【开学摸底考】高一英语（译林版2020）-2023-2024学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷.zip

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（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1．What will the man d tnight?
A．Stay at hme.B．G t a club.C．Attend a meeting.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: Wuld yu like t g t the club tnight?
M: I’d rather stay at hme and watch TV. I have t get up early t attend a meeting tmrrw.
2．Where are the speakers?
A．In a bank.B．In a restaurant.C．In a stre.
【答案】C
【原文】
M: These tw ties lk very nice. Hw much are they?
W: It was riginally 60 punds fr each, but if yu buy tw, yu will get anther ne free.
M: OK. I will take three.
3．Why des the man want t mve?
A．T live in a bigger huse. B．T g t a gd schl. C．T be near his ffice.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: I’m thinking abut mving ut f my place.
W: Hw cme? Is it far frm yur wrkplace?
M: N. With three kids grwing up and reaching schl age, my huse is t small.
4．Wh is cming t visit the man?
A．Sara.B．Sam.C．Antni.
【答案】B
【原文】
M: Hi, Sara. My cusin Sam is cming t visit me. I want t take him ut t dinner. D yu knw any gd restaurants?
W: Des he like Italian fd? There’s a gd ne n Birch Street called Antni’s Restaurant.
5．Wh are the speakers?
A．Classmates.B．Prfessr and student.C．Interviewer and interviewee.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: Did yu hear the prfessr talk abut the schlarship available next year? It is a great pprtunity.
M: Yes, I did. I agree. It sunds interesting and I think we culd bth apply fr it.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What des the wman prbably d?
A．A dctr.B．An assistant.C．A prfessr.
7．When will the man g t see the dctr?
A．On Wednesday.B．On Thursday.C．On Friday.
【答案】6．B 7．C
【原文】
W: Gd mrning. This is Dctr White’s ffice. May I help yu?
M: I’d like t make an appintment t see the dctr this week.
W: Well, I’m afraid he is fully bked n Mnday and Tuesday. Hw abut Wednesday?
M: I have classes at the university n Wednesday. Will Thursday be OK?
W: Srry. I’m afraid he is fully bked n Thursday t.
M: Friday?
W: Yes! He will be free n Friday this week. Hw abut Friday mrning?
M: I prefer smetime in the afternn if it’s pssible. Thank yu!
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What des the wman cngratulate the man n?
A．Gaining a jb interview.B．Standing ut in his class.C．Getting his dream jb.
9．What keeps the man ging?
A．His lve fr bridges.B．His ambitin t get high salary.C．His desire t graduate frm university.
【答案】8．C 9．A
【原文】
W: Jack, cngratulatins n getting such a gd jb.
M: Thanks. But actually I’ m tired nw. In rder t pass the interview, I’ve wrked day and night fr a whle week. It’s rather challenging t stand ut in 100 applicants.
W: But it’s all wrth it. The jb ffers high salary as well as gd future. The mst imprtant thing is that yu can d what yu like.
M: Yeah. Since I graduated frm university, I’ve been keeping lking fr a jb as a bridge design engineer.
W: I knw. Yu are s crazy abut bridges that every weekend yu will g ut t appreciate the beauty f them. By the way, will yu start yur new jb next Mnday?
M: Yes. I’m excited nw.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the wman ding?
A．Listening t music. B．Seeing a film. C．Writing a letter.
11．Hw lng will the wman stay in Japan?
A．Fr tw years.B．Fr a mnth.C．Fr a year.
12．What will the wman d befre she leaves fr Japan?
A．Read mre Japanese nvels. B．Attend a language class. C．Apply fr a new prgram.
【答案】10．B 11．C 12．B
【原文】
M: Say, Lisa, what are yu ding?
W: Watching a Japanese film. I’m ging t spend all next year in Japan, and I think I shuld find ut mre abut its culture.
M: Yu mean yu have been accepted int the prgram?
W: I sure have.
M: That’s wnderful. Yu must be excited.
W: Excited and nervus. Yu knw I have t wrk n sme basic cnversatin skills.
M: Hw much Japanese can yu understand?
W: Only a little nw. But I’m ging t take a special language class next mnth.
M: I wish I were as clever as yu are at freign languages. I wuld lve t study abrad.
W: Then why dn’t yu? The schl has a lt f prgrams that dn’t require the mastery f a freign language. Yu just have t be the kind f persn wh is quick t learn new things and can get used t a new envirnment fast.
M: I thught all prgrams required ne t knw a freign language. Thank yu fr letting me knw this.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Wh des James buy a gift fr?
A．His rmmate.B．His sister.C．His father.
14．What des James say abut chsing a gift?
A．It’s interesting.B．It’s difficult.C．It’s easy.
15．What des Linda think is the perfect gift?
A．Smething impressive.B．Smething decrative.C．Smething useful.
16．What is Linda’s suggestin at the end f the cnversatin?
A．Refer t the receiver’s last backpack.
B．Chse the mst ppular clr.
C．Ask the receiver’s advice.
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．A
【原文】
M: Hi, Linda.
W: Hi, James. What are yu ding in the mall? I thught yu said yu avid these places and here yu are.
M: Oh, I still d it but it’s my rmmate’s birthday tmrrw and I am lking t get him a present. He’s nt exactly the easiest persn t find a present fr.
W: Have yu any idea what t get?
M: Nt really. Yu knw, I hate buying gifts fr smebdy because it can never be perfect.
W: Perhaps yu are trying t hard t get smething very impressive r decrative. I always think a gift shuld be practical. Why dn’t yu think f smething he might like r smething that he will mst likely get sn?
M: Oh, I knw. His backpack is wrn ut. Maybe I shuld get him a backpack instead.
W: Here yu g. It sunds like a perfect gift.
M: Gsh, nw I am wndering which clr I shuld pick. He is really particular abut the clr.
W: That’s nt difficult. What was the clr f the last ne he chse?He bviusly chse it fra reasn.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A．Sme ways t keep healthy. B．Sme f his favurite sprts. C．The way t slve prblems.
18．Where des the speaker prbably live?
A．In the cuntryside.B．In a big city.C．By the sea.
19．What did the speaker d ten years ag?
A．He climbed the Alps. B．He tk part in Lndn Marathn. C．He finished a curse in ice climbing.
20．Why des the speaker’s wife seldm g climbing?
A．She has n time.B．She isn’t strng enugh.C．She is afraid f climbing.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】
M: Hi, I’m Mike. Nw I want t tell yu smething abut my after-wrk activities. I’m interested in sprts. I exercise every day t keep healthy. I enjy running particularly. I run acrss fields and jump ver streams arund my hme every mrning. While I’m running, I think abut all srts f things. Smetimes I’m surprised t find that I’ve managed t slve the prblem that was n my mind. I’m ging t try Lndn Marathn next year. It’s a lng hard race, but I want t d it very much. I’m interested in climbing as well. I’ll never becme an expert climber, but I successfully cmpleted a curse in ice climbing ten years ag, and I did a series f easy climbs in the Alps during the next few years after that. My wife desn’t share my interests. She went climbing with me nce but she fund she felt ill as sn as she gt abut 1,000 metres. S we decided t fllw different hbbies. Anyway, I enjy myself by ding sprts.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Cmmunity Celebratins
The Stry f Artist Jhn Biggers
As the 100th birthday f the late (已故) Jhn Biggers is cming near in 2024, the MFAH celebrates his legacy (遗产). These vides present a cnversatin with artists he encuraged, and a lk at the wall painting he was invited t paint, describing Black lngshremen f Hustn.
A Msaic f Art and Cmmunity
Meet the Jubilee Quilt Circle, created in the 1990s t prtect the legacy f African American quilting (被子)while encuraging persnal grwth pprtunities and experiences in Hustn. In this tw-part vide series, hear frm Jubilee members and learn abut the central cmmunity spirit that ges int the art f quilt-making.
I T, We Tw!
Virtual (虚拟的) experiences — dance, music, spken-wrd perfrmances, interviews and mre — pay hnur t the African American artists whse wrk is n view in the Museum’s Nancy and Rich Kinder Building. The heading “I T, We Tw!” recgnizes the team spirit between the Ensemble Theatre and the MFAH and als includes the Ensemble Theatre’s virtual wrk I, T, Am America.
My Jurney with Flamenc
See the different styles f flamenc, a frm f Spanish sng and dance based n the music traditins f suthern Spain frm the 9th t 14th centuries. These vides’ leading rle is Ana María Barceló and the funders f Hustn flamenc perfrmance cmpany Sler Flamenc: Jeremías García and Irma La Palma. The shw Glry f Spain: Treasures frm the Hispanic Sciety Museum & Library prvides the inspiratin (启发).
21．What is the purpse f The Stry f Artist Jhn Biggers?
A．T celebrate a festival.B．T hnr a late artist.
C．T intrduce a traditin.D．T shw the life f the Black.
22．What can be learned at A Msaic f Art and Cmmunity?
A．Wrld-famus paintings.B．Online art perfrmances.
C．Spanish sngs and dance.D．Art f making bedclthes.
23．Which f the fllwing mentins teamwrk?
A．I T, We Tw!B．My Jurney with Flamenc.
C．A Msaic f Art and Cmmunity.D．The Stry f Artist Jhn Biggers.
【参考答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了几场有关艺术的庆祝活动。
【详情解析】
21．细节理解题。根据The Stry f Artist Jhn Biggers中“As the 100th birthday f the late (已故) Jhn Biggers is cming near in 2024, the MFAH celebrates his legacy (遗产).(2024年是已故的约翰·比格斯(Jhn Biggers)诞辰100周年，MFAH将庆祝他的遗产)”可知，The Stry f Artist Jhn Biggers的目的是纪念一位已故的艺术家。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据A Msaic f Art and Cmmunity中“In this tw-part vide series, hear frm Jubilee members and learn abut the central cmmunity spirit that ges int the art f quilt-making.(在这个分为两部分的视频系列中，聆听Jubilee成员的声音，了解中央社区的精神，并深入到被子制作艺术中)”可知，在A Msaic f Art and Cmmunity中可以了解到制作床上用品的艺术。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据I T, We Tw!中“The heading “I T, We Tw! ” recgnizes the team spirit between the Ensemble Theatre and the MFAH and als includes the Ensemble Theatre’s virtual wrk I, T, Am America.(标题是“I T, We Tw!”认可了合奏剧院和MFAH之间的团队精神，也包括合奏剧院的虚拟作品《I, T, Am America.》)”可知，在I T, We Tw!中提到了团队合作。故选A项。
B
Five years ag, Chinese skater Wu Dajing intrduced himself t the skating wrld by winning a silver medal at the Schi Olympic Winter Games. At Pyeng Chang Olympics, Wu nt nly returned, but als made histry.
On Feb 22th, 2018, Wu wn the gld medal in the men’s shrt-track 500-metre race. He set a new wrld recrd with a time f 39.584 secnds. He als became the first Chinese man t take hme an Olympic shrt-track gld medal. BBC said Wu’s win was “flawless”, because he was much faster than all f the ther skaters.
“I didn’t give them a chance and I kept my speed frm the start,” he tld the media after the match.
But China’s shrt-track teams didn’t d well in general at the Games. Chinese skaters in the wmen’s 500 metres, 3000-metre relay and men’s 1500 metres all failed t take hme the gld. Wu was China’s biggest hpe, which put a lt f pressure n him. But he prved himself with his great perfrmance.
Wu is nw knwn as a highly talented skater. But things were nt always that way. When Wu jined the natinal team in 2010, he was seen as almst “nthing” cmpared t gifted skaters like Zhu Yang and Fan Kexin, as his caches said at the time. Their cmments made him quite upset. But as the saying ges. “Winners never quit (放弃) and quitters never win”. Wu didn’t want t give up and wrked as hard as he culd. He practiced skating all year rund. He even didn’t return t his hmetwn fr the hlidays fr 10 years. “I believe in myself.” he tld the media after his match at the Olympics.
24．Peple began t knw Wu Dajing by the time he .
A．wn the secnd place at the Schi Olympic Winter Games
B．wn a gld medal at the Schi Olympic Winter Games
C．wn a gld medal at Pycng Chang Olympic Winter Games
D．entered the Pycng Chang Olympic Winter Games
25．What des the underlined wrd “flawless” mean?
A．cmmnB．valuableC．perfectD．difficult
26．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is RIGHT?
A．Wu wn a gld medal at the Schi Olympic Winter Games fur years ag.
B．Wu brke the wrld recrd with a time f 39.584 secnds and made histry.
C．Wu’s caches placed great hpe n him when he jined the natinal team.
D．Chinese skaters in wmen’s 500 metres, 3000-metre relay tk hme the gld.
27．What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The natinal team and caches thught Wu as a talented skater all the way.
B．Wu kept n practicing skating all year rund even in the hlidays fr 10 years.
C．Zhu Yang and Fan Kexin were mre hard-wrking n skating than Wu Dajing.
D．It is the hardwrk, cnfidence and strng will that have made Wu a winner.
【参考答案】
24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了男子短道速滑选手武大靖的故事。四年前，武大靖在索契冬奥会上获得了银牌。在今年的平昌奥运会，他在男子短道速滑500米比赛中获得金牌。还以39.584秒创造了一项新的世界纪录。武大靖在进入国家队时并不被国家队教练看好，由于武大靖永不放弃的精神、刻苦地训练和坚强的意志才取得了他今天的成就。
【详情解析】
24． 细节理解题。根据第一段“Five years ag, Chinese skater Wu Dajing intrduced himself t the skating wrld by winning a silver medal at the Schi Olympic Winter Games.”（五年前，中国滑冰运动员武大靖在索契冬奥会上获得银牌，这是他第一次为滑冰界所知）。可知武大靖在索契冬奥会上获得第二名时，人们开始认识他了。故选A。
25．词义猜测题。根据第二自然段“BBC said Wu’s win was “flawless”, because he was much faster than all f the ther skaters.(英国广播公司说，武大靖的胜利是flawless，因为他比其他所有滑冰运动员都快得多。)”可知，因为他比其他所有滑冰者都快得多，因此英国广播公司评价说，武大靖的胜利是“完美的”。A. cmmn.普通的；B. valuable珍贵的；C. perfect.完美的；D. difficult.困难的。故选C。
26．细节理解题。第二段提到“He set a new wrld recrd with a time f 39.584 secnds. He als became the first Chinese man t take hme an Olympic shrt-track gld medal.”（他以39秒584的成绩创造了新的世界纪录。他也成为第一个获得奥运会短道速滑金牌的中国男子。）可知，他以39.584的时间打破了世界纪录。B项表述准确。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Winners never quit (放弃) and quitters never win”. Wu didn’t want t give up and wrked as hard as he culd. He practiced skating all year rund. He even didn’t return t his hmetwn fr the hlidays fr 10 years. “I believe in myself.” he tld the media after his match at the Olympics.”（“成功者永不放弃，放弃者永不成功”。武大靖不想放弃，他都尽他所能努力工作。他一年四季都在练习滑冰。他甚至有10年没有回过家乡过节。“我相信我自己。他在奥运会比赛结束后对媒体说。）可知最后一段提到：正是勤奋、自信和坚强的意志使武大靖成为了赢家。故选D。
C
Tsunamis are ne f the mst terrifying natural phenmena that the wrld suffers. The series f waves generated by the displacement (位移) f a large vlume f water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explsins and landslides. Once triggered (引发), a tsunami can hit the cast within minutes and its destructive pwer can be enrmus.
At present, early warning systems rely n measuring the mvement f dart buys (浮标), which recrd changes in the sea level, r assessing the bttm water pressure f the develping tsunami. But they require the tsunami t physically reach the measurement lcatin. The buys culd be fixed in the deep cean, but this requires an unrealistically big number f buys. Or peple can fix the buys alng the shreline, but due t the high speed f the tsunami, this methd may leave n warning time fr peple n the land.
Instead, there is a new system — using sund waves t predict tsunamis. Sund waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered. Using standard underwater micrphnes, we can recrd these sund waves lng befre the tsunami arrives regardless f the directin in which the tsunami will travel. The sund signals cme frm changes in pressure, s what we actually analyze is a series f data n hw the pressure is changing ver time. Thugh buys als shw changes in pressure, the tsunami frnt must actually reach the buys t infrm us that there is an increase in the water surface. By using underwater micrphnes, hwever, we nly need t catch the sund signals.
Thugh the idea f using sund waves t predict tsunamis has been put frward previusly, the key t ur idea is a new mathematical methd that can be used t analyze these recrded sund signals in near real-time. Once this is wrked ut, we can nt nly warn peple f a tsunami but als mre accurately estimate its size lng befre it reaches the shreline.
28．Frm Paragraph 1, we knw ______.
A．what can trigger ff tsunamis B．hw t predict tsunamis effectively
C．why tsunamis are the wrst natural disaster D．hw t prtect the castal areas frm tsunamis
29．What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The dart buys.B．The changes in the sea level.
C．The changes in water pressure.D．The present early warning systems.
30．What can we infer abut the new warning system frm Paragraph 3?
A．It has high accuracy.B．It can increase warning time.
C．It can mnitr changeable sea levels.D．It can adapt t varius water wave cnditins.
31．In which clumn f a newspaper may the passage appear?
A．Survival Stries.B．Disaster Rescue.
C．Scientific Inventin.D．Natural Envirnment.
【参考答案】
28．A 29．D 30．B 31．B
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一种利用声波来预测海啸的新的方法。
【详情解析】
28．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The series f waves generated by the displacement (位移) f a large vlume f water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explsins and landslides.(由大量水的位移产生的一系列波浪可能由几种事件引起，包括地震、水下爆炸和山体滑坡。)”可知，从第一段，我们知道什么会引发海啸。故选A。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“At present, early warning systems rely n measuring the mvement f dart buys (浮标), which recrd changes in the sea level, r assessing the bttm water pressure f the develping tsunami. But they require the tsunami t physically reach the measurement lcatin.(目前，早期预警系统依赖于测量记录海平面变化的浮标的运动，或者评估正在形成的海啸的底部水压。但它们需要海啸到达测量地点。)”可知，they指代的是现有的早期预警系统，故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“Using standard underwater micrphnes, we can recrd these sund waves lng befre the tsunami arrives regardless f the directin in which the tsunami will travel.(使用标准的水下麦克风，我们可以在海啸到来之前很久就记录下这些声波，而不管海啸将向哪个方向移动。)”可知，新的警告系统可以增加预警时间。故选B。
31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Instead, there is a new system — using sund waves t predict tsunamis. Sund waves caused by an earthquake can travel much faster than the tsunami that has been triggered. Using standard underwater micrphnes, we can recrd these sund waves lng befre the tsunami arrives regardless f the directin in which the tsunami will travel.(取而代之的是一种新的系统——利用声波来预测海啸。地震引起的声波传播速度比引发的海啸快得多。使用标准的水下麦克风，我们可以在海啸到来之前很久就记录下这些声波，而不管海啸将向哪个方向移动。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种利用声波来预测海啸的新的方法，因此可以出现在报纸的灾难救援栏目。故选B。
D
Natural disasters take many different frms and can happen withut warning. Earthquakes, flds, vlcanes, drughts, typhns, and hurricanes are all natural disasters.
The earthquake f 26 December 2004 resulted in ne f the wrst natural disasters in living memry. It was a massive (大规模的) underwater quake and ccurred in the Indian Ocean. This caused a huge tsunami t crss the Indian Ocean. It destryed castlines and cmmunities and brught death and destructin (破坏) t many peple. The survivrs needed fresh water, fd and shelter as well as medical help. Peple frm all ver the wrld cllect mney t help them.
The surface f the Earth has nt always lked as it des tday; it is mving cntinuusly althugh very slwly and has dne s fr billins f years. This is ne cause f earthquakes, when ne sectin f the Earth crashes with anther. Scientists can predict (预测) where this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line. Hwever, earthquakes d nt always happen n fault lines, which is why they are s dangerus and unpredictable.
All the disasters are very dangerus and cntinue t kill thusands f peple each year, but they are nwhere near the mst dangerus disaster t ever happen n earth. One type f event in the earth’s histry has regularly killed millins f beings: asterid impacts (小行星撞击). Abut nce every millin years the Earth is hit by a piece f rck and ice frm space large enugh t cause massive destructin (including earthquakes, vlcanes and ice ages) and smetimes t kill entire species. Sixty-five millin years ag mre than half the earth’s species were killed by such a disaster, including all the dinsaurs. Disasters n the Earth may seem dangerus, but the biggest threat t humans is likely t cme frm space.
32．What did the Indian Ocean earthquake cause?
A．A hurricane.B．A typhn.C．A vlcanic eruptin.D．A tsunami.
33．What can scientists predict abut earthquakes?
A．The pssible time.B．The pssible place.
C．The pssible damage.D．The pssible frequency.
34．Where will the mst dangerus natural disaster cme frm accrding t the authr?
A．The cean.B．The ples.
C．Outer space.D．Deep under the surface.
35．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Hw natural disasters happened
B．Where natural disasters happened mst
C．When peple shuld avid natural disasters
D．What kind f natural disasters are mst destructive
【参考答案】
32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自然灾害的形式、发生原因和影响，并强调了小行星撞击是地球历史上最危险的灾难之一，也是对人类最大的威胁。文章通过具体事例和数据说明了自然灾害的破坏性和不可预测性，并呼吁人们关注和防范自然灾害。
【详情解析】
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The earthquake f 26 December 2004 resulted in ne f the wrst natural disasters in living memry. It was a massive (大规模的) underwater quake and ccurred in the Indian Ocean. This caused a huge tsunami t crss the Indian Ocean.(2004年12月26日的地震是人们记忆中最严重的自然灾害之一。这是一场发生在印度洋的巨大水下地震。这引发了一场席卷印度洋的巨大海啸)”可知，印度洋地震造成了巨大海啸。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Scientists can predict (预测) where this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line.(科学家可以预测这可能发生的地方，板块之间的区域被称为断层线)”可知，科学家能预测地震可能发生的地方。故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Disasters n the Earth may seem dangerus, but the biggest threat t humans is likely t cme frm space.(地球上的灾难可能看起来很危险，但对人类最大的威胁可能来自太空)”可知，作者认为最危险的自然灾害将来自太空。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“This caused a huge tsunami t crss the Indian Ocean.(这引发了一场席卷印度洋的巨大海啸)”以及第三段“This is ne cause f earthquakes, when ne sectin f the Earth crashes with anther.(当地球的一部分与另一部分碰撞时，这是地震的一个原因)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了自然灾害的形式、发生原因和影响，所以A项“Hw natural disasters happene(自然灾害是如何发生的)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Persnal develpment is a way fr a persn t set gals and imprve his life. 36 Hw shuld we prperly make thse plans? And what shuld we knw when carrying ut the plans?
Many peple agree that the first step t develping a prper persnal develpment plan is t make an hnest self-evaluatin (自我评价). During this time, a persn shuld try t get a better understanding f himself. 37
When making self -develpment plans, a persn shuld knw every persnal develpment plan is different. Everyne has different abilities and ways t achieve these gals, and it is a highly persnal prcess. 38 Achieving big gals hardly ever happens in a shrt time. It can take years r even a lifetime t happen.
Carrying ut self-develpment plans requires effrts. A persn must be willing t spend his time and energy making self-develpment plans wrk prperly. 39 S a persn had better get the supprt f any peple wh’d like t put in sme effrts t help him fllw his persnal develpment plan.
40 When yu d s, it’s imprtant t chse ne yu feel cmfrtable with, wh can help yu fllw yur persnal develpment plan. Be patient befre yu find the perfect match. After all, a cach nt fit fr yu will make yu bth unhappy. After yu chse a life cach that yu like, be ready t wrk with him。
A．Sme may set shrt-term gals.
B．Sme peple may prefer t find a life cach.
C．Ding it alne can be a very challenging task.
D．T reach persnal develpment requires plans.
E．It includes persnal weak pints, values and s n.
F．Peple may fail t fllw their persnal develpment plans.
G．Hwever, almst every self-develpment plan requires patience.
【参考答案】
36．D 37．E 38．G 39．C 40．B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何制定一个个人发展计划。
【详情解析】
36．下文“Hw shuld we prperly make thse plans? And what shuld we knw when carrying ut the plans?”（我们应该如何正确地制定这些计划?在实施这些计划时，我们应该知道些什么？）提出有关计划的具体疑问，D项“T reach persnal develpment requires plans.”（实现个人发展需要计划。）衔接上文“Persnal develpment is a way fr a persn t set gals and imprve his life.”（个人发展是一个人设定目标和改善生活的一种方式。）中的“Persnal develpment”并照应下文实施个人发展计划的具体问题，衔接恰当。故选D项。
37．上文“During this time, a persn shuld try t get a better understanding f himself.”（在这段时间里，一个人应该努力更好地了解自己。）说明在进行自我评价时要了解自己，E项“It includes persnal weak pints, values and s n.”（它包括个人的弱点，价值观等。）衔接上文，说明了解自己具体包括的方面，衔接恰当。故选E项。
38．上文“Everyne has different abilities and ways t achieve these gals, and it is a highly persnal prcess.”（每个人都有不同的能力和方法来实现这些目标，这是一个高度个人化的过程。）说明制定个人发展计划因人而异，G项“Hwever, almst every self-develpment plan requires patience.”（然而，几乎每一个自我发展计划都需要耐心。）衔接上文，构成转折，说明虽然每个计划都所有不同，它们的共同点是都需要耐心，引出下文“Achieving big gals hardly ever happens in a shrt time. It can take years r even a lifetime t happen.”（实现大目标几乎不可能在短时间内实现。这可能需要数年甚至一生的时间。）对耐心的具体解释。故选G项。
39．下文“S a persn had better get the supprt f any peple wh’d like t put in sme effrts t help him fllw his persnal develpment plan.”（因此，一个人最好得到任何愿意付出努力帮助他遵循个人发展计划的人的支持。）说明了他人支持的重要性，C项“Ding it alne can be a very challenging task.”（独自做这件事可能是一项非常具有挑战性的任务。）构成下文需要获得他人支持的原因，衔接恰当。故选C项。
40．下文“When yu d s, it’s imprtant t chse ne yu feel cmfrtable with, wh can help yu fllw yur persnal develpment plan. Be patient befre yu find the perfect match. After all, a cach nt fit fr yu will make yu bth unhappy. After yu chse a life cach that yu like, be ready t wrk with him。”（当你这样做的时候，选择一个你感觉舒服的人是很重要的，他可以帮助你遵循你的个人发展计划。在你找到完美伴侣之前要有耐心。毕竟，一个不适合你的教练会让你俩都不开心。在你选择了一个你喜欢的人生导师之后，准备好和他一起工作。）说明了如何选择合适的人生导师来帮助自己，B项“Sme peple may prefer t find a life cach.”（有些人可能更喜欢找一个人生导师。）衔接下文，选择人生导师应注意的事项，符合句意。故选B项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have a degree in business. But it was my father’s 41 fr me t seek a business majr. He thught that having a business majr wuld 42 me mre available chices and make me mre cmpetitive in entering a glbal labr market. I 43 his advice. Hwever, even thugh my cllege experiences were 44 , I had n interest in any 45 f cmmerce (商业), let alne having a lng-term career as a businesswman.
After I graduated, I wrked as a marketing planner at a cmputer cmpany. My 46 and wrking envirnment were great; yet I 47 didn’t feel happy ding smething that held little attractin fr me. After tw mnths f wrking there, I made up my mind t 48 and decided t d what I lve, namely 49 histry. I have nw been ding this jb fr ver twenty years. I am fnd f being with my students.
If yu are in a 50 where yu dn’t lve what yu are learning r ding, please ask yurself what yu are really 51 by and what yu truly want fr yur life. Dn’t 52 t get yurself a quick answer. Take sme time t think abut what career culd bring 53 t yu.
I like this mtt “Success is nt the key t happiness. 54 , happiness is the key t success.” Happiness 55 the inside f yu, nt the utside. If yu lve what yu are ding, yu will be successful.
41．A．ambitinB．taskC．decisinD．respnse
42．A．ensureB．saveC．leaveD．pass
43．A．arguedB．valuedC．tkD．ppse
44．A．fantasticB．awkwardC．painfulD．plain
45．A．paperB．fieldC．cllegeD．persn
46．A．viewB．dreamC．campusD．pay
47．A．nlyB．stillC．alsD．even
48．A．quitB．cntinueC．cnsiderD．wait
49．A．prmtingB．writingC．teachingD．studying
50．A．firmB．gameC．stryD．place
51．A．anxiusB．specificC．fascinatedD．familiar
52．A．rushB．panicC．intendD．stp
53．A．lveB．jyC．cnfidenceD．knwledge
54．A．BesidesB．MeanwhileC．TherefreD．Hwever
55．A．applies tB．spreads tC．differs frmD．cmes frm
【参考答案】
C 42．A 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D
51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一开始听从父亲的建议选择了自己不喜欢的专业和工作，最终辞职，并追求自己热爱的事业的故事。告诉我们不要随波逐流，一定要要找到自己热爱的事业。
【详情解析】
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有商科学位，但让我去攻读商科专业是父亲的决定。A. ambitin雄心；B. task任务；C. decisin决定；D. respnse回应。根据后文“I ____43____ his advice.”可知，让我攻读商科是父亲的决定，我听从了他的建议。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为拥有商科学位将保证我有更多的选择，并使我在进入全球劳动力市场时更具竞争力。A. ensure确保；B. save节约；C. leave离开；D. pass通过。根据后文“mre available chices and make me mre cmpetitive”可知，父亲认为拥有商科学位能给我带来更多选择，确保一个光明的未来。故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了他的建议。A. argued争论；B. valued重视；C. tk接受；D. ppse反对。根据后文“Hwever, even thugh my cllege experiences were ____44____，I had n interest in any ____45____ f cmmerce”可知，虽然我不喜欢商科，但还是接受了父亲的建议。故选C项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管我的大学经历很棒，但我对任何商业领域都不感兴趣，更不用说作为一名女商人了。A. fantastic极好的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. painful痛苦的；D. plain朴素的。根据前文“Hwever”及后文“I had n interest in any ____45____ f cmmerce”可知，前后构成转折关系，表示虽然我的大学经历很棒，但我对任何商业领域都不感兴趣。故选A项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管我的大学经历很棒，但我对任何商业领域都不感兴趣，更不用说作为一名女商人了。A. paper论文；B. field领域；C. cllege大学；D. persn个人。根据前文“any”及后文“f cmmerce”可知，我对任何一个商业领域都不感兴趣。故选B项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的工资很高，工作环境都很好。A. view看法；B. dream梦想；C. campus校园；D. pay薪水。根据前文“I wrked as a marketing planner at a cmputer cmpany”可知，我进入职场，薪水很高。故选D项。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我依旧因为做着一些对我没什么吸引力的事情而不开心。A. nly仅仅；B. still仍然；C. als也；D. even甚至。根据前文“My ____46____ and wrking envirnment were great”及“yet”可知，虽然我的工资和工作环境都很好，但我仍然不开心。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里工作了两个月后，我决定辞职去做我喜欢的事，去教历史。A. quit停止，辞职；B. cntinue继续；C. cnsider考虑；D. wait等待。根据后文“decided t d what I lve”可知，我决定辞职去做我喜欢做的事情。故选A项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里工作了两个月后，我决定辞职去做我喜欢的事，去教历史。A. prmting促进；B. writing写作；C. teaching教授；D. studying学习。根据后文“I am fnd f being with my students.”可知，我喜欢做的事情是成为一名历史老师，教历史。故选C项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你处于你不喜欢你正在学习或做的事情的境地，请问一问自己你真正热爱的是什么，你在生活中真正想要的是什么。A. firm公司；B. game游戏；C. stry故事；D. place位置，境况。根据后文“where yu dn’t lve what yu are learning r ding”可知，当你处在你不喜欢你正在学习或做的事情的境地时，要仔细想想自己真正热爱的东西。故选D项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你处于你不喜欢你正在学习或做的事情的境地，请问一问自己你真正热爱的是什么，你在生活中真正想要的是什么。A. anxius焦急的；B. specific具体的；C. fascinated着迷的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“what yu truly want fr yur life”可知，要弄清楚使自己着迷的东西，自己真正热爱的东西是什么。故选C项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要急于给自己答案。A. rush仓促做；B. panic使恐慌；C. intend计划；D. stp停止。根据后文“Take sme time t think abut”可知，要花时间仔细考虑，不要急于给自己答案。故选A项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：花点时间想想什么职业能够让你快乐。A. lve热爱；B. jy喜悦；C. cnfidence自信；D. knwledge知识。 根据后文“happiness is the key t success”可知，要考虑清楚能给自己带来快乐的事业。故选B项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢“成功不是幸福的钥匙，然而，幸福是成功的钥匙”这句格言。A. Besides此外；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefre因此；D. Hwever然而。根据前文“Success is nt the key t happiness.”及后文“happiness is the key t success”可知，前后构成转折关系。故选D项。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸福来自你的内心，而不是外在。A. applies t应用于；B. spreads t传播；C. differs frm不同于；D. cmes frm来自。根据后文“the inside f yu, nt the utside”可知，幸福来自你的内心。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent survey has fund that many peple suffer frm sleep prblems. Sme are 56 (able) t fall asleep, sme wake up in the middle f the night, and thers 57 (simple) d nt get enugh sleep. One f the reasns why peple fail t get a gd night’s sleep 58 (be) pressure frm schl r wrk. Nise pllutin and light pllutin in big cities may als cntribute 59 sleep prblems. In 60 shrt term, peple with sleep prblems ften feel tired and have truble cncentrating. In the lng term, they may be at increased risk f having a pr memry, being verweight and 61 (suffer) a heart attack. Sleep prblems are especially dangerus fr 62 (teenager). They are still grwing and night is the time when 63 (they) bdies grw faster. Teenagers 64 d nt sleep well may experience situatins where bdy develpment slws dwn, and their health suffers.
S, if yu have truble getting a gd night’s sleep, it might be time 65 (make) sme changes in yur lifestyle.
【参考答案】
unable 57．simply 58．is 59．t 60．the
61．suffering 62．teenagers 63．their 64．wh/that 65．t make
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠问题产生的原因以及对健康造成的不良影响。
【详情解析】
56．考查形容词。句意：有些人无法入睡，有些人半夜醒来，还有一些人只是睡眠不足。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词unable“不能”在句中作表语。故填unable。
57．考查副词。句意：有些人无法入睡，有些人半夜醒来，还有一些人只是睡眠不足。分析句子可知，空处应填副词simply“只是”在句中作状语。故填simply。
58．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语是One f the reasns，be动词用is。故填is。
59．考查介词。句意：大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。cntribute t“导致”为固定短语。故填t。
60．考查定冠词。句意：从短期来看，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲劳，难以集中注意力。in the shrt term“从短期来看”为固定短语。故填the。
61．考查非谓语。句意：从长远来看，他们可能会增加记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险。分析句子可知，空处应填动名词suffering在句中作f的宾语，与having和being并列。故填suffering。
62．考查名词。句意：睡眠问题对青少年来说尤其危险。teenager“青少年”为可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，故用复数表示类别。故填teenagers。
63．考查代词。句意：他们仍在生长，夜晚是他们身体生长更快的时候。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词性物主代词在句中作定语。故填their。
64．考查定语从句。句意：睡眠不好的青少年可能会经历身体发育减慢、健康受损的情况。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句修饰先行词Teenagers，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代先行词Teenagers，可用wh或that。故填wh或that。
65．考查不定式。句意：所以，如果你晚上睡不好，也许是时候改变一下你的生活方式了。it is time t d sth.“到做某事的时间了”为固定句式。故填t make。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校将举办主题为“用英语讲述中国故事”的中外交流活动，请写一篇稿件，为外国朋友们介绍一位对社会做出过贡献的中国伟人，内容包括：
1. 人物基本情况介绍；
2. 人物成就及影响。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A persn I admire mst
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
A persn I admire mst
Tu yuyu is a persn wh I admire mst.
Tu yuyu was admitted int Beijing University in 1951, majring in making medicine. After graduatin, she has been wrking in China Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine. In 1972, she succeeded in discvering and develping artemisinin ut f Chinese herb t cure thse patients f malaria acrss the glbe, fr which she wn many big awards. T ur excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nble Prize in Medicine n Octber 5th, 2015, becming the first Chinese wman t win the Nbel Prize.
Althugh she has gained such great achievements, Tu remains mdest and prudent. We shuld learn frm her and devte urselves t scientific research.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇应用文。要求考生向外国朋友们介绍一位对社会做出过贡献的中国伟人。
【详情解析】
1.词汇积累
钦佩，尊重：admire→respect
录取：admit→enrll
奖品，奖：award→prize
获得，得到：gain→acquire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tu yuyu was admitted int Beijing University in 1951, majring in making medicine.
拓展句：Tu yuyu was admitted int Beijing University in 1951, wh majred in making medicine.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Tu yuyu was admitted int Beijing University in 1951, majring in making medicine.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]In 1972, she succeeded in discvering and develping artemisinin ut f Chinese herb t cure thse patients f malaria acrss the glbe, fr which she wn many big awards. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Catherine was the clest kid in her class. Whenever she went, she was in the sptlight, with a bunch f kids fllwing her and ding everything she did.
Her deskmate, Landy, hwever, was nt in the cl kids’ grup. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, wh were always chanting “Landy, Landy, lng as spaghetti (意大利面 )”. Every time Landy heard thse silly chants, she culd feel her face burst int flames. Gd knew hw she wished the grund t crack and swallw her!
Catherine didn’t really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, lng as spaghetti”. But she never tld them t stp either, and nr did she ever talk t her. She liked being ppular.
One weekend, Catherine went ver t her grandfather fr Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives n a farm at the ppsite end f twn, where he keeps chickens. While helping t feed the chickens, Catherine nticed a peculiar ne. Curling in the crner, it lked smaller than the thers and was almst half-bare!
“What’s the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frwn n her face. Her grandfather tld her hw chickens culd act. “They have a pecking (啄) rder,” he explained, wrinkles f cncern spreading arund his frehead. “If ne chicken is different, the thers will push it away and keep pecking it. Smetimes they peck it s much that it dies.”
“Oh, what a pr little thing!” Catherine let ut a sigh as she scped the frightened chicken up in her arms, whse heart was beating fast in the bny little bdy. Suddenly, she thught f Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. “I’m ging t take it hme and take gd care f it,” she said with a determined lk.
Back in schl, Catherine tld the cl kids abut the chicken. “It’s lking healthy,” she said prudly. “It’s fatter and its feathers are grwing. Even the cat likes it. She carries it arund the garden, and...” Everyne was entertained by Catherine’s stry f her lvely chicken, laughter lingering arund the classrm.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1. Then Catherine sptted Landy sitting by herself in a crner. _____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2. But Catherine walked directly tward Landy, regardless f what they said.__________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Then Catherine sptted Landy sitting by herself in a crner. She kept her head dwn with her eyes fixed n the flr as usual. It hit Catherine that the pecking rder wrked in schl, t. Landy was just like the pr little chicken, being teased and ignred by her classmates, merely due t her special height. “It’s time fr me t make an aplgy t Landy.” Catherine thught t herself. N sner had she made up her mind than she annunced it t the cl kids surrunding her. Astnished at what she said, all the kids burst ut screaming, “Talking t the lng spaghetti? Are yu crazy?”
But Catherine walked directly tward Landy, regardless f what they said. “Hi, Landy. I’m srry abut the spaghetti thing.” Catherine murmured an aplgy, her face reddening. “I knw it hurts yu. Can yu frgive us?” She figured Landy might just walk away. But she lifted her misty eyes and ndded yes. Catherine wiped away her tears, giving her a warm hug. Mved by the scene, the ther kids als came t ffer their sincere aplgies t Landy. Frm that day n, n ne made up silly chants abut Landy, and Catherine als gained an imprtant life lessn that everyne shuld be treated equally n matter hw special he r she was.
【语篇解读】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Catherine一开始在班上看到同学取笑自己的同桌Landy时，没什么反应。但后来去爷爷家过感恩节，看到一只小鸡由于与其他鸡不同而被啄，联想到了自己的同桌，后来带领班上同学向同桌Landy道歉的故事。
【详情解析】
1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“这时凯瑟琳看见兰蒂独自坐在一个角落里。”可知，第一段可描写Catherine注意到同桌Landy一个人坐在角落里时的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“但是凯瑟琳不管他们说什么，直接向兰迪走去。”可知，第二段可描写Catherine带着同学向Landy道歉后，Landy与其他同学的反应。
2. 续写线索：注意到Landy——联想到Landy的处境——决定道歉——道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①低着头：keep her head dwn/put her head dwn
②盯着地板：fixed n the flr/fcused n the flr
③取笑：tease/laugh at
情绪类
①吃惊的、惊讶的：astnished/surprised/amazed
②感动的：mved/tuched
③真诚的：sincere/genuine
【点睛】
[高分句型1]N sner had she made up her mind than she annunced it t the cl kids surrunding her.(运用了n sner…than…引导的时间状语从句和部分倒装)
[高分句型2]Frm that day n, n ne made up silly chants abut Landy, and Catherine als gained an imprtant life lessn that everyne shuld be treated equally n matter hw special he r she was.(运用了n matter hw引导让步状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)