高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修6 Unit 18 Beauty Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修6 Unit 18 Beauty Word版含解析，共16页。



[话题素材]
好词
1．fashionable adj. 流行的；时髦的→fashion n. 时尚；时装
2．perfect adj. 完美的
3．deed n. 行为
4．physical adj. 身体上的
5．kindness n. 仁慈；好心
6．spiritual adj. 精神上的
7．appearance n. 外貌
8．activity n. 活动
9．be made up of 由……构成
10．have fun with 玩得开心
11．draw/attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
12．think_highly_of 高度赞扬
13．be ready to help others 乐意助人
佳句
1．So disappointed was_the_beauty_that she even thought of giving up.
那个美人是如此失望以至于她甚至想到了放弃。
2．You may focus_on one aspect of fashion or every aspect.
你可以专注于时尚的某一方面或者方方面面。
[精美语篇]
The Standard of Beauty
It has been admitted that beautiful outlook can bring people a lot of attention. The beautiful persons always win the chances to be successful. But what is the standard of beauty？Different times have different standards. In our parents' generation, it was believed that a girl should be a little fatter, because it meant that she lived a better life, while the thin girl would be thought to be lacking in happiness. But today, the standard of beauty has changed. The most important standard of beauty is to be thin. The thinner, the better. When we look at the commercial ads, all of the models are skinny. With the beautiful dress, they look so gorgeous. When I see my friends work so hard to lose weight, I feel worried about them. They don't have to do it, the beauty's standard will change over time. We should stay the way we are.

高频单词
1．breathless (adj.) 令人屏息的→breath (n.) 呼吸→breathe (v.) 呼吸
2．superior (adj.) 高级的，上等的
3．consistent (adj.) 一致的，始终如一的→consistency (n.) 连贯性，一致性
4．accompany (vt.) 陪同，伴随→accompaniment (n.) (音乐)伴奏
5．range (n.) (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围
6．command (n.) 命令，指挥→command (v.) 命令，指挥→commander (n.) 指挥官
7．accessible (adj.) 容易理解的→access (n.) 接近，进入，通道，利用……的权利/机会
8．deliver (vt.) 递送，传送→delivery (n.) 递送，传送
9．refresh (vt.) 消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshing (adj.) 使人精神振作的→refreshment (n.) 恢复精神，心旷神怡
10．thrill (n.) 兴奋；恐惧　(vt.) 使兴奋
11．dignity (n.) 尊贵；庄严
12．tendency (n.) 倾向，趋势→tend (v.) 有……的趋势，倾向于……
13．disturbing (adj.) 使人烦恼的→disturb (v.) 妨碍，扰乱→disturbance (n.) 扰乱，骚乱，不安
14．freezing (adj.) 严寒的，冰冻的→freeze (v.) 将……冷冻，冻僵→frozen (adj.) 结冰的，冷冻的
15．bend (v.) 弯曲→bend (n.) 弯曲，转弯处→bent (adj.) 弯曲的
16．convey (vt.) 传达，表达→conveyance (n.) 传送，运送
17．treat (vt.) 对待→treatment (n.) 对待，处理
18．strike (vt.) 打；打动→striking (adj.) 引人注目的，突出的→strike (n.) 罢工，打击
19．evident (adj.) 明显的，明白的→evidence (n.) 证据，征兆
20．recommend (vt.) 推荐，介绍→recommendation (n.) 推荐，介绍
重点短语
1．die_out　完全消失，灭绝
2．to_be_honest 说实话
3．fall_in_love_with 爱上
4．be_trapped_in 被困在……中
5．be_tired_to_death 被烦死
6．be_tired_of 对……厌倦
7．in preparation for 为……做准备
8．rely on 依靠，依赖
9．be keen on... 热衷于……，非常喜欢
10．lose sight of 看不见，忽略
11．in an instant 立即，马上，突然
12．hang on a second 等一下
13．bits and pieces 各种各样的零碎东西
热点句型
1．否定前移结构，“I don't think...”
Oh, I don't_think that's fair！(教材P37)
噢，我认为那不公平。
2．so引导的部分倒装句
So do_I．(教材P37)
我也一样。
3．独立主格结构，“名词＋过去分词”。
Eyes_raised,_I see the moon so bright; Head_bent,_in homesickness I am drowned. (教材P38)
举头望明月，低头思故乡。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Standards of beauty change ________ time and cultural groups.
答案：across
2．So ________ is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well.
答案：it
3．In other cultures, ________ (look) thin for a husband­to­be is not what a woman desires at ________－rather, looking a little overweight is considered more attractive.
答案：looking; all
4．Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an ________ (attract) to something deeper within a person.
答案：attraction
5．It takes more than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much more important ________ physical beauty.
答案：than
6．But it is inner beauty ________ requires us to truly see.
答案：that
7．The stockings had been ________ (hang)．
答案：hung
8．And then, in ________ instant, I heard on the roof the stepping and scratching of each little hoof.
答案：an
9．After ________ (look) around and scratching his nose, he gave a nod, and up the chimney he rose.
答案：looking
10．Merry Christmas ________ all. And to all a good night.
答案：to


1　　superior　adj.高级的，上等的； 优越的，更好的　n．上级，上司


For me, she's superior. I really adore her.(P33)
对我来说，她是非常优秀的，我真的很喜欢她。


－特别提示－
superior/senior/junior/inferior作形容词用时，没有比较级。与介词to连用表示“和……相比”，而表示“在……方面”时用介词in。
①[2014·辽宁高考]These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding, but that also lead to superior revision in the future.
两个实验表明手写笔记不仅对短时记忆有好处，而且会导致未来的更好复习。
②[2014·天津高考]I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel.
几天前我开车去寄一个小包裹，这之前关于这件事我一直感到很优越。
③[牛津词典]The enemy forces were superior in numbers.
敌军在数量上占优势。
④[牛津词典]She works well with those superior_to her in the firm.
她与公司中的那些上级主管合作愉快。
⑤[朗文词典]I believe Matisse's work is_superior_to Picasso's.
我认为马蒂斯的作品比毕加索的更胜一筹。
⑥Anna's work is so good that the other children feel inferior_to her.
安娜的作业做得太好了使别的孩子都感到不如她。
2　　

...She was stating that there was no consistent view on beauty. (P34)
她声称，关于“美”没有始终如一的观点。

(1)be consistent with... 与……一致
(2)consist of 由……组成，由……构成(不能用于被动语态，不能用于进行时态，作定语或状语时用consisting of)
(3)consist in 在于，存在于
①[2014·福建高考]Success consists_in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
成功在于百折不挠。
②[2013·广东高考]Consistent,_hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want.
始终如一的努力工作并不会保证你可能想要的成功水平。
③[人教⑤－2]Make sure that the tenses are consistent.
确保时态一致。
④[牛津词典]What you say now is not consistent_with what you said last week.
你现在说的话与你上星期说的话不相符。
⑤[人教⑤－2]How many countries does the UK consist_of?
大不列颠联合王国由多少个国家组成？
3　　

Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction to something deeper within a person.(P34)
一个人的外在美也一定要有内在魅力来伴随。

(1)accompany sb. to 陪同某人去……
be accompanied by/with 由……陪同，伴有……
accompany sb. on/at the piano 弹钢琴为某人伴奏
(2)company n．[U] 陪同，伙伴
keep sb. company 陪伴/陪同某人
in company with... 与……一起
①Our trained leaders will accompany you and tell you everything you need to know.
我们训练有素的领队将陪同你，告诉你需要知道的一切。
②[牛津词典]Strong winds are usually accompanied_by heavy rain.
狂风夹杂着暴雨。
③[牛津词典]I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
我得要求你陪我去一趟警察分局。
④[朗文词典]Mary sang and I accompanied her on the piano.
玛丽唱歌，我弹钢琴伴奏。
4　　

This particular kind of attraction is found in a wide range of personal qualities, e．g. kindness...(P34)
这种特殊的魅力存在于不同的人格个性特征中，例如仁慈……

(1)a wide/full range of 一系列，各种
within/in range (of sth.) 在可及的范围内
beyond/out_of range (of sth.) 超出……的范围
(2)range from...to... 在……范围内变动，包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
图解助记

①[2013·北京高考]The tail helps to keep that range_of motion (动作) and build muscles (肌肉)．
尾巴帮助保持动作范围和肌肉的构建。
②[外研③－1]Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.
在意大利和法国之间，有一座叫阿尔卑斯的山脉。
③[北师大⑧－23]College students are of many different ages and come from a_wide_range_of social, cultural and economic backgrounds.
大学生们年龄参差不齐，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景。
④[朗文词典]The population of the city ranges_between 3.5 and 4 million.
该市人口在350万到400万之间。
⑤[牛津词典]His interests ranged_from chess to canoeing.
他的爱好从下国际橡棋到滑独木舟，范围很广。
5　　

He used to be a general in command of the army, but now he is a doorkeeper.(P35)
他过去是一个军队里的将军，但现在却是一位看门的人。

(1)in command of 掌握，控制
at one's command 奉某人的命令
under one's command 由某人指挥/处在某人控制下
take command (of) 控制
have a good command of 精通……；对……掌握熟练
(2)command sb._to_do_sth. 命令某人做某事
command that sb._(should)_do sth. 命令……
①[朗文词典]How many officers are under_your_command?
有多少军官受你的指挥。
②[朗文词典]Fukiko has_a_good_command_of English.
富贵子的英语很流利。
③[牛津词典]I'm here at_the_King's_command.
在下奉谕旨至此。
④[牛津词典]The officer commanded his men to_fire.
军官命令士兵开火。
⑤The tribunal has commanded that all copies of the book (should)_be destroyed.
法庭命令必须将这本书的所有印本都销毁。
－特别提示－
command后面的宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词使用(should＋)动词原形。
6　　

...but I like it because it's delivered with such energy.(P36)
……但是我之所以喜欢它是因为它表达出这样的活力。

(1)deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送/传送给某人
deliver a speech/lecture/talk 发表演讲/授课/讲话
deliver sb. to... 把某人移交，交给……
deliver a_baby 接生
(2)delivery n. 递送，发送
on delivery 收到货时
special/express delivery 快递
图解助记

①[2014·浙江高考]Deliver the invitations in person to everyone who lives on your street and chat with each for five minutes before moving on the next house.
在你搬到新家前，你应亲自送邀请卡给你家附近的人，并与他们交谈至少五分钟。
②[朗文词典]I'm having some furniture delivered_to the apartment.
我正在找人把几件家具搬到公寓去。
③[牛津词典]She delivered_a_talk on philosophy to the society.
他给学会做了一次有关哲学的讲话。
④[牛津词典]Her baby was_delivered by her own doctor.
她的婴儿是由她自己的医生接生的。
⑤She was_delivered of a healthy boy.
她生了一个健康的男孩。
7　　

It conveys the poet's affection for a peaceful night.(P39)
它表达了诗人对宁静和平的夜晚的喜爱。

(1)convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传达某物
convey one's feelings/meanings 表达感情/意思
convey one's best wishes/regards to sb. 代表某人向某人表达最美好的祝愿
(2)convey sb./sth. from A to B 把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
图解助记

①[牛津词典]The train conveys both passengers and goods.
这列火车既载人又载货。
②[2014·浙江高考]What is the message conveyed in the story?
故事中文章表达了什么含义？
③[朗文词典]Please convey my thanks to her.
请转达我对她的谢意。
④[牛津词典]Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
通过管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器。
⑤[2015·浙江高考]Graphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information, especially numbers, percentages, and other data.
图表可作为传达信息的一个非常有用的工具，尤其是数字、百分比和其他数据。
8　　

Her sisters, Felicie and Adelaide, are nasty and treat Beauty as a servant.(P40)
她的姐姐，费利西娅和阿德莱德，都很凶狠，把美女当仆人看待。

(1)treat sb. well/badly 善待/虐待某人
treat...as/like/with 以……态度/方式对待
treat sb. for...with... 用……为某人治疗……
treat sb./oneself to 款待/请某人/自己……
(2)be one's treat 某人请客
(3)treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理
－特别提示－
treat和cure都有“治疗”之意，但前者强调过程，后者强调结果。
①[2015·北京高考]—Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes, we were_treated_well by our hosts.
——你在聚会上玩得开心吗？
——开心。我们得到了主人们很好的款待。
②[2014·陕西高考]Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment.
男人和女人在教育和雇佣方面必须被平等对待。
③[2013·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.
好的公众演讲训练应该把你当作一个有着个人习惯的特殊个体来对待。
④Beijing is able to treat 90 percent of waste water.
北京有能力处理90%的废水。
⑤[朗文词典]Eleven people were_treated_for minor injures.
有11个人因受轻伤接受了治疗。
⑥[朗文词典]We're treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.
我们打算请妈妈吃生日晚餐。
⑦[朗文词典]Put away your money—dinner's my_treat.
把你的钱收起来，这顿饭由我请客。
9　　

...it is in black and white, the striking use of light makes it seem at times like a moving painting.(P40)
……它是黑白相间的，光线的定时使用使它有时看起来像一幅移动的画。

(1)be struck with/by 为……所侵袭/所触动(感动)
It/An idea strikes sb. that...＝It/An idea occurs to_sb. that... 某人突然想到一个……主意
(2)go_on strike 举行罢工(动作)
be_on strike 举行罢工(状态)
(3)striking adj. 引人注目的，突出的
①[2013·湖北高考]I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.
我仍然喜欢记录书中打动我的想法和引用语或者是特别有意义的评论。
②[牛津词典]He struck his head on the beam.
他的头撞在梁上。
③Last month, part of Southeast Asia was_struck by floods.
上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾。
④She was practising surfing when a shark struck her.
她练习冲浪时，一头鲨鱼突然攻击了她。
⑤[朗文词典]It_struck_me_that he was probably nervous as well.
我突然想到，他很可能也非常紧张。
⑥The workers will go_on_strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
如果工人们提出的要求被拒，他们将罢工。
⑦[牛津词典]Four o'clock has just struck on the church clock.
教堂的时钟刚敲过四点。
易混辨析
beat
“打”，含有连续的意思，通常指一种有意的举动
hit
“打中，对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点
knock
“打，敲，撞击”，常与at, on, against, over, down, off等连用
strike
“打，敲打”，一般指急促的或突然的一次用力的打击或敲击。也指用手所持的东西一击
⑧用hit/strike/beat/knock的适当形式填空
a．He ________ the boy on the nose.
b．[2015·湖南高考]My panic was rising and I could feel my heart ________ wildly.
c．She had been ________ on the side of the head.
d．Someone was ________ on the door.
答案：a.hit B．beating
C．struck D．knocking
10　　

I recommend it for the whole family.(P40)
我向全家推荐它。

(1)recommend sb. for sth. 推荐(某人)担任(某职位)
recommend sth. for 推荐某物用来做……
recommend sb. as 推荐某人为……
recommend sb._sth.＝recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
(2)recommend sb. to_do_sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend doing_sth. 建议做某事
建议……
[从句中的谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形]
①I don't know what to read. Can you recommend anything?
我不知道该读些什么，你能推荐点什么吗？
②[牛津词典]She was strongly recommended_for the post.
她获大力推荐，担任这个职务。
③[牛津词典]I can recommend him as an extremely good accountant.
我推荐他一定能当个极好的会计。
④[朗文词典]I recommend this book to anyone who likes adventure stories.
我向所有喜欢冒险小说的人推荐这本书。
⑤[牛津词典]I recommended_(you)_meeting him first.
我建议(你)先见见他。
⑥[牛津词典]I wouldn't recommend you to_go there alone.
我劝你不要孤身一人到那里去。
⑦Teachers recommend parents (should)_not_allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
老师建议父母们，为了孩子的安全，不要让十二岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．[牛津词典]This cloth is superior ________ that.
答案：to　be superior to “比……优越(好，强)”。
2．[2014·湖南高考]Children, when ________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
答案：accompanied　accompany的逻辑主语为children，且与逻辑主语之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词。
3．Applicants will be expected to have a good ________ of English.
答案：command　have a good command of “精通”。
4．The teacher commanded that he ________ (go) out of the classroom.
答案：(should) go　command后that引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。
5．Please convey my good wishes ________ your mother.
答案：to　convey sth. to sb. “向某人表达/传达某物”。
6．[牛津词典]What ________ (strike) me was their enthusiasm for the work.
答案：struck
7．[2013·浙江高考]Eye doctors recommend that a chilD s first eye exam ________ (be) at the age of six months old.
答案：(should) be　recommand后跟that引导的宾语从句，用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。
8．[朗文词典]Republicans challenged him on issues ranging from abortion ________ taxes.
答案：to　range from...to...“在……范围内变动”。
9．[2015·湖北高考]To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide ________ of disciplines.
答案：range
10．All visitors to this village are treated ________ kindness.
答案：with　treat sb. with... “以……态度/方式对待某人”，此句为被动语态。

1　　

The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.(P34)
如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。
易混辨析

die off
(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死
die away
(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息
die down
(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱、渐息；(声音)静下来
die of
指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等
die from
指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死
be dying to
do/for
极想做……/极想得到……
[一言辨异]
Some fish and birds die_off due to environmental pollution; some animals are in danger of dying_out on account of lack of habitat. I'm dying_to_be a volunteer to save these friends of ours.
因为环境污染，一些鱼和鸟相继死去；由于栖息地的缺乏，一些动物正面临灭绝的危险。我非常想作一名志愿者去拯救我们的这些朋友。
①[外研④－6]Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die_out.
或许是太多的争斗导致了恐龙的灭绝。
②[2015·陕西高考]As a result, many species are quickly dying_out.
结果，很多物种要迅速灭绝了。
③Although the wind has died_down,_the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
虽然风小了，但雨继续下着，所以你仍需雨衣。
④[牛津词典]The members of the family had all died_off.
这家人一个个都死了。
⑤In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died_of hunger.
19世纪四十年代，因主要作物马铃薯受病害影响，约有75万人死于饥饿。
⑥[牛津词典]She died_from a wound.
她因受伤不治而死。
2　　

And, to be honest, the musiC s just boring.(P37)
并且，说实话，那音乐非常令人厌烦。

(1)to tell (you) the truth 说实话
honestly speaking＝to be honest 说实在的；说实话
(2)to be frank 坦率地说
to be sure 确定地说，固然
to be exact 确切地说
to begin with 首先
(3)generally speaking 总的来说
strictly speaking 严格地说
(4)believe it or not 信不信由你
－特别提示－
to be honest为固定结构，一般用在句首，并用逗号和后面的成分隔开，视为独立成分，表中所列其他结构用法同to be honest。
①[2013·安徽高考]To be honest,_I don't want to get a job where I'm chained to a desk all day.
说实话，我不想干那份工作，干那份工作我每天都要埋头苦干。
②To be honest,_the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
老实说，虽然工作本身很有趣，但报酬不够丰厚。
③[朗文词典]To_tell you the truth, I just don't care.
跟你说实话，我才不在乎呢。
④[牛津词典]Generally speaking, I don't like spicy food.
我一般不爱吃辛辣的食物。
⑤[人教①－2]Believe_it_or_not,_there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，并没有标准英语这回事。
3　　

The film deals with the theme of appearances in a very interesting and clever manner.(P40)
电影用一种很有趣而且聪明的方法来处理人物的外貌这一主题。

(1)a great/good deal of “许多的，大量的”后加不可数名词
make/do/strike a_deal 达成协议
It's a_deal 成交
(2)deal in sth. 经营某物
deal out 分配；分发
①[2014·湖南高考]“Deal_with wrinkles one at a time，” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”
正如妈妈说的，“一次处理一个问题，不久后一切都会顺畅起来”。
②In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal_with.
许多人认为那家公司虽小，但跟它做生意却很愉快。
③[牛津词典]They try to deal politely with angry customers.
他们尽量对发怒的顾客彬彬有礼。
④[牛津词典]I'll deal_with decimals in the next lesson.
下一堂课我要讲小数。
⑤[朗文词典]The new exhibit has gotten a_good_deal_of attention.
新展品备受关注。
易混辨析
do with
在疑问句中译作“处理”，与what连用
deal with
与how连用
⑥用deal with/do with的适当形式填空
a．DaviD s biggest headache is what to ______ his money.
b．[牛津词典]How would you ________ an armed burglar.
答案：a.do with b．deal with
过关演练
选词填空

1．The moth's (蛾子) habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly ________.
答案：died out
2．________， I don't think I was helping very much.
答案：To be honest
3．I am amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ________， it is ten years since we met last.
答案：Believe it or not
4．[2015·江苏高考]Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to ________ the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television?
答案：deal with

1　　

本句为倒装句，表示“某人/物也一样”。
“某人/物也一样”的表达方式：
(1)“so＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或事。
(2)“neither/nor＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面一种否定情况也适合于另一个人或事。
(3)“so it is/was with.../it is/was the_same_with...”表示比较复杂的情况也适合于另一个人或事，如肯定、否定同时存在；be动词与实义动词同时存在；现在、过去等时态同时存在等。
①[2014·山东高考改编]As the number of people driving past dropped, so_did_their_incomes.
随着过往司机数量的下降，他们的收入也下降了。
②[译林⑤－1]Football is very important to me, but so_is_our_friendship.
足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊同样重要。
③[朗文词典]If you are going to have dessert then so_will_I.
如果你要吃甜点，那么我也要。
④[朗文词典]Bill can't sing at all, and neither_can_his_brother.
比尔完全不会唱歌，他哥哥也不会。
⑤—Jack studied hard and was a good student.
—So it_was_with Jim/It_was_the_same_with Jim.
——杰克学习很努力，是一名好学生。
——吉姆也一样。
－特别提示－
“so＋主语＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词”结构表示赞同，意为“某人/某物确实如此”。
⑥—You seem to like eating apples.
—So_I_do.
——你似乎喜欢吃苹果。
——我确实喜欢。
⑦—It's warmer today.
—So_it_is.
——今天暖和一些了。
——是的。
2　　

此句中，eyes raised与head bent为独立主格结构，其构成为“名词/代词＋过去分词”，在句中作状语。
独立主格结构的应用：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同，独立存在；在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况。其构成是：
＋
－特别提示－
在独立主格结构中，当名词或代词后接现在分词时，构成逻辑上的主谓关系；后接过去分词时，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
①[2015·江苏高考]Much_time_spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problem.
大部分时间都坐在桌前，办公室员工普遍受到健康问题的困扰。
②Opposite the old town is the 5,500 metre Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, its_peak_covered with snow.
在古城的对面是海拔5500米的玉龙雪山，它的顶峰被雪覆盖着。
③The_guide_leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
④More_presents_to_be_given,_she will find it difficult to accept.
再多给她一些礼物，她就会觉得很难接受。
⑤The_class_over,_the children went home happily.
下课了，孩子们高兴地回家了。
过关演练
完成句子
1．(1)—I like to read Chris Paine.
—So ________ I.
——我喜欢读克里斯·佩恩的作品。
——我也喜欢。
(2)—I don't like coffee.
—Neither ________ I.
——我不喜欢喝咖啡。
——我也不喜欢。
(3)—Tom likes sports and is good at swimming.
—So it is ________ John.
——汤姆喜欢运动且擅长游泳。
——约翰也一样。
(4)—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
—So he ________ and so ________ you.
——杰克对中国文化和民俗音乐很痴迷。
——他的确是这样，你也一样。
答案：(1)do　(2)do　(3)with　(4)is; are
2．(1)The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.
测验结束了，我们开始放假。
(2)Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
天气允许的话，我们明天去看你。
答案：(1)finished　(2)permitting

used to & would
used to用于指状况，也可以指习惯，表示“过去常常，过去惯常”(隐含有现在已无此习惯之意)
①I ________ tennis twice a week, but I don't have time now.
我以前每周打两次网球，但现在没时间打了。
答案：used to play
would
　1.用于指动作反复，表示过去经常性或习惯性行动，“总会；总是”。
②At that time people ________ if food was difficult to find.
在那时，如果食物很难找到，人们就会饿死。
答案：would starve
2．would也可用于虚拟语气中。
③[2014·北京高考]We ________ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
如果你没有丢了地图，我们现在就到旅馆里了。
答案：would be
过关演练
完成句子
1．Life here is much easier than it ________.
如今在此地生活比起从前可舒服多了。
答案：used to be
2．[2013·天津高考]If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________ it much better now.
如果他以前多花点时间练习英语口语，现在就能说得好多了。
答案：would be able to speak
3．In the evenings we ________ read or play games.
在晚上，我们总会读书或做游戏。
答案：would