.
Forget what you’ve been told. Carbohydrate-rich（富含碳水化合物的）foods are not the enemy. In fact，they provide energy for your brain and muscles. They also help your body create mood-boosting serotonin（血清素）. 17 . Too few in your diet can cause your body to break down the protein in foods and in your muscles to provide energy. This can make you easier to be tired，angry and stressful. It’s ideal to get about half of your daily calories from carbohydrate-rich foods such as whole grains and fruits.
18 . Shopping for nutrient-rich options while avoiding foods you tend to overeat can set you up for success at home and at work. When buying fruits and vegetables，choose mostly fresh options. If you can’t buy only fresh options，look for canned，dried or frozen produce made with little or no added sugar or fat. When buying grains，choose mostly whole grains，such as whole-wheat bread，instead of white bread.
Forget the food. 19 ，create a list of specific non-food ways to ease stress. You can include a short walk or bike ride，jumping rope，doing push-ups and sit-ups，walking up and down hallways or stairs， taking some deep breaths. Do them outdoors for a boost of vitamin D. Add a short nap（小睡）to your list，especially if you lack sleep. 20 .
A. Forget the stress
B. Select what you eat
C. Instead of seeking comfort in food
D. But stress is now a part of our everyday lives
E. Having some toys on-hand to play with can also help
F. Stress eating can potentially worsen your negative mood
G. But so many people cut down or cut out on carbohydrates
第二部分 语言运用
［共两节，满分30分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chicago winters are famous for their bitter cold. It is a 21 time to earn a living for the city’s street vendors（商贩）. They have been hit hard by the pandemic（疫情）as the population of street shoppers has 22 by as much as half in the city. One Chicago based restaurant owner，Robert Magret，came up with a brilliant and quite 23 idea to help these vendors. He purchases their entire day’s food 24 as a clever way to get them out of the 25 . Robert then distributes the food to the 26 for free，turning one good deed into a chain of 27 .
Robert has been purchasing truckloads of 28 from Chicago vendors for weeks as the temperature began to fall into the single digits. After he 29 the vendors from the cold weather， he then 30 the delicious bread to the homeless. Robert also uses his purchases to 31
Love Fridges，which are fridges around his city where people can either donate or 32 fresh vegetables and cooked meals.
Robert’s creative idea won great 33 on social media and he immediately began receiving donations from the community. Robert plans to 34 buying out street vendors all winter with the help of donations from kind 35 who have joined him on his merciful mission.
21. A. specific B. high C. good D. difficult
22. A. decreased B. risen C. grown D. expanded
23. A. unique B. generous C. common D. general
24. A. supply B. chain C. cycle D. support
25. A. way B. control C. question D. cold
26. A. surrounding B. homeless C. remote D. neighboring
27. A. stores B. reaction C. kindness D. safety
28. A. sand B. water C. bread D. medicine
29. A. defends B. prevents C. forbids D. rescues
30. A. conveys B. donates C. offers D. sells
31. A. fill up B. buy out C. live in D. set down
32. A. cook B. order C. bring D. grab
33. A. reputation B. attention C. honor D. applause
34. A. cancel B. avoid C. start D. continue
35. A. friends B. workmates C. strangers D. neighbors
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as WWF，short for the World Wildlife Fund. For nearly 60 years，we 36. （make）it our duty to find solutions that save the 37. （variety）of life living on our planet by 38. （apply）the best science available and working 39. （close）with local communities. 40. our work is far from done. Humans are behind the current rate of species extinction，41. _______is at least 100—1，000 times 42. （high）than nature intended. We’ve seen a shocking 60 percent drop in the size of populations of mammals，birds，fish，reptiles，and amphibians（两栖动物）within just over 40 years. And the effects 43. （reach）far beyond the possible cultural loss of significant species like tigers，rhinos and whales in the future.
The good news is that some achievements have been witnessed so far. WWF has been part of 44. _________ （success）wildlife recovery stories ranging from southern Africa’s black rhinos to black bucks in the Himalayas. And this， in turn，is helping to protect rich and varied ecosystems while ensuring people continue to benefit from nature.
It is clear：we cannot afford to fail 45. our task to save a living planet.
第三部分 写作
［共两节，满分40分］
第一节（满分15分）
上周日你校举办了以“强身健体，助力冬奥”为主题的青少年滑冰比赛活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员（滑冰爱好者）；
2. 活动亮点（参与度高，精彩纷呈）；
3. 活动意义。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
A Skating Race
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Winter break was approaching，and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately，Scott’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise（热带船游）. Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic，but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them，and it was tradition that they spend winter break together.
The week of the cruise arrived，and Scott continued to mumble（咕哝）his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn’t stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship，Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochure but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all，it involved riding a board.
Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents，and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall；the game room had all of his favorite games；the ship’s deck（甲板）had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool，but it had big waves，and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing.
Gradually，Scott began to love the cruise.
高一下期中测试卷（一）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款能挽救你性命的应用程序。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.”可知，你只需用手机拍下任何可疑点的照片，你就会在30秒内收到Skin Vision的风险提示。所以，Skin Vision应用程序可以自动检查皮肤。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own，but arguably it’s a necessity on your smartphone.”可知，像这样的应用程序在拯救别人的生命时比拯救你自己的更有用，但可以说它是你智能手机上的必需品。所以，St John Ambulance First Aid这款应用程序给别人带来的好处远超给自己带来的好处。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This allows emergency services—or anyone else you give the location to—to reach you.”和最后一段中的“You simply press the‘+’key in a chat， select‘Location’，and then press‘Share Live Location’，which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.”可知，What 3 Words 和WhatsApp这两款应用程序的共同之处在于它们可以将你的位置告诉别人。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。现在很多父母进入社交网站，希望加孩子为好友，针对这一要求作者讲述了一些观点。孩子往往拒绝这一要求，因为他们不想自己的一举一动被父母注视，他们想独立。同时作者也嘱咐孩子如果拒绝加父母为好友，要和父母沟通解释。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，许多家长自学社交网络，因为他们认为社交网络很重要，故选B。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，青少年拒绝父母请求的原因是如果接受，他们的隐私就不能得到保障，故选D。
6. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，最近的一项调查表明，青少年重视他们的隐私和独立，故选A。
7. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，接下来最有可能讨论的话题是如何向父母解释他们被拒绝的原因，故选C。
【高级词汇】in need需要 leave behind留下，把……抛在后面 be attracted to...被吸引到…… a certain amount of一定量的 on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
【长难句分析】
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy.
句意：过去，代沟包括技术差距，即孩子们掌握最新的技术，而父母则被抛在了后面，他们满足于像往常一样继续他们的日常生活，因为他们不需要精通技术。
句法分析：本句是主从复合句，where children were up to date with the latest technology...是非限制性定语从句，修饰限制先行词a technology gap，该定语从句是and连接的并列句，第二个分句也是复合句，because they had no need to be tech-savvy是原因状语从句，该分句的主句也是复合句，其中的as they always had是定语从句，as意为“正如，就像”。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。很多人认为动物能够预测地震，其实不然。动物地震前的异常行为只不过是因为它们感知到了地震的前奏而已。
8. B 主旨大意题。本文第一段尾句“In other words，can animals predict earthquakes?”提出了本文的主要议题。下文所有内容都是围绕这个议题展开论述，最终给出了否定的回答，故答案是B。
9. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“...it’s likely that these animals are responding to foreshocks，that is，mild quakes before violent shaking...”可知，动物行为异常可能是它们对地震前奏的反应，即剧烈地震前的微震。也就是说动物可能感知到了不同。
10. C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的the large majority of the published claims were built on poor observational data... which did not stand as scientific proof可知，报道中的数据均来自贫乏的观测，这不能算作是科学证据。
11. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The app...sensors... detect P-waves—the first energy waves from an earthquake...”可知，地震预警app首先检测到的是P波，然后才是S波，据此可以判断P波的传播速度更快。
【高级词汇】analysis n. 分析 abnormal n. 不正常的 upcoming adj. 即将到来的 mammal n. 哺乳动物 observational adj. 观测的
【长难句分析】
To get to the bottom of this question，scientists evaluated more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species，including insects，birds，fish and mammals from 160 earthquakes.
句意：为了弄清问题的真相，科学家们从160次地震中评估了700多例见报的动物异常行为，涉及130个物种，包括昆虫、鸟类、鱼和哺乳动物。
句法分析：To get to the bottom of this question是目的状语；get to the bottom of 意为“弄清实情；找到起因”。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。北京烤鸭在二十世纪七十年代成为国家的象征，享誉国内外。吃烤鸭的最佳季节是春季、秋季和冬季。本文还介绍了烤鸭的切法、酱料和配用面饼。
12. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“During the 1970s，roast duck actually became a national symbol for the country...is highly praised by heads of state，government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.”可知，在二十世纪七十年代，烤鸭享誉国内外，从而成为国家的象征。
13. D 推理判断题。根据第二段首句“The experts suggest eating roasted duck in winter，spring and autumn seasons.” 可知，吃烤鸭的最佳季节是春季、秋季和冬季。前三个选项都属于夏天。而D选项是秋天。
14. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The cook always cuts the duck in front of customers.”可知，厨师总是在顾客面前切烤鸭。
15. D 推理判断题。根据第四段第四句“...the sweet bean sauce；...the mashed garlic with soy；...but white sugar...”可 知，配烤鸭的三种酱料里有甜味、咸味和辣味，没有酸味和苦味。
【高级词汇】a national symbol 国家象征 be highly praised 被高度评价
the head of state 国家元首 break into pieces 成为碎片
be rich in 富含……
【长难句分析】
Usually，the cook cuts the skin first then the meat，ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces.
句意：通常厨师先切皮然后是肉，确保皮和一层肉一起切下来以避免成为碎片。
句法分析：本句是一个主从复合句。ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中含有宾语从句the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces； 而宾语从句中的to avoid it breaking into pieces是目的状语。
第二节
【语篇解读】人们在压力中会不自觉地选择多吃，以在食物中寻找慰藉，从而造成肥胖、心脏病和其他与饮食相关的疾病。本文介绍了三个方法来减少因压力而过度饮食。
16. F 利用文章结构解题。本文的结构是“总分”型，第一段是“总”，主要任务是提出问题——压力性进食（stress eating）。
17. G 利用因果关系解题。下文Too few in your diet是由G选项中的cut down or cut out on carbohydrates造成的。
18. B 利用段落主要内容解题。根据下文choose mostly fresh options...choose mostly whole grains可知，本段主要叙述的是食物的选择。
19. C 利用同义转述解题。本段主题句“Forget the food.”与C选项构成同义转述。
20. E 利用目的与方法的关联性解题。本段主题句“Forget the food.”是目的，而E选项是实现这一目的的方法。
【高级词汇】risk n. 风险 provide v. 提供 calorie n. 卡路里 push-up n. 俯卧撑 sit-up n. 仰卧起坐 especially adv. 尤其
【长难句分析】
When buying grains，choose mostly whole grains，such as whole-wheat bread，instead of white bread.
句意：在购买谷物的时候，主要选择全麦的，比如说全麦面包而不是白面面包。
句法分析：When buying grains是省略句式，其完整结构为When you are buying grains。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。芝加哥的冬天极其寒冷，街道上的商贩非常艰苦。为了帮助这些商贩不受严寒之苦，Robert把商贩一天的食物供应全部买下，并捐赠给无家可归的贫民。
21. D 根据首句“Chicago winters are famous for their bitter cold.”可知，芝加哥的冬天非常寒冷，据此可以推断街道上商贩们谋生非常艰难（difficult）。
22. A 根据上文the pandemic可以推断，受疫情影响，街道上的购物者的数量急剧减少（decreased）。
23. B 根据下文“He purchases their entire day’s food...”以及“Robert then distributes the food to the...for free...”可知，Robert买下街道商贩们全天的食物，并免费发放。据此可知，他的主意非常慷慨大方（generous）。
24. A 句意：他买下他们一整天的食物供应（supply），作为让他们摆脱严寒的聪明的办法。
25. D 根据第二段第二句“...the vendors from the cold weather...” 并利用关键词复现法可知，Robert买光他们的食物供应是让他们回家，免受严寒（cold）之苦。
26. B 根据第二段第二句中的the delicious bread to the homeless可知，Robert把购买来的食物送给了无家可归的人（homeless）。
27. C 句意：Robert然后把食物免费分发给无家可归的人，把一件好事变为一系列的善举（kindness）。
28. C 根据下文the delicious bread to the homeless并利用关键词复现法可知，Robert购买的是商贩的面包（bread）。
29. D 根据上文Robert的行为可知，Robert把这些商贩从严寒的天气中解救（rescues）出来。
30. B 根据第一段尾句中Robert then distributes the food to the homeless for free可知，Robert是免费送食物给无家可归的人的。利用同义转述法可知，他把食物捐赠（donates）出去。
31. A 句意：Robert也把购买来的食物填满（fill up）“爱心冰箱”，“爱心冰箱”是存在于他城市四处的冰箱，人们可以捐赠新鲜蔬菜和烹饪好的食物到里面，也可以从中拿走（grab）充饥。
32. D 参考上一题解析。
33. B 根据下文he immediately began receiving donations from the community可知，Robert立即收到了社会上的捐赠。据此可以推断，他的很有创意的想法在社交媒体上赢得极大的关注（attention）。
34. D 根据下文buying out street vendors all winter with the help of donations可知，Robert在社会捐赠的帮助下，整个冬天将继续（continue）买光街头商贩的食物。
35. C 根据上文he immediately began receiving donations from the community可知，Robert收到的捐赠来自社会， 据此可以推知，这些都是陌生人。本题易误选neighbors， 误认为the community是Robert居住的社区。
【高级词汇】population n. 人口 brilliant adj. 聪颖的 distribute v. 分发 temperature n. 温度 single digits 个位数 donation n. 捐赠
【长难句分析】
Robert then distributes the food to the homeless for free，turning one good deed into a chain of kindness.
句意：罗伯特然后把食物免费分发给无家可归的人，把一件好事变为一系列的善举。
句法分析：turning one good deed into a chain of kindness是现在分词短语作结果状语。
第二节
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界自然基金会的核心工作——拯救自然。
36. have made 考查动词时态。所填词作谓语，由时间状语for nearly 60 years可知，用现在完成时。
37. varieties 考查名词复数。varieties of各种各样的，为固定短语。
38. applying 考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的介词by可知，用applying。
39. closely 考查副词。所填词作状语，表示“密切地”，用副词closely。
40. But 考查连词。前后句子之间是转折关系，用连词but。
41. which 考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the current rate of species extinction，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
42. higher 考查形容词的比较级。由than判断，应用比较级。
43. are reaching/will reach 考查动词时态。所填词作谓语，根据时间状语in the future可知，谓语应用一般将来时；reach可以用现在进行时表示将来，因主语the effects为名词复数，故填are reaching或will reach。
44. successful 考查形容词。所填词作定语，修饰名词stories，应用形容词successful。
45. in 考查介词。fail in sth.在某事上失败。
【高级词汇】far from 远非 in the future 将来 so far 迄今为止 range from...to...从……变化到……
in turn反过来；转而
第三部分 写作
第一节
［思路点拨］
本文是一篇新闻报道，内容是对学校青少年滑冰比赛活动进行报道，并说明活动的意义。写作时注意以下几点：（1）范文要涵盖所有内容要点；（2）要根据表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态，就本文而言应该用一般过去时，以第三人称为主；（3）范文正文可分为三段，文章开头说明该活动的背景；第二段介绍滑冰爱好者的赛场表现，重点描写他们的滑冰技巧和拼搏精神以及观众与运动员的互动；最后总结滑冰比赛活动的意义；（4）在写作过程中，注意关联词和过渡句的使用，并有意识地使用高级词汇和复杂句式，以提高得分档次。
One possible version：
A Skating Race
With the Winter Olympics drawing near，our school held a skating race with the theme of“Build up your body for the Winter Olympics”last Sunday.
A large number of students interested in skating took an active part in it. All the athletes spared no efforts to finish the race. Their movements were skillful and graceful，which impressed us deeply. The audience present cheered them on warmly.
The race is of great benefit to students，physically and mentally. Not only does it improve our health，but it also helps us build a positive attitude to life.
［亮点点评］该范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。范文主要用第三人称，根据需要穿插其他人称。运用了较多的高级词汇和短语，同时较好地运用了一些句式。比如，开头用with复合结构表示校青少年滑冰比赛活动的背景；第二段的倒数第二句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。文章最后not only引导的倒装句是较为复杂的句式，不仅升华了报道的主题，还提高了得分档次。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者斯科特和父母像往常一样在寒假出去度假。他想要滑雪，但父母却预订了为期一周的热带船游。斯科特无奈妥协。
［思路点拨］
1. 段落续写：
（1）由续写第一段首句内容“斯科特问他的父母他是否可以尝试冲浪”可知，第一段描述斯科特和父母一起尝试冲浪的体验过程。
（2）由续写第二段首句内容“渐渐地，斯科特开始喜欢上了这次航行”可知，第二段可描写斯科特改变了自己的态度，从冲浪中获得了快乐且有了很多收获。
2. 续写线索：询问是否可以尝试——穿上装备做好准备——父母和斯科特的第一次体验——逐渐体验到快乐——慢慢爱上冲浪，并收获颇多——跟父母道歉并承认是最开心的一次旅行。
One possible version：
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said，“Of course.”And much to Scott’s surprise，they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on，Scott’s dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out. Then it was his mom’s turn. She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott’s turn，he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride，Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out. He was crazy about it though.
Gradually，Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the week-long cruise was over，Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch with. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby，and great memories，he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever.
高一下期中测试卷（一）
（时间：100分钟 满分：120分）
第一部分 阅读
［共两节，满分50分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything and some could end up saving your life.
Skin Vision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app，either on an ad hoc（随时）or a subscription basis（方式），but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed during lockdown， it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own，but arguably it’s a necessity on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies，including choking， allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don’t have to have an Internet connection in order to use it.
What 3 Words
This free download is one of a growing number of smartphone apps that could mean the difference between life and death. What 3 Words divides the world into 3×3 metre squares，giving each one a unique combination of three words. This allows emergency services—or anyone else you give the location to—to reach you. Used by the vast majority of emergency services in the UK，not to mention other control centres around the world， it has been credited with saving thousands of lives.
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling，but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you’re in danger? You simply press the “+” key in a chat，select“Location”， and then press“Share Live Location”，which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
1. How can Skin Vision help?
A. It offers medical check. B. It prevents skin cancer.
C. It gives cures for skin diseases. D. It examines the skin automatically.
2. Which app can benefit others more than yourself?
A. Skin Vision. B. St John Ambulance First Aid.
C. What 3 Words. D. WhatsApp.
3. What do What 3 Words and WhatsApp have in common?
A. They are operated the same way. B. They can tell others where you are.
C. They belong to communication apps. D. They are used by most emergency services.
B
We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need，but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways， so would you add your parents as“friends”and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends?
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap，where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind，content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy. However，more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites.
These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them；there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a“friend”request from a parent or family member.
It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to“reject”their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand if you do accept，then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before.
A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request：“When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request，it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something，but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.”
Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list.
4. Why do many parents teach themselves social networks?
A. They are not content with their daily lives.
B. They regard social networks important.
C. They are curious to explore new technologies.
D. They want to view their children’s online activities.
5. What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ request?
A. They can’t choose friends around them. B. They have nothing to hide.
C. They don’t want to teach their parents. D. Their privacy can not be guaranteed if so.
6. What can we learn from the recent survey?
A. Teens value their privacy and independence.
B. A teen’s rejection means they have something to hide.
C. A teen’s rejection means nothing special.
D. Independence is everything teens desire.
7. What is most likely to be talked about next?
A. How to bridge the generation gap. B. How to make friends on social networks.
C. How to explain to parents about the rejection. D. How to use the social networking sites.
C
The moment the ground stops shaking after an earthquake，some people may wonder whether their pets—or wild animals for that matter—knew the disaster was coming. In other words，can animals predict earthquakes?
According to a new analysis of several other published studies，it’s hard to say. That’s because scientific evidence is lacking. Since there’s no evidence yet showing that animals can predict quakes，people should be skeptical（怀疑的）about these claims.
Very likely，not every abnormal animal behavior is related to an upcoming earthquake. Instead，it’s likely that these animals are responding to foreshocks，that is，mild quakes before violent shaking，rather than predicting the earthquake itself.
But why are there so many reports on the Internet that an animal could do it. To get to the bottom of this question，scientists evaluated more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species，including insects，birds，fish and mammals from 160 earthquakes. The records included all kinds of behaviors，including a tiger that reportedly got depressed before an earthquake.
Despite the vast number of so-called incidences， the large majority of the published claims were built on poor observational data（meaning most people did not properly observe the animals before，during and after the earthquake），which did not stand as scientific proof.
Meanwhile，humans are working on technologies that can detect earthquakes seconds before they hit. For instance，a smartphone application called Quake Alert helped alert people in Los Angeles that an earthquake was coming about half a minute before it struck on April 5，2018. The app works by relying on a network of seismic （地震的）sensors that detect P-waves—the first energy waves from an earthquake—and then informing people before the more powerful S-waves arrive.
8. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Evidence is found to prove animals can predict earthquakes.
B. No scientific proofs prove animals can predict earthquakes.
C. Quake Alert helped people to predict upcoming earthquakes.
D. Reports claimed animals behave abnormally before earthquakes.
9. Why do animals behave abnormally before the earthquake?
A. They can predict the upcoming earthquake.
B. They have the ability to sense the S-waves.
C. They are easily alerted by Quake Alert.
D. They’re likely to sense something different.
10. Why did the scientists deny the published reports as scientific proof?
A. They were not built on field survey. B. They were just imagined by people.
C. The data came from poor observation. D. The data was collected in a right way.
11. What can we infer about P-waves?
A. They travels faster than S-waves. B. They can still exist after the quake.
C. They can be only sensed by animals. D. They causes more damage than S-waves.
D
Beijing roast duck is Beijing’s best and most famous dish. Beijing roast duck is so famous，especially in Beijing，that it is called“the first dish to taste in China”. During the 1970s，roast duck actually became a national symbol for the country. Roast duck is highly praised by heads of state，government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.
The experts suggest eating roasted duck in winter，spring and autumn seasons. Because the quality of duck meat is better in winter and spring and the cool weather in autumn provides a good condition for cooking this dish.
The technique of cutting the skin and meat has a great influence on the taste of the duck. The cook always cuts the duck in front of customers. Usually，the cook cuts the skin first then the meat，ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces.
Because the flesh of the duck is naturally rich in fat，it is not generally eaten directly. To avoid an oily taste，vegetables dishes are offered，carrot and cucumber sticks usually. There are three traditional sauces for this dish. The widely accepted one is the sweet bean sauce；second is the mashed（捣碎的）garlic with soy（酱油）；the third is not really a sauce，but white sugar，a taste style favored by women and children. Besides the sauce，there is another important ingredient when eating the duck，a flour pancake. There are two kinds of pancakes；one is the steamed pancake， and the other one is the baked sesame（芝麻）cake.
12. Why did roast duck become the symbol of China in the 1970s?
A. It won high praise at home and abroad. B. It was the most famous snack in Beijing.
C. It stands for the best Chinese diet culture. D. It was once eaten by the leaders of the world.
13. If you want to taste Beijing roast duck，which month is the best choice?
A. June. B. July. C. August. D. October.
14. How is Beijing roast duck cut?
A. It was cut at the presence of customers. B. The skin was separated from the meat.
C. The skin was cut down and thrown away. D. It was cut by the most experienced cook.
15. Which could be the taste of sauces for Beijing roast duck?
A. Sweet and sour. B. Bitter and hot. C. Salty and sour. D. Hot and salty.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No matter how motivated you are to eat well， you might find yourself seeking comfort from food. 16 ，contributing to unhealthy weight gain and a greater risk for heart disease and other diet-related conditions. Here are three tips to help you handle stress eating.
Forget what you’ve been told. Carbohydrate-rich（富含碳水化合物的）foods are not the enemy. In fact，they provide energy for your brain and muscles. They also help your body create mood-boosting serotonin（血清素）. 17 . Too few in your diet can cause your body to break down the protein in foods and in your muscles to provide energy. This can make you easier to be tired，angry and stressful. It’s ideal to get about half of your daily calories from carbohydrate-rich foods such as whole grains and fruits.
18 . Shopping for nutrient-rich options while avoiding foods you tend to overeat can set you up for success at home and at work. When buying fruits and vegetables，choose mostly fresh options. If you can’t buy only fresh options，look for canned，dried or frozen produce made with little or no added sugar or fat. When buying grains，choose mostly whole grains，such as whole-wheat bread，instead of white bread.
Forget the food. 19 ，create a list of specific non-food ways to ease stress. You can include a short walk or bike ride，jumping rope，doing push-ups and sit-ups，walking up and down hallways or stairs， taking some deep breaths. Do them outdoors for a boost of vitamin D. Add a short nap（小睡）to your list，especially if you lack sleep. 20 .
A. Forget the stress
B. Select what you eat
C. Instead of seeking comfort in food
D. But stress is now a part of our everyday lives
E. Having some toys on-hand to play with can also help
F. Stress eating can potentially worsen your negative mood
G. But so many people cut down or cut out on carbohydrates
第二部分 语言运用
［共两节，满分30分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chicago winters are famous for their bitter cold. It is a 21 time to earn a living for the city’s street vendors（商贩）. They have been hit hard by the pandemic（疫情）as the population of street shoppers has 22 by as much as half in the city. One Chicago based restaurant owner，Robert Magret，came up with a brilliant and quite 23 idea to help these vendors. He purchases their entire day’s food 24 as a clever way to get them out of the 25 . Robert then distributes the food to the 26 for free，turning one good deed into a chain of 27 .
Robert has been purchasing truckloads of 28 from Chicago vendors for weeks as the temperature began to fall into the single digits. After he 29 the vendors from the cold weather， he then 30 the delicious bread to the homeless. Robert also uses his purchases to 31
Love Fridges，which are fridges around his city where people can either donate or 32 fresh vegetables and cooked meals.
Robert’s creative idea won great 33 on social media and he immediately began receiving donations from the community. Robert plans to 34 buying out street vendors all winter with the help of donations from kind 35 who have joined him on his merciful mission.
21. A. specific B. high C. good D. difficult
22. A. decreased B. risen C. grown D. expanded
23. A. unique B. generous C. common D. general
24. A. supply B. chain C. cycle D. support
25. A. way B. control C. question D. cold
26. A. surrounding B. homeless C. remote D. neighboring
27. A. stores B. reaction C. kindness D. safety
28. A. sand B. water C. bread D. medicine
29. A. defends B. prevents C. forbids D. rescues
30. A. conveys B. donates C. offers D. sells
31. A. fill up B. buy out C. live in D. set down
32. A. cook B. order C. bring D. grab
33. A. reputation B. attention C. honor D. applause
34. A. cancel B. avoid C. start D. continue
35. A. friends B. workmates C. strangers D. neighbors
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as WWF，short for the World Wildlife Fund. For nearly 60 years，we 36. （make）it our duty to find solutions that save the 37. （variety）of life living on our planet by 38. （apply）the best science available and working 39. （close）with local communities. 40. our work is far from done. Humans are behind the current rate of species extinction，41. _______is at least 100—1，000 times 42. （high）than nature intended. We’ve seen a shocking 60 percent drop in the size of populations of mammals，birds，fish，reptiles，and amphibians（两栖动物）within just over 40 years. And the effects 43. （reach）far beyond the possible cultural loss of significant species like tigers，rhinos and whales in the future.
The good news is that some achievements have been witnessed so far. WWF has been part of 44. _________ （success）wildlife recovery stories ranging from southern Africa’s black rhinos to black bucks in the Himalayas. And this， in turn，is helping to protect rich and varied ecosystems while ensuring people continue to benefit from nature.
It is clear：we cannot afford to fail 45. our task to save a living planet.
第三部分 写作
［共两节，满分40分］
第一节（满分15分）
上周日你校举办了以“强身健体，助力冬奥”为主题的青少年滑冰比赛活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员（滑冰爱好者）；
2. 活动亮点（参与度高，精彩纷呈）；
3. 活动意义。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
A Skating Race
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Winter break was approaching，and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately，Scott’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise（热带船游）. Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic，but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them，and it was tradition that they spend winter break together.
The week of the cruise arrived，and Scott continued to mumble（咕哝）his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn’t stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship，Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochure but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all，it involved riding a board.
Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents，and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall；the game room had all of his favorite games；the ship’s deck（甲板）had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool，but it had big waves，and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing.
Gradually，Scott began to love the cruise.
高一下期中测试卷（一）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款能挽救你性命的应用程序。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.”可知，你只需用手机拍下任何可疑点的照片，你就会在30秒内收到Skin Vision的风险提示。所以，Skin Vision应用程序可以自动检查皮肤。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own，but arguably it’s a necessity on your smartphone.”可知，像这样的应用程序在拯救别人的生命时比拯救你自己的更有用，但可以说它是你智能手机上的必需品。所以，St John Ambulance First Aid这款应用程序给别人带来的好处远超给自己带来的好处。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This allows emergency services—or anyone else you give the location to—to reach you.”和最后一段中的“You simply press the‘+’key in a chat， select‘Location’，and then press‘Share Live Location’，which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.”可知，What 3 Words 和WhatsApp这两款应用程序的共同之处在于它们可以将你的位置告诉别人。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。现在很多父母进入社交网站，希望加孩子为好友，针对这一要求作者讲述了一些观点。孩子往往拒绝这一要求，因为他们不想自己的一举一动被父母注视，他们想独立。同时作者也嘱咐孩子如果拒绝加父母为好友，要和父母沟通解释。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，许多家长自学社交网络，因为他们认为社交网络很重要，故选B。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，青少年拒绝父母请求的原因是如果接受，他们的隐私就不能得到保障，故选D。
6. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，最近的一项调查表明，青少年重视他们的隐私和独立，故选A。
7. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，接下来最有可能讨论的话题是如何向父母解释他们被拒绝的原因，故选C。
【高级词汇】in need需要 leave behind留下，把……抛在后面 be attracted to...被吸引到…… a certain amount of一定量的 on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
【长难句分析】
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy.
句意：过去，代沟包括技术差距，即孩子们掌握最新的技术，而父母则被抛在了后面，他们满足于像往常一样继续他们的日常生活，因为他们不需要精通技术。
句法分析：本句是主从复合句，where children were up to date with the latest technology...是非限制性定语从句，修饰限制先行词a technology gap，该定语从句是and连接的并列句，第二个分句也是复合句，because they had no need to be tech-savvy是原因状语从句，该分句的主句也是复合句，其中的as they always had是定语从句，as意为“正如，就像”。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。很多人认为动物能够预测地震，其实不然。动物地震前的异常行为只不过是因为它们感知到了地震的前奏而已。
8. B 主旨大意题。本文第一段尾句“In other words，can animals predict earthquakes?”提出了本文的主要议题。下文所有内容都是围绕这个议题展开论述，最终给出了否定的回答，故答案是B。
9. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“...it’s likely that these animals are responding to foreshocks，that is，mild quakes before violent shaking...”可知，动物行为异常可能是它们对地震前奏的反应，即剧烈地震前的微震。也就是说动物可能感知到了不同。
10. C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的the large majority of the published claims were built on poor observational data... which did not stand as scientific proof可知，报道中的数据均来自贫乏的观测，这不能算作是科学证据。
11. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The app...sensors... detect P-waves—the first energy waves from an earthquake...”可知，地震预警app首先检测到的是P波，然后才是S波，据此可以判断P波的传播速度更快。
【高级词汇】analysis n. 分析 abnormal n. 不正常的 upcoming adj. 即将到来的 mammal n. 哺乳动物 observational adj. 观测的
【长难句分析】
To get to the bottom of this question，scientists evaluated more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species，including insects，birds，fish and mammals from 160 earthquakes.
句意：为了弄清问题的真相，科学家们从160次地震中评估了700多例见报的动物异常行为，涉及130个物种，包括昆虫、鸟类、鱼和哺乳动物。
句法分析：To get to the bottom of this question是目的状语；get to the bottom of 意为“弄清实情；找到起因”。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。北京烤鸭在二十世纪七十年代成为国家的象征，享誉国内外。吃烤鸭的最佳季节是春季、秋季和冬季。本文还介绍了烤鸭的切法、酱料和配用面饼。
12. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“During the 1970s，roast duck actually became a national symbol for the country...is highly praised by heads of state，government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.”可知，在二十世纪七十年代，烤鸭享誉国内外，从而成为国家的象征。
13. D 推理判断题。根据第二段首句“The experts suggest eating roasted duck in winter，spring and autumn seasons.” 可知，吃烤鸭的最佳季节是春季、秋季和冬季。前三个选项都属于夏天。而D选项是秋天。
14. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The cook always cuts the duck in front of customers.”可知，厨师总是在顾客面前切烤鸭。
15. D 推理判断题。根据第四段第四句“...the sweet bean sauce；...the mashed garlic with soy；...but white sugar...”可 知，配烤鸭的三种酱料里有甜味、咸味和辣味，没有酸味和苦味。
【高级词汇】a national symbol 国家象征 be highly praised 被高度评价
the head of state 国家元首 break into pieces 成为碎片
be rich in 富含……
【长难句分析】
Usually，the cook cuts the skin first then the meat，ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces.
句意：通常厨师先切皮然后是肉，确保皮和一层肉一起切下来以避免成为碎片。
句法分析：本句是一个主从复合句。ensuring the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中含有宾语从句the skin is cut down with a thin layer of meat to avoid it breaking into pieces； 而宾语从句中的to avoid it breaking into pieces是目的状语。
第二节
【语篇解读】人们在压力中会不自觉地选择多吃，以在食物中寻找慰藉，从而造成肥胖、心脏病和其他与饮食相关的疾病。本文介绍了三个方法来减少因压力而过度饮食。
16. F 利用文章结构解题。本文的结构是“总分”型，第一段是“总”，主要任务是提出问题——压力性进食（stress eating）。
17. G 利用因果关系解题。下文Too few in your diet是由G选项中的cut down or cut out on carbohydrates造成的。
18. B 利用段落主要内容解题。根据下文choose mostly fresh options...choose mostly whole grains可知，本段主要叙述的是食物的选择。
19. C 利用同义转述解题。本段主题句“Forget the food.”与C选项构成同义转述。
20. E 利用目的与方法的关联性解题。本段主题句“Forget the food.”是目的，而E选项是实现这一目的的方法。
【高级词汇】risk n. 风险 provide v. 提供 calorie n. 卡路里 push-up n. 俯卧撑 sit-up n. 仰卧起坐 especially adv. 尤其
【长难句分析】
When buying grains，choose mostly whole grains，such as whole-wheat bread，instead of white bread.
句意：在购买谷物的时候，主要选择全麦的，比如说全麦面包而不是白面面包。
句法分析：When buying grains是省略句式，其完整结构为When you are buying grains。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。芝加哥的冬天极其寒冷，街道上的商贩非常艰苦。为了帮助这些商贩不受严寒之苦，Robert把商贩一天的食物供应全部买下，并捐赠给无家可归的贫民。
21. D 根据首句“Chicago winters are famous for their bitter cold.”可知，芝加哥的冬天非常寒冷，据此可以推断街道上商贩们谋生非常艰难（difficult）。
22. A 根据上文the pandemic可以推断，受疫情影响，街道上的购物者的数量急剧减少（decreased）。
23. B 根据下文“He purchases their entire day’s food...”以及“Robert then distributes the food to the...for free...”可知，Robert买下街道商贩们全天的食物，并免费发放。据此可知，他的主意非常慷慨大方（generous）。
24. A 句意：他买下他们一整天的食物供应（supply），作为让他们摆脱严寒的聪明的办法。
25. D 根据第二段第二句“...the vendors from the cold weather...” 并利用关键词复现法可知，Robert买光他们的食物供应是让他们回家，免受严寒（cold）之苦。
26. B 根据第二段第二句中的the delicious bread to the homeless可知，Robert把购买来的食物送给了无家可归的人（homeless）。
27. C 句意：Robert然后把食物免费分发给无家可归的人，把一件好事变为一系列的善举（kindness）。
28. C 根据下文the delicious bread to the homeless并利用关键词复现法可知，Robert购买的是商贩的面包（bread）。
29. D 根据上文Robert的行为可知，Robert把这些商贩从严寒的天气中解救（rescues）出来。
30. B 根据第一段尾句中Robert then distributes the food to the homeless for free可知，Robert是免费送食物给无家可归的人的。利用同义转述法可知，他把食物捐赠（donates）出去。
31. A 句意：Robert也把购买来的食物填满（fill up）“爱心冰箱”，“爱心冰箱”是存在于他城市四处的冰箱，人们可以捐赠新鲜蔬菜和烹饪好的食物到里面，也可以从中拿走（grab）充饥。
32. D 参考上一题解析。
33. B 根据下文he immediately began receiving donations from the community可知，Robert立即收到了社会上的捐赠。据此可以推断，他的很有创意的想法在社交媒体上赢得极大的关注（attention）。
34. D 根据下文buying out street vendors all winter with the help of donations可知，Robert在社会捐赠的帮助下，整个冬天将继续（continue）买光街头商贩的食物。
35. C 根据上文he immediately began receiving donations from the community可知，Robert收到的捐赠来自社会， 据此可以推知，这些都是陌生人。本题易误选neighbors， 误认为the community是Robert居住的社区。
【高级词汇】population n. 人口 brilliant adj. 聪颖的 distribute v. 分发 temperature n. 温度 single digits 个位数 donation n. 捐赠
【长难句分析】
Robert then distributes the food to the homeless for free，turning one good deed into a chain of kindness.
句意：罗伯特然后把食物免费分发给无家可归的人，把一件好事变为一系列的善举。
句法分析：turning one good deed into a chain of kindness是现在分词短语作结果状语。
第二节
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界自然基金会的核心工作——拯救自然。
36. have made 考查动词时态。所填词作谓语，由时间状语for nearly 60 years可知，用现在完成时。
37. varieties 考查名词复数。varieties of各种各样的，为固定短语。
38. applying 考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的介词by可知，用applying。
39. closely 考查副词。所填词作状语，表示“密切地”，用副词closely。
40. But 考查连词。前后句子之间是转折关系，用连词but。
41. which 考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the current rate of species extinction，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
42. higher 考查形容词的比较级。由than判断，应用比较级。
43. are reaching/will reach 考查动词时态。所填词作谓语，根据时间状语in the future可知，谓语应用一般将来时；reach可以用现在进行时表示将来，因主语the effects为名词复数，故填are reaching或will reach。
44. successful 考查形容词。所填词作定语，修饰名词stories，应用形容词successful。
45. in 考查介词。fail in sth.在某事上失败。
【高级词汇】far from 远非 in the future 将来 so far 迄今为止 range from...to...从……变化到……
in turn反过来；转而
第三部分 写作
第一节
［思路点拨］
本文是一篇新闻报道，内容是对学校青少年滑冰比赛活动进行报道，并说明活动的意义。写作时注意以下几点：（1）范文要涵盖所有内容要点；（2）要根据表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态，就本文而言应该用一般过去时，以第三人称为主；（3）范文正文可分为三段，文章开头说明该活动的背景；第二段介绍滑冰爱好者的赛场表现，重点描写他们的滑冰技巧和拼搏精神以及观众与运动员的互动；最后总结滑冰比赛活动的意义；（4）在写作过程中，注意关联词和过渡句的使用，并有意识地使用高级词汇和复杂句式，以提高得分档次。
One possible version：
A Skating Race
With the Winter Olympics drawing near，our school held a skating race with the theme of“Build up your body for the Winter Olympics”last Sunday.
A large number of students interested in skating took an active part in it. All the athletes spared no efforts to finish the race. Their movements were skillful and graceful，which impressed us deeply. The audience present cheered them on warmly.
The race is of great benefit to students，physically and mentally. Not only does it improve our health，but it also helps us build a positive attitude to life.
［亮点点评］该范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。范文主要用第三人称，根据需要穿插其他人称。运用了较多的高级词汇和短语，同时较好地运用了一些句式。比如，开头用with复合结构表示校青少年滑冰比赛活动的背景；第二段的倒数第二句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。文章最后not only引导的倒装句是较为复杂的句式，不仅升华了报道的主题，还提高了得分档次。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者斯科特和父母像往常一样在寒假出去度假。他想要滑雪，但父母却预订了为期一周的热带船游。斯科特无奈妥协。
［思路点拨］
1. 段落续写：
（1）由续写第一段首句内容“斯科特问他的父母他是否可以尝试冲浪”可知，第一段描述斯科特和父母一起尝试冲浪的体验过程。
（2）由续写第二段首句内容“渐渐地，斯科特开始喜欢上了这次航行”可知，第二段可描写斯科特改变了自己的态度，从冲浪中获得了快乐且有了很多收获。
2. 续写线索：询问是否可以尝试——穿上装备做好准备——父母和斯科特的第一次体验——逐渐体验到快乐——慢慢爱上冲浪，并收获颇多——跟父母道歉并承认是最开心的一次旅行。
One possible version：
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said，“Of course.”And much to Scott’s surprise，they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on，Scott’s dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out. Then it was his mom’s turn. She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott’s turn，he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride，Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out. He was crazy about it though.
Gradually，Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the week-long cruise was over，Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch with. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby，and great memories，he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever.
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