【暑假初三预备】外研版英语八年级（八升九）暑假第07讲-预习九上：定语从句 讲学案

第07讲 预习九上：定语从句

掌握并正确使用定语从句。

定语从句概念：

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。

定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句

如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.

             ↓    ↓            ↓

          先行词 引导词    从句（定语从句）

【难点突破1】

关系词的选用：

注意：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略

如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。

The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。

关系代词只能用that的情况

(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that

如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.

(2)当先行词是all(指物), much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.

如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you?

(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).

如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.

(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.

如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read.

(5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.

如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?

关系代词只能用which的情况

1)引导词前有介词

如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。

(2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that

如：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that)

定语从句中的主谓一致

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“one of+复数名词” 作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。”the one of/the only one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：He is the man who / that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人

 He is one of the students in his class who have been to Germany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一

考点一：关系词的选用

1．（2023·四川成都·统考二模）Chengdu is a big city ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life in.

A．whom B．who C．which

2．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考一模）We couldn’t believe the news ________ he told us.

A．that B．what C．who D．whom

3．（2023·福建南平·统考二模）He ________ has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.

A．who B．whom C．whose

4．（2023·湖北武汉·武汉西藏中学校联考一模）My teacher asks me to write a report about a book ________ name is Christmas Carol.

A．which B．whose C．who D．what

考点二：只能用that的情况

5．（2023年四川省达州市中考英语真题）—The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books ________ I have ever read.

—Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to ________ it again.

A．that, reading B．which, to read C．that, to read

6．（2022春·八年级单元测试）—The first thing _______ I do when I get to the office is to turn on the computer.

—That’s because you have to work on the computer. We even don’t have ________ computers in our office.

A．that; some B．that; any C．which; any D．which; some

7．（2022·九年级校考单元测试）I often think of the people and the things ________ I saw on Tian’anmen Square.

A．who B．whose C．that D．what

8．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）—Why do you call him Mr. Knowledgeable?

—Because he knows almost everything ________ we want to know.

A．which B．what C．who D．that

考点三：只能用which的情况

9．（2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测）He liked the film in ________ his favorite actor, Will Smith, played.

A．what B．where C．which

10．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）To enter a good high school, we shouldn’t only study the subjects in ________ we are interested.

A．that B．who C．which

11．（2023·全国·九年级专题练习）He seems not to have grasped ________ I meant, ________ greatly upsets me.

A．what; who B．that; that C．what; which D．how; which

12．（2023·全国·九年级专题练习）Do you know the city, Kunming, __________ is the capital city of Yunan?

A．where B．which C．who D．whose

考点四：定从的主谓一致

13．（2023·山东菏泽·统考二模）—What kind of movies do you like?

—I prefer movies ________ me something to think about.

A．whom give B．that gives C．which give

14．（2021·全国·九年级专题练习）He is the only one of the boys who ________ the piano well.

A．plays B．play C．playing D．are playing

15．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like?

—I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about.

A．who B．that C．what D．/

16．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin?

—Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to.

A．that B．who C．what

17．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）According to a recent study, adults ________ often do housework might stay healthy into old age.

A．when B．which C．who D．what

18．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）— Tom, what kind of stories do you prefer?

— The ones ________ have a happy ending.

A．that B．who C．those D．whom

19．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now?

—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.

A．that B．who C．what D．who

20．（2022·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ will live in our heart forever.

A．which B．who C．what

21．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Volunteering is a meaningful activity.

—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.　　

A．whom B．what C．who D．which

22．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of music do you like, Linda?

—I like music ________ I can dance to.

A．when B．that C．what

23．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）— Jeff, what are you watching?

— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.

A．who B．whom C．whose

24．（2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）He ________ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

A．whom B．/ C．which D．who

25．（2022·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like?

—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.

A．whom give B．who gives C．which give D．that gives

26．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—How exciting the speech is!

—Pretty good! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.

A．which B．that C．who

27．（2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.

A．which B．that C．who

28．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）I can’t forget the teachers and the university ________ I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.

A．that B．which C．what

29．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.

A．who B．whom C．which

30．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher?

—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.

A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our

31．（2022·湖南株洲·统考二模）Most kids like the friends ________ understand them well.

A．which B．who C．where

32．（2022·广西柳州·统考三模）The nurse ________ is looking after the old man in the hospital is David’s sister.

A．how B．which C．who

33．（2022·广西梧州·统考一模）The book _______ was written by him is popular among young people.

A．which B．who C．what D．whom

34．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考模拟预测）We all like the story about the teacher ________ happened in our school last week.

A．which B．who C．whom

35．（2022·甘肃定西·模拟预测）This is the best book ________ was written by Moyan, I think.

A．which B．that C．/ D．what

36．（2022·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made.

A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what

37．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）—Frank, look at the tall building ________ the workers are cleaning.

—It’s a newly opened shopping mall.

A．who B．that C．what

38．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）I like the cutest soft toys ________ my father bought for me last week.

A．that B．which C．who

39．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模）—What do you think of the mountain climbers?

—I look up to them very much. The spirit of the climbers ________ shows us that humans can be stronger tells us not to give up.

A．which B．of whom C．who

40．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考三模）It’s time to say goodbye to your middle school life. Remember to say thanks to those ________ have worked so hard for you in the past four years.

A．which B．who C．what

41．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模）We’ll never forget the people and buildings ________ we ________ in India.

A．which; visit B．that; visited C．who; visited

42．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模）—Have you seen the movie My People, My Country（我和我的祖国）?

—Sure. It is the most moving movie ________ I’ve ever seen.

A．which B．what C．that

43．（2022·黑龙江大庆·大庆外国语学校校考模拟预测）—Do you know the man ________ visited the Charity School?

—Yes. He is Mr. Li. It is said that it was his ________ visit to the school.

A．who; the fifth B．that; the fifth C．/; fifth D．who; fifth

44．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模）Each of us has a life goal ________ will guide us to a bright future.

A．who B．what C．which

45．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考模拟预测）—Who is the man ______ you talked with?

—He’s my close friend. He told me the most exciting adventure ______ he had.

A．who; that B．that; which C．that; that

46．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市萧红中学校考一模）Though we students are going to leave middle school, we should always remember the very good old days ________ we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates.

A．that B．on which C．which

47．（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）I have a good friend ________ name is Linda.

A．who B．that C．whose D．which

48．（2022·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考二模）The 19th Asian Games ________ theme is Heart to Heart, @ Future will be held in Hangzhou.

A．who B．whose C．which

49．（2022·黑龙江佳木斯·统考三模）—Do you know the pretty girl with ________ your neighbor is talking?

—Of course. She is a classmate of ________.

A．which; me B．who; my C．whom; mine

50．（2022·福建·模拟预测）A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. I will never forget all the teachers and friends with ________ I spent four years.

A．who B．whom C．whose