【期中真题】甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题.zip

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兰州一中2022-2023-1学期高三年级期中考试
英 语
注意事项：
1. 本试题满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把机读卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
ZOO CREW—TEEN VOLUNTEER PROGRAM Ages 13-17
Passionate about animals and wondering what a zookeeper's day is like? Denver Zoo's Teen Volunteer Program, Zoo Crew, might be the place for you! We do not offer one-time volunteer service opportunities for school or court appointed teens.
APPLICATIONS
The application will open on January 1 and close on March 1. Applicants must be at least 13 years old by the first day of training and no older than 17.
REQUIREMENTS
Teen volunteers: 75 hours of service per summer (June through August) with several shifts each month.
First-year teen volunteers: three weeks (M-F mornings or afternoons) of volunteering during the summer to support Summer Safari, Denver Zoo's summer camp.
All current teen volunteers can choose volunteer year-round, after participating for at least one summer season. These teens must commit to at least one shift per month, perform position duties as assigned including working outside, communicate with guests and staff independently and alongside other teen and adult volunteers.
Junior Crew (Year 1 in Zoo Crew):
Summer Safari: assist camp instructors with games, zoo tours, and educational activities.
Animal Department: assist veteran teen volunteers with daily animal husbandry responsibilities such as cleaning, diet preparation and animal enrichment. Teens 16 or older may also help at the Nutrition Center, the Zoo's animal kitchen.
TUITION
$150 nonrefundable (不退还的) tuition fee (due no later than May I of each year). Download Denver Zoo's Tuition Scholarship form. (Scholarship requests are due no later than April 15 each year.)
Tuition helps cover costs of Zoo Crew T-shirt uniforms, name tag, daily supervision, program supplies, training and continuing education programs, annual award ceremony, social events and campouts.
QUESTIONS
For more information, please call the Program Specialist at 720-337-1491 or e-mail teen-volunteer (@ Denverzoo org).
1. Why is the program held for teens?
A. To support Summer Safari only for two weeks.
B. To volunteer there with some shifts for a year.
C. To know about a zookeeper's life in summer.
D. To join in the program for a day in the kitchen.
2. What should all teen volunteers in Zoo Crew do?
A. Change their work every summer month.
B. Offer services there for at most 75 hours.
C. Volunteer mainly indoor work.
D. Work there all by themselves.
3. What can Junior Crew get at the program?
A. Scholarship twice a year. B. Competition prizes.
C. School uniforms. D. Routine guidance.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丹佛动物园的青少年志愿者计划的一些详细内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Passionate about animals and wondering what a zookeeper's day is like? Denver Zoo's Teen Volunteer Program, Zoo Crew, might be the place for you! ”（对动物充满热情，想知道动物园管理员的一天是怎样的?丹佛动物园的青少年志愿者计划，动物园工作人员，可能是适合你的地方!）可知，这个项目主要是为了让青少年了解一个动物园管理员夏天的生活。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Teen volunteers: 75 hours of service per summer (June through August) with several shifts each month.”（青少年志愿者：每年夏天（6月至8月）服务75小时，每月轮班。）可知，所有动物园志愿者应该每月轮班。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Summer Safari: assist camp instructors with games, zoo tours, and educational activities.”（夏季狩猎旅行: 协助夏令营指导员进行游戏、动物园游览和教育活动。）可知，Junior Crew在这个项目当中能够得到常规指导。故选D。
B
At the end of my third year at university, I still had over 50 meals left in my dining account. So I swiped my meal card until I had nothing left, packed all of the meals and drove to Center City to give them all out to anyone I could find who needed a meal.
When I returned to campus, I wanted to create a formal meal donation program and after months of meetings, I convinced my university to launch this program. But what started with meals quickly evolved into something much greater when I learned about how much food was also going to waste from grocery stores and restaurants in the area.
Approximately 1/3 of all food produced in the United States (126 billion pounds) is thrown in landfills each year. Meanwhile, 40 million Americans are suffering from food insecurity in the US, and 1 in 5 people are suffering in Philadelphia.
My solution was called Sharing Surplus. Then, our team created a transportation network to pick up surplus food on a regular basis and deliver it to local hunger—relief organizations. In the last twelve months, we have delivered more than 75,000 pounds of food to shelters and soup kitchens fighting food insecurity.
Graduating from college soon, I am ready to pursue Sharing Surplus as my full-time job. Now let's talk about Gen Z (those born between 1996 and 2010). Our generation will soon be responsible for the fate of our planet, which is equally exciting and challenging. More than ever, we must look closely at the problems that our society faces today and try to imagine big ideas that can solve them.
4. What did the author do to make his program much greater?
A. Hold meetings to persuade others to join him. B. Buy food from grocery stores for the needy.
C. Cooperate with local stores and restaurants. D. Donate much more of his leftover meals.
5. What do the figures in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Some easy measures to reduce food waste.
B. Great potential for turning waste into charity.
C. Big food problems facing the United States.
D. An urgent need for more crops in the United States.
6. What can be inferred about Sharing Surplus from Paragraph 4?
A. It has partly changed the industry of food delivery.
B It has made a great contribution to fighting hunger.
C. It has helped set up many hunger-relief organizations.
D. It has created a more advanced transportation network.
7. What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph?
A. The students in the USA should try to help the poor.
B. Gen Z should pursue Sharing Surplus to earn money.
C. After graduation, it is important to find a full time job.
D. Gen Z should try to solve the existing social problems.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者创建膳食捐赠计划，当地商店和餐馆合作向避难所和施粥所捐赠食物。作者指出Z一代人不久将对我们星球的命运负责，这同样是令人兴奋和富有挑战性的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But what started with meals quickly evolved into something much greater when I learned about how much food was also going to waste from grocery stores and restaurants in the area. (但当我了解到该地区的杂货店和餐馆也会浪费多少食物时，从吃饭开始的事情迅速演变成一件更大的事情)”可知，作者与当地商店和餐馆合作使他的项目更伟大。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Approximately 1/3 of all food produced in the United States (126 billion pounds) is thrown in landfills each year. Meanwhile, 40 million Americans are suffering from food insecurity in the US, and 1 in 5 people are suffering in Philadelphia.(美国每年大约有1/3的食物（1260亿磅）被扔进垃圾填埋场。与此同时，美国有4000万美国人正在遭受食品短缺的困扰，费城有五分之一的人正在遭受这种困扰)”可推知，第三段中的数字意思是美国面临的重大粮食问题。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“My solution was called Sharing Surplus. Then, our team created a transportation network to pick up surplus food on a regular basis and deliver it to local hunger—relief organizations. In the last twelve months, we have delivered more than 75,000 pounds of food to shelters and soup kitchens fighting food insecurity. (我的解决办法是分享盈余。然后，我们的团队建立了一个运输网络，定期将多余的食物运送到当地的饥饿救济组织。在过去的12个月里，我们向避难所和施粥所运送了超过7.5万磅的食品，以应对食品不安全问题)”可推知，分享盈余为战胜饥饿做出了巨大贡献。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Graduating from college soon, I am ready to pursue Sharing Surplus as my full-time job. Now let's talk about Gen Z (those born between 1996 and 2010). Our generation will soon be responsible for the fate of our planet, which is equally exciting and challenging. More than ever, we must look closely at the problems that our society faces today and try to imagine big ideas that can solve them. (即将从大学毕业，我准备追求分享盈余作为我的全职工作。现在我们来谈谈Z世代（1996年至2010年出生的人）。我们这一代人不久将对我们星球的命运负责，这同样是令人兴奋和富有挑战性的。我们比以往任何时候都更必须密切关注我们社会今天面临的问题，并试图想象出能够解决这些问题的伟大想法)”可推知，Z一代应该努力解决现有的社会问题。故选D。
C
Following a diet rich in produce and low in processed meats even if you don’t do it perfectly may be helpful in preventing depression, according to a new study.
“To lower the risk of depression, people can eat everything, but everything in the right amount, as long as you try to eat lots of vegetables, fruits, nuts and fish, and lessen fast food and processed meats,” said Almudena Sanchez from the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
At the start of the study, researchers asked 15,000 Spanish university graduates who had never had depression what they normally ate. Then they asked them again, 10 years later. The researchers looked at how closely the participants’ everyday diets stuck to three healthy diet patterns, in which they consumed high amounts of fruits, vegetables, legumes (豆类) , nuts and fish, and avoided processed meats. These principles are part of the Mediterranean diet and other healthy diets.
The researchers found that the people in the study who stuck to healthy patterns to a moderate or a high degree had a lower risk of depression than those who did not follow these diets at all, or who stuck to them to a low degree. For example, the risk of depression over the study period for the people who moderately stuck to the Mediterranean diet was about 25 to 30 percent lower than those who did not stick to the diet at all, or who stuck to it only to a very low degree.
The researchers don’t know for sure what may explain the link between these dietary patterns and people’s risk of depression. However, one potential mechanism(机制) is that people who follow these patterns may have a lower risk of depression because they get adequate levels of some micronutrients (微量营养元素) which are essential to brain health.
8. What is the purpose of the study according to the first paragraph?
A. To give advice on how to eat healthily.
B. To compare the benefits of different diets.
C To find out how to keep mentally healthy.
D. To make clear the bad influence of depression.
9. What was necessary for the graduates to participate in the study?
A. They were healthy enough.
B. They stuck to healthy lifestyle.
C. They had never experienced depression.
D. They tended to go on a healthy diet.
10. What is the benefit of the Mediterranean diet?
A. It is made up of foods with lower calories.
B. It prevents people from getting depression.
C. It contains something good for brain health.
D. It keeps people away from getting overweight.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Tips on How to Lower Depression Risk
B. The Importance of Keeping a Balanced Diet
C. Scientists Found the Secrets of Depression
D. Eating Healthy Food May Lower Depression Risk
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究表明多吃农产品、少吃加工肉类的饮食，可能有助于预防抑郁症。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Following a diet rich in produce and low in processed meats even if you don’t do it perfectly may be helpful in preventing depression, according to a new study.(一项新研究表明，多吃农产品、少吃加工肉类的饮食，即使你做得不完美，也可能有助于预防抑郁症)”可知，该研究的目的是如何防止抑郁症，即了解如何保持心理健康。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the start of the study, researchers asked 15,000 Spanish university graduates who had never had depression what they normally ate. (在研究开始时，研究人员询问了1.5万名从未患过抑郁症的西班牙大学毕业生他们通常的饮食)”可知，这些参与研究的毕业生是从未患过抑郁症的西班牙大学毕业生，以此来对他们进行跟踪研究。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, one potential mechanism (机制) is that people who follow these patterns may have a lower risk of depression because they get adequate levels of some micronutrients (微量营养元素) which are essential to brain health.(然而，一个潜在的机制是，遵循这些模式的人患抑郁症的风险可能较低，因为他们获得了足够水平的一些对大脑健康至关重要的微量营养素)”可知，“地中海饮食”所含的微量元素对大脑健康是至关重要的。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是一项研究发现多吃农产品、少吃加工肉类的饮食，可能有助于预防抑郁症。因为其中含有对人体大脑健康至关重要的微量元素。故D选项“Eating Healthy Food May Lower Depression Risk (健康饮食可降低患抑郁症的风险)”符合文章标题。故选D。
D
It is something one half of the population has long suspected and the other half always vocally denied– women really do talk more than men. In fact, women talk almost three times as much as men, with the average woman chalking up 20,000 words in a day – 13,000 more than the average man.
Women also speak more quickly, devote more brainpower to chit-chat, and actually enjoy hearing their own voices, a new book suggests. The book – written by a female psychiatrist, Dr. Luan Brizendine – says that inherent (生来就有的) differences between the male and female brain explain why women are naturally more talkative than men.
In The Female Mind, Brizendine says the differences can be traced back to the womb (子宫), where the sex hormone (激素) called testosterone moulds the developing male brain. The areas responsible for communication, emotion and memory are all reduced before a baby boy is born.
The result is that boys – and men – chat less than their female peers and struggle to express their emotions to the same extent. “Women have an eight-lane superhighway for processing emotion, while men have a small country road,” said Brizendine.
There are, however, advantages of being the strong, silent type. Brizendine explains in her book that testosterone also reduces the size of the section of the brain involved in hearing – allowing men to become “deaf” to the most logical arguments put forward by their wives and girlfriends.
Other scientists, however, say many of the differences between the male and female personality can be explained by social conditioning, with a child’s upbringing greatly influencing their character.
Deborah Cameron, an Oxford University linguistics professor with a special interest in language and gender, said the amount we talk is influenced by who we are with and what we are doing. “If you look through a large number of studies you will find there is little difference between the amount men and women talk,” she added.
12. Which claim does the book The Female Mind probably support?
A. Women enjoy arguing.
B. Women are born talkative.
C. Women are great public speakers.
D. Women take pride in their talents.
13. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “moulds” in Paragraph 3?
A. Influences. B. Stimulates. C. Enlarges. D. Harms.
14. How are men affected by testosterone according to Dr. Brizendine?
A. They have a small size of brain.
B. They are not so logical in talking.
C. They are usually less communicative.
D. They are unwilling to listen to females.
15. What message does Cameron carry in the last paragraph?
A. Further studies need to be carried out.
B. Gender seldom affects one’s talking style.
C. The amount we talk shapes our character.
D. Men talk as much as women on the whole.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是女性话比男性更多，并对其原因进行分析。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“In The Female Mind, Brizendine says the differences can be traced back to the womb , where the sex hormone called testosterone moulds the developing male brain. The areas responsible for communication, emotion and memory are all reduced before a baby boy is born.(在《女性思维》一书中，布里曾丹说，这种差异可以追溯到子宫，在那里，被称为睾丸激素的性激素塑造了男性大脑的发育。在男孩出生前，负责沟通、情感和记忆的区域都在减少。)”可知，根据这本书的说法，话多不多是在出生前就决定了，The Female Mind可能支持的说法是女人天生健谈。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“The areas responsible for communication, emotion and memory are all reduced before a baby boy is born.(在男孩出生前，负责沟通、情感和记忆的区域都在减少。)”，这说明男孩儿还在子宫里的时候，被称为睾丸激素的性激素影响了男性大脑的发育，使负责沟通、情感和记忆的区域减少，因此划线词moulds的意思是“影响”，和Influences意思相近，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“The result is that boys – and men – chat less than their female peers and struggle to express their emotions to the same extent.(其结果是，男孩——以及男人——比他们的女性同伴更少聊天，并且难以在同样程度上表达自己的情感。)”可知，睾丸激素使男性不太爱说话，故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“If you look through a large number of studies you will find there is little difference between the amount men and women talk(如果你看过大量的研究，你会发现男人和女人说话的数量差别不大)”可知，卡梅伦在最后一段传达的信息是总的来说，男人说话的次数和女人一样多，故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With the pandemic, we have entered another year. For a long time without the opportunity to release the mood, people unavoidably feel irritable and depressed. How to solve these negative emotions and psychological pressure? ___16___.
Get outside during daylight hours. It may be cold out, but getting outside is still important for your mental health. Having fewer hours of daylight can have a negative impact on your mood. You can simply sit and watch the sunrise or walk around your neighborhood. ___17___, just make an effort to make it a daily habit.
Connect with others if you’re feeling lonely. The pandemic has completely upended the way we socialize, and millions of people are living with feelings of isolation. ___18___, but try to challenge yourself to send three emails a week to someone you haven’t heard from in a while, or call a different loved one each week to check in and see how they are doing. Not only will you brighten your own day, but you'll brighten someone else’s.
___19___. Too often we are stressed by the little things, daily trouble, making storms in teacups. We need to take a deep breath and ask ourselves if whatever is troubling us really matters in the big picture. If not, let it go.
Try a stress release. ___20___. As such, a helpful tool is to let them out and release them. The key here is to put pen to paper and start writing. You may want to write down things that are stressing you out and why they are stressing you out. Doing so allows us to begin to separate our stress from being a part of us, and thereby putting some distance between us and our stress.
A. Whatever you do
B. However bad you feel.
C. Practice the “STOP” skill
D. Remember the big picture
E. Experts offer some suggestions
F. Stress is a result of reflective thoughts
G. It can be a little awkward to reconnect with people
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章给出了如何在疫情期间消除消极情绪的一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“With the pandemic, we have entered another year. For a long time without the opportunity to release the mood, people unavoidably feel irritable and depressed. How to solve these negative emotions and psychological pressure?(随着流行病，我们又进入了新的一年。长时间没有机会释放情绪，人们难免会感到烦躁和抑郁。如何解决这些负面情绪和心理压力？)”结合后文介绍了一些消除消极情绪的建议，故E选项“专家提出了一些建议”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Get outside during daylight hours. It may be cold out, but getting outside is still important for your mental health. Having fewer hours of daylight can have a negative impact on your mood. You can simply sit and watch the sunrise or walk around your neighborhood.(白天外出。外面可能很冷，但外出对你的心理健康仍然很重要。日照时间减少会对你的情绪产生负面影响。你可以简单地坐着看日出，或者在附近散散步)”以及后文“just make an effort to make it a daily habit.(只要努力让它成为每天的习惯)”可知，上文列举了简单的日常习惯，后文则强调这些的宗旨是养成习惯，说明无论做什么，最终目的是要养成习惯。故A选项“无论你做什么”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文“but try to challenge yourself to send three emails a week to someone you haven’t heard from in a while, or call a different loved one each week to check in and see how they are doing. Not only will you brighten your own day, but you'll brighten someone else’s.(但不妨挑战一下自己，每周给好久没联系的人发三封电子邮件，或者每周给不同的爱人打电话，看看他们过得怎么样。你不仅会照亮自己的一天，也会照亮别人的一天)”可知，本句是在建议和人重新联系，故G选项“与人重新联系可能会有点尴尬”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Too often we are stressed by the little things, daily trouble, making storms in teacups. We need to take a deep breath and ask ourselves if whatever is troubling us really matters in the big picture. If not, let it go.(我们经常被小事、日常琐事、小题大做所困扰。我们需要深吸一口气，问问自己，困扰我们的事情在大局上是否真的重要。如果不是，那就让它过去吧)”可知，本段的主旨是考虑大局，不被小问题困扰。故D选项“记住大局”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Try a stress release.(试着释放压力)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何应对压力，F选项中Stress对应上文中stress。故F选项“压力是思考的结果”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Months before her wedding, Kjersten Gruys was becoming increasingly anxious about her body image after shopping for wedding dresses. She felt that the mirrors surrounding her, were contributing to the____21____. Gruys____22____to take a whole year off from looking in and engaging with mirrors.
It wasn’t____23____. “I wasn’t just avoiding mirrors, but all____24____surfaces, from the glass windows of stores to freshly washed cars. I ended up____25____up the mirrors in my home and workplace. I____26____myself to avoid seeing reflections when I was walking outside,” says Gruys.
But, she said, the____27____were worth it. She spent less time thinking and worrying about her____28____, and had to simplify her makeup to____29____her no—mirrors lifestyle, both of which_____30_____time and money. She realized that some things had no impact on the way others_____31_____her. For example, she had thought that eyeliner made her eyes stand out and that people “_____32_____her better” for that, but she_____33_____that she was treated just the same without it.
She also learned to_____34_____her friends and family more, when she checked in with them to find out whether she had food on her_____35_____.
_____36_____spending some “mirror time” before her wedding ceremony, Gruys took some time to journal. She says that she’s_____37_____to have it to cherish.
Would she_____38_____the experiment to others? “If someone is interested in examining the role of vanity (虚荣) in their lives, I think this is a_____39_____thing to do.” says Gruys. “Yet, even if you do this for a day or two, you may realize it’s really a_____40_____.”
21. A. problem B. arrangement C. approach D. choice
22. A. failed B. decided C. expected D. agreed
23. A. true B. astonishing C. necessary D. easy
24. A. reflective B. firm C. frozen D. soft
25. A. putting B. setting C. covering D. picking
26. A. expressed B. trained C. hid D. refused
27. A. arguments B. results C. studies D. discussions
28. A. dress B. hair C. health D. appearance
29. A. change B. admire C. praise D. accommodate
30. A. freed up B. cut up C. got up D. came up
31. A. forgave B. criticized C. demanded D. treated
32. A. annoyed B. liked C. ignored D. supported
33. A. imagined B. supposed C. noticed D. dreamt
34. A. win B. miss C. trust D. trick
35. A. sweater B. trousers C. arms D. face
36. A. Regardless of B. In search of C. Instead of D. In memory of
37. A. prettier B. happier C. healthier D. stronger
38. A. announce B. admit C. recommend D. conduct
39. A. great B. strange C. hard D. basic
40. A. challenge B. symbol C. talent D. promise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了柯基斯坦•格鲁伊斯(Kjersten Gruys)在结婚前夕担心自己的身体形象，她将这一切归因于镜子，于是决定用一整年的时间远离镜子，这种新的生活方式给她的生活带来了积极影响。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她觉得周围的镜子导致了这个问题。A. problem问题；B. arrangement安排；C. approach方法；D. choice选择。根据“Kjersten Gruys was becoming increasingly anxious about her body image after shopping for wedding dresses.”可知，Gruys越来越担心自己的身体形象，这是一个问题。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格鲁伊斯决定用一整年的时间远离镜子。A. failed失败；B. decided决定；C. expected期待；D. agreed同意。根据上文“She felt that the mirrors surrounding her, were contributing to the____1____.”可知，她认为是镜子导致了这个问题，决定用一整年的时间远离镜子。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不是一件容易的事。A. true真的；B. astonishing令人惊讶的；C. necessary有必要的；D. easy容易的。根据“I wasn’t just avoiding mirrors, but all____4____surfaces, from the glass windows of stores to freshly washed cars.”可知，要避免一切能反射的物体，这不是一件容易的事。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不只是避开镜子，而是所有的反光表面，从商店的玻璃窗到刚洗过的汽车。A. reflective反思的，反射的；B. firm坚定的；C. frozen冷冻的；D. soft软的。根据“from the glass windows of stores to freshly washed cars.”可知，这些事物都有能反光的表面。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我把家里和工作场所的镜子都遮住了。A. putting放；B. setting设置；C. covering覆盖；D. picking挑选。根据上文“Gruys____2____to take a whole year off from looking in and engaging with mirrors.”可知，她决定用一整年的时间远离镜子，因此将家里和工作场所的镜子都遮住了。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我训练自己，当我走在外面的时候，不要看到倒影。A. expressed表达；B. trained训练；C. hid隐藏；D. refused拒绝。根据“avoid seeing reflections”可知，她要训练自己走在外面的时候，不要看能反射的东西。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，她说，这样做的结果是值得的。A. arguments争论；B. results结果；C. studies研究；D. discussions讨论。根据“She spent less time thinking and worrying”可知，这样做的结果是值得的。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花更少的时间思考和担心自己的外表，为了适应没有镜子的生活方式，她不得不简化化妆，这两种方式都节省了时间和金钱。A. dress连衣裙；B. hair头发；C. health健康；D. appearance外貌。根据“had to simplify her makeup”可知，她花更少的时间思考和担心自己的外表。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花更少的时间思考和担心自己的外表，为了适应没有镜子的生活方式，她不得不简化化妆，这两种方式都节省了时间和金钱。A. change改变；B. admire钦佩；C. praise赞美；D. accommodate提供住宿，顺应。根据“her no—mirrors lifestyle”可知，此处表示适应没有镜子的生活方式。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她花更少的时间思考和担心自己的外表，为了适应没有镜子的生活方式，她不得不简化化妆，这两种方式都节省了时间和金钱。A. freed up腾出，节省；B. cut up切碎；C. got up起床；D. came up出现，发生。根据上文“She spent less time thinking and worrying about her____8____, and had to simplify her makeup”可知，这两种生活方式节省了时间和金钱。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她意识到有些事情对别人对待她的方式没有影响。A. forgave原谅；B. criticized批评；C. demanded要求；D. treated治疗，对待。根据下文“that she was treated just the same without it.”可知，此处是信息词treated的词汇复现。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，她曾认为眼线笔能让她的眼睛更突出，人们因此“更喜欢她”，但她注意到，没有眼线笔，人们也会同样对待她。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. liked喜欢；C. ignored忽视；D. supported支持。根据“she had thought that eyeliner made her eyes stand out”可知，她曾认为眼线笔能让她的眼睛更突出，人们因此“更喜欢她”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，她曾认为眼线笔能让她的眼睛更突出，人们因此“更喜欢她”，但她注意到，没有眼线笔，人们也会同样对待她。A. imagined想象；B. supposed猜想，认为；C. noticed注意；D. dreamt梦想。根据“She realized that some things had no impact on the way others____11____her.”可知，她注意到，没有眼线笔，人们也会同样对待她。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和家人确认她脸上是否有食物时，她也学会了更多地信任她的朋友和家人。A. win赢；B. miss思念，错过；C. trust信任；D. trick技巧，诡计。根据“when she checked in with them”可知，她也学会了更多地信任她的朋友和家人。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她和家人确认她脸上是否有食物时，她也学会了更多地信任她的朋友和家人。A. sweater毛衣；B. trousers裤子；C. arms手臂；D. face脸。根据“to find out whether she had food”可知，此处表示和家人确认她脸上是否有食物。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在婚礼前，格鲁伊斯没有花些时间在“镜子时间”上，而是花了些时间写日记。A. Regardless of不管，不顾；B. In search of寻找；C. Instead of代替，而不是；D. In memory of纪念。根据“Gruys took some time to journal.”可知，在婚礼前，格鲁伊斯没有花些时间在“镜子时间”上。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她更愿意去珍惜。A. prettier更漂亮的；B. happier更高兴的；C. healthier更健康的；D. stronger更强壮的。be happy to do sth.为固定短语，表示“乐意做某事”。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会向别人推荐这个实验吗？A. announce宣布；B. admit承认；C. recommend推荐；D. conduct执行，实施。根据“to others”可知，此处询问是否愿意向别人推荐这个实验。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格鲁伊斯说：“如果有人有兴趣研究虚荣在他们生活中的作用，我认为这是一件很好的事情。”A. great伟大的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. basic基础的。根据“If someone is interested in examining the role of vanity (虚荣) in their lives”可知，如果有人有兴趣研究虚荣在他们生活中的作用，她认为这是一件很好的事情。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“然而，即使你做了一两天，你可能会意识到这真的是一个挑战。”A. challenge挑战；B. symbol象征；C. talent天赋，才华；D. promise承诺。根据上文的“It wasn't____3____”和“yet”可知，这不是一件容易的事，而是一个挑战。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After orbiting Earth for six months, the three members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission returned to Earth safely on April 16h, 2022, ____41____ (conclude) the nation’s longest manned spaceflight.
During their stay in the space station, the crew preformed two spacewalks and conducted a series of scientific experiments using a large robotic arm and other ____42____ (equip) to install and adjust devices. Meanwhile, it was the first time that a female Chinese astronaut ____43____ (perform) a space walk. Besides, the astronauts, with the ____44____ (assist) of the staff on the ground, delivered a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students. They showed viewers ____45____ they lived and worked inside the space station. The uniform called a “penguin jumpsuit”, ____46____ (special) designed to help the astronauts maintain their muscle strength, was introduced. The astronauts also demonstrated (演示) some experiments related to physical phenomena in the weightless environment, during ____47____ they compared the growth of cells in artificial gravity and zero-gravity.
The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons, intended to popularize space science and spark enthusiasm in science among youngsters, ____48____ (mark) the start of the Tiangong Class series. ____49____ its space station construction advancing, China will share its breakthroughs and strengthen cooperation with other countries to push space exploration _____50_____ (far) forward.
【答案】41. concluding
42. equipment
43. had performed
44. assistance
45. how 46. specially
47. which 48. marked
49. With 50. further
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国神舟十三号所取得的成绩及太空课程的目的。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在环绕地球轨道运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名成员于2022年4月16日安全返回地球，结束了中国最长的载人航天飞行。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“returned”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“conclude”意为“结束”，动词词性，句中表示自然而然的结果，故应用“conclude”的现在分词“concluding”作结果状语。故填concluding。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在空间站停留期间，机组人员进行了两次太空行走，并使用大型机械臂和其他设备进行了一系列科学实验，以安装和调整设备。分析句子可知，“other”意为“其他的”，后接名词，作宾语，“equip”意为“装备”，动词词性，对应的名词为“equipment”，意为“设备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：与此同时，这是中国女宇航员首次进行太空行走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“it was the+序数词+time+that从句”，意为“第……次做某事”，此时“that”引导的从句要用过去完成时，“perform”意为“做，执行”，动词词性，过去分词为“performed”，故空格处应填“had performed”。故填had performed。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，宇航员在地面工作人员的协助下，在距地球400公里外为数百万学生进行了科学讲座。分析句子可知，“with”为介词，后接名词作宾语，“assist”意为“帮护，协助”，动词词性，对应的名词为“assistance”，意为“帮护，协助”，为不可数名词。故填assistance。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“showed”的直接宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，故应用“how”引导从句，意为“怎样，如何”。故填how。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：被称为“企鹅服”的太空服被介绍，它专门设计用于帮助宇航员保持肌肉力量。分析句子可知，“designed”为过去分词，应用副词修饰，作状语，“special”为形容词，对应的副词为“specially”，意为“专门地”。故填specially。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：宇航员们还演示了一些与失重环境中的物理现象有关的实验，期间他们比较了细胞在人工重力和零重力下的生长情况。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“experiments”，指事物，在从句中作介词“during”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：神舟十三号的太空课程旨在普及太空科学，激发年轻人对科学的热情，标志着天宫系列课程的开始。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“mark”意为“做标记，标示”，动词词性，过去式为“marked”。故填marked。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着空间站建设的推进，中国将分享其突破，并加强与其他国家的合作，推动太空探索进一步向前发展。分析句子可知，句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，故空格处应用介词“with”，意为“随着”，句首单词首字母大写。故填With。
【50题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：随着空间站建设的推进，中国将分享其突破，并加强与其他国家的合作，推动太空探索进一步向前发展。根据句意可知，中国加强与其他国家的合作是为了推动太空探索进一步向前发展，空格处应用比较级，根据句意可知，应用副词比较级“further”，意为“进一步”，表示程度。故填further。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
Many parents have bought their children their own computers, hope that they will use them sensible for their schoolwork and have the latest skills. Schools teach information technology as an essential part of the school curriculum (大纲). But some people feel they have a lot of disadvantage. Teenagers don’t have a balanced life and computers are turning them into “geeks” which no longer take exercise or even know how to have a conversation. An expert also warns about the dangers of “chatting” to people one didn’t know over the Internet. “I strongly recommend that the government ban all Internet cafes as such many teenagers are wasting their time on games and Internet chatting which have nothing to do their schoolwork. But, some teenagers can be seen as good examples as they put the enthusiasm for computers to good use. Computers help him organize the schoolwork and learn a future career as well as.”
【答案】1. hope→hoping
2. sensible→sensibly
3. disadvantage→disadvantages
4. which→who
5. didn’t→doesn’t
6. such→so
7. do后加with
8. But→However
9 him→them
10. 删除第二个as
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章分析了电脑给孩子们带来的利与弊。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：许多父母给他们的孩子买了自己的电脑，希望他们能明智地使用它们来完成学业，并掌握最新的技能。分析句子，hope所处分句无主语，故hope需用非谓语动词。hope和逻辑主语Many parents之间表示主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表示主动。故将hope改为hoping。

2.考查副词。句意：许多父母给他们的孩子买了自己的电脑，希望他们能明智地使用它们来完成学业，并掌握最新的技能。副词sensibly修饰动词use。故将sensible改为sensibly。
3.考查名词复数。句意：但是有些人觉得它们有很多缺点。分析句子，disadvantage 译为“缺点”为可数名词。此处要表示复数，被a lot of 修饰。故将disadvantage改为disadvantages。
4.考查定语从句。句意：青少年的生活不平衡，电脑正在把他们变成“极客”，不再锻炼身体，甚至不知道如何交谈。分析句子，定语从句的先行词为students，是人而非物。故将which改为who。
5.考查时态。句意：一位专家也警告了在网上与陌生人“聊天”的危险。根据文章时态，应用一般现在时。故将didn't改为doesn't。
6.考查副词。句意：我强烈建议政府禁止所有网吧，因为许多青少年把时间浪费在游戏和网络聊天上，这与他们的功课无关。分析句子，such为形容词不可修饰后面的形容词many，副词可以修饰形容词。故将such改为so。
7.考查介词。句意：因为许多青少年把时间浪费在游戏和网络聊天上，这与他们的功课无关。依据句子含义，“和……无关”应用短语have nothing to do with，故在do后加with。
8.考查副词。句意：但是，一些青少年可以被视为很好的例子，因为他们把对电脑的热情很好地使用。分析句子，不需用逗号将But和其他句子成分隔开，而however可以。故将But改为However。
9.考查代词。句意：电脑帮助他们组织学校作业，并了解未来的职业。分析句子，句中应用them来指代前文的some teenagers。故将him改为them。
10.考查固定短语。句意：电脑帮助他们组织学校作业，并了解未来的职业。分析句子，as well as 译为“也,又 ，还”一般放在句中。放在肯定句末的是as well。故第二个as 多余，应去掉。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你们学校要举办传统中医讲座，你的留学生朋友Chris对中国传统文化有浓厚的兴趣，因此，你想邀请他参加该讲座。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．讲座的时间和地点；
2．讲座的内容。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：传统中医讲座 a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine
Dear Chris,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One Possible Version：
Dear Chris,
Knowing you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture, I can’t wait to invite you to a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine which will be host in my school.
The lecture will begin at 3 p.m. this Sunday in the school hall. An expert is going to narrate the development history of traditional Chinese medicine and share some significant worldwide achievements with us. As far as I can see, it can enrich your understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and make you realize how much difference traditional Chinese culture has made in the present world.
Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文属于提纲类作文
【详解】根据文章所给的信息提示写一封邀请信。写作要点包括向Chris发出邀请，介绍讲座的相关信息：时间、地点、内容以及活动安排等．写作时态为一般现在时为主，人称用第一人称和第三人称。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。重要短语如：a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine（一场关于中医的讲座）；have a keen interest in（对…感兴趣）；share … with…（分享）；look forward to（期待，盼望）；As far as I can see（依我来看）等等。高级句型结构如：Knowing you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture, I can’t wait to invite you to a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine which will be host in my school.本句用现在分词短语Knowing…作状语，还有宾语从句…you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture和一个以which引导的定语从句which will be host in my school，另外该定语从句中使用了被动语态。