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高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点6--主旨要义之文章标题（技巧梳理）
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这是一份高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点6--主旨要义之文章标题（技巧梳理），文件包含考点6--主旨要义之文章标题技巧梳理教师版docx、考点6--主旨要义之文章标题技巧梳理学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
要想熟悉高考的思路，最重要的一环就是做题。近五年的高考试题，特别是有些地区新课标执行起来题型发生了变化，就更需要我们适应它。在做高考题的时候，应该注意以下几个方面：
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
考点6--主旨要义之文章标题--讲考点--胸有成竹
【2022年文章标题考点归纳】
【2023年高考命题预测】
文章标题考点是高考中的必考点。标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它是段落中心思想最精练的表达形式。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。预测在2023高考中，文章标题题会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【主旨大意之段落大意考点指南】
选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。
首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②考点
题型
文章标题
阅读理解
2022
试卷类型
设问
考点
2022年全国甲卷
阅读C27. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2022年全国乙卷
阅读C31. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2021
2021年新高考I卷
C篇31. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年全国甲卷
D篇15. What is the best title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年全国乙卷
C篇31. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年新高考II卷
C篇11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020
2020年全国II卷
D篇35. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020年新课标Ⅰ卷
D篇35. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020年新课标ⅠII卷
D篇35. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。
其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心就不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；精确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。
再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。
段落大意题常考问题：
Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
The best title fr the passage wuld be …
考例分析：
1.C【2021·全国新高考II卷】
A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin (变革). “We are ging t make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt - whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star - int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. “I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. “It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness,that has been ur strength fr centuries."
8．What will Zafiraku d with her prize mney?
A．Make a mvie.B．Build new schls.
C．Run a prject.D．Help lcal musicians.
9．What des Craig-Martin think f the teaching f the arts in UK schls?
A．It is particularly difficult.B．It increases artists' incme.
C．It pens children's mind.D．It deserves greater attentin.
10．What shuld be stressed in schl educatin accrding t Schama?
A．Mral principles.B．Interpersnal skills.
C．Creative abilities.D．Psitive wrldviews.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Bring Artists t SchlsB．When Histrians Meet Artists
C．Arts Educatin in BritainD．The Wrld's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】11．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
11．文章标题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. “We are ging t make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafiraku)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafiraku用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。
2.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they? In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Geniuses Think AlikeB．Genius Takes Many Frms
C．Genius and IntelligenceD．Genius and Luck
【答案】15．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
15．文章标题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Wh is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, wh are able t change the wrld.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
3.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
31．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp StryB．The Natinal Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits f Saving WaterfwlD．The Histry f Migratry Bird Hunting
【答案】31．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国鸭票的故事，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。
31．文章标题。根据全文可知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A。
4.C【2021·全国高考乙卷】
Yu’ve heard that plastic is plluting the ceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse,” a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash. Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce（来源）f plastic pllutin, but they’ve recently cme under fire because mst peple dn’t need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that’s part f Vn Wng’s artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad’s wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped（倾倒） frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
31．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Artists’ Opinins n Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Cntemprary Art
C．Respnsibility Demanded f Big Cmpanies
D．Ocean Plastics Transfrmed int Sculptures
【答案】31．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术家Benjamin Vn Wng用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕塑作品，让人们通过这个雕塑重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系。此外他在2018的一件作品“Trucklad f Plastic”说明了每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。Vn Wng通过用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。
31．标题判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin Vn Wng)想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”和倒数第二段“In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad’s wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped(倾倒) frm a truck all at nce.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(Vn Wng)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin Vn Wng)通过利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法来提示人们重新思考与一次性塑料的关系，唤醒和提高人们循环利用的意识，促进环保的发展。由此可知，D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。
规律方法 如何精确归纳标题？
1、利用主题段来概括标题
主题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题，知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语——文章的标题。
2、利用主题句来概括标题
解题的关键是要抓住每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主题句，并对主题句进行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。
做此类题时，要避免以下三种错误：
(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而缩小了范围)；
(2)过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；
(3)以事实、细节替代文章大意。
【试题精练】
1.D【2022届安徽省江南十校高三下学期3月一模联考】
Fd made frm atmspheric carbn culd feed the wrld while helping t fight climate change, accrding t Slar Fds, a Finnish cmpany funded in 2017.“We can cllect CO2 anywhere,” said its CEO Pasi Vainika, whse cmpany has develped a prtein pwder made using CO2. “That’s a strategic shift where raw materials are in the air. ” The prtein pwder, called Slein, can be turned int meat and dairy substitutes r added tfds and shakes.
Slar Fds uses special units t pull CO2 frm the atmsphere. T turn it int prtein,micrbes (微 物),similar t thse in the prductin f wine and ygurt, will be fed n it t grw and reprduce. During the prcess, water is split int hydrgen and xygen. Alng with a grwth medium cntaining necessary minerals, the three gases are pumped in t feed the micrbes. Harvested and dried, that remaining mixture becmes Slein—a yellw pwder made up f single-cell prtein, with a nutrient cmpsitin similar t wheat flur.
Slar Fds claims that Slein remves mst f the emissins assciated with mdern agriculture, which is respnsible fr almst ne-third f all greenhuse gas emissins. “One kilgram f Slein sends ut 0.2 kilgram f CO2e(二 氧化碳当量).In cmparisn.beef herds prduce arund 100 kilgrams and chicken 10 kilgrams,” said Vainikka. “ We can rermve the climate impact f mdem fd systems n the planet, which tday accunt fr abut 30 per cent f glbal greenhuse gas emissins.” He further stressed that while the cmpany’s factries als require sme land used fr industrial farming, nly abut ne-tenth f the land is needed cmpared t phtsynthesis (光合作用）. “We culd free up agricultural land t grw back frests,” he added, “and thse remve carbn permanently frm the atmsphere.”
Prbably ptimists are nw cntenting themselves with the pleasant scene f masses f trees absrbing CO2: n the planet. Hwever, while that may sund great, Vainikka put it right, “It can happen nly if we prduce enugh Slein frm CO, t replace meat and dairy at a large scale.”And that still remains a lng way t g.
35．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Air Prtein Prduced, CO, Reduced
B．Cllecting Air, Remving CO2
C．Climate Changing, Danger Cming
D．Prtect Earth, Save Ourselves
【答案】35．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了温室效应日趋严重，二氧化碳是主要成因之一。一家芬兰公司利用吸碳技术，将空气中的二氧化碳转化为可食用蛋白质，减少碳排放，并解放耕地，用于植树造林，缓解温室效应。
35．文章标题。第一段概括介绍 Slar Fds 公司利用空气中二氧化碳生产蛋白质 Slein 的基本信息——第二段介绍这一生产过程及所需物质——第三段阐述该技术的优势及长远意义——第四段主要介绍该技术的前景。综上，A选项概括了文章大意——从空气中获取二氧化碳生产蛋白质Slein，减少二氧化碳。故选A。
2.D【2022届广东省高三六校第四次联考】
Effrts t preserve the Amazn rain frest, which supprts immense bidiversity and lcks away tns f climate threatening carbn, are grwing mre urgent as the ecsystem’s destructin accelerates. Indigenus (当地的) peples have been trying t prtect the regin by patrlling (巡逻) their territrial bundaries fr illegal activities. But rapid defrestatin cntinues.
A recent study shws that cmbining n-the-grund mnitring with satellite data and smartphne technlgy culd help put the brakes n Amazn defrestatin—and ptentially that f frests elsewhere.
Illegal lgging, agriculture and cca cultivatin particularly threaten the Amazn in the Peruvian Indigenus cmmunities and utsiders are ften the culprits (罪魁祸首). The research team wndered if prviding training fr lcal peple t use satellite-based “early defrestatin alerts” culd help. The scientists cllabrated with 76 Indigenus cmmunities, 36 f which participated in using these alerts t watch ver the frest. Over the next tw years these trained participants were paid t wrk as frest mnitrs and received mnthly alerts via the app when satellite data indicated lcal frest lsses. Mnitrs investigated alerts, patrlled fr defrestatin in ther areas and reprted cnfirmed lsses back t their cmmunities, which decided whether t deal with the culprits n their wn r infrm state authrities.
The researchers analyzed the same frest-lss satellite data frm the given time perid in all 76 cmmunities. They fund the early-alert prgram reduced frest lss by 8.4 hectares in the first tw year—a 52% reductin cmpared with the average lss in the cntrl cmmunities.
Experts say this apprach t tackling Amaznian defrestatin lks prmising. “Wuld this wrk in all cmmunities that have high risk f defrestatin? Given the results, it’s wrth a try.” says Catherine Tucker, a researcher at the University f Flrida. “But sme cmmunities may nt have access t the resurces needed fr such a prgram, r their territries may hld valuable minerals that wuld increase the risk f defrestatin by utsiders despite mnitring effrts,” wrte Francisc Hernandez Cayetan, a cmmunity member invlved in the research, “we as Indigenus peples ask the wrld fr supprt.”
15．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Lcal Mnitrs Trained fr Frest Lss.B．Satellite Data Cure Defrestatin.
C．Outsiders Are t Blame fr Frest Lss.D．Smart Patrl Fights Defrestatin.
【答案】15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法。
15．文章标题。通读全文，结合文章第二段内容“A recent study shws that cmbining n-the-grund mnitring with satellite data and smartphne technlgy culd help put the brakes n Amazn defrestatin—and ptentially that f frests elsewhere.”（最近的一项研究表明，将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐，并可能遏制其他地区的森林砍伐。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法，D项“Smart Patrl Fights Defrestatin（智能巡逻与森林砍伐作斗争）”能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
3.B【河南省名校联盟2022届高三下学期第二次模拟】
It is believed that human stry begins in Africa and ends abut 200,000 years later with their seven billin descendants (后代) spread acrss the Earth, living in peace r at war, their faces lit by campfires and cmputer screens.
In between is an exciting tale f survival, mvement, islatin, and cnquest, mst f it ccurring befre recrded histry. Wh were thse first mdern peple in Africa? What rutes did they take when they left their hme cntinent 60,000 years ag t expand int Eurpe and Asia? When and hw did humans reach the Americas? Fr decades, the nly prf was fund in a small number f scattered bnes and artifacts that ur ancestrs left behind n their jurneys. In the past 20 years, hwever, DNA technlgies have allwed scientists t find a recrd f ancient human migratins in the DNA f living peple.
“Every drp f human bld cntains a histry bk written in the language f ur genes,” says ppulatin geneticist Spencer Wells. The human genetic cde, r genme, is 99.9 percent identical thrughut the wrld. But while the bulk f ur DNA is the same, what’s left is respnsible fr ur individual differences — in eye clr r disease risk, fr example. On very rare ccasins, a small change, called a mutatin, can ccur, which is then passed dwn t all f that persn’s descendants. Generatins later, finding that same mutatin in tw peple's DNA indicates that they share the same ancestr. By cmparing mutatins in many different ppulatins, scientists can trace their ancestral cnnectins.
These ancient mutatins are easiest t track in tw places: in DNA that is passed frm mther t child (called mitchndrial DNA, r mtDNA fr shrt), and in DNA that travels frm father t sn (knwn as the Y chrmsme, the part f DNA that determines a child will be a by). By cmparing the mtDNA and Y chrmsmes (染色体) f peple frm varius ppulatins, geneticists can get a rugh idea f where and when thse grups separated in the great migratins arund the planet.
4．The best title fr this reading culd be ________.
A．Explring human histryB．Finding DNA differences
C．Making a bilgy experimentD．Discvering ancestry in DNA
【答案】4．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗传学者如何通过研究人类基因突变追踪人类起源和迁徙的问题。
4．文章标题。根据文章第一句“It is believed that human stry begins in Africa and ends abut 200,000 years later with their seven billin descendants (后代) spread acrss the Earth, living in peace r at war, their faces lit by campfires and cmputer screens.” 人们相信，人类的故事始于非洲，结束于大约20万年后，他们的70亿后代散布在地球各地，生活在和平或战争中，他们的脸被营火和电脑屏幕照亮。第二段最后一句“In the past 20 years, hwever, DNA technlgies have allwed scientists t find a recrd f ancient human migratins in the DNA f living peple.” 然而，在过去的20年里，DNA技术使科学家能够在活人的DNA中找到远古人类迁徙的记录。第三段最后一句“By cmparing mutatins in many different ppulatins, scientists can trace their ancestral cnnectins.” 通过比较不同人群的基因突变，科学家们可以追溯他们祖先的联系。和第四段最后一句“By cmparing the mtDNA and Y chrmsmes (染色体) f peple frm varius ppulatins, geneticists can get a rugh idea f where and when thse grups separated in the great migratins arund the planet.” 通过比较不同人群的mtDNA和Y染色体，遗传学家可以大致了解这些人群在全球大迁徙中何时何地分开的。可知本文主要讲人类起源于非洲大陆。科学家运用DNA技术，通过比较世人的DNA基因突变情况，追踪不同族群的人是否源于同一祖先，进而大致弄清楚他们何时何地迁徙到世界各地。D项“通过DNA寻祖”，最全面，能涵盖本文主旨。为最佳标题。故选D。
4.D【江苏省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期期初联合调研】
It was late n a Thursday evening in Austin, Texas, and I had just finished my shift dwntwn waiting tables. I hpped int my truck and headed away frm the chas t my wn persnal asis, Dan’s Dept. It was n a fur-lane rad that went straight frm the heart f Austin t West Texas. Once, Dan’s Dept had been utside f the city. But with Austin’s ppulatin grwing and the city’s expansin, it was swallwed up by high-rise buildings and skyscrapers.
I’ve been familiar with Dan’s Dept since I played my first shw there. Like mst waiters in Austin, I’m actually a musician. The wman wh welcmes custmers is Dan’s wife Maude.
I slid my truck int the last free spt and headed t the dr. “Hw’s it ging, Maude?” I asked.
“David, I just dn’t knw what we’re ging t d,” she said. “Our cntract with the landlrd is up fr renewal at the end f the mnth, and he has dubled the rent. Even if we charged twice as much fr the snacks and shws, we culd never make ends meet.”
My heart drpped. On sme level, I’d been expecting t hear this news fr as lng as I’d been cming t Dan’s Dept. After all, Dan’s Dept was nw sandwiched between a shp selling yga pants t peple wh culd affrd persnal trainers and a luxury furniture stre where even a simple dining chair cst mre than $1,000. Hw culd this little live music jint survive with thse kinds f neighbrs?
“What are yu ging t d with this place? Are yu mving?” I asked.
She shk her head slwly. “I just dn’t knw. Dan and I are nt as yung as we used t be.”
I patted her n the shulder and made my way t the tables near the stage. Memries sprung up in my mind. Mst f my musical ideas came t me while I was watching live shws here at Dan’s Dept. When the sng ended, I gt up and went back t Maude.
“Hw abut I run the new Dan’s Dept?” I asked her. She stared at me, surprised.
“Hear me ut,” I said. “I’ve gt enugh mney t g in with yu and Dan as a third partner. I knw the Texas music scene in and ut, and I can get the best new bands in here every week. We’ll mve it way dwn Suth Cngress Avenue, where it’s still clse enugh t be accessible frm dwntwn but the rent is mre affrdable. And mst imprtantly, this place means a lt t me.”
Maude was still staring at me silently. I began t grw uneasy. Had I ffended her? I started aplgizing. She cut me ff with a huge embrace. “Hney, I think that’s a fantastic idea.”
35．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．The pwer f musicB．Old traditins die hard
C．My respect fr MaudeD．Every end is a new beginning
【答案】35．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者心目中的绿洲Dan’s Dept面临即将倒闭的风险，作者建议换一种方式来经营这个事业。文章告诉我们：每一个结束都是一个新的开始。
35．文章标题。根据文章第四段“Our cntract with the landlrd is up fr renewal at the end f the mnth, and he has dubled the rent. Even if we charged twice as much fr the snacks and shws, we culd never make ends meet.(我们和房东的合同到月底就要到期了，他把租金增加了一倍。即使零食和演出的费用是平时的两倍，我们也无法入不敷出。)”、文章第五段“On sme level, I’d been expecting t hear this news fr as lng as I’d been cming t Dan’s Dept.(在某种程度上，自从我来到Dan’s Dept，我就一直预期会听到这个消息。)，文章倒数第三段“'Hw abut I run the new Dan’s Dept?' I asked her.( “我来经营新的Dan’s Dept怎么样?”我问她。)”以及文章最后一段“She cut me ff with a huge embrace. 'Hney, I think that’s a fantastic idea.'(她猛地抱住我，打断了我的话。“亲爱的，我觉得这是个好主意。”)”文章讲述了作者心目中的绿洲Dan’s Dept面临即将倒闭的风险，作者建议换一种方式来经营这个事业。因此推断文章告诉我们：每一个结束都是一个新的开始。故选D。5.C【2022届山东省菏泽市高三第一次模拟考试（一模）】
A yung wman hlds up a bk and smiles, saying, “This is day ne f me reading ‘The Sng f Achilles’.” The vide jumps frward. “And this”, she sbs, with tears n her face. “is me finishing it.” Anther vide, entitled “Bks that will make yu SOB”, ffers written ntes n hw varius stries gt readers t cry, such as “I can’t think abut it withut bawling (痛哭)” and “ended up crying s much I had t change my shirt.”
This is BkTk, as the literary wing f the app TikTk is knwn. Imagine the emtinal changes f a Victrian drama, add music, and yu have the general idea.
BkTk is passinate. It is als prfitable—at least fr publishers. Blmsbury, a publishing huse based in Britain, recently reprted recrd sales and a 220% rise in prfits, which Nigel Newtn, its bss, put dwn partly t the “abslute phenmenn” f BkTk.
On Amazn, BkTk is s influential that it has leapt int the titles f bks themselves. The nvel “It Ends With Us”, fr instance, is nw listed as “It Ends With Us: TikTk made me buy it!” Evidently TikTk did a gd jb: the rmantic nvel is riding high in the tp 100 in bth Britain and America.
At the same time, BkTk pushes back against publishing amnesia (失忆症). Bks areimagined t ffer immrtality (不朽) t authrs—t be a “mnument mre lasting than brnze”, as the Rman pet Hrace wrte- but the lifespan f mst bks is amazingly shrt. Dig ut a list f bestsellers frm 20 years ag: nt nly are tday's readers unlikely t buy them, mst wn't have heard f them. Many f the bks will have jined the lists f what W.H. Auden called the “undeservedly frgtten”.
BkTk is reviving backlists. One reasn publishers nticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jnes f Picadr, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, ld titles were cming back int the bestseller charts. It ffers such bks “a secnd life”, and he applauds it. Start trending n BkTk, and eventually, a great bk finds its readers.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Bks and scial media—Wrd f muth
B．Bks and scial media—Friend r enemy
C．Frm Bks t BkTk—An unstppable trend
D．Frm Bks t BkTk—Explring everlasting values
【答案】11．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了社交媒体TikTk（抖音国际版）下的子标签BkTk引起了读书新潮流，带动了图书销售。11．文章标题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“This is BkTk, as the literary wing f the app TikTk is knwn. (这是BkTk，应用程序TikTk的文学分支)”和根据第三段“Blmsbury, a publishing huse based in Britain, recently reprted recrd sales and a 220% rise in prfits, which Nigel Newtn, its bss, put dwn partly t the “abslute phenmenn” f BkTk. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔·牛顿将其部分归因于BkTk的“十足出色”)”可知，本文阐述了TikTk下的子标签BkTk带动了图书销售，说明了社交媒体口碑对书籍销售的巨大力量。因此，以下适合文本标题的是A项“Bks and scial media—Wrd f muth(书籍和社交媒体口碑)”，符合题意，故选A项。
一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
要想熟悉高考的思路，最重要的一环就是做题。近五年的高考试题，特别是有些地区新课标执行起来题型发生了变化，就更需要我们适应它。在做高考题的时候，应该注意以下几个方面：
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
考点6--主旨要义之文章标题--讲考点--胸有成竹
【2022年文章标题考点归纳】
【2023年高考命题预测】
文章标题考点是高考中的必考点。标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它是段落中心思想最精练的表达形式。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。预测在2023高考中，文章标题题会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【主旨大意之段落大意考点指南】
选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。
首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②考点
题型
文章标题
阅读理解
2022
试卷类型
设问
考点
2022年全国甲卷
阅读C27. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2022年全国乙卷
阅读C31. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2021
2021年新高考I卷
C篇31. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年全国甲卷
D篇15. What is the best title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年全国乙卷
C篇31. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
文章标题
2021年新高考II卷
C篇11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020
2020年全国II卷
D篇35. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020年新课标Ⅰ卷
D篇35. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
2020年新课标ⅠII卷
D篇35. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
文章标题
过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。
其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心就不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；精确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。
再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。
段落大意题常考问题：
Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
The best title fr the passage wuld be …
考例分析：
1.C【2021·全国新高考II卷】
A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin (变革). “We are ging t make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt - whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star - int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. “I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. “It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness,that has been ur strength fr centuries."
8．What will Zafiraku d with her prize mney?
A．Make a mvie.B．Build new schls.
C．Run a prject.D．Help lcal musicians.
9．What des Craig-Martin think f the teaching f the arts in UK schls?
A．It is particularly difficult.B．It increases artists' incme.
C．It pens children's mind.D．It deserves greater attentin.
10．What shuld be stressed in schl educatin accrding t Schama?
A．Mral principles.B．Interpersnal skills.
C．Creative abilities.D．Psitive wrldviews.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Bring Artists t SchlsB．When Histrians Meet Artists
C．Arts Educatin in BritainD．The Wrld's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】11．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
11．文章标题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin. “We are ging t make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafiraku)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafiraku用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。
2.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they? In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Geniuses Think AlikeB．Genius Takes Many Frms
C．Genius and IntelligenceD．Genius and Luck
【答案】15．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
15．文章标题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Wh is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, wh are able t change the wrld.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
3.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
31．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp StryB．The Natinal Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits f Saving WaterfwlD．The Histry f Migratry Bird Hunting
【答案】31．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国鸭票的故事，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。
31．文章标题。根据全文可知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A。
4.C【2021·全国高考乙卷】
Yu’ve heard that plastic is plluting the ceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse,” a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash. Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce（来源）f plastic pllutin, but they’ve recently cme under fire because mst peple dn’t need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that’s part f Vn Wng’s artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad’s wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped（倾倒） frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
31．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Artists’ Opinins n Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Cntemprary Art
C．Respnsibility Demanded f Big Cmpanies
D．Ocean Plastics Transfrmed int Sculptures
【答案】31．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术家Benjamin Vn Wng用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕塑作品，让人们通过这个雕塑重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系。此外他在2018的一件作品“Trucklad f Plastic”说明了每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。Vn Wng通过用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。
31．标题判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin Vn Wng)想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”和倒数第二段“In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad’s wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped(倾倒) frm a truck all at nce.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(Vn Wng)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin Vn Wng)通过利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法来提示人们重新思考与一次性塑料的关系，唤醒和提高人们循环利用的意识，促进环保的发展。由此可知，D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。
规律方法 如何精确归纳标题？
1、利用主题段来概括标题
主题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题，知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语——文章的标题。
2、利用主题句来概括标题
解题的关键是要抓住每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主题句，并对主题句进行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。
做此类题时，要避免以下三种错误：
(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而缩小了范围)；
(2)过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；
(3)以事实、细节替代文章大意。
【试题精练】
1.D【2022届安徽省江南十校高三下学期3月一模联考】
Fd made frm atmspheric carbn culd feed the wrld while helping t fight climate change, accrding t Slar Fds, a Finnish cmpany funded in 2017.“We can cllect CO2 anywhere,” said its CEO Pasi Vainika, whse cmpany has develped a prtein pwder made using CO2. “That’s a strategic shift where raw materials are in the air. ” The prtein pwder, called Slein, can be turned int meat and dairy substitutes r added tfds and shakes.
Slar Fds uses special units t pull CO2 frm the atmsphere. T turn it int prtein,micrbes (微 物),similar t thse in the prductin f wine and ygurt, will be fed n it t grw and reprduce. During the prcess, water is split int hydrgen and xygen. Alng with a grwth medium cntaining necessary minerals, the three gases are pumped in t feed the micrbes. Harvested and dried, that remaining mixture becmes Slein—a yellw pwder made up f single-cell prtein, with a nutrient cmpsitin similar t wheat flur.
Slar Fds claims that Slein remves mst f the emissins assciated with mdern agriculture, which is respnsible fr almst ne-third f all greenhuse gas emissins. “One kilgram f Slein sends ut 0.2 kilgram f CO2e(二 氧化碳当量).In cmparisn.beef herds prduce arund 100 kilgrams and chicken 10 kilgrams,” said Vainikka. “ We can rermve the climate impact f mdem fd systems n the planet, which tday accunt fr abut 30 per cent f glbal greenhuse gas emissins.” He further stressed that while the cmpany’s factries als require sme land used fr industrial farming, nly abut ne-tenth f the land is needed cmpared t phtsynthesis (光合作用）. “We culd free up agricultural land t grw back frests,” he added, “and thse remve carbn permanently frm the atmsphere.”
Prbably ptimists are nw cntenting themselves with the pleasant scene f masses f trees absrbing CO2: n the planet. Hwever, while that may sund great, Vainikka put it right, “It can happen nly if we prduce enugh Slein frm CO, t replace meat and dairy at a large scale.”And that still remains a lng way t g.
35．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Air Prtein Prduced, CO, Reduced
B．Cllecting Air, Remving CO2
C．Climate Changing, Danger Cming
D．Prtect Earth, Save Ourselves
【答案】35．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了温室效应日趋严重，二氧化碳是主要成因之一。一家芬兰公司利用吸碳技术，将空气中的二氧化碳转化为可食用蛋白质，减少碳排放，并解放耕地，用于植树造林，缓解温室效应。
35．文章标题。第一段概括介绍 Slar Fds 公司利用空气中二氧化碳生产蛋白质 Slein 的基本信息——第二段介绍这一生产过程及所需物质——第三段阐述该技术的优势及长远意义——第四段主要介绍该技术的前景。综上，A选项概括了文章大意——从空气中获取二氧化碳生产蛋白质Slein，减少二氧化碳。故选A。
2.D【2022届广东省高三六校第四次联考】
Effrts t preserve the Amazn rain frest, which supprts immense bidiversity and lcks away tns f climate threatening carbn, are grwing mre urgent as the ecsystem’s destructin accelerates. Indigenus (当地的) peples have been trying t prtect the regin by patrlling (巡逻) their territrial bundaries fr illegal activities. But rapid defrestatin cntinues.
A recent study shws that cmbining n-the-grund mnitring with satellite data and smartphne technlgy culd help put the brakes n Amazn defrestatin—and ptentially that f frests elsewhere.
Illegal lgging, agriculture and cca cultivatin particularly threaten the Amazn in the Peruvian Indigenus cmmunities and utsiders are ften the culprits (罪魁祸首). The research team wndered if prviding training fr lcal peple t use satellite-based “early defrestatin alerts” culd help. The scientists cllabrated with 76 Indigenus cmmunities, 36 f which participated in using these alerts t watch ver the frest. Over the next tw years these trained participants were paid t wrk as frest mnitrs and received mnthly alerts via the app when satellite data indicated lcal frest lsses. Mnitrs investigated alerts, patrlled fr defrestatin in ther areas and reprted cnfirmed lsses back t their cmmunities, which decided whether t deal with the culprits n their wn r infrm state authrities.
The researchers analyzed the same frest-lss satellite data frm the given time perid in all 76 cmmunities. They fund the early-alert prgram reduced frest lss by 8.4 hectares in the first tw year—a 52% reductin cmpared with the average lss in the cntrl cmmunities.
Experts say this apprach t tackling Amaznian defrestatin lks prmising. “Wuld this wrk in all cmmunities that have high risk f defrestatin? Given the results, it’s wrth a try.” says Catherine Tucker, a researcher at the University f Flrida. “But sme cmmunities may nt have access t the resurces needed fr such a prgram, r their territries may hld valuable minerals that wuld increase the risk f defrestatin by utsiders despite mnitring effrts,” wrte Francisc Hernandez Cayetan, a cmmunity member invlved in the research, “we as Indigenus peples ask the wrld fr supprt.”
15．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Lcal Mnitrs Trained fr Frest Lss.B．Satellite Data Cure Defrestatin.
C．Outsiders Are t Blame fr Frest Lss.D．Smart Patrl Fights Defrestatin.
【答案】15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法。
15．文章标题。通读全文，结合文章第二段内容“A recent study shws that cmbining n-the-grund mnitring with satellite data and smartphne technlgy culd help put the brakes n Amazn defrestatin—and ptentially that f frests elsewhere.”（最近的一项研究表明，将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐，并可能遏制其他地区的森林砍伐。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法，D项“Smart Patrl Fights Defrestatin（智能巡逻与森林砍伐作斗争）”能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
3.B【河南省名校联盟2022届高三下学期第二次模拟】
It is believed that human stry begins in Africa and ends abut 200,000 years later with their seven billin descendants (后代) spread acrss the Earth, living in peace r at war, their faces lit by campfires and cmputer screens.
In between is an exciting tale f survival, mvement, islatin, and cnquest, mst f it ccurring befre recrded histry. Wh were thse first mdern peple in Africa? What rutes did they take when they left their hme cntinent 60,000 years ag t expand int Eurpe and Asia? When and hw did humans reach the Americas? Fr decades, the nly prf was fund in a small number f scattered bnes and artifacts that ur ancestrs left behind n their jurneys. In the past 20 years, hwever, DNA technlgies have allwed scientists t find a recrd f ancient human migratins in the DNA f living peple.
“Every drp f human bld cntains a histry bk written in the language f ur genes,” says ppulatin geneticist Spencer Wells. The human genetic cde, r genme, is 99.9 percent identical thrughut the wrld. But while the bulk f ur DNA is the same, what’s left is respnsible fr ur individual differences — in eye clr r disease risk, fr example. On very rare ccasins, a small change, called a mutatin, can ccur, which is then passed dwn t all f that persn’s descendants. Generatins later, finding that same mutatin in tw peple's DNA indicates that they share the same ancestr. By cmparing mutatins in many different ppulatins, scientists can trace their ancestral cnnectins.
These ancient mutatins are easiest t track in tw places: in DNA that is passed frm mther t child (called mitchndrial DNA, r mtDNA fr shrt), and in DNA that travels frm father t sn (knwn as the Y chrmsme, the part f DNA that determines a child will be a by). By cmparing the mtDNA and Y chrmsmes (染色体) f peple frm varius ppulatins, geneticists can get a rugh idea f where and when thse grups separated in the great migratins arund the planet.
4．The best title fr this reading culd be ________.
A．Explring human histryB．Finding DNA differences
C．Making a bilgy experimentD．Discvering ancestry in DNA
【答案】4．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗传学者如何通过研究人类基因突变追踪人类起源和迁徙的问题。
4．文章标题。根据文章第一句“It is believed that human stry begins in Africa and ends abut 200,000 years later with their seven billin descendants (后代) spread acrss the Earth, living in peace r at war, their faces lit by campfires and cmputer screens.” 人们相信，人类的故事始于非洲，结束于大约20万年后，他们的70亿后代散布在地球各地，生活在和平或战争中，他们的脸被营火和电脑屏幕照亮。第二段最后一句“In the past 20 years, hwever, DNA technlgies have allwed scientists t find a recrd f ancient human migratins in the DNA f living peple.” 然而，在过去的20年里，DNA技术使科学家能够在活人的DNA中找到远古人类迁徙的记录。第三段最后一句“By cmparing mutatins in many different ppulatins, scientists can trace their ancestral cnnectins.” 通过比较不同人群的基因突变，科学家们可以追溯他们祖先的联系。和第四段最后一句“By cmparing the mtDNA and Y chrmsmes (染色体) f peple frm varius ppulatins, geneticists can get a rugh idea f where and when thse grups separated in the great migratins arund the planet.” 通过比较不同人群的mtDNA和Y染色体，遗传学家可以大致了解这些人群在全球大迁徙中何时何地分开的。可知本文主要讲人类起源于非洲大陆。科学家运用DNA技术，通过比较世人的DNA基因突变情况，追踪不同族群的人是否源于同一祖先，进而大致弄清楚他们何时何地迁徙到世界各地。D项“通过DNA寻祖”，最全面，能涵盖本文主旨。为最佳标题。故选D。
4.D【江苏省六校2021-2022学年高三下学期期初联合调研】
It was late n a Thursday evening in Austin, Texas, and I had just finished my shift dwntwn waiting tables. I hpped int my truck and headed away frm the chas t my wn persnal asis, Dan’s Dept. It was n a fur-lane rad that went straight frm the heart f Austin t West Texas. Once, Dan’s Dept had been utside f the city. But with Austin’s ppulatin grwing and the city’s expansin, it was swallwed up by high-rise buildings and skyscrapers.
I’ve been familiar with Dan’s Dept since I played my first shw there. Like mst waiters in Austin, I’m actually a musician. The wman wh welcmes custmers is Dan’s wife Maude.
I slid my truck int the last free spt and headed t the dr. “Hw’s it ging, Maude?” I asked.
“David, I just dn’t knw what we’re ging t d,” she said. “Our cntract with the landlrd is up fr renewal at the end f the mnth, and he has dubled the rent. Even if we charged twice as much fr the snacks and shws, we culd never make ends meet.”
My heart drpped. On sme level, I’d been expecting t hear this news fr as lng as I’d been cming t Dan’s Dept. After all, Dan’s Dept was nw sandwiched between a shp selling yga pants t peple wh culd affrd persnal trainers and a luxury furniture stre where even a simple dining chair cst mre than $1,000. Hw culd this little live music jint survive with thse kinds f neighbrs?
“What are yu ging t d with this place? Are yu mving?” I asked.
She shk her head slwly. “I just dn’t knw. Dan and I are nt as yung as we used t be.”
I patted her n the shulder and made my way t the tables near the stage. Memries sprung up in my mind. Mst f my musical ideas came t me while I was watching live shws here at Dan’s Dept. When the sng ended, I gt up and went back t Maude.
“Hw abut I run the new Dan’s Dept?” I asked her. She stared at me, surprised.
“Hear me ut,” I said. “I’ve gt enugh mney t g in with yu and Dan as a third partner. I knw the Texas music scene in and ut, and I can get the best new bands in here every week. We’ll mve it way dwn Suth Cngress Avenue, where it’s still clse enugh t be accessible frm dwntwn but the rent is mre affrdable. And mst imprtantly, this place means a lt t me.”
Maude was still staring at me silently. I began t grw uneasy. Had I ffended her? I started aplgizing. She cut me ff with a huge embrace. “Hney, I think that’s a fantastic idea.”
35．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．The pwer f musicB．Old traditins die hard
C．My respect fr MaudeD．Every end is a new beginning
【答案】35．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者心目中的绿洲Dan’s Dept面临即将倒闭的风险，作者建议换一种方式来经营这个事业。文章告诉我们：每一个结束都是一个新的开始。
35．文章标题。根据文章第四段“Our cntract with the landlrd is up fr renewal at the end f the mnth, and he has dubled the rent. Even if we charged twice as much fr the snacks and shws, we culd never make ends meet.(我们和房东的合同到月底就要到期了，他把租金增加了一倍。即使零食和演出的费用是平时的两倍，我们也无法入不敷出。)”、文章第五段“On sme level, I’d been expecting t hear this news fr as lng as I’d been cming t Dan’s Dept.(在某种程度上，自从我来到Dan’s Dept，我就一直预期会听到这个消息。)，文章倒数第三段“'Hw abut I run the new Dan’s Dept?' I asked her.( “我来经营新的Dan’s Dept怎么样?”我问她。)”以及文章最后一段“She cut me ff with a huge embrace. 'Hney, I think that’s a fantastic idea.'(她猛地抱住我，打断了我的话。“亲爱的，我觉得这是个好主意。”)”文章讲述了作者心目中的绿洲Dan’s Dept面临即将倒闭的风险，作者建议换一种方式来经营这个事业。因此推断文章告诉我们：每一个结束都是一个新的开始。故选D。5.C【2022届山东省菏泽市高三第一次模拟考试（一模）】
A yung wman hlds up a bk and smiles, saying, “This is day ne f me reading ‘The Sng f Achilles’.” The vide jumps frward. “And this”, she sbs, with tears n her face. “is me finishing it.” Anther vide, entitled “Bks that will make yu SOB”, ffers written ntes n hw varius stries gt readers t cry, such as “I can’t think abut it withut bawling (痛哭)” and “ended up crying s much I had t change my shirt.”
This is BkTk, as the literary wing f the app TikTk is knwn. Imagine the emtinal changes f a Victrian drama, add music, and yu have the general idea.
BkTk is passinate. It is als prfitable—at least fr publishers. Blmsbury, a publishing huse based in Britain, recently reprted recrd sales and a 220% rise in prfits, which Nigel Newtn, its bss, put dwn partly t the “abslute phenmenn” f BkTk.
On Amazn, BkTk is s influential that it has leapt int the titles f bks themselves. The nvel “It Ends With Us”, fr instance, is nw listed as “It Ends With Us: TikTk made me buy it!” Evidently TikTk did a gd jb: the rmantic nvel is riding high in the tp 100 in bth Britain and America.
At the same time, BkTk pushes back against publishing amnesia (失忆症). Bks areimagined t ffer immrtality (不朽) t authrs—t be a “mnument mre lasting than brnze”, as the Rman pet Hrace wrte- but the lifespan f mst bks is amazingly shrt. Dig ut a list f bestsellers frm 20 years ag: nt nly are tday's readers unlikely t buy them, mst wn't have heard f them. Many f the bks will have jined the lists f what W.H. Auden called the “undeservedly frgtten”.
BkTk is reviving backlists. One reasn publishers nticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jnes f Picadr, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, ld titles were cming back int the bestseller charts. It ffers such bks “a secnd life”, and he applauds it. Start trending n BkTk, and eventually, a great bk finds its readers.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Bks and scial media—Wrd f muth
B．Bks and scial media—Friend r enemy
C．Frm Bks t BkTk—An unstppable trend
D．Frm Bks t BkTk—Explring everlasting values
【答案】11．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了社交媒体TikTk（抖音国际版）下的子标签BkTk引起了读书新潮流，带动了图书销售。11．文章标题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“This is BkTk, as the literary wing f the app TikTk is knwn. (这是BkTk，应用程序TikTk的文学分支)”和根据第三段“Blmsbury, a publishing huse based in Britain, recently reprted recrd sales and a 220% rise in prfits, which Nigel Newtn, its bss, put dwn partly t the “abslute phenmenn” f BkTk. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔·牛顿将其部分归因于BkTk的“十足出色”)”可知，本文阐述了TikTk下的子标签BkTk带动了图书销售，说明了社交媒体口碑对书籍销售的巨大力量。因此，以下适合文本标题的是A项“Bks and scial media—Wrd f muth(书籍和社交媒体口碑)”，符合题意，故选A项。
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