2022-2023学年山东省山东师范大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省山东师范大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题含解析，共30页。

 2022级2022-2023学年第二学期期中学业水平测试
英语学科试题
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(共95分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who will Peter go camping with?
A. Dave. B. Tom. C. Mike.
2. What did the woman do on the weekend?
A. She saw a movie. B. She visited her teammate. C. She played football.
3. How will the man probably go to the doctor’s?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. On a train. B. On a bus. C. On a plane.
5. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Impatient. C. Confused.
第二节(共１５小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6. How long will the woman be away?
A. For one day. B. For three days. C. For one week.
7. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A business trip schedule. B. A holiday plan. C. A hotel reservation.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Buying a gift. B. Preparing dinner. C. Attending a wedding.
9. What is the woman dissatisfied with about the glasses?
A. The shape. B. The size. C. The color.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about Kingswell Sports club?
A. It is a tennis club. B. It is a golf club. C. It is a football club.
11. Where can people relax after exercise?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bar. C. At a swimming pool.
12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Football fans. B. Manager and club member. C. Gym receptionist and customer.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Whom is the man talking to?
A. A passenger. B. A friend. C. A conductor.
14. Which place is this train’s final destination?
A. Oxford. B. Bristol. C. Reading.
15. When does the train to Oxford leave?
A. At 10:04. B. At 9:55. C. At 9:15.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Take the next train. B. Change at Reading. C. Get off in Bristol.
听第10段材料;回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A radio host. B. ATV host. C. A professor.
18. At what age did Margaret begin her school education?
A. 6. B. 9. C. 10.
19. Why was Margaret so well known at that time?
A. She became a teacher at a young age.
B. She paid much attention to female topics.
C. She translated different types of literature.
20. What do we know about Margaret?
A. She was African American.
B. She was popular with other writers.
C. She dared to make sharp comments.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Harbin Ice Festival 2023/2024
The annual Harbin Ice and Snow Festival opens in late December and lasts for around 2 months, till late February of the next year. The official opening ceremony is on January 5th, 2024, but the ice and snow sculptures are open to public viewing from December 17th, 2023.
When winter comes, Harbin turns into a kingdom of ice and snow. Attend the Festival to make your snow king/queen dream come true.
Annual activity schedule
Dates
Activities
Early December
Ice harvest
December
Carving and building
Christmas Period
Unofficial opening
Jan. 5 of Each Year
Opening Ceremony
Late Feb. to early Mar.
Ice and snow sculptures start to melt
New features in 2024
The huge Snowflake Ferris Wheel has already been built inside the Ice and Snow World. You can ride on the Ferris wheel to overlook the ice castles and exhibits and take awesome photos.
Booking
Official online booking is only open to Chinese travelers with a Resident Identity Card. For foreign passport holders, you can buy on arrival or fill in an application form online. We’ll contact you to contum the booking once the tickets are available.
Attention
But remember, as long as the ice and snow sculptures are open to visitors, it is impossible to take photos of the charming ice buildings without any visitors in. If you have plenty of time, to avoid the rush hours, you may consider entering before 2 p.m. and re-entering after 8 p.m. for night views. Two entrance tickets are needed if you choose to visit in this way.
1. When can visitors admire ice sculptures in the festival?
A. On 30th November, 2023.
B. On 3rd December, 2023.
C. On 23rd January, 2024.
D. On 15th March, 2024.
2. How can a foreigner get a ticket?
A. By buying the ticket in person.
B. By making an application online.
C. By calling the reception in advance.
D. By booking with a Resident Identity Card.
3. What can we learn about Harbin Ice and Snow Festival 2023/2024?
A. It lasts for about three months.
B. You can have a ride on the Snowflake Ferris Wheels.
C. You needn’t pay again if you re-enter on the same day.
D. You’d better come in the afternoon to avoid rush hours.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2023/2024年哈尔滨冰雪节的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The official opening ceremony is on January 5th, 2024, but the ice and snow sculptures are open to public viewing from December 17th, 2023. (官方开幕式将于2024年1月5日举行，但冰雕和雪雕将于2023年12月17日向公众开放)”和Annual activity schedule表格中的最后一行“Late Feb. to early Mar. (2月底到3月初)”和“Ice and snow sculptures start to melt (冰雪雕塑开始融化)”可知，冰雕和雪雕从2023年12月17日开始，于次年2月底到3月初融化。由此可知，游客可以在2024年1月23日冰雪节上欣赏冰雕。故选C。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Booking中的“For foreign passport holders, you can buy on arrival or fill in an application form online. We’ll contact you to confirm the booking once the tickets are available. (对于外国护照持有者，您可以在抵达时购买或在线填写申请表。一旦有票，我们将与您联系以确认预订情况)”可知，外国人通过网上申请可以买到票。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据New features in 2024中的“The huge Snowflake Ferris Wheel has already been built inside the Ice and Snow World. (巨大的雪花摩天轮已经建在冰雪大世界里)”可知，2023/2024哈尔滨冰雪节新特点是游客可以乘坐雪花摩天轮。故选B。
B
Oprah Winfrey is recognized as one of the most powerful females in the world. An outstanding TV hostess, and an influential producer are among the titles she is known as.
She was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on January 29,1954. As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything on a silver platter, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world.
How did Oprah Winfrey overcome the setbacks and build her career from zero? It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media. She started her career as a radio and TV hostess in Nashville. Then she moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where she hosted a local talk show called People Are Talking. This show gained popularity and this eventually led to her Own national talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which ran for 25 seasons and was the highest-rated talk show in the history of television.
Oprah has a heart of gold and has been a supporter of many causes over the course of her career, such as education, health, and wellness. She has used her platform to inspire, teach, and entertain people worldwide through her charity organization known as the Oprah Winfrey Network. She also took a step for the education of girls in South Africa by starting the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy.
Oprah Winfrey’s life is a true example of where being strong and determined can lead you. She has shown people that if you put your mind to something, you can achieve it. The lesson we can learn from her is that no matter how hard things get, you can always find the strength to keep going and reach your goals.
4. What was her childhood like?
A. She was born with a silver spoon.
B. She struggled with health problems.
C. She went through a lot of hardships.
D. She grew up in an easy atmosphere.
5. What was the first step of her career?
A. Winning a beauty contest.
B. Launching a local talk show.
C. Running a national talk show.
D. Hosting a radio and TV programme.
6. Which of the following can best describe Oprah?
A. Warm-hearted but impatient.
B. Strong-willed and generous.
C. Narrow-minded but talented.
D Easy-tempered and ambitious.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Oprah Winfrey-A Remarkable Success
B. Oprah Winfrey-A Famous Spokeswoman
C. The Oprah Winfrey Show-A Platform to Inspire People
D. The Oprah Winfrey Show-The Highest Rated Talk Show
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍奥普拉·温弗瑞。她被公认为世界上最有影响力的女性之一。她是一位杰出的电视主持人，也是一位有影响力的制片人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything on a silver platter, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world.（作为一个孩子，她生活在贫困和虐待中。虽然她没有得到一切，但她仍然克服了童年的挣扎，在世界上留下了自己的印记。）”可知，她童年经历了许多苦难。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media.（这一切始于她19岁时赢得田纳西州黑人小姐选美比赛。这是她进入媒体工作的垫脚石。）”可知，她事业的第一步是“赢得选美比赛。”故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything on a silver platter, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world.（作为一个孩子，她生活在贫困和虐待中。虽然她没有得到一切，但她仍然克服了童年的挣扎，在世界上留下了自己的印记。）”和第四段“Oprah has a heart of gold and has been a supporter of many causes over the course of her career, such as education, health, and wellness. She has used her platform to inspire, teach, and entertain people worldwide through her charity organization known as the Oprah Winfrey Network. She also took a step for the education of girls in South Africa by starting the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy.（奥普拉有一颗金子般的心，在她的职业生涯中，她一直支持许多事业，比如教育、健康和保健。她利用自己的平台，通过她的慈善组织奥普拉·温弗瑞网络来激励、教育和娱乐世界各地的人们。她还通过创办奥普拉·温弗瑞领导学院，为南非女孩的教育迈出了一步。）”可知，Oprah意志坚强，慷慨大方。故选B。
【7题详解】
标题判断题。根据第一段“Oprah Winfrey is recognized as one of the most powerful females in the world. An outstanding TV hostess, and an influential producer are among the titles she is known as.（奥普拉·温弗瑞被公认为世界上最有影响力的女性之一。她是一位杰出的电视主持人，也是一位有影响力的制片人。）”可知，她是一位著名的女性。故选B。
C
“I’ve done such a good job of pretending to be an outgoing person that friends and family are shocked when I tell them I’m not.” Ever since she was a teen, Amanda would adopt the behaviours of the people around her to fit in, while hiding her true personality. And sometimes it was hard to tell who was actually the real Amanda.
This is Social Masking, the process of covering your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted. Social Maskers aren’t trying to cheat anyone; rather, they are hoping to blend in with everybody else. “Social Masking is a learned set of pattern-matching behaviours, movements and actions where you follow other’s suit to fit in rather than stand out,” explains psychotherapist Dipti Tait.
In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on these Social Masking behaviours. “Social Masking happens because we want to fit in,” says Tait. The mask is a protection against our self-doubt. However, according to psychologist Quinn-Cirillo, social media may have made it even harder to be ourselves. She notes that it gives us set images and videos that make us believe this is how we should be. It strengthens the belief that you are not good enough as you are and break down your confidence over time. The more Amanda masked, the more she would lose faith.
So how can you break the cycle? Getting rid of the mask involves working to improve your self-worth, self-belief and self-respect. Once you hear those damaging thoughts that tell you it’s not OK to be yourself, take action and stop it. Doing this repeatedly over a period gives those self-defeating thoughts less power and improves your self-belief.
8. Why does the author mention Amanda in Paragraph 1?
A. To tell a story.
B. To give an example.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To provide background information.
9. What can replace the underlined words “blend in” in Paragraph 2?
A. Break up. B. Come along. C. Put up. D. Get along.
10. What is Quinn-Cirillo’s attitude to Social Masking?
A. Unconcerned. B. Approving. C. Objective. D. Negative.
11. What is the author’s advice on removing social masks?
A. Regaining confidence.
B. Doing exercise regularly.
C. Turning to a professional.
D. Engaging in social activities.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Social Masking现象。建议摘掉社交面具，让我们重获信心。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I’ve done such a good job of pretending to be an outgoing person that friends and family are shocked when I tell them I’m not.（我在假装自己是一个外向的人方面做得很好，当我告诉朋友和家人我不是时，他们都很震惊。）”和“Ever since she was a teen, Amanda would adopt the behaviours of the people around her to fit in, while hiding her true personality. And sometimes it was hard to tell who was actually the real Amanda.（从十几岁开始，阿曼达就会模仿周围人的行为来适应，同时隐藏自己的真实个性。有时候很难分辨出谁才是真正的阿曼达。）”并结合第二段的“This is Social Masking, the process of covering your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted. (这是一种社会面具，掩盖了你与他人互动的自然方式，这样你就能感觉到被接受了。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Amanda为了引出文章的话题——社会面具。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“This is Social Masking, the process of covering your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted. Social Maskers aren’t trying to cheat anyone（这就是社会伪装，掩盖你与他人互动的自然方式，这样你就会感到被接受。社交面具者不会试图欺骗任何人）”和“rather, they are hoping to blend in with everybody else.（相反，他们希望能和其他人blend in 。）”可知，划线词的意思是“相处，进展”。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, according to psychologist Quinn-Cirillo, social media may have made it even harder to be ourselves. She notes that it gives us set images and videos that make us believe this is how we should be. It strengthens the belief that you are not good enough as you are and break down your confidence over time. The more Amanda masked, the more she would lose faith.（然而，根据心理学家奎因-西里洛的说法，社交媒体可能会让我们更难做自己。她指出，它给我们提供了固定的图像和视频，让我们相信这就是我们应该做的。它会强化你的信念，让你觉得自己不够好，并随着时间的推移摧毁你的信心。阿曼达戴的面具越多，她就越失去信心。）”可知，Quinn-Cirillo对Social Masking的态度是“反对的”。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“So how can you break the cycle? Getting rid of the mask involves working to improve your self-worth, self-belief and self-respect. Once you hear those damaging thoughts that tell you it’s not OK to be yourself, take action and stop it. Doing this repeatedly over a period gives those self-defeating thoughts less power and improves your self-belief.（那么怎样才能打破这个循环呢?摆脱面具需要努力提高你的自我价值、自信和自尊。一旦你听到那些有害的想法告诉你做自己是不好的，采取行动，停止它。在一段时间内反复这样做会减少那些自我挫败的想法的力量，提高你的自信。）”可知，摘掉社交面具的建议是“重获信心。”故选A。
D
Airplane accidents are statistically rare. When they do happen, however, they are often fatal and people want answers as to why their loved ones lost their lives, and that is where black boxes come into play.
A black box, known as flight recorder, is an electronic recording device placed in an aircraft to help the investigation of air accidents. The term “black box” was a World War II British phrase, originating with the development of radio, radar, and electronic navigational aids in British and Allied combat aircraft. These often-secret electronic devices were literally covered in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence the name “black box”.
There are two different flight recorder devices: the flight data recorder (FDR) as well as the cockpit voice recorder (CVR). Together, the FDR and CVR objectively document the aircraft’s flight history, which may assist in any later investigation. They are usually kept in the tail of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash. FDRs record things like airspeed, height and vertical acceleration (垂直加速度) and has about 25 hours of recording storage. The CVRs store the crew’s interactions with each other and air traffic control, as well as the background noise that can give vital clues to investigators in case of a crash. However, a CVR can store only two hours of cockpit voice recording.
Though the black box is useful, it’s looking increasingly likely that the little one will be replaced by streaming all essential data directly to a ground-based station. Air-to-ground systems can send flight data to a home base via satellite, which help to reduce time to search for a box, possibly avoiding a crisis. However, satellite and GPS capacity and data storage speeds are all areas that are being developed by scientists to support new innovations that are faster and lighter. The challenge is to build the systems to manage a large number of data that are needed to make it possible to track all commercial flight activity, especially the use of satellites and data storage.
12. What’s the function of a flight recorder?
A. To avoid airplane accidents.
B. To help investigate air crashes.
C. To save lives of the passengers.
D. To answer the questions of loved ones.
13. Why is a flight recorder called a black box?
A. For its container. B. For its design. C. For its function. D. For its position.
14. What can be learned about the flight recorder devices?
A. FDR is more effective than CVR.
B. The data can be preserved for two days.
C. The background noise can be recorded by FDR.
D. They are fixed at the back of the aircraft to keep safe.
15. Which of the following may the author agree?
A. Scientists need to improve the speed to store data.
B. Commercial flight data can not be tracked and stored.
C. The black box will be replaced by other facilities soon.
D. It will take more time for air-to-ground systems to find the black box.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飞行记录仪“黑匣子”的功能和它被新技术替代的可能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A black box, known as flight recorder, is an electronic recording device placed in an aircraft to help the investigation of air accidents.(黑匣子，被称为飞行记录器，是一种安装在飞机上的电子记录设备，用于帮助调查航空事故)”可知，飞行记录仪用于帮助调查空难。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“These often-secret electronic devices were literally covered in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence the name “black box”.(这些通常是秘密的电子设备实际上被装在无反射的黑盒子或外壳中，因此得名“黑匣子”)”可知，飞行记录仪被装在无反射的黑盒子或外壳中，所以被称为“黑匣子”。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They are usually kept in the tail of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash.(它们通常被放置在飞机的尾部，在那里它们更有可能在坠机中幸存下来)”可知，飞行记录设备通常被固定在飞机的尾部，以确保其安全。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, satellite and GPS capacity and data storage speeds are all areas that are being developed by scientists to support new innovations that are faster and lighter.(然而，卫星和GPS的容量和数据存储速度都是科学家们正在开发的领域，以支持更快、更轻的新方法)”可知，现在的数据存储速度还不足以支持新的技术，所以作者可能会赞同“科学家需要提高存储数据的速度”这一说法。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Feeling a bit less balanced than before? Maybe you find yourself holding on to handrails (扶手) more when going down steps or stairs. ___16___ But how much does it matter? It turns out a lot. If your balance isn’t great, you’re more likely to fall. That can have disastrous results as we age, when bones tend to be broken easily.
___17___ A study published in the Journal of Sports Medicine last year found that people who couldn’t stand on one leg for ten seconds were nearly twice as likely to die in the next ten years. Falls could be one reason, but that’s unlikely to be the whole story. Individuals in worse health were more likely to fail the ten-second test.
There are three parts of balance. ___18___ Then the vestibular system (前庭系统) in the inner ear sends information to our brain about the movement of our head in relation to our surroundings. Thirdly, proprioception (本体感觉系统) is our body’s ability to sense its location, movement and actions.
People with ear problems that cause light-headedness, or with muscle weakness are more likely to have balance issues. ___19___ But there’s a lot more you can do yourself to improve physical strength. If you exercise, you’re ahead of the game. Otherwise, improve your balance by walking, cycling or climbing stairs. This will strengthen muscles in the lower body. ___20___
A. As we get older, our balance gets worse.
B. Working out regularly will help build up muscles.
C. Research has shown that balance is important for lifetime.
D. If you feel light-headed, see your physician to find out the cure.
E. Or simply practise balancing by doing yoga or tai chi to begin with.
F. The first is the visual system, which shows us whether we’re tipping.
G Suffering from light-headedness will result in various degrees of injury.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是平衡的重要性和改善平衡的方法。
【16题详解】
空前说“Feeling a bit less balanced than before? Maybe you find yourself holding on to handrails (扶手) more when going down steps or stairs.(感觉不像以前那么平衡了？也许你会发现自己下台阶或楼梯时更多地抓着扶手。)”，说明随着年龄增长，人不像以前那么能平衡了，A选项“As we get older, our balance gets worse.(随着年龄的增长，我们的平衡能力越来越差。)”说明了随着年龄增长，人们的平衡力会变差，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
空后说“A study published in the Journal of Sports Medicine last year found that people who couldn’t stand on one leg for ten seconds were nearly twice as likely to die in the next ten years.(去年发表在《运动医学杂志》(Journal of Sports Medicine)上的一项研究发现，在接下来的十年里，单腿站立不到十秒钟的人死亡的可能性几乎是普通人的两倍。)”，这说明平衡力和寿命有关系，C选项“Research has shown that balance is important for lifetime.(研究表明，平衡对寿命很重要。)”说明了平衡力对寿命很重要，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
空前说“There are three parts of balance.(平衡有三个部分。)”，空后说“Then the vestibular system (前庭系统) in the inner ear sends information to our brain about the movement of our head in relation to our surroundings.(然后内耳的前庭系统向我们的大脑发送有关我们的头部与周围环境的运动的信息。)”，由空前的“三个部分”和空后的Then可知，空格处应该说第一个是什么，F选项“The first is the visual system, which shows us whether we’re tipping.(第一个是视觉系统，它告诉我们是否在倾斜。)”说明了第一部分是视觉系统，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
空前说“People with ear problems that cause light-headedness, or with muscle weakness are more likely to have balance issues.(耳朵有问题的人会导致头晕，或者肌肉无力，他们更有可能出现平衡问题。)”，空格处应该说头晕了怎么办，空后说“But there’s a lot more you can do yourself to improve physical strength.(但你可以自己做更多的事情来提高体力。)”，这说明的是你自己可以为提高体力做什么，那空格处应该是向他人求助，D选项“If you feel light-headed, see your physician to find out the cure.(如果你感到头晕，去看医生，找出治疗方法。)”说明了头晕的话就找医生求助，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
空前说“Otherwise, improve your balance by walking, cycling or climbing stairs. This will strengthen muscles in the lower body.(否则，通过散步、骑自行车或爬楼梯来改善你的平衡。这将加强下半身的肌肉。)”，这说的是改善平衡的具体的锻炼，E选项“Or simply practise balancing by doing yoga or tai chi to begin with.(或者简单地通过做瑜伽或太极来练习平衡。)”说明的是提高平衡的方法，和上文内容承接，符合语境，故选E。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My husband and I were on our flight to America. The cabin was ___21___ for the films when shouts of “Wake up! Oh, help!” rang out. “Is there a doctor aboard?” No surgeon wanted to hear these words while flying, but I still ___22___ quickly.
I was out of my seat and ran to see a frightened elderly woman holding the hand of her husband, who wasn’t ___23___ to her. His head was back, ___24___ closed. I did a quick examination: colour good, no evident pain, breathing ___25___ without effort. I sat down, still ___26___ his heartbeat, and asked the woman about her husband. Luckily, he had a ___27___ medical history and took no medicine. The couple had travelled to ___28___ their 60th wedding anniversary. It had been a good holiday, she explained, but ___29___. Suddenly her husband opened his eyes, and asked, “What’s happened?” So I explained, “Your heartbeat isn’t quite right, and that may have ____30____ your unconsciousness (昏迷).”
Soon after, when I reported the whole situation to the ____31____, he asked me, “We can put the plane down in 20 minutes in Gander, or ____32____ for two hours in Toronto. What do you want me to do, doc?” “Put it down,” I replied. Although I don’t know ____33____ what resulted in the man’s trouble, the truth is, travel for ____34____ can be stressful, and there’s enormous potential for medical treatments.
Three weeks later, I received a thank-you note from the gentleman, who will ____35____ remain in good health for years to come. Seeing each patient getting well again is the best gift for a doctor.
21. A. darkened B. sharpened C. fastened D. lightened
22. A. moved B. answered C. reacted D. conducted
23. A. responding B. smiling C. whispering D. waving
24. A. fingers B. hands C. mouth D. eyes
25. A. sufficiently B. frankly C. briefly D. regularly
26. A. touching B. following C. monitoring D. attaching
27. A. clean B. horrible C. healthy D. legal
28 A. congratulate B. observe C. admire D. appreciate
29. A. relaxing B. satisfying C. tiring D. boring
30. A. caused B. worsened C. relieved D. prevented
31. A. attendant B. pilot C. passenger D. police
32. A. pull over B. hold back C. carry on D. turn around
33. A. for certain B. in short C. at least D. above all
34. A. teenagers B. children C. seniors D. adults
35. A. eagerly B. hopefully C. basically D. typically
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者是一名医生，在飞机上遇到一位晕倒的老人并积极参与检查老人状况。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了看电影，机舱里变暗了，这时听到大喊“醒醒!”A. darkened变暗；B. sharpened使尖锐；C. fastened系紧；D. lightened变轻。根据下文“for the films”和常识可知，看电影时，周围的环境需变暗。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有一个外科医生愿意在飞行中听到这些话，但我还是很快地回答了。A. moved感到；B. answered回答；C. reacted反应；D. conducted指挥。根据上文““Is there a doctor aboard?””可知，作者很快回答了飞机上是否有医生的询问。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从座位上站起来，跑过去看到一位吓坏了的老妇人握着她丈夫的手，而她丈夫没有回应她。A. responding回答；反应；B. smiling微笑；C. whispering耳语；D. waving挥动。根据上文老妇人喊“Wake up! Oh, help!”和下文“your unconsciousness (昏迷)”可知，丈夫应该是昏迷了，所以丈夫没有任何回应。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的头向后仰着，眼睛闭着。A. fingers手指；B. hands手；C. mouth嘴；D. eyes眼睛。根据上文语境“丈夫昏迷了，没有任何回应”和下文“Suddenly her husband opened his eyes”可知，眼睛是闭着的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我做了一个快速检查：颜色很好，没有明显的疼痛，呼吸有规律，不费力。A. sufficiently足够地；B. frankly坦白地；C. briefly简短地；D. regularly有规律地。根据下文“without effort”可知，老人的呼吸是有规律的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐下来，仍在监测他的心跳，然后问那个女人她丈夫的情况。A. touching接触；B. following跟随；C. monitoring监测；D. attaching 附上；系上。根据下文“his heartbeat”可知，作为医生的作者仍在监测老人的心跳。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他没有任何病史，也没有服用任何药物。A. clean空白的；B. horrible可怕的；C. healthy健康的；D. legal合法的。根据上文“Luckily”可知，幸运的是老人没有任何病史。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇此行是为了庆祝他们结婚60周年纪念日。A. congratulate祝贺；B. observe庆祝；C. admire羡慕；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“their 60th wedding anniversary”可知，这对夫妇这次旅行是为了庆祝他们结婚60周年纪念日。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，这是一个愉快的假期，但很累。A. relaxing轻松的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. tiring累人的；D. boring令人厌烦的。根据上文“It had been a good holiday”和转折词but可知，两位老人这次旅行很愉快，但也很累人的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我解释说：“你的心跳不太对，这可能导致你失去意识。” A. caused引起；导致；B. worsened恶化；C. relieved减轻；D. prevented阻止。根据上文“Your heartbeat isn’t quite right”可知，作者推断可能是老人的心跳不太对导致他失去意识。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，当我向飞行员报告整个情况时，他问我：“我们可以在20分钟内让飞机在甘德降落，或者在多伦多继续飞行两个小时。”A. attendant服务员；B. pilot飞行员；C. passenger乘客；D. police警察。根据下文“We can put the plane down in 20 minutes in Gander, or ___12___ for two hours in Toronto.”可知，作者向飞行员报告老人的身体情况。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不久之后，当我向飞行员报告整个情况时，他问我：“我们可以在20分钟内让飞机在甘德降落，或者在多伦多继续飞行两个小时。”A. pull over路边停车；B. hold back阻碍；退缩；C. carry on继续进行；D. turn around转身。根据上文“We can put the plane down in 20 minutes in Gander”可知，飞行员让作者选择在20分钟内让飞机降落，或者继续飞行两个小时。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然我不确定是什么导致了这个人的麻烦，但事实是，老年人旅行可能会有压力，而且医疗治疗的潜力很大。A. for certain肯定地；B. in short总之；C. at least至少；D. above all首先。根据上文讲作者推断可能是老人的心跳不太对导致他失去意识可知，作者不能肯定是什么导致了老人的昏迷。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我不确定是什么导致了这个人的麻烦，但事实是，老年人旅行可能会有压力，而且医疗治疗的潜力很大。A. teenagers青少年；B. children孩子；C. seniors老年人；D. adults成年人。根据上文“I was out of my seat and ran to see a frightened elderly woman holding the hand of her husband, who wasn’t ___3___ to her.”可知，作者担心老人继续飞行会再次出现问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我收到了这位先生的感谢信，希望他能在未来的岁月里保持健康。A. eagerly渴望地；B. hopefully怀着希望地；C. basically基本上；主要地；D. typically典型地。根据下文“Seeing each patient getting well again is the best gift for a doctor.”可知，作者希望老人能在未来的岁月里继续保持健康。故选B。
第II卷(共55分)
第三部分英语知识运用
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The virtual choir was the creation of Eric Whitacre, whose ___36___(origin) works became popular after graduation. After getting inspiration from a fan’s video, he created the first virtual choir,“ Lux Aurumque”, ___37___(receive) millions of online views. Since then, it ___38___(become) a worldwide phenomenon as a way to make the world a better place.
【答案】36. original
37. receiving
38. has become
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。虚拟唱诗班是Eric Whitacre的作品，他的原创作品在毕业后大受欢迎。在从一个粉丝的视频中获得灵感后，他创建了第一个虚拟合唱团“Lux Aurumque”，获得了数百万的在线观看量。从那时起，它已经成为一种世界性的现象，作为一种让世界变得更美好的方式。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虚拟唱诗班是Eric Whitacre的作品，他的原创作品在毕业后大受欢迎。修饰名词works应用形容词original，作定语。故填original。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在从一个粉丝的视频中获得灵感后，他创建了第一个虚拟合唱团“Lux Aurumque”，获得了数百万的在线观看量。分析句子结构可知receive与逻辑主语Lux Aurumque构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填receiving。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：从那时起，它已经成为一种世界性的现象，作为一种让世界变得更美好的方式。根据since then可知为现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has become。
B
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Customs of festivals are changing over time. Some may fade away, while others may be established with businesses ___39___(take)advantage of the celebrations. The development of social media have made it much easier to buy gifts on ___40___ Internet. No matter how the festivals come into being, they are all occasions ___41___ allow people to relax and enjoy life for a while.
【答案】39. taking
40. the 41. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。节日的习俗随着时间的推移而变化。社交媒体的发展使得在互联网上购买礼物变得更加容易。无论节日是如何产生的，它们都是让人们放松一下，享受一下生活的场合。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：节日的习俗随着时间的推移而变化。一些节日可能会逐渐消失，而另一些节日可能会在庆祝活动中建立起来。with的复合结构中宾语businesses和动词take之间是主动关系，是现在分词作宾语补足语。故填taking。
【40题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：社交媒体的发展使得在互联网上购买礼物变得更加容易。固定搭配：on the Internet“在网上”。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：无论节日是如何产生的，它们都是让人们放松一下，享受一下生活的场合。此处occasions是先行词，指物，在限制性定语从句中作主语，且不定代词all修饰先行词，所以定语从句由关系代词that引导。故填that。
C
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following Russia and the US, China became the third country that realized the dream ___42___(send)humans into space independently. ___43___ the high risks, scientists still believed in the importance of space exploration. ___44___(determine)to help people survive well into the future, Chinese scientists all have plans to ___45___(far)study and explore other planets like Mars and Jupiter.
【答案】42. to send
43. Despite
44. Determined
45. further
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了继俄罗斯和美国之后，中国成为第三个独立实现人类进入太空梦想的国家。尽管风险很高，科学家们仍然相信太空探索的重要性。为了帮助人类在未来更好地生存，中国科学家们都计划进一步研究和探索火星和木星等其他行星。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：继俄罗斯和美国之后，中国成为第三个独立实现人类进入太空梦想的国家。名词后用动词不定式作定语，解释dream的内容。故填to send。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管风险很高，科学家们仍然相信太空探索的重要性。根据“scientists still believed in the importance of space exploration.”可知，前后是让步关系，名词前用介词。表示“尽管”是despite，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Despite。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助人类在未来更好地生存，中国科学家们都计划进一步研究和探索火星和木星等其他行星。前后主语一致是Chinese scientists，表示“人感到”用determined，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Determined。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：为了帮助人类在未来更好地生存，中国科学家们都计划进一步研究和探索火星和木星等其他行星。修饰动词用副词，表示进一步用far的比较级further，故填further。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据汉语或者首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。(注意：请使用考试范围内六个单元的词汇答题，否则不给分)
46. With easy a________ to the Internet, we students can find updated information and communicate with our friends.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】access##ccess
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：方便上网，我们学生可以找到最新的信息，并与我们的朋友交流。根据句中“students can find updated information and communicate with our friends”可推知，学生们有使用网络的机会或权利；结合首字母提示，用名词access，作介词宾语，意为“(使用或见到的)机会，权利”。故填access。
47. It’s a c________ for us to have dumplings during the Lunar New Year. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】custom##ustom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在农历新年吃饺子是我们的习俗。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用名词custom“习俗”，可数名词，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式，作表语。故填custom。
48. Live streaming is a common ________(现象)in the media industry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】phenomenon
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：直播是媒体行业的一种普遍现象。形容词common后接名词形式。根据不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填phenomenon。
49. Students are advised to get enough sleep at night so as to be ________(精力充沛的)in the day time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生们被建议在晚上得到足够的睡眠，以便在白天精力充沛。be动词后接形容词作表语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填energetic。
50. After recovering from the heart disease, Lucy was g________ for everything that the nursing team had done for her. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】grateful##rateful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：从心脏病中恢复过来后，露西非常感激护理团队为她所做的一切。根据句意，露西对护理团队非常感激，结合首字母，用形容词grateful作表语；be grateful for...“对……心存感激”。故填grateful。
51. Many studies have shown that outgoing, active teenagers t________ to be popular with their classmates. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】tend##end
【解析】
【详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：许多研究表明，外向、活跃的青少年往往在同学中很受欢迎。固定搭配：tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语；该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且句子主语是复数名词teenagers，再结合首字母可知，动词tend“倾向于”符合题意。故填tend。
52. Time is so p________ that we can’t afford to waste it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】precious##recious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。此处应用形容词precious作表语，表示“珍贵的”，故填precious。
53. The athletes ________(代表) each class brought glory after heated competition. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】representing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在激烈的比赛后，代表每个班级的运动员都带来了荣耀。“代表”用动词represent表示，在句中作后置定语，修饰名词athletes，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语athletes之间是主动关系，用现在分词representing。故填representing。
54. The government has been promoting new energy ________(交通工具) as a way to ease pressure on the environment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】vehicles
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府一直在推广新能源汽车，作为缓解环境压力的一种方式。结合句意和汉语提示，用可数名词vehicle构成名词词组energy vehicle，作宾语，意为“新能源车”，句中用复数形式表示类别，泛指。故填vehicles。
55. Most of the class failed the exercise as it was ________(超出) their abilities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】beyond
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个班大多数人都没有通过，因为这超出了他们的能力范围。根据句意和汉语提示，应使用介词beyond构成介词短语beyond their abilities，作表语，意为“超出了他们的能力范围”；beyond one's ability“超出某人的能力范围”。故填beyond。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一片完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One morning, Ann found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked her neighbors around if they were the owner. It turned out that nobody in the neighborhood knew this dog, let alone claimed it.
Ann took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers(传单), and put them in mailboxes. She went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, but she warned her two sons not to fall in love with the dog for they would find its owner. At the time, Ann’s son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old.
Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley. Jack had been walking Riley every morning around the neighborhood. In the meantime, Thomas managed to gain the right to feed Riley. It was the first thing after school. The three of them became inseparable.
When she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys’ room where Ann found Jack suffering from a heart attack. Riley ran over to Jack, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent. The ambulance arrived in time to save Jack’s life.
“If it hadn’t come to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died,” Ann reported to a local newspaper. At this point, no one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day, Ann received a call from a man called Peter.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peter drove to Ann’s house to pick up his dog.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next day, Ann received a call from a man called Peter. He said he had hardly recognized his lost dog when he saw the flyer, so he called the number on the flyer. Hearing this, Ann started crying, and told him, “My son had a heart operation not long ago, and one day, he suffered a heart attack. It was the dog that saved my son.”
Peter drove to Ann’s house to pick up his dog. He saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window. The dog was very happy to see his owner again and dashed to him in no time. After a few moments, Peter was moved and finally said, “Maybe Odie, now it is Riley, was supposed to find you; maybe you should keep it. And I can come to see him at times.” Hearing this, everybody was wild with joy, and the dog wagged his tail, too.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ann捡到了一只走失的小狗，帮忙寻找主人，还让两个儿子不要喜欢上这只狗，因为他们无力抚养。结果这只狗救了儿子Jack，正当他们准备收养这只狗时，狗的主人却找来了。最终主人选择让Ann一家抚养这只狗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上Ann 接到一个叫Peter的人的电话。”可知，第一段可描写Peter看到传单上的狗并认出这是他丢失的狗。Ann告诉他这只狗在之前救了她儿子一命。
②由第二段首句内容“Peter 开车去Ann家接他的狗。”可知，第二段可描写在Ann的家里，Peter看到Ann的两个儿子对狗的喜爱后，最后决定把狗留在Ann的家里。
2.续写线索：
打电话——告诉事实——开车去Ann家接狗——见到主人后狗的开心——Peter做出决定——现场全体人感到开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打电话：call/phone
②开始：start/begin
③哭泣：cry/weep/sob
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/pleased/delighted/pleasant
②感动的：be moved /be touched
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was the dog that saved my son.（运用了强调句型）
[高分句型2]Hearing this, everybody was wild with joy, and the dog wagged his tail, too.（运用了现在分词作状语）