福建省龙岩市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省龙岩市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了答题前，考生务必用0，非选择题部分必须用0， What des Ms等内容，欢迎下载使用。

龙岩市一级校联盟2022~2023学年第二学期半期考联考
高一英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.选择题部分每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.非选择题部分必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color dress does the woman want to buy?
A. White. B. Red. C. Blue.
2. What is the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
3. What do the speakers mainly talk about?
A. The performance.
B. The dance class.
C. The best friend,
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Schoolmates.
5. What does Ms. Landon think of the boy?
A. He’s understanding.
B. He’s honest.
C. He’s lazy.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The popularity of English.
B. The study pressure on students.
C. Attitudes toward learning foreign languages.
7. What percentage of people are forced to learn a foreign language?
A.21%. B.27%. C.35%.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man’s problem?
A. He is unwilling to work.
B. He always feels hungry on holiday.
C. He doesn’t want to make dishes at home.
9. What causes the man’s problem according to the woman?
A. The feeling of being dull.
B. The long working hours.
C. The lack of cooking skills.
10. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end?
A. Take exercise. B. Do the housework. C. Have a rest.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. Why was Janet’s mother in a bad mood this morning?
A. She slept badly. B. Her bed was broken. C. Janet made a mistake.
12. What does Janet plan to do for her mother?
A. Do the dishes. B. Make the bed. C. Do the washing.，
13. Where is the man now?
A. In a living room. B. In a bathroom. C. In a kitchen.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the company s theme activity this year?
A. Collecting the trash in a park.
B. Using public transport to work.
C. Switching the lights off for an hour.
15. How will the man go to his office?
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus.
16. What do we know about the woman?
A. She won’t use her car anymore.
B. She joined the company last year.
C. She doesn’t live far away from her company.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. An assistant. B. A student. C. A scientific researcher.
18. What is the speaker doing?
A. Introducing a class.
B. Organizing activities.
C. Reporting research findings.
19. Why do students play the guitar in their dormitories according to the speaker?
A. To organize a concert.
B. To give a good performance.
C. To teach their roommates to play.
20. What is going to be discussed next?
A. Results of a study of mental health,
B. Benefits of doing different activities.
C. Reasons for conducting a survey of hobbies.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are you interested in ancient Britain? Take a trip back in time and discover the Britain the ancestors knew.
Maiden Castle, Dorset
Maiden Castle was built in about 600 BC. It was a simple and ordinary site in the early phase. Around 450 BC it was greatly expanded, making it the largest hill fort in Britain. During the medieval period, it was used only for agriculture. Thomas Hardy, who built his house within sight of it, described the castle in a short story. John Cowper Powys wrote a novel titled Maiden Castle, which was set in Dorset.
Avebury, Wiltshire
This village is the proud home of the largest stone circle in Europe. Built during the New Stone Age, it was thought to calm the power of nature. The nearby Avebury Manor offers hands on insights into how the village has developed over the centuries. Unlike most historical sites, interaction is encouraged here, and visitors are welcome to sit on the chairs and lie on the beds.
Skara Brae, Orkney Islands
Older than Stonehenge, Skara Brae is unusually well protected. It has been described as one of the most remarkable prehistoric monuments (史前遗迹) in all of Europe. The Neolithic village is made up of eight round houses, connected by a series of small passages. The village was home to farmers, hunters and fishermen. Be sure to keep warm to protect you against the strong Orkney winds.
Butser Ancient F arm, Hampshire
Butser Ancient Farm is an archaeological (考古的) open -air museum that was founded in 1970 by the Council for British Archaeology. It meant to create a working ancient farm where archaeologists could explore their theories on how people lived and worked during the Iron Age. The farm built ancient houses based on real archaeological sites from all over the country.
1. What do we know about Maiden Castle?
A. It’s now set for expansion.
B. It’s a suitable place for cultural activities.
C. It was seriously damaged by natural disasters.
D It provided creative inspiration for some writers.
2. Which place best suits tourists hoping to have direct access to historical objects?
A. Avebury. B. Skara Brae. C. Maiden Castle. D. Butser Ancient Farm.
3. Why did the Council for British Archaeology build Butser Ancient Farm?
A. To support local agriculture.
B. To attract visitors to ancient farms.
C. To carry out archaeological work conveniently.
D. To prove the historical importance of stone houses.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国四个著名的历史古迹。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Maiden Castle, Dorset中“Thomas Hardy, who built his house within sight of it, described the castle in a short story. John Cowper Powys wrote a novel titled Maiden Castle, which was set in Dorset. (托马斯·哈代（Thomas Hardy）在视线范围内建造了他的房子，他在一个短篇小说中描述了这座城堡。约翰·考珀·波伊斯（John Cowper Powys）写了一部名为《少女城堡》（Maiden Castle）的小说，故事发生在多塞特郡。)”可知，这两个作家都以Maiden Castle为灵感写了小说故事，所以说Maiden Castle为一些作家提供了创作灵感，故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Avebury, Wiltshire中“Unlike most historical. sites, interaction is encouraged here, and visitors are welcome to sit on the chairs and lie on the beds. (与大多数历史不同。这里鼓励互动，欢迎游客坐在椅子上躺在床上。)”可知，游客在Avebury可以接触历史物品，故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Butser Ancient Farm, Hampshire中“It meant to create a working ancient farm where archaeologists could explore their theories on how people lived and worked during the Iron Age. (这意味着创建一个古老的农场，考古学家可以在那里探索他们关于铁器时代人们如何生活和工作的理论。)”可推知，建造Butser Ancient Farm可以使考古工作更加便捷。故选C项。
B
Born to an adventure loving mom and a National Geogra phic’s photographer dad, Alison Teal was already exploring the world as a baby. The family traveled the globe staying not at five-star hotels but in a six-foot- wide tent. From cold mountaintops to hot jungles, they completely involved themselves in local nature and culture.
Between journeys, they would return home to a quiet and faraway part of the Big Island of Hawaii, where they built a solar- powered oceanfront rest center. The front yard was the ocean, and Alison’s friends were dolphins. She would dive into the water and release sea-weed. A dolphin would catch it on its nose or fin and throw it to the next player. Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison. They looked for her and came close to her in the water.
After graduating from university, she continued her world travels. Her adventurous childhood and life skills landed her a spot in the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and her partner had to live on an unwelcoming island for 21 days. Alison’s deep knowledge of how to live in a wilderness saved the pair, but what shocked her was the amount of trash washed up on the shore.
“After that, I couldn’t ignore our plastic problem. I shifted my focus and started to protect our greatest resource, the ocean,” says Alison. Swimming in familiar waters back home, she also found her dolphin friends were no longer tossing (抛) seaweed to each other, but plastic. “That was distressing,” she says.
Her book, Alison’s Adventures: Your Passport to the World, is filled with travel tales and environmental lessons. She also offers free adventure films to go along with each chapter on her YouTube and TikTok. Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth and, in turn, those we love. “Whether you’re a lawyer, a gardener, an artist, a teacher or a surfer, we can all help in our own ways,” she says.
4. What can we learn about Alison’s early life?
A. She led a lifestyle close to nature.
B. She failed to get on well with her parents.
C. She often felt lonely at her faraway home.
D. She trained dolphins for an oceanfront rest center.
5. What is mentioned about Naked and Afraid?
A. It was directed by Alison.
B. It was designed to protect the ocean.
C. Alison showed good survival skills in it.
D. Alison fell in love with writing books in it.
6. What does the underlined word “distressing” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Upsetting. B. Peaceful. C. Powerful. D. Unchangeable.
7. What message does Alison most probably want to convey in her book?
A. People should make better use of social media.
B. It is helpful to take some adventurous travels in life.
C. Everyone should do their part in environmental protection.
D. One has to make suitable changes to achieve a successful career.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Alison Teal探索世界的故事以及她的环保理念。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The family traveled the globe staying not at five-star hotels but in a six-foot- wide tent. From cold mountaintops to hot jungles, they completely involved themselves in local nature and culture.(这家人环游世界，住的不是五星级酒店，而是一个六英尺宽的帐篷。从寒冷的山顶到炎热的丛林，他们完全融入了当地的自然和文化。)”可知，Alison早期的生活方式接近自然。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Her adventurous childhood and life skills landed her a spot in the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and her partner had to live on an unwelcoming island for 21 days. Alison’s deep knowledge of how to live in a wilderness saved the pair, but what shocked her was the amount of trash washed up on the shore.(她的冒险童年和生活技能让她在真人秀节目Naked and Afraid中获得一席之地，在节目中她和她的伴侣不得不在一个不适合生活或工作的的岛屿上生活21天。艾莉森对如何在荒野中生存的深刻了解拯救了这两个人，但令她震惊的是冲上海岸的垃圾数量。)”可知，Alison在Naked and Afraid中展现了良好的生存技能，故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Swimming in familiar waters back home, she also found her dolphin friends were no longer tossing (抛) seaweed to each other, but plastic.(在家乡熟悉的水域游泳时，她还发现她的海豚朋友们相互投掷的不再是海藻，而是塑料。)”可知，海洋污染严重，这种情况是令人悲伤的，划线词distressing的意思是“使烦恼的”，和upsetting意思相近，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth and, in turn, those we love. “Whether you’re a lawyer, a gardener, an artist, a teacher or a surfer, we can all help in our own ways,” she says.(Alison相信我们所有人都可以做出改变来保护地球，反过来，保护我们所爱的人。她说:“无论你是律师、园丁、艺术家、教师还是冲浪者，我们都能以自己的方式提供帮助。”)”可知，Alison最想在她的书中传达的是每个人都应该为环境保护尽自己的一份力。故选C。
C
The White Nights Festival is an international art and music festival in Russia. It is celebrated during the season of the midnight sun when the Northern Lights shine at dusk and dawn. The festival usually takes place between May and July in Saint Petersburg.
The White Nights Festival was first celebrated in 1992. In 2011, it received worldly recognition as a cultural event. It can help strengthen the cultural communication between Russia and the whole world. It was also created to improve the image of Russia and promote it as a world center for the arts.
The White Nights Festival normally begins with a performance of the Stars of the White Nights. This performance is a must-see event that takes place at the Marinsky Theatre. It is an excellent production that combines historical artistic works and modern pieces. In addition, there are musical performances in the form of ballets, classical music and operas. Other events occur outside of the Stars of the White Nights, among which the most famous one is the over-night opening of some of Saint Petersburg’s most important museums and art galleries. Entry is free and visitors can admire collections of art and other exhibits after midnight.
The climax of the White Nights Festival is the “Scarlet Saints” celebration. Scarlet Saints involves an impressive display of fireworks and a pirates’ fight on Neva. The Scarlet Saints show is a celebration for students graduating from high school and is held on the weekend closest to the summer solstice (夏至). It has become popular with people from all walks of life thanks to the huge fireworks display, open air concerts and the multi-level water and light show. On the Neva River, a boat with red sails crosses the water, wishing graduates a smooth journey into adulthood where they can realize their ambitions.
This year the artistic director of the White Nights Festival is Valery Gergiev. He ensures that the White Nights Festival is an inclusive event that both children and adults can attend. Children look forward to the celebration of the end of the school year at the festival which is highlighted by the fireworks display. The events will be tailored towards the satisfaction of all attendees no matter their age or gender.
8. What is the main purpose of the White Nights Festival?
A. To make Russia a famous tourist attraction.
B. To promote cultural exchanges internationally.
C. To attract the interest from worldwide musicians.
D. To change people’s impression of Saint Petersburg.
9. What can we learn about the Stars of the White Nights?
A. It allows people to visit museums for free.
B. It contains different types of musical performances.
C It mainly reflects the modernity of Russian art.
D. It provides music lovers with many professional courses.
10. What’s the significance of the Scarlet Saints show?
A. It draws public attention to river protection.
B It helps prove the acting talent of some graduates.
C. It offers service jobs to people from all walks of life.
D. It expresses people’s wishes for the younger generation’s growth.
11. What is Valery Gergiev’ s expectation?
A. Local children can receive higher education.
B. His works can be praised by international artists.
C. All the attendees will be satisfied with the festival.
D. The festival will include more colorful outdoor activities.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是俄罗斯的一个国际艺术音乐节——白夜节的相关信息。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It can help strengthen the cultural communication between Russia and the whole world. It was also created to improve the image of Russia and promote it as a world center for the arts.(它可以帮助加强俄罗斯与全世界之间的文化交流。 它的创建也是为了改善俄罗斯的形象，并推广它作为世界艺术中心的地位。)”可知，白夜节是加强罗斯与全世界的文化交流，促使其成为世界艺术中心，由此可知，该艺术节为了促进国际文化交流。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is an excellent production that combines historical artistic works and modern pieces. In addition, there are musical performances in the form of ballets, classical music and operas.(这是一部将历史艺术作品与现代作品相结合的优秀作品。此外，还有芭蕾、古典音乐和歌剧等形式的音乐表演。)”可知，白夜之星展示了世界各种历史及现代的艺术作品，还有各种形式的音乐表演，由此可知，白夜之星表演中含有各种形式的音乐表演。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the Neva River, a boat with red sails crosses the water, wishing graduates a smooth journey into adulthood where they can realize their ambitions.(在涅瓦河上，一艘红帆船驶过水面，祝愿毕业生顺利进入成年期，实现自己的抱负。)”可知，在表演中，一艘红帆船划过水面送上对毕业生的祝愿，由此推断，猩红圣徒表演的意义是表达对年轻一代成长的祝愿。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He ensures that the White Nights Festival is an inclusive event that both children and adults can attend.(他确保白夜节是一个儿童和成人都可以参加的范围广泛的活动。)”以及“The events will be tailored towards the satisfaction of all attendees no matter their age or gender.(活动将为所有参与者量身定制，无论他们的年龄或性别。)”可知，在此次白夜节中，Valery Gergiev确保儿童和成年人都参与其中，并且为所有人量身定做，无论年龄和性别，由此可知，所有参加者都会对节日感到满意。故选C项。
D
While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music, Holly Herndon, an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon’s own voice.
When producing her album, PROTO, Holly trained datasets to write new music. The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence (AI). The neural networks then produce variations of that music. “Computers surprise you in a way that an instrument doesn’t,” Holly said. So what does music sound like when composed by what is essentially a robot? It sounds like music from the future!
But Holly Herndon isn’t the only one exploring AI in composition. Machines have played an increasingly important role in music over the last century. The godfather of computer science, Alan Turing, developed the first computer generated music in 1951. Then in 1980. David Cope from the University of California, Santa Cruz developed EMI — Experiments in Musical Intelligence, a system that analyzes existing music and produces new pieces based on it.
AI might not take over the job of the “pop star” anytime soon, or will it? Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. “I’m a model and singer. And I’m a robot,” Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer?
Though those questions are not easy to answer, I believe the next frontier of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly become wonderful as music and AI become even more closely connected.
12. What plays an important role in producing PROTO?
A. Holly’s special voice. B. The input of existing music.
C. Holly’s rich knowledge. D. The use of an instrument.
13. Why does the author mention the example of Miquela Sousa?
A. To promote deep thinking on AI musicians.
B. To show the popularity of smart robots.
C. To explain the tasks of computer-generated artists.
D. To make comparisons between human and robotic artists.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards music co- created by AI and humans?
A. Doubtful. B. Surprised. C. Confused. D. Confident.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The increasing diversity of AI music. B. The development of musical composition.
C. The history of computer-generated music. D. The combination of AI and musical composition.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon使用人工智能创作了新音乐。文章介绍了其操作过程以及关于对AI音乐人的深度思考。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence (AI).(该过程需要输入人工或人工智能（AI）创作的音乐数据)”可知，现有音乐的输入在产生原型中起着重要的作用。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. “I’m a model and singer. And I’m a robot,” Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer?( Miquela Sousa是一个电脑生成的艺术家，在Instagram上有超过一百万的粉丝。“我是一名模特兼歌手。我是一个机器人，”Miquela说。这就提出了一个问题：我们能用电脑重现创造力吗？)”可推知，作者提到Miquela Sousa的例子是为了促进对AI音乐人的深度思考。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though those questions are not easy to answer, I believe the next frontier of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly become wonderful as music and AI become even more closely connected.(虽然这些问题不容易回答，但我相信音乐的下一个前沿是介于两者之间。我可以看到人类创造力与人工智能相结合的新曙光。随着音乐和人工智能的联系越来越紧密，音乐的下一篇章肯定会变得非常精彩)”可推知，作者对AI和人类共同创作的音乐很有信心。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music, Holly Herndon, an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon’s own voice.(虽然大多数音乐家在创作音乐时都是与其他艺术家合作，但现居住在柏林美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon采取了不同的方式，使用名为Spawn的机器学习软件。该软件使用了模仿人类大脑结构的人工神经网络。这些网络在训练过程中从数据集中学习模式。根据这些数据，网络创造了新的材料，包括Herndon自己的声音)”结合文章主要说明了美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon使用人工智能创作了新音乐。文章介绍了其操作过程以及关于对AI音乐人的深度思考。可知，这篇文章主要讲了人工智能和音乐创作的结合。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
From now on, never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.____16____Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created: the human mind.____17____You are born a winner. You can be a success only if you make the right choice.
____18____Your level of self-esteem (自尊) is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life. People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are leaves tossed (摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather. You can control your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.____19____
____20____ If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.
In short, in all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.
A. Success is the result of hard work.
B. Success is a choice and not a chance.
C. Everything happens as a result of something.
D. Successful people realize that they are responsible.
E. Developing confidence is the only way to future success.
F. You cannot be successful without first developing your self- esteem.
G. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章主要围绕成功是一种选择而不是一种偶然这一论点展开论述。
【16题详解】
根据空前“From now on, never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.(从现在开始，不要把你宝贵的时间花在思考你失败和缺点的原因上)”可知，不要把你宝贵的时间花在思考你失败和缺点的原因上，空处应是接着说应该怎么做，G项“相反，要意识到成功的种子在你出生时就已经种在你体内了”符合语境，G项中“the seeds of success”与下一句中的“those seeds”呼应，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段末句“You can be a success only if you make the right choice.(只有做出正确选择，你才能成功)”可知，只有做出正确的选择才能成功，B项“成功是一种选择，而不是一种偶然”与下文语义一致，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Your level of self-esteem (自尊) is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life.(自尊的程度总是建立在你对自己的控制程度上，从而也建立在你对生活的控制程度上)”可知，本段是描述自尊和成功的关系，F项“如果不先培养自尊，你是不可能成功的”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.(失败者认为一切都是偶然发生的)”描述了失败者对生活中发生的事情的态度，空处应是接着说成功者的态度，D项“成功人士意识到他们是负责任的”符合语境，D项也与前文“You can control your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life.(只有在你相信自己对生活中发生的一切负责的程度上，你才能控制自己的生活)”呼应，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.(如果我们能找出原因，我们就能控制结果)”可知，此处是描述事情发生的因果关系，C项“任何事情的发生都是某件事的结果”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I, Nelson Mandela, was still a prisoner in Robben Island Prison in early 1977. Later the authorities announced the end of manual labor (苦力) and____21____some type of work for us to do in the____22____. I could now spend the day reading, writing letters or discussing____23____with my comrades (狱友). The free time also allowed me to pursue what became a hobby on Robben Island:____24____Almost from the beginning of my____25____on Robben Island, I asked the authorities for____26____to start a garden in the courtyard. For years, they refused without offering a reason. But____27____they gave in, and we were able to____28____a small garden on a narrow patch of earth. The soil in the courtyard was dry and____29____. In order to start my garden, I had to____30____a great many rocks to allow the plants room to grow. The authorities supplied me with____31____. I planted tomatoes, chilies and onions that did not____32____rich earth. The early harvests were poor, but they soon improved.
In some ways, I saw the garden____33____a metaphor for certain aspects of my life. Leaders must also look after their gardens; they, too, plant seeds, and then watch, cultivate, and harvest the results. Like gardeners, leaders must be____34____for what they grow; they must mind their work, try to drive back enemies,____35____what can be saved and eliminate what cannot succeed.
21. A. measured B. confirmed C. approached D. arranged
22. A. factory B. office C. courtyard D. shop
23. A. issues B. movies C. clubs D. games
24. A. fishing B. hunting C. woodcutting D. gardening
25. A. sentence B. absence C. visit D. stay
26. A. admission B. permission C. award D. advice
27. A. actually B. firstly C. particularly D. eventually
28. A. cut in B. cut off C. cut out D. cut down
29. A. dirty B. rocky C. sticky D. salty
30. A. remove B. drop C. lift D. throw
31. A. money B. technology C. seeds， D. knowledge
32. A. require B. reduce C. reserve D. recover
33. A. in B. as C. on D. to
34. A. eager B. ready C. grateful D. responsible
35. A. stream B. save C. conquer D. ensure
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nelson Mandela在罗本岛监狱服刑期间开辟自己的花园的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来当局宣布停止体力劳动，给我们安排了一些在院子里做的工作。A. measured测量；B. confirmed确认；C. approached靠近；D. arranged安排。根据后文“some type of work for us”指安排工作，应用arrange。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来当局宣布停止体力劳动，给我们安排了一些在院子里做的工作。A. factory工厂；B. office办公室；C. courtyard后院；D. shop商店。根据后文“to start a garden in the courtyard”可知，是在院子里工作。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在可以花一天的时间读书、写信或与我的狱友们讨论问题。A. issues问题；B. movies电影；C. clubs俱乐部；D. games游戏。根据上文“writing letters or discussing”可知，作者写信和狱友讨论问题。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段空闲时间也让我有了在罗本岛的爱好：园艺。A. fishing钓鱼；B. hunting打猎；C. woodcutting伐木；D. gardening园艺。根据后文“to start a garden in the courtyard”可知，作者把园艺作为爱好。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几乎从我在罗本岛服刑开始，我就请求当局允许我在院子里建一个花园。A. sentence判决，服刑；B. absence缺席；C. visit拜访；D. stay停留。根据第一句“I, Nelson Mandela, was still a prisoner in Robben Island Prison in early 1977.(1977年初，我，纳尔逊·曼德拉，还在罗本岛监狱服刑)”可知，此处指服刑开始。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几乎从我在罗本岛服刑开始，我就请求当局允许我在院子里建一个花园。A. admission承认；B. permission允许；C. award奖励；D. advice建议。根据上文“I asked the authorities for”指请求当局允许作者在院子里建一个花园。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是最终他们让步了，我们得以在一小块土地上开辟出一个小花园。A. actually实际上；B. firstly首先；C. particularly尤其；D. eventually最后。根据后文“they gave in”可知，在作者的坚持下，当局最终让步了。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是最终他们让步了，我们得以在一小块土地上开辟出一个小花园。A. cut in插嘴；B. cut off切断；C. cut out删除，开辟；D. cut down减少。根据后文“a small garden on a narrow patch of earth”指在一小块土地上开辟出一个小花园，应用cut out。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：院子里的土壤又干又多石。A. dirty脏的；B. rocky多岩石的；C. sticky粘性的；D. salty咸的。根据后文“a great many rocks”可知，院子里的土壤又干又多石。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了开始我的花园，我不得不移走许多石头，让植物有生长的空间。A. remove去除；B. drop落下；C. lift举起；D. throw扔掉。根据后文“a great many rocks to allow the plants room to grow”可知，要开始花园，要移走许多石头，让植物有生长的空间。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当局给我提供了种子。A. money金钱；B. technology科技；C. seeds种子；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“I planted tomatoes, chilies and onions”可知，花园需要种子。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我种了不需要肥沃土壤的西红柿、辣椒和洋葱。A. require需要；B. reduce减少；C. reserve预订；D. recover恢复。根据后文“rich earth”指这些作物不需要肥沃土壤。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在某些方面，我把花园看作是我生活某些方面的隐喻。A. in在里面；B. as作为；C. on在上面；D. to朝着。根据后文“a metaphor for certain aspects of my life”指把花园看作是生活某些方面的隐喻，短语为see sth. as。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像园丁一样，领导者必须对他们种植的东西负责；他们必须专心工作，设法击退敌人，挽救能挽救的，消灭不能成功的。A. eager渴望的；B. ready准备好的；C. grateful感谢的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文“for what they grow”可知，像园丁一样，领导者必须对他们种植的东西负责。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像园丁一样，领导者必须对他们种植的东西负责；他们必须专心工作，设法击退敌人，挽救能挽救的，消灭不能成功的。A. stream流动；B. save拯救；C. conquer占领；D. ensure确保。根据后文“what can be saved”指挽救能挽救的，故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dala Horse: The Symbol of Sweden
While____36____(wander) around a Swedish Christmas market, you’ll likely come across booths selling carved wooden horses, typically painted in bright colors and beautiful patterns. These traditional Swedish toys are more than a classic holiday gift____37____a travel souvenir: the Dala horse has become intertwined (交织) with____38____very image of Sweden itself.
The little wooden horses of Sweden were____39____(original) carved by men that worked in the forests during the winter. When they returned____40____their villages, they gave the horses to children as playthings. This was in the 17th century____41____the horses were also sold at market in small towns and villages. The horses were painted in bright colors that____42____(inspire) by the furniture in the region. Finally, even young children learned to carve wooden horses.
The____43____(globe) attention didn’t come until the 20th century in the 1939 New York World’s Fair. That was because an enormous Dala horse was placed outside the Swedish pavilion, which caused excitement throughout the____44____(crowd) of visitors. After this, the Dala horses were regarded as a symbol of Sweden and mass production of the horses____45____(start). Since then, Dala horses have been popular souvenirs.
【答案】36. wandering
37. or 38. the
39. originally
40. to 41. when
42. were inspired
43. global 44. crowds
45. started
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍象征瑞典的达拉木马的历史。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在瑞典的圣诞市场闲逛时，你可能会遇到卖雕刻木马的摊位，这些木马通常涂着鲜艳的颜色和美丽的图案。空处应填非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，wander和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填wandering。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：这些传统的瑞典玩具不仅仅是经典的节日礼物或旅行纪念品：达拉马已经与瑞典本身的形象交织在一起。结合句意可知，此处指“经典的节日礼物或旅行纪念品”，表示选择关系，应用连词or。故填or。
【38题详解】
考查定冠词。句意同上。image前有very修饰，表示特指，故此处用定冠词。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：瑞典的小木马最初是由冬天在森林里工作的人雕刻的。修饰动词carved，应用副词形式，故填originally。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：当他们回到村庄时，他们把马给孩子们当玩具。return to回到，固定搭配。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是在17世纪，当时马也在小城镇和村庄的市场上出售。空处引导定语从句，先行词是17th century，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。
【42题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些马被涂上了明亮的颜色，灵感来自该地区的家具。that引导定语从句，指代先行词colors在句中作主语，和动词inspire之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，that表示复数意义，be动词用were。故填were inspired。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：直到20世纪的1939年纽约世界博览会，全球才开始关注。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词attention，global全球的，符合题意。故填global。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这是因为瑞典馆外放置了一匹巨大的达拉马，引起了成群结队的游客的兴奋。crowds of成群的，一大群，固定短语，故填crowds。
【45题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在此之后，达拉马被视为瑞典的象征，并开始大规模生产。and连接并列句，根据were可知，此处用一般过去时，故填started。
第三节 句子填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分。66—70每小题1分，每空0.5分，共5分，71-75 每小题1分，共5分。)
根据括号内的汉语提示，用本学期所学单词或短语的正确形式把下列句子补充完整，每空一词。
46. We can get the most________(更新的) information from large________(数据库). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 ①. updated ②. databases
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：我们可以从大型数据库中得到最新的信息。根据汉语提示可知，updated更新的，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词information；database数据库，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，在句中作介词from的宾语。故填①updated②databases。
47. She will never forget the________(时刻) when she saw all the audience________(鼓掌) their hands and cheering after her performance. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 ①. moment ②. clapping
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动词。句意：她永远不会忘记她表演后看到所有观众鼓掌欢呼的那一刻。根据汉语提示可知，moment时刻，可数名词，此处表示特指，应用单数形式，在句中作宾语；clap鼓掌，动词，结合句意可知，此处指“看到所有观众鼓掌欢呼的那一刻”，用动词短语see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，故第二空用现在分词，故填①moment②clapping。
48. A virtual choir________(使能够) them to add their voices to those of other________(个人) and become part of the global community. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 ①. enables ②. individuals
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：虚拟唱诗班使他们能够将自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，成为全球社区的一部分。根据汉语提示可知，enable使能够，动词，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语choir是名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；individual个人，可数名词，由空前的other可知，此处应用复数形式，在句中作of的宾语。故填①enables②individuals。
49. The peaceful landscape and its many green countries is a true________(盛宴) for eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and________(牛群). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 ①. feast ②. cattle
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：宁静的风景和许多绿色的国家是一场真正的视觉盛宴，起伏的绿色山丘上点缀着绵羊和牛群。根据汉语提示可知，feast盛宴，可数名词，由a可知应用单数形式，在句中作表语；cattle牛群，是集合名词，和名词sheep并列在句中作介词with的宾语。故填①feast②cattle。
50. Being online is no excuse for being________(粗鲁), and you don’t want to become a________(目标) for a troll or cyberbully. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 ①. rude ②. target
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：上网并非行为粗鲁的借口，而且你也不想成为网络挑事者或网络恶霸的目标。根据汉语提示可知，rude粗鲁的，形容词，在句中作表语；target目标，可数名词，由a可知应用单数形式，在句中作宾语。故填①rude②target。
51. When you________ ________(经历) tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. go ②. through
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：当你经历艰难时期时，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人。“经历”是go through，由meet可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语是you，空格处动词用原形，故填go，through。
52. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack,________ ________ ________(一样也) share the same currency and military defence. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. as ②. well ③. as
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们使用同样的旗帜，被称为英国国旗，以及使用同样的货币和军事防御。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用固定短语为as well as。故填①as；②well；③as。
53. You should volunteer. You________ ________ ________(能够) performing at music festivals. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. are ②. capable ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你应该做志愿服务。你有能力在音乐节上表演。“能够”是be capable of，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是you，be动词用are，故填are，capable，of。
54. He________ ________ ________ ________(爱上) Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. fell ②. in ③. love ④. with
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当他为大学合唱团演唱时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。根据汉语提示可知短语为fall in love with，结合后文sang可知为一般过去时。故填fell in love with。
55. The four countries that________ ________(属于) the United Kingdom work together in some areas. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. belong ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这四个属于联合王国的国家在某些领域进行合作。根据汉语提示可知短语为belong to，陈述客观事实，谓语与先行词The four countries保持一致，应用原形。故填belong to。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Eric来信请你为他班的班报“Diverse Cultures”栏目写一篇有关中国传统文化的文章。请给他回复，内容包括：
1.欣然应允;
2.你准备写的内容;
3.说明你的理由。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Eric,
I’m more than willing to write an article about traditional Chinese culture for your class newspaper. As you know, Chinese tea culture has been formed since ancient times and Chinese tea has gained increasing popularity worldwide, so I’ll introduce Chinese tea culture in this article. To let you have a comprehensive understanding of it，my article will involve some aspects of it, such as the types of Chinese tea and the benefits of drinking tea. Additionally，if you have anything to add, please let me know.
Yours.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Eric来信请你为他班的班报“Diverse Cultures”栏目写一篇有关中国传统文化的文章。
【详解】1.词汇积累
乐意：be willing to do sth→ be happy to do sth
获得：gain→ obtain
传统的：traditional→ conventional
涉及，包括：involve→ include
2.句式拓展
同义句转化
原句：As you know, Chinese tea culture has been formed since ancient times and Chinese tea has gained increasing popularity worldwide, so I’ll introduce Chinese tea culture in this article.
拓展句：It is known that Chinese tea culture has been formed since ancient times and Chinese tea has gained increasing popularity worldwide, so I’ll introduce Chinese tea culture in this article.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 As you know, Chinese tea culture has been formed since ancient times and Chinese tea has gained increasing popularity worldwide, so I’ll introduce Chinese tea culture in this article.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Additionally，if you have anything to add, please let me know. (if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A young boy named Alex wanted to be a great basketball player. He had a natural talent for the sport and loved playing it whenever he could. However, he was also very small and not very strong, which made it difficult for him to compete against bigger and stronger players.
Alex was often discouraged by his lack of size and strength. He would see other players who were bigger and more muscular than him and wonder if he would ever be able to compete against them. But he never gave up. He kept practicing and working hard, pushing himself to improve every day.
One day, Alex heard that his school was holding a basketball tournament. He was excited and immediately signed up for the tournament. However, Alex faced a big challenge during the tournament. The other team was bigger and stronger, and Alex found himself struggling to keep up. He missed several shots and made some mistakes that cost his team points. He felt embarrassed, frustrated and wanted to give up. He thought he was not good enough to compete against the best players in the school.
注意：
1.续写词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
But his coach, who noticed Alex’s discouragement, pulled him aside.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
But his coach, who noticed Alex’s discouragement, pulled him aside. He said, “Alex, you have been practicing for so long. You can do this. Don’t give up now.” Hearing his coach’s words, Alex decided to fight. With sweat streaming down his back, he kept giving his best efforts, even when the game seemed lost. Gradually, Alex’s team started to catch up. In the final minutes of the game, Alex had the ball in his hands. He scored, and Alex’s team won the game! Alex held his hands high with the gesture of “V”, winning applauses from the audience! Splendid smiles on his face bloomed just like flowers in summer. He realized that giving up too soon would have made him miss out on an incredible opportunity to learn and grow.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个名叫亚历克斯的小男孩想成为一名伟大的篮球运动员。他有这项运动的天赋，一有机会就喜欢玩。然而，他也非常小，不是很强壮，这使得他很难与更大更强的球员竞争。一次比赛中他犯了一些错误，让球队丢了分。最后的教练的鼓舞下，亚历克斯帮助球队赢了比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由首句内容“但他的教练注意到亚历克斯的沮丧，把他拉到一边。”可知，后文可描写亚历克斯在教练的鼓励下没有放弃，最终帮助球队赢得比赛的经过。
2.续写线索：教练鼓励——下定决心——追赶比分——赢得比赛——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
放弃：give up /quit
流下：stream down / downflow
机会：opportunity /chance
情绪类
沮丧：discouragement /depression
灿烂：splendid / bright
【点睛】[高分句型1] With sweat streaming down his back, he kept giving his best efforts, even when the game seemed lost .(运用了with的复合结构)
[高分句型2] He realized that giving up too soon would have made him miss out on an incredible opportunity to learn and grow. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
听力答案：1~5 CBACB 6~10 CABAA 11~15 ACCBA 16~20 CACBB