- 专题1.重点单词变形，词组，句型归纳及精练(必修第一册） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020） 试卷 2 次下载
- 专题10.必过语法非谓语动词 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020） 试卷 2 次下载
- 专题12.必过应用文写作（①建议信②推荐信③告知信④日记⑤邀请信） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020） 试卷 2 次下载
- 专题13.必过读后续写4技巧及素材积累 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020） 试卷 2 次下载
- 专题14.话题通关一（学校生活）（词汇 阅读 写作） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（通用版） 试卷 2 次下载
专题11.必过语法①强调句 ②倒装句 ③省略句 ④祈使句 ⑤感叹句 ⑥附加疑问句 ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020）
展开特殊句式
1.特殊句式包括：①强调句 ②倒装句 ③省略句 ④祈使句 ⑤感叹句 ⑥附加疑问句
2．高考考查热点：①强调句中的it和that ②特殊句式中的there be ③一些常用的固定表达结构
高频考点突破
考点1倒装句
一、完全倒装
完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。
用法 | 例句 |
1.There be/live/lie/stand/remain/exist/come/go/seem/appear to be/happen to be/used to be表示“存在”意义 | There lived a strange little man. 那里住着一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。 Once there lived an old fisherman by the sea. 从前，海边住着一位老渔夫。 |
2.以 here，there，off，out，in，up，down，away，now，then等开头，谓语是come，go，be等动词，且其主语为名词时，通常使用完全倒装 | Here goes the story. 这个故事是这样的。 Away flew the bird. 那只鸟飞走了。 Then came another question. 然后又一个问题被提出来了。 |
3.表示地点的介词短语，放在句首，构成完全倒装。此时谓语动词通常是不及物动词，且主语为名词 | In the cottage lives a family of six. 在这间小屋里住着一家六口。 On either side of the great avenue stood many buildings. 这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多大楼。 |
4.表语(形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语、副词等)置于句首，一般是主语较长或结构为较复杂的句子 | Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. 他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。 Standing around the teacher were her students. 老师周围站着的都是她的学生。 |
5.such位于句首 | Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这些。 |
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
条件 | 例句 |
1.so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语：表示“与前面所述的肯定情况相同” | He used to have his further study abroad, so did I. 他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。 |
2.neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语：表示“与前面所述的否定情况相同” | One of my friends cannot speak foreign languages, neither/nor can his wife. 我的一个朋友不会说外语，他的妻子也不会。 |
3.否定副词或短语置于句首时(否定词修饰主语除外)，句子通常采用部分倒装。常见的有：not，never，seldom，hardly，little，nowhere，rarely，scarcely，by no means，in no way，at no time，not until...，no sooner...(than)，hardly...(when)，not only...(but also) | Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before. 我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。 Not until twelve o’clock did he go to bed last night. 他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。 Not only was the city polluted, but (also) the streets were crowded. 不仅城市被污染，而且街道也很拥挤。 Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering. 他刚演讲完，观众便欢呼起来。 |
4.表语、谓语动词、状语的倒装： as, though引导的让步状语从句，其中表语、状语、动词等放在as或though之前 | Successful as he is, he is not proud. 尽管他取得了成功，但他并不骄傲。 Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。 |
5.so/such...that...句型中，so/such部分放在句首，该部分须采用部分倒装 | So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test. 形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。 Such a fine day is it that we’d like to play outside. 这么好的天气，我们一起去外面玩吧。 |
6.句子以were, had, should开头，省略if的虚拟条件句 | Were I you, I would go with them. 我要是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。 Should he come, say “Nobody in” to him. 万一他来了，对他说：“公司没人。” |
7.only与副词、介词短语及状语从句连用放在句首时 | Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次之后，他才来参加会议。 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 只有当病得很重时，他才卧床休息。 |
将下列句子变为倒装句
①She didn’t have supper until her mother returned.
→Not until her mother returned ．
②I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark.
→Hardly ．
③He learned the sad news only after the war.
→Only after the war ．
④He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.
→So clearly ．
考点2强调句
强调句型的基本结构
分类 | 用法 | 例句 |
陈述句 | It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。(强调成分：主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人，用who或that皆可；指物，只用that。) | It is my mother who/that does the cooking every day. 每天都是我妈妈做饭。(强调主语) It was the beautiful lady that/who I met in the hotel yesterday. 我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。 (强调宾语) It was in Beijing that we visited the Bird’s Nest and Water Cube. 正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语) |
一般疑 问句 | Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？ | Is it in 2012 that the 30th Olympic Games held in London? 是在2012年第30届奥运会在伦敦举行的吗？ |
特殊疑 问句 | 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他成分？ | How was it that your brother succeeded in finishing the difficult task? 你哥哥是怎样成功完成了那个困难的任务的？ |
not... until... | It is/was not until...that＋其他成分。 | It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it. 直到下车后我才意识到它。 |
强调谓 语动词 | 将助动词do，does或did放在动词原形之前 | She does like English. 她的确喜欢英语。 Do be careful while crossing the street. 过马路时一定要当心。 |
单句语法填空/补全句子
①It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.
②It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house __we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
③ the noise of the street stopped.
直到午夜，街上的嘈杂声才停止。
④ that you met your teacher in the street?
你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？
⑤He ，but you were out.
他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。
考点3省略句
一、状语从句的省略
用法 | 例句 |
1.表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让步等的状语从句的谓语含有be动词，且从句的主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是it时，常把从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。 | If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with you. 如果有必要的话，我和你一起去。 Be careful when(you are)crossing the street. 过马路时要当心。 |
2.用so或not代替上文内容，此时可用“if＋so/not”省略句式 | Get up early tomorrow.If not(＝If you don’t get up early) , you will miss the first bus. 明天要早起。如果不，你就赶不上首班公共汽车。 |
二、动词不定式的省略
用法 | 例句 |
1.在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。否定式的省略用not to。 | —Would you like to go with us? 你愿意和我们一起去吗？ —I’m glad to，but I’m too busy. 我很乐意去，但是我太忙了。 The boy wanted to smoke but was told by the teacher not to. 那个男孩想抽烟，但是老师不让那样做。 |
2.感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式要省略to；但被动语态中的to不可省略。 | I saw him enter the classroom just now. ＝He was seen to enter the classroom just now. 我刚才看见他走进了教室。 |
3.介词but，except前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。 | All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有等着瞧。 |
将下列省略句补充完整
①If true，this will cause us a lot of trouble.
→ .
②The medicine is quite effective if taken in time.
→ ．
③While standing there, he heard a cry for help.
→ .
考点4祈使句、附加疑问句和感叹句
一、祈使句
| 形式 | 例句 |
肯定式 | 动词原形(＋其他成分) | Go away! 滚开！ |
Let＋宾语＋动词原形 | Let me help you. 让我帮助你。 | |
Be＋过去分词 | Be seated, please！请坐。 | |
否定式 | 在肯定式之前加don’t或do not | Please don’t forget to take your medicine.请别忘了吃药。 Don’t be so anxious! 别那么紧张！ |
Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形 | Let her not stand up. 让她别站着。 | |
强调式 | Do＋动词原形 | Do give my regards to your parents. 务必/一定代我向你父母问好。 |
Never＋动词原形 | Never come late. 绝不要迟到。 | |
No＋(动)名词 | No parking! 禁止停车！ | |
表示假设 | (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝名词短语＋and＋陈述句＝if条件状语从句＋主句 (2)祈使句＋or＋陈述句＝if...not...＋主句 | Have a little patience and we’ll look into it soon. ＝If you have a little patience, we’ll look into it soon. 耐心点，我们很快就会调查此事的。 Work harder，or you’ll fail.＝If you don’t work harder，you’ll fail. 工作努力点，要不然你就会失败。 |
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, __(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
②Will you please read it again more slowly？(改为祈使句)
→ again more slowly, please.
③If you don’t listen to me, I’ll go.(改为同义句)
→ ,__or I’ll go.
二、附加疑问句
附加疑问句由“陈述句＋反意问句”构成，基本原则是“前否后肯，前肯后否”。
用法 | 例句 |
1.陈述部分是肯定意义时的附加疑问句：疑问部分用否定形式。 | You like traveling, don’t you？你喜欢旅游，是吗？ This is very important, isn’t it？这非常重要，是吗？ |
2.陈述部分含有否定词的附加疑问句：陈述部分有seldom, hardly, never, little, few, nothing, nobody等时，疑问部分用肯定形式。 | You wouldn’t like to take these pills, would you? 你不想吃这些药，是吗？ His father can’t name the plant, can he? 他父亲叫不出这种植物的名字，是吗？ |
3.陈述部分含有宾语从句的附加疑问句：主句谓语是think, believe, expect等词，且主语是第一人称I或we时，附加疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致，同时还要考虑到否定前移。 | I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？ I don’t think he will come on time, will he? 我认为他不会按时来，对吗？
|
4.must表推测，作“一定，准是”讲，反意问句部分根据must后的谓语动词形式及含义采用动词形式。 | You must be tired，aren’t you? 你一定很累，是吗？ He must have done it last night，didn’t he? 他一定是昨天晚上做的，是吗？ |
5.附加疑问句的回答：根据答语内容来确定用yes还是no。如果发生了，用肯定，否则用否定回答。当陈述部分是否定结构，附加问句用肯定形式时，回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是的”。 | —He likes playing football，doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？ —Yes, he does.是，他喜欢。 —No, he doesn’t. 不，他不喜欢。 —You haven’t seen the film，have you? 你没有看过这部电影，是吗？ —Yes, I have.不，我看过。 —No, I haven’t. 是的，我没有看过。 |
补全句子
①He isn’t old, ?
他不老，是吗？
②The man went away, ?
那个男人走开了，不是吗？
③Let’s go home, ?
回家吧，好吗？
④We don’t believe that the news is true, ?
我们认为消息不是真实的，对吗？
三、感叹句
| 形式 | 例句 |
What | What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ | What a clever boy he is! ＝How clever a boy he is! ＝How clever the boy is! 多聪明的男孩子啊！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多美的花啊！ How wonderful (it is)! 真棒！ How time flies! 时间过得真快啊！ |
What＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ | ||
How | How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ | |
How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)！ | ||
How＋主语＋谓语！ |
选择填空：what，how
① nice!
② an honest boy Tom is!
③ bad the weather in England is!
④ exciting news you’ve brought us!
综合训练
一.单句语法填空
1． a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before.
2．Jane won’t join us for dinner.Neither Tom.
3．Interesting it may seem, I don’t like it.
4．If you have a job, devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
5．John opened the door.There (stand)a girl he had never seen before.
6．Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went down?
7．Please do me a favor— (invite) my friend Mr.Smith to Youth Theater at 7：30 tonight.
8．He must be helping the old man to water the flowers， ?
9．It is this process allows us to keep memories of past events and facts.
10．If you want to be part of this special day, (join)the community as soon as possible.
二.同义句转换
1．If you use your head, you’ll find a way out.(改为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”)
→ .
2．Many buildings stood on either side of the great avenue.(改为全部倒装)
→ .
3．So far as I know, Mary seldom comes back to see her mother.(改为部分倒装)
→ .
4．He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.(就until部分进行强调)
→ .
5．Shortest as he is, he is the cleverest of the three.(改为正常语序)
→ .
6．Be careful when you are crossing the street.(改为状语从句的省略)
→ .
三.语法填空
Dear Zhang Yang,
1． time flies! It has been half a year since you left your hometown.It is natural for you not to get used to the life there.Here 2. (be) some suggestions for you.
First of all, you should respect the local customs and try to involve yourself in the natives’ lives.Just 3. the saying goes，“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”Secondly, 4. (be) afraid to communicate with American students and make friends with them.It is friendship 5. will bring you happiness and relaxation.What’s more, 6. not join in more outdoor activities? 7. in this way can you relax and have fun.Finally, mind your own manners when 8. (get)along with your friends.
I do 9. (hope) my suggestions will help.10. (may) you adapt to your new life and enjoy your stay there!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
四．写作
根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意本部分语法的使用
Have a healthy lifestyle
As we all know, health is very important.1. (只有当我们健康的时候，我们才能学习好和享受生活)．
However, many teenagers don’t pay any attention to their health, especially during the holiday.And 2.
(他们花了太多的时间看电视，玩游戏，网上聊天), which is bad for their health.Firstly, this may make them get near－sighted.Secondly,
- (他们很少走动), so their bodies become much weaker.Thirdly, they will lose the chance to communicate with others face to face,
4. (这可能会对他们的心理健康产生不良影响)．
In my opinion, they should spend less time in front of the TV or the computer.
5. (出去锻炼一下), play some sports and visit some friends.
专题9.必过语法谓语动词（时态，语态，主谓一致） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020）： 这是一份专题9.必过语法谓语动词（时态，语态，主谓一致） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020），文件包含专题9必过语法谓语动词时态语态主谓一致解析版docx、专题9必过语法谓语动词时态语态主谓一致原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
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