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2022-2023学年重庆市巴蜀中学校高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市巴蜀中学校高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共33页。
高2025届高一(下)期中考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What gift will the woman probably get for Mary?
A. A schoolbag. B. A CD. C. A movie ticket.
2. What is the man doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Enjoying a party. C. Looking for his clothes.
3. What does the man mainly do in his spare time?
A. He plays sports. B. He plays the piano. C. He learns a language.
4. Which flavor is the most popular?
A. Strawberry. B. Chocolate. C. Lemon.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A movie they just saw. B. A favorite actor. C. Weekend plans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Former classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Old teammates.
7. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What caused the woman’s problem?
A. She’s been studying late into the night.
B. She feels nervous about her classes.
C. She cannot sleep at night.
9. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Take some medicine. B. Get more fresh air. C. Get more sleep.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When did the library open?
A. Last week. B. Yesterday. C. The day before yesterday.
11. What is true about the library?
A. It’s tall. B. It’s very modern. C. The computer lab is on the second floor.
12. Why didn’t the man sign up for a library card?
A. He didn’t have enough money.
B. He didn’t take his student card.
C. The library was far away from his home.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What time does the bus usually come?
A. At 8:00. B. At 8:15. C. At 9:15.
14. What did the woman do in the library?
A. She finished her school project.
B. She borrowed a book on kings and queens.
C. She searched for some books but got nothing.
15. Where was the woman at 3:00 p. m. ?
A. At home. B. On a bus. C. In a bookstore.
16. Why did it take the woman a long time to get home?
A. She walked all the way.
B. The bus broke down halfway.
C. She went to a bookstore on the way.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why can’t the speaker go to work today?
A. Her son is sick. B. She isn’t feeling well. C. She has to go to her son’s school.
18. What does the speaker ask Raman to do?
A. Order lunch for ten people.
B. Get in touch with the trainer.
C. Book a meeting room.
19. What is the relationship between the speaker and Raman?
A. Boss and secretary. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Partners.
20. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the office. B. On the phone. C. In a coffee shop.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
St Patrick’s Day: All you need to know about your local parades
Thousands of people will crowd around cities, towns, and villages all over the country on Friday for the annual St Patrick’s Day festivities.
Cork
Cork City’s St Patrick’s Day parade will start at 1 pm, with the event also live-streamed from 12:45 pm for those unable to be there in person. Featuring Cork’s long-established bands and hundreds of sports and dance groups, the parade will also have a special multi-cultural focus, in the form of the migrant support group Together Razem.
Limerick
A huge turnout is expected in Limerick on Friday to watch the parade which kicks off at midday from O’Connell’s St. Serving as Grand Marshall is Limerick native and star of D’Unbelievables and the Oscar-nominated The Banshees of Inisherin, Jon Kenny, who is looking forward to his “starring role” in this year’s celebrations.
Waterford
Following the success of last year’s first-ever three-day festival, Waterford City is hoping to top the 2022 celebrations. The fun kicks off with live music in the Cultural Quarter on Thursday night. On Friday, the parade will set off from the Quays at 1 pm, led by Grand Marshall, boxing champion Kelyn Cassidy. The rest of the weekend will be filled with more music, workshops, and dancing, and there will be a fairground for the kids to enjoy.
Clare
Beginning at 11 am from Clare County Council’s headquarters, the parade in Ennis will celebrate the commitment of Clare’s sporting heroes to their local communities. The parade’s hosts are former president of Ennis Rugby (英式橄榄球) Club Jimmy O’Brien, Barefield athlete PJ Purcell, and great-grandniece of Kilnamona boxer Michael McTigue, Aisling Rynne.
1. Where are parents with kids most likely to go?
A. Cork. B. Limerick. C. Waterford. D. Clare.
2. What can you do in Clare’s parade?
A. Play rugby games. B. Enjoy live music.
C. Meet sports athletes. D. Watch boxing matches.
3. What is the text intended to do?
A. To introduce local activities. B. To present city legends.
C. To promote sports products. D. To hire parade organizers.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个城市庆祝St Patrick’s Day的活动内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Waterford部分中“and there will be a fairground for the kids to enjoy(还会有一个露天游乐场供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Waterford小孩子可以在露天游乐场玩，所以带孩子的父母会选择Waterford，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Clare部分的最后一句话“The parade’s hosts are former president of Ennis Rugby (英式橄榄球) Club Jimmy O’Brien, Barefield athlete PJ Purcell, and great-grandniece of Kilnamona boxer Michael McTigue, Aisling Rynne.(游行的主持人是恩尼斯橄榄球俱乐部的前主席Jimmy O’Brien，Barefield的运动员PJ Purcell，以及基尔纳莫纳拳击手Michael McTigue的曾孙女Aisling Rynne)”可知，在Clare的游行中可以见到运动员，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Thousands of people will crowd around cities, towns, and villages all over the country on Friday for the annual St Patrick’s Day festivities.(周五，成千上万的人将聚集在全国各地的城镇和村庄，参加一年一度的St Patrick’s Day庆祝活动)”可知，文章介绍了四个城市庆祝St Patrick’s Day的活动内容，因此写作目的应为介绍当地活动，故选A。
B
Paul Wittgenstein had been born into an upper-class Austrian family on November 5, 1887. He grew up in a mansion full of activity and music. His great-uncle, Josef Joachim, was a famous violinist, and as a youth, Paul often accompanied him on the piano. He also studied with Teodor Leschetizky, who had taught many great pianists.
Music critics (评论家) had predicted an admirable future for Paul Wittgenstein as a concert pianist, but that was before he was forced into the Austrian Army near the beginning of World War I. In August of 1914, a bullet broke his right arm and the doctor amputated it.
It seemed Paul’s dream of being a concert pianist was over. At first, the thought of playing the piano with one hand seemed a cruel joke. After further reflection, he thought, why not? His depression turned to determination, and he decided that his missing right arm wouldn’t end his music career.
Near the end of World War I, Paul gave his first left-handed piano recital (演奏会). The critics were surprised. His playing had improved, they said, despite his missing arm. Paul’s strong determination to play concert music inspired great composers to create works intended for the left hand. They were touched by his courage and excited by the challenge of writing music for a one-handed pianist. Paul performed their compositions throughout Europe.
When it was over, the audience rose for a standing applause and cheered wildly. They recognized that a master composer had written a masterpiece for a master artist. A few weeks later in Monte Carlo, Paul again performed the concerto, and again he received high praise.
The Concerto for the Left Hand, which Maurice Ravel wrote for Paul, has become part of musical history. Great pianists everywhere perform it. But it’s more than wonderful music — it is also a monument (见证) to the courage and persistence of a man who could have given up because of his injury, but didn’t.
4. Why did the critics think Paul had an admirable future?
A. He was born in a noble family. B. He had access to music learning.
C. He often held musical activities. D. He made his relatives musicians.
5. What does the underlined word “amputate” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Cut off. B. Attend to. C. Take up. D. Fit in.
6. Which of the following can best describe Paul?
A. Active and modest. B. Brave and determined.
C. Hardworking and honest. D. Patient and humorous.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Musical Masterpiece. B. Music Craze in Austria.
C. Back from The War. D. With Just One Hand.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文介绍了Paul Wittgenstein在一只手臂截肢情况下仍坚持不懈地练习钢琴，最终成为钢琴大师的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Paul Wittgenstein had been born into an upper-class Austrian family on November 5,1887. He grew up in a mansion full of activity and music. His great-uncle, Josef Joachim, was a famous violinist, and as a youth, Paul often accompanied him on the piano. He also studied with Teodor Leschetizky, who had taught many great pianists.(1887年11月5日，Paul Wittgenstein出生在奥地利的一个上流社会家庭。他在一个充满活力和音乐的豪宅里长大。他的叔祖父Josef Joachim是一位著名的小提琴家，年轻时，Paul经常用钢琴为他伴奏。他还师从教过许多伟大的钢琴家的Teodor Leschetizky)”可知，Paul出生在一个充满音乐的上层阶级家庭，有音乐家亲戚和教出了很多音乐家的老师教导他学习音乐和钢琴，因此他有各种学习音乐的途径，评论家门预测他前途光明，故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“At first, the thought of playing the piano with one hand seemed a cruel joke.(起初，单手弹钢琴的想法似乎是一个残酷的笑话)”可知，Paul只有一只手臂了，由此可推测出医生切掉了他受伤的手臂，amputate意为“切掉”，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“His depression turned to determination, and he decided that his missing right arm wouldn’t end his music career.(他的沮丧变成了决心，他决定失去右臂不会结束他的音乐生涯)”以及第四段中“Paul’s strong determination to play concert music inspired great composers to create works intended for the left hand. They were touched by his courage and excited by the challenge of writing music for a one-handed pianist.(Paul演奏音乐会音乐的坚定决心激发了伟大的作曲家创作左手作品。他们被他的勇气所感动，为一个单手钢琴家创作音乐的挑战而兴奋)”可知，Paul在失去一只手臂的情况下，勇敢面对困难，坚定决心，坚持不懈练习钢琴追求理想，因此应该用“勇敢”和“意志坚定”来形容他。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍了主人公在失去一只手臂后坚持不懈成为若名钢琴家的故事，一只手臂为贯穿全文的线索，故选D。
C
Long before the pandemic(疫情), many adults turned to toys from Legos to collectible items to tap into their inner childhood for comfort. But all the stresses from the health problems stimulated(刺激)and strengthened the trend, according to Jim Silver, editor-in-chief of a toy review site.
This so-called “kid-adult” market is significant. Ages 18 and older represented 14% of U. S. toy industry sales, or $5. 7 billion in 2022. It grew 19% compared with that in 2021, according to the NPD Group Inc. , a market research firm. This group also enjoyed the second-fastest increase after customers aged 12 to 17.
Last year, Build-a-Bear launched a website called Bear Cave for the 18-year-old and over, highlighting items like toy rabbits holding a bottle of wine. And Basic Fun took a high-tech on the traditional Lite Brite toy from the 1960s and recreated it as wall art with thousands of pegs and 45 LED lights aimed at the adults in time for the holidays-with a $99 price tag. McDonald’s tapped into this group, releasing adult Happy Meals in October with toys designed by the fashion brand Cactus Plant Flea Market.
Loren Brereton,61,was recently visiting the American Girl store with her granddaughter Alana,7. She said that during the pandemic, she took comfort looking at her own daughter’s dolls. She also pulled out some of her son’s Lego’s and other toys and played with them. And she was thinking of buying a few playthings for herself. “All of those games have brought me comfort when I was a kid, but, you know, sort of changed you at different times when you needed it,”she said. “And you needed it. ”
“The pandemic certainly served as a stimulus for this trend as adults found themselves stuck at home with nothing else to do with a lot of time in their hands,”said Genevieve Cruz, senior director at Lego, “But we do believe that the trend goes beyond the pandemic. ”
8. What do we know about the U. S. toy industry?
A. It drew more adults than teenagers. B. It used to be no attraction to adults.
C. It saw a big growth in adult market. D. It brought customers health problems.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Adult toys gradually took over the toy industry.
B. Adults had easy access to toys intended for adults.
C. Many companies launched products targeted at adults.
D. Some companies producing adult toys were established.
10. What do toys bring Loren Brereton?
A. Inspiration. B. Satisfaction. C. Regret. D. Comfort.
11. Which of the following will Jim Silver and Genevieve Cruz both agree with?
A. Adults are the main target of the toy industry.
B. Adult toys won’t be popular after the pandemic.
C. Health problems created the craze for adult toys.
D. The pandemic worked as a stimulus to adult toys.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了疫情推动成年人玩具市场在疫情后的增长及其原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ages 18 and older represented 14% of U. S. toy industry sales, or $5. 7 billion in 2022. It grew 19% compared with that in 2021, according to the NPD Group Inc. , a market research firm.(年龄在18岁及以上的人占美国玩具行业销售额的14%，即5美元。到2022年将达到70亿美元。根据市场研究公司NPD Group Inc.的数据，与2021年相比，这一数字增长了19%。)”可知，2022年成年人玩具销售额比前一年增长19%，增速排在第二。由此可见其增长巨大。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Last year, Build-a-Bear launched a website called Bear Cave for the 18-year-old and over, highlighting items like toy rabbits holding a bottle of wine. And Basic Fun took a high-tech on the traditional Lite Brite toy from the 1960s and recreated it as wall art with thousands of pegs and 45 LED lights aimed at the adults in time for the holidays-with a $99 price tag. McDonald’s tapped into this group, releasing adult Happy Meals in October with toys designed by the fashion brand Cactus Plant Flea Market.(去年，Build-a-Bear为18岁及以上的人推出了一个名为Bear Cave的网站，突出展示了举着一瓶葡萄酒的玩具兔子等项目。Basic Fun在20世纪60年代的传统Lite Brite玩具上采用了高科技，用数千个挂钩和45个LED灯将其重新制作成墙上的艺术品，目标是赶上假期的成年人，价格为99美元。McDonald利用了这一群体，在10月份推出了成人开心乐园餐，里面有由时尚品牌Cactus Plant Flea Market设计的玩具。)”可知，Build-a-Bear、Basic Fun以及McDonald等多家大公司都上市了针对成年人的产品，由此可知，本段讲述的是一些大公司发布的一些针对成年人的产品。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句““All of those games have brought me comfort when I was a kid, but, you know, sort of changed you at different times when you needed it,”she said. “And you needed it. ”(“当我还是个孩子的时候，所有这些游戏都给我带来了安慰，但是，你知道，在不同的时候，当你需要它的时候，它会改变你，”她说。“你需要它。”)”可知Loren Brereton可以从玩具中获得安慰，而且现在需要这种安慰。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But all the stresses from the health problems stimulated (刺激) and strengthened the trend, according to Jim Silver, editor-in-chief of a toy review site.(但一家玩具评论网站的主编吉姆•西尔弗说，健康问题带来的压力刺激并加强了这一趋势。)”可知，Jim Silver认为疫情带来的健康问题给人们极大压力，刺激和加强了成年人从玩具中寻求安慰的趋势，再根据最后一段““The pandemic certainly served as a stimulus for this trend as adults found themselves stuck at home with nothing else to do with a lot of time in their hands,”said Genevieve Cruz, senior director at Lego, “But we do believe that the trend goes beyond the pandemic. ”(乐高高级主管吉纳维芙·克鲁兹说:“疫情肯定是这种趋势的刺激因素，因为成年人发现自己被困在家里，没有其他事情可做，手里有很多时间。但我们确实认为，这种趋势超越了疫情。”。)”可知，Genevieve Cruz认为疫情是这种趋势的促进因素。由此可知，他们都赞成的是疫情是促使着这种趋势的发展。故选D项。
D
If you hold up a seashell to your ear, you will hear the sea, no matter how far inland you currently are. In fact, it is not the case. So, what’s actually going on here?
One popular explanation is that you are listening to your own blood coursing through you. Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water. “Press your ear to a shell and listen, then run around on the beach for a few minutes to increase the blood flow all through your body, and again listen to your magic shell,” Kruszelnicki wrote. “You’ll find that the loudness of the ‘sound of the sea is still the same’.”
If we truly were hearing the sound of our blood rushing through our bodies, that wouldn’t be the case: exercising makes your blood pressure rise, which would thus increase the supposed sounds being “reflected” by the shell. The fact that we don’t hear a difference before and after exercise, therefore, makes quite an evident statement.
There’s another idea that the “sea” you can hear in a shell is actually air-air flowing through the shell and out again, which creates the noise. “In a soundproof room, you won’t hear anything from a shell,” confirmed Andrew King, director of the University of Oxford’s Centre for Integrative Neuroscience. “Background noise must be present.” That’s the biggest clue as to what’s really going on here: the sounds we hear “inside” seashells are not coming from inside our bodies, but rather around them.
“You are hearing surrounding or background noise that has been increased in amplitude (振幅) by the physical characteristic of the seashell,” King explained, “the specific sounds we hear within a shell depend on the exact shape of itself-the hard, curved surfaces inside the shell cause the sound waves that enter to bounce around, increasing some frequencies while reducing others.”
Seashells may be the most poetic of ways to experience this resonance (共振), but they’re definitely not the only method - pretty much any convex (凹面的) surface will do.
12. What is the author’s attitude toward the blood theory in paragraph 2?
A. Opposing. B. Supportive. C. Defensive. D. Unconcerned.
13. What can we infer from Andrew King’s words?
A. Background noise can be heard in a soundproof room.
B. The sound from seashells is the changed noise around you.
C. The shape of seashells can help produce the same sea sound.
D. Sound waves can bounce around to increase them in your ears.
14. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why you can hear the sea from a seashell.
B. How people explore the secret of seashells.
C. Why popular beliefs sometimes prove wrong.
D. How scientists produce a sound as a seashell does.
15. What do you think the author will mention next?
A. Different types of seashells. B. Causes of the sea sound.
C. The sound in soundproof rooms. D. Ways to set off resonance.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们从海螺中听到大海的声音的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。从第二段中的“Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water.“Press your ear to a shell and listen, then run around on the beach for a few minutes to increase the blood flow all through your body, and again listen to your magic shell,” Kruszelnicki wrote. “You’ll find that the loudness of the “sound of the sea ‘is still the same. ”(尽管这种血液理论很受欢迎，但它站不住脚。Kruszelnicki写道：“把你的耳朵贴在贝壳上听，然后在海滩上跑几分钟，增加全身的血液流量，然后再听你神奇的贝壳。”你会发现“大海之声”的响度还是一样的)”可知，人们运动之后听到的声音没有改变，所以blood theory是不成立的。由此推知，作者对“血液理论”持反对态度。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““You are hearing surrounding or background noise that has been increased in amplitude(振幅)by the physical characteristic of the seashell,” King explained, “the specific sounds we hear within a shell depend on the exact shape of itself-the hard, curved surfaces inside the shell cause the sound waves that enter to bounce around, increasing some frequencies while reducing others.”(“你听到的周围或背景噪音的振幅由于贝壳的物理特性而增加了，”King解释说，“我们在贝壳内听到的特定声音取决于它本身的确切形状——贝壳内坚硬的、弯曲的表面导致声波进入周围反弹，一些频率增加，另一些频率降低。”)”可知，从贝克里听到的声音其实是周围的声音在贝壳内部曲面反弹，因此加强了它的振幅，因此这种声音其实就是周围被贝壳增大振幅后的声音。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“If you hold up a seashell to your ear, you will hear the sea, no matter how far inland you currently are. In fact, it is not the case. So, what’s actually going on here?(如果你把一个贝壳举到耳边，你就会听到大海的声音，不管你现在在内陆有多远。事实上，事实并非如此。那么，这里到底发生了什么?)”可知，本段通过提问的形式引出本文的话题，根据第二段中的“One popular explanation is that you are listening to your own blood coursing through you. Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water.(一种常见的解释是，你在听自己的血液在你体内流动。虽然这种血液理论很流行，但它站不住脚)”以及第四段中的“There’s another idea that the “sea” you can hear in a shell is actually air-air flowing through the shell and out again, which creates the noise.(还有一种观点认为，你在贝壳里听到的“海”实际上是空气——空气穿过贝壳又流出来，这就产生了噪音)”可知，全文解释从海贝壳听到大海的音的原因。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Seashells may be the most poetic of ways to experience this resonance(共振), but they’re definitely not the only method - pretty much any convex (凹面的) surface will do.(贝壳可能是体验这种共鸣的最诗意的方式，但它们绝对不是唯一的方法——几乎任何凸面都可以)”推知，接下来应该提到能产生共振的其他方式。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How can we get rid of procrastination (拖延症)
Procrastination is a common challenge that many people face. ___16___ However, there are practical methods which help people beat the bad habit.
It is helpful to understand exactly why you’ve been procrastinating a specific task. Are you afraid of something? ___17___ Fill in the sentence: “I’m avoiding this task because I’m afraid that… ”And see what shows up. Identifying your fears can help you realize the monsters in the closet aren’t as bad as you think.
Sometimes people put way too much on their To Do list. One way to stop procrastinating something is to decide you’re never going to do it. What can you take off your To Do list? Try crossing something off your list simply because you realize you don’t really need to do that thing ever. ___18___
Experts highly recommend A Power Hour, which consists of putting away all distractions and working in a concentrated period of time. ___19___ Science has discovered that our brain naturally goes through cycles with peaks (高峰) and valleys. To maximize your output, it is vital that you honor these peaks and valleys by balancing focused time with relaxation.
___20___ After completing a task or meeting a deadline, reward yourself with something you enjoy. Research shows the human brain responds to reward stimulus and this can be a good way to create habits.
This guide gives suggestions on stopping procrastinating; now, it’s up to you to use them.
A. Give yourself permission to let it go.
B. Rewards provide motivation and a sense of achievement.
C. Procrastination only occurs when tasks appear confusing.
D. Maybe you feel overcome by it and don’t know where to start.
E. It can prevent success in the long run and is not easy to overcome.
F. Effective ways to cure people of the habit are easy to get from the Internet.
G. Short rest is necessary in this period in order to make best use of your brain and body.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，简要陈述了拖延症是什么，并给出了改善拖延症的几点建议。
【16题详解】
空前“Procrastination is a common challenge that many people face.(拖延症是许多人面临的共同挑战。)”提到拖延症是一个大家都面临的挑战，而空格后一句“However, there are practical methods which help people beat the bad habit.(然而，有一些实用的方法可以帮助人们克服这个坏习惯。)”中“however”直接进行逻辑上的让步转折，引出有实用性的措施这一观点。该空需要承接上文，具体阐释拖延症的危害，从而引出下文“措施”，E选项“It can prevent success in the long run and is not easy to overcome.(从长远来看，它会阻碍成功，而且不容易克服。)”说明了拖延症的危害，引出接下来要说的措施，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
空格前提出问题“Are you afraid of something?(你害怕什么吗？)”，空格后“Fill in the sentence: “I’m avoiding this task because I’m afraid that… ”And see what shows up. Identifying your fears can help you realize the monsters in the closet aren’t as bad as you think.(填空这个句子:“我在回避这项任务，因为我害怕……”然后看看出现了什么。认清自己的恐惧可以帮助你意识到衣橱里的怪物并不像你想象的那么糟糕。)”提出解决方案。而空格处应该对提出的问题进行可能性回答，然后才再提出解决建议，D选项“Maybe you feel overcome by it and don’t know where to start.(也许你觉得被它征服了，不知道从哪里开始。)”是害怕的某个内容，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
空前说“Try crossing something off your list simply because you realize you don’t really need to do that thing ever.(试着从你的清单上划掉一些事情，因为你意识到你根本不需要做那些事情。)”，说明要把一些东西去掉，A选项“Give yourself permission to let it go.(允许自己放手。)”说明了要让自己把一些东西去掉，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
空前说“Experts highly recommend A Power Hour, which consists of putting away all distractions and working in a concentrated period of time.(专家们强烈推荐“精力充沛的一小时”，它包括抛开所有分心的事情，集中精力工作。)”，空后说“Science has discovered that our brain naturally goes through cycles with peaks (高峰) and valleys. To maximize your output, it is vital that you honor these peaks and valleys by balancing focused time with relaxation.(科学发现，我们的大脑自然会经历高峰和低谷的循环。为了最大限度地提高你的工作效率，你必须尊重这些高峰和低谷，在集中精力和放松之间取得平衡。)”，说明了在专心工作的同时还要注意放松，而放松也就是休息，G选项“Short rest is necessary in this period in order to make best use of your brain and body.(为了充分利用你的大脑和身体，在这个时期短暂的休息是必要的。)”说明了工作的同时还要注意休息，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
空后说“After completing a task or meeting a deadline, reward yourself with something you enjoy.(在完成一项任务或达到最后期限后，用你喜欢的东西奖励自己。)”，说明了要奖励自己，空格处应该说明奖励的好处，B选项“Rewards provide motivation and a sense of achievement.(奖励提供动力和成就感。)”说明了奖励的好处，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
British couple John and Sarah had always been kind. They believed in making a ___21___ to someone’s life, especially those in need. One day, they ___22___ a heartbreaking news article about a 3-year-old boy Ahmed from Syria who had lost his family in the ongoing battles.
Without a second thought, John and Sarah ___23___ decided to adopt Ahmed and give him a new start in life. When they first met Ahmed, he was quiet and ___24___ , having spent most of his young life in a refugee camp (难民营). It took time for him to ___25___ to John and Sarah, but they were patient and kind with him, communicating their love and care through ___26___ and affection.
___27___ the difficulty in their communication, John and Sarah were determined to help Ahmed ___28___ from his emotional damage. They took him to a doctor and taught him coping mechanisms (应对机制) to ___29___ his anxiety. They made sure Ahmed felt safe and ___30___ in their home, providing him with a comfortable bed and his favorite toys.
It wasn’t easy, but with time, Ahmed stopped waking up screaming at night, nor did he ___31___ with fear when hearing loud noises. He began to trust the couple and respond to their ___32___ . Smiles reappeared on his face, a sign that he was slowly healing from the inner trauma (创伤) he had ___33___.
Today, Ahmed is a happy and healthy child, thanks to the love and care of John and Sarah. The couple has been ___34___ by Ahmed just as much as they have helped him. Seeing Ahmed grow in their care brings them ___35___ joy and satisfaction. For John and Sarah, adopting Ahmed was one of the best decisions they ever made.
21. A. bet B. difference C. choice D. chance
22. A. came across B. gave away C. passed on D. made up
23. A. normally B. hardly C. usually D. immediately
24. A. shy B. lively C. adventurous D. creative
25. A. lead B. contribute C. object D. warm
26. A. texts B. letters C. gestures D. notes
27. A. Among B. Except C. Despite D. Beside
28. A. recover B. remove C. suffer D. rise
29. A. create B. encourage C. increase D. reduce
30. A. weak B. proud C. upset D. secure
31. A. smile B. wave C. shake D. hold
32. A. question B. affection C. music D. attack
33. A. experienced B. accepted C. gained D. passed
34. A. stressed B. enriched C. complained D. awarded
35. A. little B. great C. secret D. holiday
【答案】21 B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英国夫妻John和Sarah领养叙利亚战争孤儿Ahmed并帮助他治疗战争创伤的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们相信要改变别人的生活，尤其是那些需要帮助的人。A. bet下注；B. difference不同； C. choice选择；D. chance机会。根据下一段的“decided to adopt Ahmed and give him a new start in life”可知，此处表示他们相信要改变别人的生活，make a difference意为“给……带来不同”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，他们看到一篇令人心碎的新闻报道，关于一个来自叙利亚的3岁男孩Ahmed，他在持续的战斗中失去了家人。A. came across偶然发现；B. gave away赠送；C. passed on传递；D. made up编造。根据下文“a heartbreaking news article”可知，他们是看到一篇令人心碎的新闻报道，空格处用came across。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：John和Sarah毫不犹豫地立刻决定收养Ahmed，给他一个新的生活开始。A. normally通常；B. hardly几乎不；C. usually通常；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“Without a second thought”可知，John和Sarah毫不犹豫地立刻决定收养Ahmed。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们第一次见到Ahmed时，他很安静，很害羞，因为他年轻时大部分时间都在难民营度过。A. shy害羞的；B. lively活泼的，生气勃勃的；C. adventurous爱冒险的；D. creative有创造力的。根据下文“difficulty in their communication”可知，Ahmed不怎么和他们交流，所以推测他害羞。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感，但他们对他很耐心、很友善，通过手势和感情来表达他们的爱和关心。A. lead带领；B. contribute贡献；C. object反对；D. warm（对某人） 产生好感。根据下一段的“He began to trust the couple”可知，此处表示“他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感”。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感，但他们对他很耐心、很友善，通过手势和感情来表达他们的爱和关心。A. texts文章；B. letters字母；C. gestures手势；D. notes笔记。根据下文“difficulty in their communication”可知，他们交流有困难，所以他们通过手势表达爱和关心。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。A. Among在……之中；B. Except除了；C. Despite尽管；D. Beside在……旁边。根据下文“the difficulty in their communication, John and Sarah were determined to help Ahmed”可知，尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。A. recover恢复；B. remove去除；C. suffer遭受；D. rise上升。根据下文“from his emotional damage”可知，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们带他去看医生，教他减轻焦虑的应对机制。A. create创造；B. encourage鼓励；C. increase增加；D. reduce减少。根据下文“They took him to a doctor and taught him coping mechanisms”可知，他们带他去看医生是为了减轻他的焦虑。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们确保Ahmed在家里感到安全，为他提供舒适的床和他最喜欢的玩具。A. weak虚弱的；B. proud骄傲的；C. upset不安的；D. secure安全的。根据上文“felt safe and”可知，他们确保Ahmed在家里感到安全。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但随着时间的推移，Ahmed不再在夜里尖叫着醒来，也不会因为听到巨大的噪音而害怕得发抖。A. smile微笑；B. wave挥手；C. shake发抖；D. hold持有。根据下文“with fear when hearing loud noises”可知，Ahmed不会因为听到巨大的噪音而害怕得发抖。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始信任这对夫妇，并对他们的感情做出回应。A. question问题；B. affection感情；C. music音乐；D. attack攻击。根据上文“communicating their love and care through ___6___ and affection”可知，他开始信任这对夫妇，并对他们的感情做出回应。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑容重新出现在他的脸上，这表明他正在慢慢从内心的创伤中恢复过来。A. experienced经历；B. accepted接受；C. gained获得；D. passed通过。根据上文“the inner trauma (创伤) he had”可知，此处表示他所经历的创伤。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇在帮助Ahmed的同时，也让自己更充实。A. stressed强调；B. enriched使充实；C. complained抱怨；D. awarded授予。根据下文“brings them ___15___ joy and satisfaction”可知，这对夫妇在帮助Ahmed的同时，也让自己更充实。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：看到Ahmed在他们的照顾下成长，他们感到非常高兴和满足。A. little小的；B. great极大的；C. secret秘密；D. holiday假期。根据下文“adopting Ahmed was one of the best decisions they ever made”可知，他们认为收养Ahmed是最好的决定，所以看到Ahmed在他们的照顾下成长，他们感到非常高兴和满足，空格处意为“极大的”。故选B。
第二节 单项填空(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
36. The professor is trying to create an easy atmosphere ___________ his students enjoy their study.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：教授正努力营造一种轻松的氛围，让学生们享受学习的乐趣。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是atmosphere，表示抽象的地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选C。
37. Occasions are quite rare___________ I can spend a whole week with my family during the Chinese New Year Holiday.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国新年期间，我很少有机会和家人共度一周时间。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，先行词与定语从句被分隔，先行词是occasion，意为“时刻”表示时间，代替它充当从句时间状语，所以使用关系副词when。故选D项。
38. Most colleges now offer freshmen a course specially___________ to help them make career plans in advance.
A. designed B. designing C. to design D. being designed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学为新生开设一门专门帮助他们提前制定职业规划的课程。分析句子结构可知design与逻辑主语course构成被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，故选A。
39. The school library has recently expanded its area, ___________ more students to study there.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校图书馆最近扩大了它的面积，允许更多的学生在那里学习。分析句子结构可知allow与逻辑主语The school library has recently expanded its area构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语，故选B。
40. The harmful effects, ___________, vary considerably from person to person.
A. if ever B. if any C. if not D. if so
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：有害影响，如果有的话，很大程度上因人而异。A. if ever如果曾经；B. if any如果有的话；C. if not如果不是；D. if so如果这样的话。此处指如果存在有害影响的话，句型if any=if there is any effect。故选B。
41. All the passengers should remain___________ in the flight taxiing, taking off and landing phases.
A. sit B. seated C. sat D. seating
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有乘客应在飞机滑行、起飞和降落阶段保持座位。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作表语，sit为不及物动词，与句子主语只能为主动关系，通常使用现在分词形式；seat与句子主语All the passengers之间为被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式，由此可知，此处应为seated意为“就坐”符合句意。故选B项。
42. Although the printer didn’t work yesterday, you can use it now as it___________
A. would be fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. has been fixed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：虽然昨天打印机坏了，但你现在可以用了，因为它已经修好了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意，此处表示“昨天不能使用，今天能用了”，由此说明打印机已经修好了，此处表示fix对现在造成的影响，所以使用现在完成时，且fix与句子主语之间为被动关系，句子主语为第三人称单数，所以应为has been fixed。故选D项。
43. People in the south live on rice. ___________, they eat a great deal of fruit.
A. In addition B. In contrast C. In conclusion D. In brief
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果。A. In addition此外；B. In contrast相反；C. In conclusion总之；D. In brief简要地。由“People in the south live on rice”和“they eat a great deal of fruit”可知，句子表示“南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果”，空格处意为“此外”，用in addition表示补充说明。故选A。
44. The car___________ next to a passenger bus, killing at least eight people and injuring dozens of others.
A. went away B. went off C. went up D. went out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这辆汽车在一辆客车旁边爆炸，造成至少8人死亡，数十人受伤。A. went away离开；B. went off爆炸；C. went up（价格、数量）上涨；D. went out出去。根据“killing at least eight people and injuring dozens of others”可知，此处指汽车在客车旁爆炸产生了巨大的伤亡。故选B。
45. After an argument with local people, some scholars from University of Oxford___________ to found a new university which is now referred to as University of Cambridge.
A. broke away B. broke down C. broke off D. broke in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：牛津大学的一些学者在与当地人发生争执后，脱离了牛津大学，成立了一所新大学，就是现在的剑桥大学。A. broke away脱离；B. broke down出故障；C. broke off停顿，中断；D. broke in闯入。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句意，此处表示“脱离”应为break away，结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以应使用一般过去时态，与句子主语some scholars之间为主动关系。故选A项。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The name “Shangri-La” comes from James Hilton’s popular novel, Lost Horizon. It’s about ___46___ small group of Westerners flying in the Himalayas when suddenly their plane crashes and ___47___ (find) themselves in a paradise-like valley.
Shangri-La has attracted so many people ___48___ today a whole industry has been created to find the town that served as its ___49___ (inspire). The problem is that Hilton never ___50___ (true) explained where Shangri-La was. Joseph Rock, an Austrian-American explorer ___51___ (travel) for years in Southwest China and published a series of articles, ___52___ which the descriptions of places he visited correspond to (符合) those about Shangri-La in Hilton’s book. Later search for the location of Shangri-La ___53___ (base)on Rock’s travels. Among all the mountain paradises mentioned in Rock’s articles, Zhongdian, Yunnan, hits the description of Shangri-La. In 2001, officials changed ___54___ (it)name to “Shangri-La.” While it coul be a place that Rock wrote about, the main purpose of changing the name was ___55___(promote) tourism.
【答案】46. a 47. finding
48. that 49. inspiration
50. truly 51. traveled##travelled
52. in 53. was based
54. its 55. to promote
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了香格里拉名字的由来和最后地点的确立。
【46题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：它讲的是一群西方人在喜马拉雅山上飞行，突然他们的飞机坠毁了，他们发现自己身处一个天堂般的山谷。group是可数名词，前文未提到这一组人，故用不定冠词泛指。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语。句意同上。空处和flying并列，应用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰名词Westerners。故填finding。
【48题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：香格里拉吸引了如此之多的人，以至于今天整个行业都在寻找作为其灵感来源的小镇。结合句意可知，此处是“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。its形容词性物主代词，后接名词，inspiration灵感，不可数名词。故填inspiration。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：问题是Hilton从来没有真正解释过香格里拉在哪里。空处修饰动词explained，应用副词形式，故填truly。
【51题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：奥地利裔美国探险家Joseph Rock在中国西南地区游历多年，发表了一系列文章，其中对所到之处的描述与Hilton书中对香格里拉的描述一致。由后文“and published a series of articles”提示该处用一般过去时。故填traveled/travelled。
【52题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”的引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“articles”，此处指“在这些文章里面对于旅游过的地点的描述符合Hilton小说中Shangri-La的描述”，故用介词in。故填in。
【53题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来对香格里拉位置的搜索是基于Rock的旅行。主语search和动词base之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was based。
【54题详解】
考查代词。句意：2001年，官方将其更名为“香格里拉”。修饰名词name要用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【55题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然它可能是Rock写过的地方，但改名的主要目的是促进旅游业。主语是名词purpose“目标”，故此处用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。故填to promote。
第一部分 写作(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或括号内的中文意思，填入一个必修二unit4，unit5和必修三unit1 中所学的恰当的单词，每空限填一个单词。
56. We are really_________(感谢)to her for her participating in the activity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】grateful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们非常感谢她能参加这次活动。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“感谢”应为grateful符合句意。故填grateful。
57. He could see his depressed face r_________in the mirror on the wall. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reflected##eflected
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他可以从墙上的镜子里看到自己沮丧的脸。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，根据提示的首字母和句意可知，此处表示“照出”为reflect，结合句意可知，reflect与宾语face之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故填reflected。
58. Today’s result________(代表着，意味着) a significant advance in his research. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】represents
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：今天的结果代表了他的研究取得了重大进展。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“代表着，意味着”应为represent，结合句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，represent与句子主语result之间为主动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填represents。
59. The idea “Yincaishijiao” means creating an education tailored to each________(个体). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】individual
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“因材施教”的意思是为每个人量身定制教育。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“个体”应为individual，因空前有each修饰，所以此处应使用名词单数形式。故填individual。
60 The immune system is our body’s d_________against infection and disease. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】defence##efence##defense##efense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：免疫系统是我们身体抵御感染和疾病的防御系统。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词defence或defense，作表语且不可数。故填defence/defense。
61. Not wanting to spend too much time taking buses to work, she rented a house n________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】nearby##earby
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她不想花太多时间乘公交车上班，就在附近租了一所房子。根据句意及首字母提示可知，nearby附近的，形容词，在句中作后置定语修饰名词house，故填nearby。
62. The school health department will take________(负责) of the physical examination fee. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】charge
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：体检费用由学校卫生部门负责。根据汉语提示可知，本题考查固定短语take charge of“负责”，故填charge。
63. Michael was________(沉浸于)in the details of the report and began to read without any break. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：迈克尔全神贯注地读着报告的细节，连读都没有休息。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“沉浸于”应为absorbed。故填absorbed。
64. Jenny has been a_________a scholarship at the University of Chicago. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】awarded##warded
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：珍妮获得了芝加哥大学的奖学金。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词与has been构成句子的谓语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为award意为“颁发，授予”，award与句子主语Jenny之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填awarded。
65. We all breathed a sigh of r_________as no one was hurt. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】relief##elief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当没有人受伤时，我们都松了一口气。根据单词首字母以及句意“松了口气”，可知应填名词relief，作宾语，短语a sigh of relief“松了口气”。故填relief。
第二节 完成句子(共5个小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
根据中文意思，使用括号内提示词的正确搭配或括号内的要求补全句子。
66. I prefer to make friends with those who have something_________(common) me.
我更喜欢和与我有一些共同点的人交朋友。
【答案】in common with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“和……有共同点”，使用固定短语in common with，故填in common with。
67. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses _________(advantage) the celebrations.
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动。
【答案】taking advantage of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“利用”，使用动词短语take advantage of，此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词短语take advantage of和宾语businesses之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填taking advantage of。
68. The reality show is popular with a large audience, _________(range) the elderly.
这个真人秀受大批观众欢迎，从小孩到老年人。
【答案】ranging from children to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“从小孩到老年人”，使用动词短语range from...to...，“小孩”使用名词复数children，空前无连词，故空处用非谓语动词，range和audience之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。故填ranging from children to。
69. The European Union_________(compose) 27 European countries.
欧盟由27个欧洲国家组成。
【答案】is composed of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“由……组成”，结合括号中的提示可知，此处使用固定短语be composed of，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语The European Union表示单数意义，be动词用is，故填is composed of。
70. We were moved by the perseverance of the rescue workers, who_________(eager) help people in danger.
我们被救援人员的坚韧品质所感染，他们渴望抢救遇险的人。
【答案】were eager to
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。根据句意和提示词可知，此处表示“渴望做某事”应为be eager to do sth.，根据主句中的谓语动词were可知，此处应为一般过去时态，who引导的定语从句，指代的为先行词the rescue workers为复数，所以be动词为were。故填were eager to。
第三节 应用文写作(满分15分)
71. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Rebecca在给你的邮件中提到她对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Rebecca回信，内容包括：
1、该人物是谁；
2、该人物的主要贡献；
3、该人物对你的影响。
注意：1、词数：100字左右。2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Rebecca,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Rebecca,
Overjoyed to receive your letter where you mention that you are enthusiastic about Chinese historic figures, I am writing to heartily recommend Zheng He to you.
Zheng He, leading a maritime expedition, made seven voyages on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, which strengthened harmonious relations with the areas he reached and spread Chinese civilization to the world. His extensively acknowledged accomplishments made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers. In fact, he inspires me to major in cultural exchange in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
I am fully convinced that my recommendation will trigger your enthusiasm for Chinese history figures. Feel free to contact me if you are eager to research more into Zheng He and his far-reaching impacts.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Rebecca在给你的邮件中提到她对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Rebecca回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
加强：strengthen→enhance
到达：reach→arrive at/in
完全：fully→completely
高兴：overjoyed→glad
2.句式拓展
陈述句变强调句
原句：His extensively acknowledged accomplishments made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers.
拓展句：It was his extensively acknowledged accomplishments that made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Zheng He, leading a maritime expedition, made seven voyages on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, which strengthened harmonious relations with the areas he reached and spread Chinese civilization to the world. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Feel free to contact me if you are eager to research more into Zheng He and his far-reaching impacts. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
听力：1-5 BCCBC 6-10 ABACA 11-15 ABACA 16-20 BAACB
高2025届高一(下)期中考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What gift will the woman probably get for Mary?
A. A schoolbag. B. A CD. C. A movie ticket.
2. What is the man doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Enjoying a party. C. Looking for his clothes.
3. What does the man mainly do in his spare time?
A. He plays sports. B. He plays the piano. C. He learns a language.
4. Which flavor is the most popular?
A. Strawberry. B. Chocolate. C. Lemon.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A movie they just saw. B. A favorite actor. C. Weekend plans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Former classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Old teammates.
7. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What caused the woman’s problem?
A. She’s been studying late into the night.
B. She feels nervous about her classes.
C. She cannot sleep at night.
9. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Take some medicine. B. Get more fresh air. C. Get more sleep.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When did the library open?
A. Last week. B. Yesterday. C. The day before yesterday.
11. What is true about the library?
A. It’s tall. B. It’s very modern. C. The computer lab is on the second floor.
12. Why didn’t the man sign up for a library card?
A. He didn’t have enough money.
B. He didn’t take his student card.
C. The library was far away from his home.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What time does the bus usually come?
A. At 8:00. B. At 8:15. C. At 9:15.
14. What did the woman do in the library?
A. She finished her school project.
B. She borrowed a book on kings and queens.
C. She searched for some books but got nothing.
15. Where was the woman at 3:00 p. m. ?
A. At home. B. On a bus. C. In a bookstore.
16. Why did it take the woman a long time to get home?
A. She walked all the way.
B. The bus broke down halfway.
C. She went to a bookstore on the way.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why can’t the speaker go to work today?
A. Her son is sick. B. She isn’t feeling well. C. She has to go to her son’s school.
18. What does the speaker ask Raman to do?
A. Order lunch for ten people.
B. Get in touch with the trainer.
C. Book a meeting room.
19. What is the relationship between the speaker and Raman?
A. Boss and secretary. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Partners.
20. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the office. B. On the phone. C. In a coffee shop.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
St Patrick’s Day: All you need to know about your local parades
Thousands of people will crowd around cities, towns, and villages all over the country on Friday for the annual St Patrick’s Day festivities.
Cork
Cork City’s St Patrick’s Day parade will start at 1 pm, with the event also live-streamed from 12:45 pm for those unable to be there in person. Featuring Cork’s long-established bands and hundreds of sports and dance groups, the parade will also have a special multi-cultural focus, in the form of the migrant support group Together Razem.
Limerick
A huge turnout is expected in Limerick on Friday to watch the parade which kicks off at midday from O’Connell’s St. Serving as Grand Marshall is Limerick native and star of D’Unbelievables and the Oscar-nominated The Banshees of Inisherin, Jon Kenny, who is looking forward to his “starring role” in this year’s celebrations.
Waterford
Following the success of last year’s first-ever three-day festival, Waterford City is hoping to top the 2022 celebrations. The fun kicks off with live music in the Cultural Quarter on Thursday night. On Friday, the parade will set off from the Quays at 1 pm, led by Grand Marshall, boxing champion Kelyn Cassidy. The rest of the weekend will be filled with more music, workshops, and dancing, and there will be a fairground for the kids to enjoy.
Clare
Beginning at 11 am from Clare County Council’s headquarters, the parade in Ennis will celebrate the commitment of Clare’s sporting heroes to their local communities. The parade’s hosts are former president of Ennis Rugby (英式橄榄球) Club Jimmy O’Brien, Barefield athlete PJ Purcell, and great-grandniece of Kilnamona boxer Michael McTigue, Aisling Rynne.
1. Where are parents with kids most likely to go?
A. Cork. B. Limerick. C. Waterford. D. Clare.
2. What can you do in Clare’s parade?
A. Play rugby games. B. Enjoy live music.
C. Meet sports athletes. D. Watch boxing matches.
3. What is the text intended to do?
A. To introduce local activities. B. To present city legends.
C. To promote sports products. D. To hire parade organizers.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个城市庆祝St Patrick’s Day的活动内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Waterford部分中“and there will be a fairground for the kids to enjoy(还会有一个露天游乐场供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Waterford小孩子可以在露天游乐场玩，所以带孩子的父母会选择Waterford，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Clare部分的最后一句话“The parade’s hosts are former president of Ennis Rugby (英式橄榄球) Club Jimmy O’Brien, Barefield athlete PJ Purcell, and great-grandniece of Kilnamona boxer Michael McTigue, Aisling Rynne.(游行的主持人是恩尼斯橄榄球俱乐部的前主席Jimmy O’Brien，Barefield的运动员PJ Purcell，以及基尔纳莫纳拳击手Michael McTigue的曾孙女Aisling Rynne)”可知，在Clare的游行中可以见到运动员，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Thousands of people will crowd around cities, towns, and villages all over the country on Friday for the annual St Patrick’s Day festivities.(周五，成千上万的人将聚集在全国各地的城镇和村庄，参加一年一度的St Patrick’s Day庆祝活动)”可知，文章介绍了四个城市庆祝St Patrick’s Day的活动内容，因此写作目的应为介绍当地活动，故选A。
B
Paul Wittgenstein had been born into an upper-class Austrian family on November 5, 1887. He grew up in a mansion full of activity and music. His great-uncle, Josef Joachim, was a famous violinist, and as a youth, Paul often accompanied him on the piano. He also studied with Teodor Leschetizky, who had taught many great pianists.
Music critics (评论家) had predicted an admirable future for Paul Wittgenstein as a concert pianist, but that was before he was forced into the Austrian Army near the beginning of World War I. In August of 1914, a bullet broke his right arm and the doctor amputated it.
It seemed Paul’s dream of being a concert pianist was over. At first, the thought of playing the piano with one hand seemed a cruel joke. After further reflection, he thought, why not? His depression turned to determination, and he decided that his missing right arm wouldn’t end his music career.
Near the end of World War I, Paul gave his first left-handed piano recital (演奏会). The critics were surprised. His playing had improved, they said, despite his missing arm. Paul’s strong determination to play concert music inspired great composers to create works intended for the left hand. They were touched by his courage and excited by the challenge of writing music for a one-handed pianist. Paul performed their compositions throughout Europe.
When it was over, the audience rose for a standing applause and cheered wildly. They recognized that a master composer had written a masterpiece for a master artist. A few weeks later in Monte Carlo, Paul again performed the concerto, and again he received high praise.
The Concerto for the Left Hand, which Maurice Ravel wrote for Paul, has become part of musical history. Great pianists everywhere perform it. But it’s more than wonderful music — it is also a monument (见证) to the courage and persistence of a man who could have given up because of his injury, but didn’t.
4. Why did the critics think Paul had an admirable future?
A. He was born in a noble family. B. He had access to music learning.
C. He often held musical activities. D. He made his relatives musicians.
5. What does the underlined word “amputate” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Cut off. B. Attend to. C. Take up. D. Fit in.
6. Which of the following can best describe Paul?
A. Active and modest. B. Brave and determined.
C. Hardworking and honest. D. Patient and humorous.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Musical Masterpiece. B. Music Craze in Austria.
C. Back from The War. D. With Just One Hand.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文介绍了Paul Wittgenstein在一只手臂截肢情况下仍坚持不懈地练习钢琴，最终成为钢琴大师的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Paul Wittgenstein had been born into an upper-class Austrian family on November 5,1887. He grew up in a mansion full of activity and music. His great-uncle, Josef Joachim, was a famous violinist, and as a youth, Paul often accompanied him on the piano. He also studied with Teodor Leschetizky, who had taught many great pianists.(1887年11月5日，Paul Wittgenstein出生在奥地利的一个上流社会家庭。他在一个充满活力和音乐的豪宅里长大。他的叔祖父Josef Joachim是一位著名的小提琴家，年轻时，Paul经常用钢琴为他伴奏。他还师从教过许多伟大的钢琴家的Teodor Leschetizky)”可知，Paul出生在一个充满音乐的上层阶级家庭，有音乐家亲戚和教出了很多音乐家的老师教导他学习音乐和钢琴，因此他有各种学习音乐的途径，评论家门预测他前途光明，故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“At first, the thought of playing the piano with one hand seemed a cruel joke.(起初，单手弹钢琴的想法似乎是一个残酷的笑话)”可知，Paul只有一只手臂了，由此可推测出医生切掉了他受伤的手臂，amputate意为“切掉”，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“His depression turned to determination, and he decided that his missing right arm wouldn’t end his music career.(他的沮丧变成了决心，他决定失去右臂不会结束他的音乐生涯)”以及第四段中“Paul’s strong determination to play concert music inspired great composers to create works intended for the left hand. They were touched by his courage and excited by the challenge of writing music for a one-handed pianist.(Paul演奏音乐会音乐的坚定决心激发了伟大的作曲家创作左手作品。他们被他的勇气所感动，为一个单手钢琴家创作音乐的挑战而兴奋)”可知，Paul在失去一只手臂的情况下，勇敢面对困难，坚定决心，坚持不懈练习钢琴追求理想，因此应该用“勇敢”和“意志坚定”来形容他。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍了主人公在失去一只手臂后坚持不懈成为若名钢琴家的故事，一只手臂为贯穿全文的线索，故选D。
C
Long before the pandemic(疫情), many adults turned to toys from Legos to collectible items to tap into their inner childhood for comfort. But all the stresses from the health problems stimulated(刺激)and strengthened the trend, according to Jim Silver, editor-in-chief of a toy review site.
This so-called “kid-adult” market is significant. Ages 18 and older represented 14% of U. S. toy industry sales, or $5. 7 billion in 2022. It grew 19% compared with that in 2021, according to the NPD Group Inc. , a market research firm. This group also enjoyed the second-fastest increase after customers aged 12 to 17.
Last year, Build-a-Bear launched a website called Bear Cave for the 18-year-old and over, highlighting items like toy rabbits holding a bottle of wine. And Basic Fun took a high-tech on the traditional Lite Brite toy from the 1960s and recreated it as wall art with thousands of pegs and 45 LED lights aimed at the adults in time for the holidays-with a $99 price tag. McDonald’s tapped into this group, releasing adult Happy Meals in October with toys designed by the fashion brand Cactus Plant Flea Market.
Loren Brereton,61,was recently visiting the American Girl store with her granddaughter Alana,7. She said that during the pandemic, she took comfort looking at her own daughter’s dolls. She also pulled out some of her son’s Lego’s and other toys and played with them. And she was thinking of buying a few playthings for herself. “All of those games have brought me comfort when I was a kid, but, you know, sort of changed you at different times when you needed it,”she said. “And you needed it. ”
“The pandemic certainly served as a stimulus for this trend as adults found themselves stuck at home with nothing else to do with a lot of time in their hands,”said Genevieve Cruz, senior director at Lego, “But we do believe that the trend goes beyond the pandemic. ”
8. What do we know about the U. S. toy industry?
A. It drew more adults than teenagers. B. It used to be no attraction to adults.
C. It saw a big growth in adult market. D. It brought customers health problems.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Adult toys gradually took over the toy industry.
B. Adults had easy access to toys intended for adults.
C. Many companies launched products targeted at adults.
D. Some companies producing adult toys were established.
10. What do toys bring Loren Brereton?
A. Inspiration. B. Satisfaction. C. Regret. D. Comfort.
11. Which of the following will Jim Silver and Genevieve Cruz both agree with?
A. Adults are the main target of the toy industry.
B. Adult toys won’t be popular after the pandemic.
C. Health problems created the craze for adult toys.
D. The pandemic worked as a stimulus to adult toys.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了疫情推动成年人玩具市场在疫情后的增长及其原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ages 18 and older represented 14% of U. S. toy industry sales, or $5. 7 billion in 2022. It grew 19% compared with that in 2021, according to the NPD Group Inc. , a market research firm.(年龄在18岁及以上的人占美国玩具行业销售额的14%，即5美元。到2022年将达到70亿美元。根据市场研究公司NPD Group Inc.的数据，与2021年相比，这一数字增长了19%。)”可知，2022年成年人玩具销售额比前一年增长19%，增速排在第二。由此可见其增长巨大。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Last year, Build-a-Bear launched a website called Bear Cave for the 18-year-old and over, highlighting items like toy rabbits holding a bottle of wine. And Basic Fun took a high-tech on the traditional Lite Brite toy from the 1960s and recreated it as wall art with thousands of pegs and 45 LED lights aimed at the adults in time for the holidays-with a $99 price tag. McDonald’s tapped into this group, releasing adult Happy Meals in October with toys designed by the fashion brand Cactus Plant Flea Market.(去年，Build-a-Bear为18岁及以上的人推出了一个名为Bear Cave的网站，突出展示了举着一瓶葡萄酒的玩具兔子等项目。Basic Fun在20世纪60年代的传统Lite Brite玩具上采用了高科技，用数千个挂钩和45个LED灯将其重新制作成墙上的艺术品，目标是赶上假期的成年人，价格为99美元。McDonald利用了这一群体，在10月份推出了成人开心乐园餐，里面有由时尚品牌Cactus Plant Flea Market设计的玩具。)”可知，Build-a-Bear、Basic Fun以及McDonald等多家大公司都上市了针对成年人的产品，由此可知，本段讲述的是一些大公司发布的一些针对成年人的产品。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句““All of those games have brought me comfort when I was a kid, but, you know, sort of changed you at different times when you needed it,”she said. “And you needed it. ”(“当我还是个孩子的时候，所有这些游戏都给我带来了安慰，但是，你知道，在不同的时候，当你需要它的时候，它会改变你，”她说。“你需要它。”)”可知Loren Brereton可以从玩具中获得安慰，而且现在需要这种安慰。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But all the stresses from the health problems stimulated (刺激) and strengthened the trend, according to Jim Silver, editor-in-chief of a toy review site.(但一家玩具评论网站的主编吉姆•西尔弗说，健康问题带来的压力刺激并加强了这一趋势。)”可知，Jim Silver认为疫情带来的健康问题给人们极大压力，刺激和加强了成年人从玩具中寻求安慰的趋势，再根据最后一段““The pandemic certainly served as a stimulus for this trend as adults found themselves stuck at home with nothing else to do with a lot of time in their hands,”said Genevieve Cruz, senior director at Lego, “But we do believe that the trend goes beyond the pandemic. ”(乐高高级主管吉纳维芙·克鲁兹说:“疫情肯定是这种趋势的刺激因素，因为成年人发现自己被困在家里，没有其他事情可做，手里有很多时间。但我们确实认为，这种趋势超越了疫情。”。)”可知，Genevieve Cruz认为疫情是这种趋势的促进因素。由此可知，他们都赞成的是疫情是促使着这种趋势的发展。故选D项。
D
If you hold up a seashell to your ear, you will hear the sea, no matter how far inland you currently are. In fact, it is not the case. So, what’s actually going on here?
One popular explanation is that you are listening to your own blood coursing through you. Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water. “Press your ear to a shell and listen, then run around on the beach for a few minutes to increase the blood flow all through your body, and again listen to your magic shell,” Kruszelnicki wrote. “You’ll find that the loudness of the ‘sound of the sea is still the same’.”
If we truly were hearing the sound of our blood rushing through our bodies, that wouldn’t be the case: exercising makes your blood pressure rise, which would thus increase the supposed sounds being “reflected” by the shell. The fact that we don’t hear a difference before and after exercise, therefore, makes quite an evident statement.
There’s another idea that the “sea” you can hear in a shell is actually air-air flowing through the shell and out again, which creates the noise. “In a soundproof room, you won’t hear anything from a shell,” confirmed Andrew King, director of the University of Oxford’s Centre for Integrative Neuroscience. “Background noise must be present.” That’s the biggest clue as to what’s really going on here: the sounds we hear “inside” seashells are not coming from inside our bodies, but rather around them.
“You are hearing surrounding or background noise that has been increased in amplitude (振幅) by the physical characteristic of the seashell,” King explained, “the specific sounds we hear within a shell depend on the exact shape of itself-the hard, curved surfaces inside the shell cause the sound waves that enter to bounce around, increasing some frequencies while reducing others.”
Seashells may be the most poetic of ways to experience this resonance (共振), but they’re definitely not the only method - pretty much any convex (凹面的) surface will do.
12. What is the author’s attitude toward the blood theory in paragraph 2?
A. Opposing. B. Supportive. C. Defensive. D. Unconcerned.
13. What can we infer from Andrew King’s words?
A. Background noise can be heard in a soundproof room.
B. The sound from seashells is the changed noise around you.
C. The shape of seashells can help produce the same sea sound.
D. Sound waves can bounce around to increase them in your ears.
14. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why you can hear the sea from a seashell.
B. How people explore the secret of seashells.
C. Why popular beliefs sometimes prove wrong.
D. How scientists produce a sound as a seashell does.
15. What do you think the author will mention next?
A. Different types of seashells. B. Causes of the sea sound.
C. The sound in soundproof rooms. D. Ways to set off resonance.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们从海螺中听到大海的声音的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。从第二段中的“Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water.“Press your ear to a shell and listen, then run around on the beach for a few minutes to increase the blood flow all through your body, and again listen to your magic shell,” Kruszelnicki wrote. “You’ll find that the loudness of the “sound of the sea ‘is still the same. ”(尽管这种血液理论很受欢迎，但它站不住脚。Kruszelnicki写道：“把你的耳朵贴在贝壳上听，然后在海滩上跑几分钟，增加全身的血液流量，然后再听你神奇的贝壳。”你会发现“大海之声”的响度还是一样的)”可知，人们运动之后听到的声音没有改变，所以blood theory是不成立的。由此推知，作者对“血液理论”持反对态度。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““You are hearing surrounding or background noise that has been increased in amplitude(振幅)by the physical characteristic of the seashell,” King explained, “the specific sounds we hear within a shell depend on the exact shape of itself-the hard, curved surfaces inside the shell cause the sound waves that enter to bounce around, increasing some frequencies while reducing others.”(“你听到的周围或背景噪音的振幅由于贝壳的物理特性而增加了，”King解释说，“我们在贝壳内听到的特定声音取决于它本身的确切形状——贝壳内坚硬的、弯曲的表面导致声波进入周围反弹，一些频率增加，另一些频率降低。”)”可知，从贝克里听到的声音其实是周围的声音在贝壳内部曲面反弹，因此加强了它的振幅，因此这种声音其实就是周围被贝壳增大振幅后的声音。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“If you hold up a seashell to your ear, you will hear the sea, no matter how far inland you currently are. In fact, it is not the case. So, what’s actually going on here?(如果你把一个贝壳举到耳边，你就会听到大海的声音，不管你现在在内陆有多远。事实上，事实并非如此。那么，这里到底发生了什么?)”可知，本段通过提问的形式引出本文的话题，根据第二段中的“One popular explanation is that you are listening to your own blood coursing through you. Popular as this blood theory is, it doesn’t hold water.(一种常见的解释是，你在听自己的血液在你体内流动。虽然这种血液理论很流行，但它站不住脚)”以及第四段中的“There’s another idea that the “sea” you can hear in a shell is actually air-air flowing through the shell and out again, which creates the noise.(还有一种观点认为，你在贝壳里听到的“海”实际上是空气——空气穿过贝壳又流出来，这就产生了噪音)”可知，全文解释从海贝壳听到大海的音的原因。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Seashells may be the most poetic of ways to experience this resonance(共振), but they’re definitely not the only method - pretty much any convex (凹面的) surface will do.(贝壳可能是体验这种共鸣的最诗意的方式，但它们绝对不是唯一的方法——几乎任何凸面都可以)”推知，接下来应该提到能产生共振的其他方式。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How can we get rid of procrastination (拖延症)
Procrastination is a common challenge that many people face. ___16___ However, there are practical methods which help people beat the bad habit.
It is helpful to understand exactly why you’ve been procrastinating a specific task. Are you afraid of something? ___17___ Fill in the sentence: “I’m avoiding this task because I’m afraid that… ”And see what shows up. Identifying your fears can help you realize the monsters in the closet aren’t as bad as you think.
Sometimes people put way too much on their To Do list. One way to stop procrastinating something is to decide you’re never going to do it. What can you take off your To Do list? Try crossing something off your list simply because you realize you don’t really need to do that thing ever. ___18___
Experts highly recommend A Power Hour, which consists of putting away all distractions and working in a concentrated period of time. ___19___ Science has discovered that our brain naturally goes through cycles with peaks (高峰) and valleys. To maximize your output, it is vital that you honor these peaks and valleys by balancing focused time with relaxation.
___20___ After completing a task or meeting a deadline, reward yourself with something you enjoy. Research shows the human brain responds to reward stimulus and this can be a good way to create habits.
This guide gives suggestions on stopping procrastinating; now, it’s up to you to use them.
A. Give yourself permission to let it go.
B. Rewards provide motivation and a sense of achievement.
C. Procrastination only occurs when tasks appear confusing.
D. Maybe you feel overcome by it and don’t know where to start.
E. It can prevent success in the long run and is not easy to overcome.
F. Effective ways to cure people of the habit are easy to get from the Internet.
G. Short rest is necessary in this period in order to make best use of your brain and body.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，简要陈述了拖延症是什么，并给出了改善拖延症的几点建议。
【16题详解】
空前“Procrastination is a common challenge that many people face.(拖延症是许多人面临的共同挑战。)”提到拖延症是一个大家都面临的挑战，而空格后一句“However, there are practical methods which help people beat the bad habit.(然而，有一些实用的方法可以帮助人们克服这个坏习惯。)”中“however”直接进行逻辑上的让步转折，引出有实用性的措施这一观点。该空需要承接上文，具体阐释拖延症的危害，从而引出下文“措施”，E选项“It can prevent success in the long run and is not easy to overcome.(从长远来看，它会阻碍成功，而且不容易克服。)”说明了拖延症的危害，引出接下来要说的措施，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
空格前提出问题“Are you afraid of something?(你害怕什么吗？)”，空格后“Fill in the sentence: “I’m avoiding this task because I’m afraid that… ”And see what shows up. Identifying your fears can help you realize the monsters in the closet aren’t as bad as you think.(填空这个句子:“我在回避这项任务，因为我害怕……”然后看看出现了什么。认清自己的恐惧可以帮助你意识到衣橱里的怪物并不像你想象的那么糟糕。)”提出解决方案。而空格处应该对提出的问题进行可能性回答，然后才再提出解决建议，D选项“Maybe you feel overcome by it and don’t know where to start.(也许你觉得被它征服了，不知道从哪里开始。)”是害怕的某个内容，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
空前说“Try crossing something off your list simply because you realize you don’t really need to do that thing ever.(试着从你的清单上划掉一些事情，因为你意识到你根本不需要做那些事情。)”，说明要把一些东西去掉，A选项“Give yourself permission to let it go.(允许自己放手。)”说明了要让自己把一些东西去掉，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
空前说“Experts highly recommend A Power Hour, which consists of putting away all distractions and working in a concentrated period of time.(专家们强烈推荐“精力充沛的一小时”，它包括抛开所有分心的事情，集中精力工作。)”，空后说“Science has discovered that our brain naturally goes through cycles with peaks (高峰) and valleys. To maximize your output, it is vital that you honor these peaks and valleys by balancing focused time with relaxation.(科学发现，我们的大脑自然会经历高峰和低谷的循环。为了最大限度地提高你的工作效率，你必须尊重这些高峰和低谷，在集中精力和放松之间取得平衡。)”，说明了在专心工作的同时还要注意放松，而放松也就是休息，G选项“Short rest is necessary in this period in order to make best use of your brain and body.(为了充分利用你的大脑和身体，在这个时期短暂的休息是必要的。)”说明了工作的同时还要注意休息，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
空后说“After completing a task or meeting a deadline, reward yourself with something you enjoy.(在完成一项任务或达到最后期限后，用你喜欢的东西奖励自己。)”，说明了要奖励自己，空格处应该说明奖励的好处，B选项“Rewards provide motivation and a sense of achievement.(奖励提供动力和成就感。)”说明了奖励的好处，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
British couple John and Sarah had always been kind. They believed in making a ___21___ to someone’s life, especially those in need. One day, they ___22___ a heartbreaking news article about a 3-year-old boy Ahmed from Syria who had lost his family in the ongoing battles.
Without a second thought, John and Sarah ___23___ decided to adopt Ahmed and give him a new start in life. When they first met Ahmed, he was quiet and ___24___ , having spent most of his young life in a refugee camp (难民营). It took time for him to ___25___ to John and Sarah, but they were patient and kind with him, communicating their love and care through ___26___ and affection.
___27___ the difficulty in their communication, John and Sarah were determined to help Ahmed ___28___ from his emotional damage. They took him to a doctor and taught him coping mechanisms (应对机制) to ___29___ his anxiety. They made sure Ahmed felt safe and ___30___ in their home, providing him with a comfortable bed and his favorite toys.
It wasn’t easy, but with time, Ahmed stopped waking up screaming at night, nor did he ___31___ with fear when hearing loud noises. He began to trust the couple and respond to their ___32___ . Smiles reappeared on his face, a sign that he was slowly healing from the inner trauma (创伤) he had ___33___.
Today, Ahmed is a happy and healthy child, thanks to the love and care of John and Sarah. The couple has been ___34___ by Ahmed just as much as they have helped him. Seeing Ahmed grow in their care brings them ___35___ joy and satisfaction. For John and Sarah, adopting Ahmed was one of the best decisions they ever made.
21. A. bet B. difference C. choice D. chance
22. A. came across B. gave away C. passed on D. made up
23. A. normally B. hardly C. usually D. immediately
24. A. shy B. lively C. adventurous D. creative
25. A. lead B. contribute C. object D. warm
26. A. texts B. letters C. gestures D. notes
27. A. Among B. Except C. Despite D. Beside
28. A. recover B. remove C. suffer D. rise
29. A. create B. encourage C. increase D. reduce
30. A. weak B. proud C. upset D. secure
31. A. smile B. wave C. shake D. hold
32. A. question B. affection C. music D. attack
33. A. experienced B. accepted C. gained D. passed
34. A. stressed B. enriched C. complained D. awarded
35. A. little B. great C. secret D. holiday
【答案】21 B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英国夫妻John和Sarah领养叙利亚战争孤儿Ahmed并帮助他治疗战争创伤的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们相信要改变别人的生活，尤其是那些需要帮助的人。A. bet下注；B. difference不同； C. choice选择；D. chance机会。根据下一段的“decided to adopt Ahmed and give him a new start in life”可知，此处表示他们相信要改变别人的生活，make a difference意为“给……带来不同”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，他们看到一篇令人心碎的新闻报道，关于一个来自叙利亚的3岁男孩Ahmed，他在持续的战斗中失去了家人。A. came across偶然发现；B. gave away赠送；C. passed on传递；D. made up编造。根据下文“a heartbreaking news article”可知，他们是看到一篇令人心碎的新闻报道，空格处用came across。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：John和Sarah毫不犹豫地立刻决定收养Ahmed，给他一个新的生活开始。A. normally通常；B. hardly几乎不；C. usually通常；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“Without a second thought”可知，John和Sarah毫不犹豫地立刻决定收养Ahmed。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们第一次见到Ahmed时，他很安静，很害羞，因为他年轻时大部分时间都在难民营度过。A. shy害羞的；B. lively活泼的，生气勃勃的；C. adventurous爱冒险的；D. creative有创造力的。根据下文“difficulty in their communication”可知，Ahmed不怎么和他们交流，所以推测他害羞。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感，但他们对他很耐心、很友善，通过手势和感情来表达他们的爱和关心。A. lead带领；B. contribute贡献；C. object反对；D. warm（对某人） 产生好感。根据下一段的“He began to trust the couple”可知，此处表示“他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感”。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了很长时间才对John和Sarah产生好感，但他们对他很耐心、很友善，通过手势和感情来表达他们的爱和关心。A. texts文章；B. letters字母；C. gestures手势；D. notes笔记。根据下文“difficulty in their communication”可知，他们交流有困难，所以他们通过手势表达爱和关心。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。A. Among在……之中；B. Except除了；C. Despite尽管；D. Beside在……旁边。根据下文“the difficulty in their communication, John and Sarah were determined to help Ahmed”可知，尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管沟通困难，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。A. recover恢复；B. remove去除；C. suffer遭受；D. rise上升。根据下文“from his emotional damage”可知，John和Sarah决心帮助Ahmed从情感创伤中恢复过来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们带他去看医生，教他减轻焦虑的应对机制。A. create创造；B. encourage鼓励；C. increase增加；D. reduce减少。根据下文“They took him to a doctor and taught him coping mechanisms”可知，他们带他去看医生是为了减轻他的焦虑。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们确保Ahmed在家里感到安全，为他提供舒适的床和他最喜欢的玩具。A. weak虚弱的；B. proud骄傲的；C. upset不安的；D. secure安全的。根据上文“felt safe and”可知，他们确保Ahmed在家里感到安全。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但随着时间的推移，Ahmed不再在夜里尖叫着醒来，也不会因为听到巨大的噪音而害怕得发抖。A. smile微笑；B. wave挥手；C. shake发抖；D. hold持有。根据下文“with fear when hearing loud noises”可知，Ahmed不会因为听到巨大的噪音而害怕得发抖。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始信任这对夫妇，并对他们的感情做出回应。A. question问题；B. affection感情；C. music音乐；D. attack攻击。根据上文“communicating their love and care through ___6___ and affection”可知，他开始信任这对夫妇，并对他们的感情做出回应。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑容重新出现在他的脸上，这表明他正在慢慢从内心的创伤中恢复过来。A. experienced经历；B. accepted接受；C. gained获得；D. passed通过。根据上文“the inner trauma (创伤) he had”可知，此处表示他所经历的创伤。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇在帮助Ahmed的同时，也让自己更充实。A. stressed强调；B. enriched使充实；C. complained抱怨；D. awarded授予。根据下文“brings them ___15___ joy and satisfaction”可知，这对夫妇在帮助Ahmed的同时，也让自己更充实。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：看到Ahmed在他们的照顾下成长，他们感到非常高兴和满足。A. little小的；B. great极大的；C. secret秘密；D. holiday假期。根据下文“adopting Ahmed was one of the best decisions they ever made”可知，他们认为收养Ahmed是最好的决定，所以看到Ahmed在他们的照顾下成长，他们感到非常高兴和满足，空格处意为“极大的”。故选B。
第二节 单项填空(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
36. The professor is trying to create an easy atmosphere ___________ his students enjoy their study.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：教授正努力营造一种轻松的氛围，让学生们享受学习的乐趣。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是atmosphere，表示抽象的地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选C。
37. Occasions are quite rare___________ I can spend a whole week with my family during the Chinese New Year Holiday.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国新年期间，我很少有机会和家人共度一周时间。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，先行词与定语从句被分隔，先行词是occasion，意为“时刻”表示时间，代替它充当从句时间状语，所以使用关系副词when。故选D项。
38. Most colleges now offer freshmen a course specially___________ to help them make career plans in advance.
A. designed B. designing C. to design D. being designed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学为新生开设一门专门帮助他们提前制定职业规划的课程。分析句子结构可知design与逻辑主语course构成被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，故选A。
39. The school library has recently expanded its area, ___________ more students to study there.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校图书馆最近扩大了它的面积，允许更多的学生在那里学习。分析句子结构可知allow与逻辑主语The school library has recently expanded its area构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语，故选B。
40. The harmful effects, ___________, vary considerably from person to person.
A. if ever B. if any C. if not D. if so
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：有害影响，如果有的话，很大程度上因人而异。A. if ever如果曾经；B. if any如果有的话；C. if not如果不是；D. if so如果这样的话。此处指如果存在有害影响的话，句型if any=if there is any effect。故选B。
41. All the passengers should remain___________ in the flight taxiing, taking off and landing phases.
A. sit B. seated C. sat D. seating
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有乘客应在飞机滑行、起飞和降落阶段保持座位。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作表语，sit为不及物动词，与句子主语只能为主动关系，通常使用现在分词形式；seat与句子主语All the passengers之间为被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式，由此可知，此处应为seated意为“就坐”符合句意。故选B项。
42. Although the printer didn’t work yesterday, you can use it now as it___________
A. would be fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. has been fixed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：虽然昨天打印机坏了，但你现在可以用了，因为它已经修好了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意，此处表示“昨天不能使用，今天能用了”，由此说明打印机已经修好了，此处表示fix对现在造成的影响，所以使用现在完成时，且fix与句子主语之间为被动关系，句子主语为第三人称单数，所以应为has been fixed。故选D项。
43. People in the south live on rice. ___________, they eat a great deal of fruit.
A. In addition B. In contrast C. In conclusion D. In brief
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果。A. In addition此外；B. In contrast相反；C. In conclusion总之；D. In brief简要地。由“People in the south live on rice”和“they eat a great deal of fruit”可知，句子表示“南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果”，空格处意为“此外”，用in addition表示补充说明。故选A。
44. The car___________ next to a passenger bus, killing at least eight people and injuring dozens of others.
A. went away B. went off C. went up D. went out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这辆汽车在一辆客车旁边爆炸，造成至少8人死亡，数十人受伤。A. went away离开；B. went off爆炸；C. went up（价格、数量）上涨；D. went out出去。根据“killing at least eight people and injuring dozens of others”可知，此处指汽车在客车旁爆炸产生了巨大的伤亡。故选B。
45. After an argument with local people, some scholars from University of Oxford___________ to found a new university which is now referred to as University of Cambridge.
A. broke away B. broke down C. broke off D. broke in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：牛津大学的一些学者在与当地人发生争执后，脱离了牛津大学，成立了一所新大学，就是现在的剑桥大学。A. broke away脱离；B. broke down出故障；C. broke off停顿，中断；D. broke in闯入。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句意，此处表示“脱离”应为break away，结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以应使用一般过去时态，与句子主语some scholars之间为主动关系。故选A项。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The name “Shangri-La” comes from James Hilton’s popular novel, Lost Horizon. It’s about ___46___ small group of Westerners flying in the Himalayas when suddenly their plane crashes and ___47___ (find) themselves in a paradise-like valley.
Shangri-La has attracted so many people ___48___ today a whole industry has been created to find the town that served as its ___49___ (inspire). The problem is that Hilton never ___50___ (true) explained where Shangri-La was. Joseph Rock, an Austrian-American explorer ___51___ (travel) for years in Southwest China and published a series of articles, ___52___ which the descriptions of places he visited correspond to (符合) those about Shangri-La in Hilton’s book. Later search for the location of Shangri-La ___53___ (base)on Rock’s travels. Among all the mountain paradises mentioned in Rock’s articles, Zhongdian, Yunnan, hits the description of Shangri-La. In 2001, officials changed ___54___ (it)name to “Shangri-La.” While it coul be a place that Rock wrote about, the main purpose of changing the name was ___55___(promote) tourism.
【答案】46. a 47. finding
48. that 49. inspiration
50. truly 51. traveled##travelled
52. in 53. was based
54. its 55. to promote
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了香格里拉名字的由来和最后地点的确立。
【46题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：它讲的是一群西方人在喜马拉雅山上飞行，突然他们的飞机坠毁了，他们发现自己身处一个天堂般的山谷。group是可数名词，前文未提到这一组人，故用不定冠词泛指。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语。句意同上。空处和flying并列，应用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰名词Westerners。故填finding。
【48题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：香格里拉吸引了如此之多的人，以至于今天整个行业都在寻找作为其灵感来源的小镇。结合句意可知，此处是“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。its形容词性物主代词，后接名词，inspiration灵感，不可数名词。故填inspiration。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：问题是Hilton从来没有真正解释过香格里拉在哪里。空处修饰动词explained，应用副词形式，故填truly。
【51题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：奥地利裔美国探险家Joseph Rock在中国西南地区游历多年，发表了一系列文章，其中对所到之处的描述与Hilton书中对香格里拉的描述一致。由后文“and published a series of articles”提示该处用一般过去时。故填traveled/travelled。
【52题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”的引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“articles”，此处指“在这些文章里面对于旅游过的地点的描述符合Hilton小说中Shangri-La的描述”，故用介词in。故填in。
【53题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来对香格里拉位置的搜索是基于Rock的旅行。主语search和动词base之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was based。
【54题详解】
考查代词。句意：2001年，官方将其更名为“香格里拉”。修饰名词name要用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【55题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然它可能是Rock写过的地方，但改名的主要目的是促进旅游业。主语是名词purpose“目标”，故此处用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。故填to promote。
第一部分 写作(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或括号内的中文意思，填入一个必修二unit4，unit5和必修三unit1 中所学的恰当的单词，每空限填一个单词。
56. We are really_________(感谢)to her for her participating in the activity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】grateful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们非常感谢她能参加这次活动。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“感谢”应为grateful符合句意。故填grateful。
57. He could see his depressed face r_________in the mirror on the wall. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reflected##eflected
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他可以从墙上的镜子里看到自己沮丧的脸。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，根据提示的首字母和句意可知，此处表示“照出”为reflect，结合句意可知，reflect与宾语face之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故填reflected。
58. Today’s result________(代表着，意味着) a significant advance in his research. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】represents
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：今天的结果代表了他的研究取得了重大进展。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“代表着，意味着”应为represent，结合句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，represent与句子主语result之间为主动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填represents。
59. The idea “Yincaishijiao” means creating an education tailored to each________(个体). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】individual
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“因材施教”的意思是为每个人量身定制教育。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“个体”应为individual，因空前有each修饰，所以此处应使用名词单数形式。故填individual。
60 The immune system is our body’s d_________against infection and disease. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】defence##efence##defense##efense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：免疫系统是我们身体抵御感染和疾病的防御系统。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词defence或defense，作表语且不可数。故填defence/defense。
61. Not wanting to spend too much time taking buses to work, she rented a house n________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】nearby##earby
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她不想花太多时间乘公交车上班，就在附近租了一所房子。根据句意及首字母提示可知，nearby附近的，形容词，在句中作后置定语修饰名词house，故填nearby。
62. The school health department will take________(负责) of the physical examination fee. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】charge
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：体检费用由学校卫生部门负责。根据汉语提示可知，本题考查固定短语take charge of“负责”，故填charge。
63. Michael was________(沉浸于)in the details of the report and began to read without any break. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：迈克尔全神贯注地读着报告的细节，连读都没有休息。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“沉浸于”应为absorbed。故填absorbed。
64. Jenny has been a_________a scholarship at the University of Chicago. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】awarded##warded
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：珍妮获得了芝加哥大学的奖学金。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词与has been构成句子的谓语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为award意为“颁发，授予”，award与句子主语Jenny之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填awarded。
65. We all breathed a sigh of r_________as no one was hurt. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】relief##elief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当没有人受伤时，我们都松了一口气。根据单词首字母以及句意“松了口气”，可知应填名词relief，作宾语，短语a sigh of relief“松了口气”。故填relief。
第二节 完成句子(共5个小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
根据中文意思，使用括号内提示词的正确搭配或括号内的要求补全句子。
66. I prefer to make friends with those who have something_________(common) me.
我更喜欢和与我有一些共同点的人交朋友。
【答案】in common with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“和……有共同点”，使用固定短语in common with，故填in common with。
67. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses _________(advantage) the celebrations.
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动。
【答案】taking advantage of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“利用”，使用动词短语take advantage of，此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词短语take advantage of和宾语businesses之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填taking advantage of。
68. The reality show is popular with a large audience, _________(range) the elderly.
这个真人秀受大批观众欢迎，从小孩到老年人。
【答案】ranging from children to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“从小孩到老年人”，使用动词短语range from...to...，“小孩”使用名词复数children，空前无连词，故空处用非谓语动词，range和audience之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。故填ranging from children to。
69. The European Union_________(compose) 27 European countries.
欧盟由27个欧洲国家组成。
【答案】is composed of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“由……组成”，结合括号中的提示可知，此处使用固定短语be composed of，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语The European Union表示单数意义，be动词用is，故填is composed of。
70. We were moved by the perseverance of the rescue workers, who_________(eager) help people in danger.
我们被救援人员的坚韧品质所感染，他们渴望抢救遇险的人。
【答案】were eager to
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。根据句意和提示词可知，此处表示“渴望做某事”应为be eager to do sth.，根据主句中的谓语动词were可知，此处应为一般过去时态，who引导的定语从句，指代的为先行词the rescue workers为复数，所以be动词为were。故填were eager to。
第三节 应用文写作(满分15分)
71. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Rebecca在给你的邮件中提到她对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Rebecca回信，内容包括：
1、该人物是谁；
2、该人物的主要贡献；
3、该人物对你的影响。
注意：1、词数：100字左右。2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Rebecca,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Rebecca,
Overjoyed to receive your letter where you mention that you are enthusiastic about Chinese historic figures, I am writing to heartily recommend Zheng He to you.
Zheng He, leading a maritime expedition, made seven voyages on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, which strengthened harmonious relations with the areas he reached and spread Chinese civilization to the world. His extensively acknowledged accomplishments made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers. In fact, he inspires me to major in cultural exchange in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
I am fully convinced that my recommendation will trigger your enthusiasm for Chinese history figures. Feel free to contact me if you are eager to research more into Zheng He and his far-reaching impacts.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Rebecca在给你的邮件中提到她对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Rebecca回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
加强：strengthen→enhance
到达：reach→arrive at/in
完全：fully→completely
高兴：overjoyed→glad
2.句式拓展
陈述句变强调句
原句：His extensively acknowledged accomplishments made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers.
拓展句：It was his extensively acknowledged accomplishments that made Zheng one of China’s most influential explorers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Zheng He, leading a maritime expedition, made seven voyages on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, which strengthened harmonious relations with the areas he reached and spread Chinese civilization to the world. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Feel free to contact me if you are eager to research more into Zheng He and his far-reaching impacts. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
听力：1-5 BCCBC 6-10 ABACA 11-15 ABACA 16-20 BAACB
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