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北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT3 Section D课时学案含答案
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这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT3 Section D课时学案含答案，共41页。
Section D Lesson 3 Memories of Christmas Ⅰ.基础词汇 1．________________ vi.& vt. 低声说，低语 n. 耳语，低语 2．________________ vt. 使成筒形(球形) n.一卷；面包卷 3．________________ vi.& vt. 挥手；招手 n.挥手；波浪 4．________________ vi.& vt. 吞下，咽下 n.咽，吞；(鸟)燕子 5．________________ vt. 给……填馅；填，塞 6．________________ n. 树枝 7．________________ n. 盘；碟 8．________________ n. 信封 9．________________ n. 地极，北/南极 10．________________ n. 事件 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．memory n．记忆，回忆→________ adj.难忘的；值得纪念的 2．slight adj.略微的→________ adv.略微，稍微 3．frost n．严寒天气；霜冻→________ adj.严寒的 4．patient adj.有耐心的 n．病人→________ n．耐心；耐力 5．behave v．表现；表现得体→________ n．行为，举止 6．merry adj.快乐的→________ adv.快乐地 7．ball n．球；球形的东西；舞会→________ n．芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演→________ n．(氢)气球 v．(使)鼓起；(使)激增 8．stock n．储存品；存货；(树)干，(灌木的)主干 vt.储存→________ n．长筒袜 9．wed vt.嫁给；娶；结婚→________ n．婚礼；结婚庆典 Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译) (A) 写出下列短语的汉意 1．such a memorable Christmas ________________ 2．on a cold, windy day ________________ 3．be a mess ________________ 4．move in ________________ 5．make an effort ________________ 6．Merry Christmas. ________________ 7．Happy New Year. ________________ 8．make a snowman ________________ 9．a music box with a ballet dancer inside ________________ 10．catch sb.'s eye ________________ (B) 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语 1．________________ 再三地，重复地 2．________________ 就座 3．________________ 竖起，搭起 4．________________ 睡着 5．________________ 尽量表现得体 6．________________ 戴上，穿上 7．________________ 掉落 8．________________ 去世 9．________________ 不再 10．________________ 相信……的存在 11．________________ 想起 Ⅰ.课文思维导图 Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 1．What does the word “it” in “...maybe she hid it too well...” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Christmas Day. B.White hair. C.Windy day. D.Being ill. 2．What did Granny do before Christmas Day? A.She helped the writer write to Father Christmas. B.She prepared lights, cards and snowmen for the writer. C.She bought various delicious food for the family. D.She taught the writer Christmas songs. 3．What gift did the writer get on Christmas Day? A.A Christmas tree. B.New stockings. C.Some treasures. D.A music box. 4．Why does the writer always make a Gshape biscuit? A.To show her talent. B.To honour her granny. C.To show she is a responsible person. D.To advertise her special biscuit. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 It was a 1.________ (wind) November day when Granny came. Somehow, I didn't know she was sick. She spent most of her time on the sofa by the fire. 2.________ I wrote a letter to Father Christmas, Granny tried to help me. In December, 3.________ (we) excitement grew each day. Granny and I made sugar biscuits and we sang Christmas songs. 4.________ Christmas Eve, we put a stocking at the end of my bed. I remember Granny 5.________ (sit) on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep. My stocking was full of gifts the next morning, and there were 6.________ (present) under the tree. I was on my best 7.________ (behave) as we opened the presents. Later, Granny called me over. “I have something special for you，” she 8.________ (whisper). Before long she passed away. I think of her often though, 9.________ (especial) at Christmas. Now I'm the one 10.________ makes sugar biscuits each year, and I always make one in a Gshape—G for Granny. [词汇注释] ①be a mess乱成一团 ②move in搬来(和某人)一起居住 ③somehow/'sʌmhaʊ/adv. 不知怎的；不知为什么 ④on the way即将到来 ⑤make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 ⑥slightly/'slaItli/adv.略微，稍微 ⑦shaky adj.颤抖的 ⑧pole/pəʊl/n.地极，北/南极 ※the North Pole北极 ⑨envelope/'envələʊp/n.信封 ⑩stuff/stʌf/vt.给……填馅；填，塞 ※stuff the turkey给火鸡填馅 ⑪lap/læp/n.大腿部 ※sit on one's lap坐在某人的大腿上 ⑫frosty/'frɒsti/adj.严寒的 ⑬patience/'peIʃəns/n.耐心；耐力 ※have the patience to do sth.耐心地做某事 ⑭over and over再三地，重复地 ⑮eve/iːv/n.前夕；前一天 ※on Christmas Eve在圣诞节前夕 ⑯take a seat就座 ⑰by the fire在炉火旁 ⑱put up the Christmas tree立起圣诞树 ⑲hang vt.(hung, hung) 悬挂 ⑳branch/brɑːntʃ/n.树枝 [教材原文] I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us.[1] It began in the middle of November on a cold, windy day. I remember the wind because Granny's grey hair was a mess① when she arrived. That was also the day Granny moved in②. Somehow③， at the time, I didn't know she was sick. Maybe I was too young, maybe she hid it too well, or maybe I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way④. [1]省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰the last Christmas。 After Granny moved in, she spent most of her time on the brown sofa by the fire. Sometimes she was quiet, but she seemed happy. When I wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about the presents I wanted, Granny made an effort to⑤ help me. Her hand was slightly⑥ shaky⑦， but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole⑧” on the envelope⑨. In December, our excitement grew each day—lights appeared in the streets, Christmas cards arrived, and there was snow everywhere. Granny and I made sugar biscuits, stuffed⑩ the turkey and then I sat on my granny's lap⑪ and we sang Christmas songs. My favourite song was Frosty⑫ the Snowman and I loved the bit that went “Thumpetythumpthump , thumpetythumpthump, look at Frosty go！”[2] Granny had the patience⑬ to sing it over and over⑭ again. [2]that引导定语从句，修饰the bit, that在从句中作主语。 On Christmas Eve⑮， Granny took a seat⑯ by the fire⑰ as we put up the Christmas tree⑱. I hung⑲ most of the decorations on the branches⑳. “That's the most beautiful tree I've ever seen [3]，” Granny said. [3]定语从句修饰tree，省略了在从句中作宾语的关系代词that。 [汉语译文] 我仍记得奶奶和我们一起度过的最后一个圣诞节。十一月中旬，寒冷多风的日子就来了。我记得那天的风，因为奶奶到达时她的灰头发乱作一团。那天也是奶奶搬进来的日子。不知为什么，那个时候我并未发现她病了。或许是因为我太小了，或许是她隐藏得太好了，或者可能是我对圣诞节的到来太兴奋了。 奶奶搬过来以后，大多数时间都待在炉火旁棕色的沙发上。有时她很安静，但她看起来很高兴。当我写信给圣诞老人，告诉他我想要的礼物时，奶奶尽力帮助我。她的手有点发抖，但她在信封上写上了“圣诞老人，北极”。 十二月，我们的兴奋感与日俱增——街道上灯火通明，圣诞贺卡来了，到处都是雪。奶奶和我做了糖饼干，填了火鸡，然后我坐在奶奶的腿上，我们一起唱圣诞歌。我最喜欢的歌是《雪人(雪孩子)》，我喜欢那伴随着“砰砰砰，砰砰砰砰，看弗罗斯蒂走！”的节拍。奶奶耐心地一遍又一遍地唱。 在平安夜，奶奶靠着炉火坐着，我们把圣诞树立起来。我把大部分装饰都挂在树枝上。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(21)) fill...with...用……装满…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(22)) plate/pleIt/n.盘；碟 ※a plate of一盘/碟…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(23)) leave...out把……留在外面 eq \o(○,\s\up1(24)) stocking/'stɒkIŋ/n.长筒袜 eq \o(○,\s\up1(25)) remember sb. doing sth.记得某人做过某事 ※remember to do sth.记得要做某事 eq \o(○,\s\up1(26)) fall asleep睡着 eq \o(○,\s\up1(27)) be full of装满…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(28)) behaviour/bI'heIvjə/n.行为，举止 ※on one's best behaviour尽可能好地表现 eq \o(○,\s\up1(29)) call sb. over呼唤某人；召唤某人 eq \o(○,\s\up1(30)) something special特别的东西 ※形容词修饰复合不定代词时要放在复合不定代词的后面。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(31)) whisper/'wIspə/vi.& vt.低声说，低语 eq \o(○,\s\up1(32)) merry/'meri/adj.快乐的 ※Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(33)) ballet/'bæleI/n.芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演 eq \o(○,\s\up1(34)) roll/rəʊl/vt.使成筒形(球形)n.一卷；面包卷 eq \o(○,\s\up1(35)) catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 eq \o(○,\s\up1(36)) wave/weIv/vi.& vt.挥手；招手 ※wave to/at朝……挥手 eq \o(○,\s\up1(37)) affair/ə'feə/n.事件 eq \o(○,\s\up1(38)) put on戴上；穿上 eq \o(○,\s\up1(39)) followed by然后，接着是，跟随 eq \o(○,\s\up1(40)) swallow/'swɒləʊ/vi.& vt.吞下，咽下 eq \o(○,\s\up1(41)) the rest剩下的，余下的 eq \o(○,\s\up1(42)) fall off掉下来 eq \o(○,\s\up1(43)) pass away去世 ※die的委婉说法。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(44)) no longer 不再 ※no longer＝not...any longer eq \o(○,\s\up1(45)) believe in相信……的存在 eq \o(○,\s\up1(46)) come to mind记起；想到 eq \o(○,\s\up1(47)) memory/'meməri/n. 记忆，回忆, Then she started singing, “Oh, Christmas tree, oh, Christmas tree, you fill my heart withB21 music...” Before bed, Granny and I left a plateB22 of sugar biscuits outB23 for Father Christmas, and put a stockingB24 at the end of my bed. I remember Granny sittingB25 on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleepB26. My stocking was full ofB27 small toys and sweets on Christmas morning, and there were presents under the tree. I was on my best behaviourB28 as we opened the presents. Later, Granny called me overB29. “I have something specialB30 for you，” Granny whisperedB31. “It's for all your treasures. MerryB32 Christmas.” It was a music box with a balletB33 dancer inside [4]. [4]with的复合结构(with＋名词＋adv.)作定语，修饰box。 After breakfast, Auntie Kath and my cousin David arrived. While Mum, Dad and Auntie Kath got lunch ready, David and I played outside. We raced around the garden and rolledB34 a big snowball to make a lovely snowman. Granny stayed inside by the fire. I remember catching her eyeB35 through the window. “Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just wavedB36. Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affairB37. We put onB38 silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, followed byB39 Christmas pudding. David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallowB40. “How's the pudding？” Granny asked. “Mmmph, mmmph, mmmph，” said David. Auntie Kath didn't think it was funny, but the restB41 of us did. Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell offB42. A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed awayB43. I think of her often though [5], especially at Christmas. Each year, I take out the music box she gave me [6]. Inside I keep Granny's paper hat and the letter she helped me write that Christmas. Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longerB44 believed inB45 Father Christmas. When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mindB46. It's also my memoryB47 of Granny. Now I'm the one who makes sugar biscuits each year [7], and I always make one in a Gshape—G for Granny. [5]though是副词作状语，意为“然而，可是”，常用于句末，但不能位于句首。 [6]省略that/which的定语从句，修饰the music box。 [7]who(此处可用that替代)引导定语从句，修饰the one。 “那是我见过的最漂亮的树，”奶奶说。 然后她开始唱，“哦，圣诞树，哦，圣诞树，你用音乐填满我内心……” 睡觉前，奶奶和我为圣诞老人准备了一盘糖饼干，并在床头放了一只长袜。我记得奶奶坐在我的床上，轻声唱歌直到我睡着。 圣诞节早上，我的袜子里装满了小玩具和糖果，而且树下有礼物。拆礼物时，我表现得特别好。后来，奶奶叫我过来。 “我有一个特别的东西给你，”奶奶低声说。“为了保存你所有的财富。圣诞快乐。” 那是一个音乐盒，里面有个芭蕾舞演员。 早饭后，凯丝姑妈和我的堂弟大卫来了。当妈妈、爸爸和凯丝姑妈准备午饭时，我和大卫在外面玩。我们在花园里跑来跑去，滚了一个大雪球，做了一个可爱的雪人。奶奶待在炉火旁。我记得当时从窗户里看到她的眼睛。 “到外面来，奶奶，”我叫她，但她只是挥了挥手。 午餐晚了，但这是一件既欢闹又令人兴奋的大事。我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃塞有土豆的大火鸡，随后又吃圣诞布丁。大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。 “布丁怎么样？”奶奶问。 “唔，唔，唔，”大卫说。 凯丝姑妈不觉得有趣，但我们其他人都觉得有趣。奶奶开怀大笑，她的纸帽子掉了下来。 圣诞节后的几个星期，奶奶去世了。不过我经常想起她，尤其是在圣诞节。每年，我都会拿出她给我的音乐盒。我把奶奶的纸帽子和她帮我写的那封圣诞信放在里面。几年前我不再相信有圣诞老人时，妈妈就把信还给了我。当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人，还有我对奶奶的回忆。现在的我每年都做糖饼干，我总是做一个G形的糖饼干——G代表奶奶。 ►第一版块|重点单词诠释 1)memory n．[C]记忆，回忆；[C，U]记忆力，记性 memorise vt.记忆，记住) (教材原句)MEMORIES OF CHRISTMAS圣诞节的回忆 have a good/bad memory (for...) (对……)记忆力好/差 in memory of sb. 为了纪念某人 to the memory of 为了纪念…… from memory 凭记忆 lose one's memory 失去记忆 memories of childhood＝childhood memories 童年的回忆 ❶I have vivid memories of my grandparents. 我依然清楚地记得我的祖父母。 ❷She set up an education fund in memory of her mother (＝in her mother's memory). 她为了纪念母亲而设立了一个教育基金。 ❸I have a bad memory for names.我不善于记名字。 ❹She can recite the whole poem from memory.她能背诵全诗。 ❺He suffered loss of memory for weeks after the accident. 事故之后他有几个星期失去记忆。 ❻If a teacher wrote something on the blackboard that had to be memorised, I'd memorise it then and there. 如果老师在黑板上面写下一些必须要记住的话，我会当堂记下。 [拓展] memorial adj.悼念的，纪念的 n．纪念物，纪念碑 memorial表示“为某人所立的纪念碑”时通常接介词to；表示“为悼念某人而写的文章”时通常接介词of；表示“在纪念仪式上”时，其前通常用介词at。 memorial hall纪念堂，纪念馆 Memorial Day n．(美国)阵亡将士纪念日(通常为五月底) memorial service追悼会，追思礼拜 Lincoln Memorial林肯纪念堂 Memorial Park陵园；公墓 war memorial n．战争纪念碑 Chairman Mao memorial hall毛主席纪念堂 memorial tablet牌位 memorial meeting追悼会；纪念会 Memorial arch牌坊,[相关链接] in honour of为了向……表示敬意；为纪念…… in celebration of庆祝；为了庆祝 in favour of支持，赞同 in praise of歌颂 [比较] memorise和remember memorise...＝learn...by heart记住/熟记…… remember...想得起，记得 Do you remember me？你还记得我吗？ [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①He drew a picture of the thief ________ memory. ②She has an excellent memory ________ names, which helps her quite a lot in her work. ③________ memory of the late musician, he built this music studio. ④The Dragon Boat Festival is in ________ (memorise) of a Chinese poet, Qu Yuan. ⑤Kids jumped into a fishing port in ________ (celebrate) of the start of the island's Lantern Festival. ⑥He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour ________ the plan. ⑦She wrote poems in praise ________ the harmony between man and nature. ⑧Of course you have to learn a lot. And you have to ________ (memory) a lot of characters. 2)somehow adv.不知怎的，不知为什么；莫名其妙地) (教材原句)Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick. 不知为什么，那个时候我并未发现她病了。 somehow or other 想方设法；不知什么原因 ❶Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him. 不知为什么，我觉得不能信任他。 ❷She looked different somehow.不知怎的，她看上去变了。 ❸I know what we're doing is legal, but somehow it doesn't feel right.我知道我们这样做是合法的，但不知为何我觉得不对。 ❹Somehow or other, the baby burst into tears. 那个婴儿不知为什么大哭起来。 [比较] somehow/anyhow/somewhat ·somehow“由于某种未知的原因”或“不管怎样”。 ·anyhow“无论如何；即使这样”，相当于anyway。 ·somewhat意为“稍微，有点，有几分”，说明程度相当于a little, rather，它只能修饰形容词或副词。 Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door.不知怎么地，半夜里我听到大门外面有些奇怪的声音。 The water was cold but I took a shower anyway． 水很冷，不过我还是冲了个淋浴。 Anyway, let's forget about that for the moment. 咱们无论如何暂时不要再提这件事。 He walked away somewhat hastily. 他颇为匆忙地走了。 [拓展] anyhow (＝anyway)不管怎样；无论如何 He told me not to make such a fortune, but I did anyhow/anyway． 他告诉我不要发这笔财，但不管怎样，我还是做了。 [即学即练] 选词填空：somehow/anyhow/anyway ①________ he tells these stories without a note of horror. ②________ we lost our way in the forest. ③What a terrible experience! ________， you're safe now—that's the main thing. ④I am afraid we can't come, but thanks for your invitation ________． 单句语法填空 ⑤Somehow ________ other, Tom and his deskmate seemed to be always quarrelling. 3)slightly adv.略微，稍微) (教材原句)Her hand was slightly shaky, but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope.她的手有点发抖，但她在信封上写上了“圣诞老人，北极”。 (1)slightly upset/worried 有点难过/有点担心 a slightly different version 略有不同的版本 be slightly injured 受了轻伤 a slightly built person 身材瘦小的人 a slightly different colour 略微不同的一种颜色 slightly better/higher/lower/larger 稍好/高/低/大 know sb. slightly 对某人略有所知 (2)a slight chance 可能性不大 a slight increase/change/difference 略微的增长/变化/差异 not the slightest chance/doubt/difference 没有一点儿机会/怀疑/差别 not in the slightest (口语)毫不，一点也不 ❶His family then moved to a slightly larger house. 他家后来搬到了一座稍微大一点儿的房子。 ❷Each person learns in a slightly different way. 每个人学习的方式都略有不同。 ❸I woke up with a slight headache.我醒来时有点头痛。 ❹The damage was slight.损失很小。 ❺That doesn't interest me in the slightest. 那事儿一点也勾不起我的兴趣。 [拓展] slight adj.轻微的，略微的；细小的，纤细的，瘦小的；无须重视的，不足道的 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①That much carbon is ________ (slight) larger than the total amount put out by that country. ②It was fortunate for him to only get ________ (slight) injured in the car accident. ③He doesn't want to go out ________ the slightest at weekends, let alone on workdays. ④The girl was smaller and ________ (slight) than I had imagined. ⑤A wise mother never exposes her children to the ________ (slight) possibility of danger. ⑥I have to say it doesn't bother me in ________ slightest. As you know, I am willing to help you. 4)patience n．耐心；耐力；毅力；坚忍，恒心 impatience n．不耐烦) (教材原句)Granny had the patience to sing it over and over again.奶奶耐心地一遍又一遍地唱。 with patience (＝patiently) 耐心地 lose/run out of patience (with...) (对……)失去耐心 have no/little patience with... 不能容忍……；对……没耐心 have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事 be out of patience with... 对……失去耐心 ❶The expert explained the case to us with patience. 专家耐心地向我们解释了情况。 ❷People have lost patience with the slow pace of reform. 人们对改革的缓慢速度已失去耐性。 ❸My patience is wearing thin.我要忍耐不住了。 ❹I have run out of patience with her.我对她已失去耐性。 ❺She has little patience with such views.她很难接受这类观点。 [拓展] (1)patient adj.有耐心的，能忍耐的 n．病人 be patient with对……有耐心 She's very patient with young children.她对幼儿特别有耐心。 A number of patients have been successfully cured with the new drug.许多病人已经成功地被这种新药治愈了。 (2)patiently adv.耐心地 There was a queue of people waiting patiently for the bus to arrive． 有一群人在耐心地等待公共汽车的到来。 (3)impatient adj.不耐烦的；急于 be impatient with对……不耐烦 Try not to be impatient with her.尽量别对她没耐心。 (4)impatiently adv.不耐烦地 “Yes, you said that before，” she said impatiently． “是的，你以前说过，”她不耐烦地说。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Mr Gao is a good teacher, but he has little ________ (patient) with the pupils in his class. ②Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out ________ patience. ③The nurse is very patient ________ her patients. ④I'm ________ patient of Dr Yang. Could I make a date to see her, please? ⑤The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her ________ (patient). ⑥The crowd waited ________ (patient) in a line for the doors to open. ⑦As time went on he grew more and more ________ (patient). ⑧Tom lay awake and waited, in restless ________ (patience). ⑨He speaks proudly of his record and ________ (impatient) rejects the constant criticisms of his company. 5)branch n．树枝；支流；政府部门；(学科及语言的)分支；分店) (教材原句)I hung most of the decorations on the branches. 我把大部分装饰都挂在树枝上。 bare/flowering branches 光秃秃的/开满花的树枝 a branch of the Rhine 莱茵河的支流 a branch line/office 铁路支线/分公司 all branches of government 所有政府部门 open a branch 开一家分店 our branch manager 我们的分公司经理 ❶The branch she was standing on must have broken off. 她踩着的那根树枝一定折断了。 ❷After the storm, the ground was covered with branches. 暴风雨过后，地上布满了树枝。 ❸This branch of the river eventually flows into the Atlantic. 这条河的这条支流最终汇入大西洋。 ❹Our New York branch is dealing with the matter. 我们的纽约分部正在处理这件事情。 ❺The bank has three branches in the city. 这家银行在本市有三家分行。 [即学即练] 写出句中branch的含义 ①They're thinking of setting up a branch here.________ ②They cut away all the dead branches from the tree.________ ③All branches of the government are having to cut costs.________ ④He majors in a branch of computer science known as “artificial intelligence”．________ 单句语法填空 ⑤He was driving his car at a high speed when ________ branch shot across the window. ⑥Yesterday he cut off the upper ________ (branch) of the big tree in front of the door. 6)behaviour n．行为，举止，态度；活动方式，表现方式 behave vi.表现 vt.(oneself)表现得体，有礼貌) (教材原句)I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents.拆礼物时，我表现得特别好。 (1)on one's best behaviour 以最好的方式表现自己；举止规矩，行为检点 good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为 one's behaviour towards... 某人对……的行为 study human behaviour 研究人类的行为模式 rude/improper behaviour 粗鲁的/不恰当的行为 social behaviour 社会行为 (2)behave oneself 表现得体；有礼貌 behave well/badly 表现好/不好 behave strangely 举止怪异 behave like... 表现得像…… behave well/badly towards... 对待……态度好/恶劣 well/badlybehaved children 表现好/差的孩子们 ❶Make sure that good behaviour is rewarded. 确保良好的行为受到嘉奖。 ❷He was regretful about his behaviour. 他对自己的行为感到后悔。 ❸Charles was on his good behaviour throughout the interview. 整个会见过程查尔斯表现出良好的行为举止。 ❹They behaved very badly towards their guests. 他们对客人们很不礼貌。 ❺She always behaves well when her aunts come to visit. 当她的姑姑来访时，她总是表现得很好。 ❻He behaved like a true gentleman.他的行为像个真正的绅士。 ❼He behaved as if/though nothing had happened. 他表现得像是什么都没发生过。 [语境助记] I want you to behave yourselves while I'm away. 我不在家时你们要乖乖的。 Many cyclists behave dangerously. 许多骑自行车的人行为危险。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Listening is thus an active, not a passive ________ (behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. ②He told his pupils to behave ________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture. ③His mother often punished him in his childhood because he behaved ________ (bad). ④They felt a sense of achievement, because their children all behaved ________ (good). ⑤The audience was surprisingly well ________ (behave), which made the host smile in relief. ⑥These ________ (behave) can be observed among many children who have lost a parent or other loved one. 7)whisper vi.& vt.低声说，低语；私下说 n．耳语(声)，低语；轻柔的声音；传言) (教材原句)“I have something special for you，” Granny whispered.“我有一个特别的东西给你，”奶奶低声说。 (1)whisper about sth. 密谈某事；低声说…… whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人 whisper sth. in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事 whisper to sb. that... 低声对某人说…… It is whispered that... 有人私下里说…… (2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声地 ❶Don't you know it's rude to whisper? 难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？ ❷What are you two whispering about? 你们两人在低声说些什么？ ❸She leaned over and whispered something in his ear. 她探过身去附耳跟他说了些什么。 ❹He whispered to me that he was afraid. 他低声对我说害怕。 ❺It was whispered that he would soon die and he did. 有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。 ❻Girls were talking in whispers in every office. 女孩们在每个办公室里悄声交谈着。 ❼I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．我知道我会低声对自己说两个简单的词“Be yourself”。 ❽Her voice dropped to a whisper.她压低声音小声说话。 ❾I've heard whispers that he's leaving.我听人说他要走。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) I could hear the whisper of the sea.我听见大海在轻声诉说。 [误区提醒] whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即whisper sth. to sb.＝whisper to sb. sth. [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The Colonel bowed his head and ________ (whisper) a prayer of Thanksgiving. ②He waited for his mother ________ (whisper) something about how they might need to find another restaurant, but she said nothing. ③I heard them ________ (whisper), but I pretended not to hear them. ④Mike whispered ________ me that he made a new discovery. ⑤“I was to star in a film，” she whispered ________ my ear. ⑥It ________ (whisper) that he shouldn't serve as an experiment volunteer although he is eager to learn science. ⑦“Where are you going？” he asked ________ a whisper. ⑧They spoke in ________ (whisper) for fear that they should be heard. 完成句子 ⑨________________ (据私下传闻) he is heavily in debt. 8)merry adj.快乐的 merrily adv.高兴地，愉快地；自顾自地，毫无顾忌地) (教材原句)Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐。 a merry dance 欢乐的舞蹈 a merry smile 愉快的微笑 a merry laughter 欢乐的笑声 live a merry life 过着愉快的生活 wish sb. a merry Christmas 祝某人圣诞快乐 the more the merrier (东西)多多益善；(人)越多越热闹 ❶Merry Christmas to you！祝你圣诞快乐！ ❷There is a merry smile on her face.她脸上露出愉快的微笑。 ❸He is in a very merry mood today.他今天心情极为愉快。 ❹The young men were chatting merrily among themselves. 年轻人彼此间在愉快地闲谈。 ❺They sang and danced merrily and had a merry Christmas. 他们欢快地唱歌跳舞，度过了一个欢乐的圣诞节。 [语境助记] A merry little bird was singing on a tree, but nothing more. 一只快乐的小鸟在一棵树上歌唱，仅此而已。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①My wife and I would like to wish you ________ merry Christmas. ②When it grew dark, a number of coloured lamps were lit, and the sailors danced ________ (merry) on the deck. 完成句子 ③It was said that during that time every family in that village was ________________ (过着快乐的生活). 9)wave vi.& vt.挥手；招手 n．挥手；波浪) (教材原句)“Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just waved.“到外面来，奶奶，”我叫她，但她只是挥了挥手。 (1)vi.& vt.挥手，招手；挥手示意 vt.挥舞，挥动 vi.飘扬，起伏 wave a hand towards/at... 向……挥手 wave at/to/towards sb. 向某人挥手/招手 wave goodbye to sb. (＝wave sb.goodbye) 向某人挥手道别 wave sb. off 挥手送别 wave sth. aside/away... 对……置之不理 wave sb./sth. through 挥手让……通过 (2)n.海浪，波浪，波涛；挥手，挥臂，招手；汹涌的行动(或思想)态势，心潮，风潮；波 give sb. a wave 向某人挥手 radio/sound waves 无线电波/声波 a wave of fear 一阵恐惧 ❶The people on the bus waved and we waved back. 公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。 ❷My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye. 我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。 ❸“He's over there，” said Ali, waving a hand towards/at some trees.“他在那儿。”阿里说着朝几棵树挥了挥手。 ❹I showed my pass to the security guard and he waved me through. 我向保安出示了通行证，他挥手让我通过。 ❺Why did you wave at/to/towards him? 你为什么向他挥手？ ❻The expert came into the hall, waving his hand to greet us. 那位专家走进大厅，向我们挥手致意。 ❼Huge waves were breaking on the shore.巨浪拍打着海岸。 ❽She declined the offer with a wave of her hand. 她摆了摆手谢绝了这一提议。 ❾He gave us a wave as the bus drove off. 公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①I waved ________ him from the window but he didn't see me. ②I was ________ (wave) my hand like mad but he never once looked in my direction. ③She was so annoyed that she wouldn't even wave goodbye ________ us. ④Hospital workers were outside to welcome him, ________ (wave) flags and smiling at him. ⑤He kept on ________ (wave) at them until they were out of sight. ⑥As soon as we showed our papers as reporters, the policeman ________ (wave) us in. ⑦________ wave of sympathy for her swept Ireland. ⑧In particular, the teacher explained all sorts of ________ (wave) of light and sound to me. ⑨The country was swept by a wave ________ protest. ⑩He would always turn and give us ________ wave at the end of the street. 10)affair n．事件；事情；公共事务，政治事务；[pl.]私人业务) (教材原句)Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affair. 午餐晚了，但这是一件既欢闹又令人兴奋的大事。 current affairs 时事 financial affairs 财务 affairs of state 国事 private affairs 私事 national/international affairs 国家/国际事务 world/international/foreign affairs 世界/国际/外交事务 an expert on foreign affairs 外事专家 ❶The newspapers reported the whole affair wildly. 报纸对整个事件作了疯狂的报道。 ❷I looked after my father's financial affairs.我照管父亲的财务。 [比较] affair和business 在作“事务”讲时，这两个词的意义很接近，常可通用。例如： Mind your own affairs (business).少管闲事。 It's a sorry affair (business).事情(或东西)很糟糕。 Each Ministry of Foreign Affairs lodged a protest with the other.双方外交部对对方外交部提了抗议。(不能用business；同样international affairs国际事务，不能说international business) Let's get down to business.让我们谈正事吧！ Business before pleasure.先办正事，再谈娱乐。(正事比娱乐要紧)(在做“正事”讲，与“娱乐”、“消遣”对比时，应说business，不能说affair) [注意] (1)Business不能用复数，而affair特别指重大或头绪较多的事务时，常需要用复数。在下面的句子里，这两个词不通用。 (2)Business作“行业”讲时，不能用affair代替，如： He is in the wine business.他经营酒业。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①She organises her work ________ (affair) very quickly. ②She wanted the celebration to be ________ simple family affair. 完成句子 ③In a brief statement, he concentrated entirely on ________ (国际事务). ►第二版块|重要短语讲解 1)move in搬来(和某人)一起居住；搬进新居(不及物动词短语)) (教材原句)That was also the day Granny moved in. 那天也是奶奶搬进来的日子。 move into 搬进新居(及物动词短语) move out 搬出去 move off 启动；离开 move on (to sth.) 开始做(别的事)；换话题；继续前行 move about 四处走动 move over (为让出地方)挪到那头(那边)；让位 move up ①向上/向前移动；让位子；②晋升；(被)提升；③(使)开赴前线/战场 ❶Her house was in perfect order when she moved in. 她搬进来时，屋子里井井有条。 ❷The place needed a good spring clean before we could move in. 那地方得来个大扫除，然后我们才能搬进去。 ❸When are you moving in？你什么时候搬新家？ ❹Having done many years of school teaching, I felt that it was time to move on into college or university work. 我在中学教学已有多年，感到该调到学院或大学去干工作了。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Now that we have decorated the house, we can move ________． ②The idea of having to sell their home and move ________ a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. ③The noise around this house had become too much to tolerate and he decided to move ________． ④For some reason, he chose to move ________ this stage. ⑤Can you move on ________ another subject？ 2)over and over再三地，重复地) think the matter over and over 再三考虑这件事 “重复地，再三地”的多种表达法：time and time again/time and again/over and over again/again and again/time after time ❶The journalists asked her the same question over and over. 记者们反复地问她同一个问题。 ❷I lay awake all night, turning the problem over and over in my mind.我一夜没睡着，反复思索这个问题。 ❸I've told you over and over again not to do that. 我一再跟你讲不要再那么做。 [特别提醒] over and over与over and over again意思一样，只不过over and over again语气更强烈一些。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①This happened over ________ over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs (苍耳子). ②You'll need to practise the specific skills again and ________． ③They inquired about the matter time ________ again. ④You will get a perfect result time ________ time if you follow these directions. 3)pass away去世；消失) (教材原句)A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed away.圣诞节后的几个星期，奶奶去世了。 pass by 路过，经过(……旁边) pass...on to... 把……传递给…… pass out 失去知觉 pass off (以某种方式)发生并完成 pass sb. off as... 把某人改变或冒充为…… pass sth. down 使世代相传；流传下去 pass up 放弃，不要(机会等) ❶She's terribly upset because her father passed away last week. 她非常难过，因为她父亲上周去世了。 ❷It was the first time that I found life could so easily pass away. 那是我第一次发现原来生命可以这样容易地逝去。 ❸Spring comes after the cold winter. Winter will pass away to welcome the sunshine in spring. 春天到来之前是严冬，但严冬一定会过去，迎来阳光明媚的春天。 ❹If there is a new illness, some animals may survive and pass on the ability entirely to resist that disease to the next generation. 如果有某种新的疾病，一些动物可能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力完全传给下一代。 [说明] 人们常用“离别了”(to depart), “离开了我们”(to leave us)等委婉说法来替代说某人“死了”(to die)。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The famous expert passed ________ at the age of ninety. ②Mrs Sesemann had noticed the child's unhappiness, but let a few days pass ________， hoping for a change. ③The girl passed herself ________ as a wellknown film star. ④The tradition has been passed ________ from generation to generation. ⑤I am grateful for the knowledge they all passed on ________ me. 4)no longer不再(＝not...any longer)) (教材原句)Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longer believed in Father Christmas.几年前我不再相信圣诞老人的存在时，妈妈就把信还给了我。 ❶This type of behaviour is no longer socially acceptable. 这种行为在社交中已不再合适。 ❷I'm not standing for it any longer.这种事我再也不能容忍了。 [区分] no longer和no more (1)no longer中的longer是long的比较级，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为“不再”。no longer等于not...any longer。 Annie no longer lives here.安妮不再住在这儿了。 (2)no more中的more是many/much的比较级， more有again之意， no more着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为“再也没有更多(大)的数量(程度)”。no more等于not...any more。 Not wishing to annoy her further, he said no more.他不愿惹她更生气，便不再说话。 Now she wasn't afraid any more.现在她再也不害怕了。 (3)no longer通常放在行为动词前， be动词的后面； no more通常置于行为动词之后。 She is no longer a music lover.她不再是一个音乐爱好者了。 Time or opportunity lost will return no more.机不可失，时不再来。 (4)两者都可用来修饰动词，在句中作状语。当no more作“不再有，不再存在”时，还可作定语和宾语。 I have no more (things) to say.我没有什么要说的(事情)了。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①But opponents are no ________ (long) willing to wait. ②Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were ________ longer able to care for themselves very well. ③At that second beating, Pinocchio became very quiet and said no ________ (much). ④He tried it; but in the darkness the distant echoes sounded so terrible that he didn't try it ________ more. 完成句子 ⑤Later when they are far away from the earth and there is ________________ (不再有地球引力) they find they are unable to stay in one place. ⑥I finally came to know that I could ________________________ (不能再忽视这个事实) that he was deeply unhappy. 5)believe in相信(某人)；相信……是好的/真的) believe in yourself 相信自己 believe it or not 信不信由你 believe sb. to be 相信某人是…… Sb. is believed to be... 某人被认为是…… It is believed that...(＝People believe that...) 人们相信/认为…… ❶I believe in you, so I believe what you said. After all, it's you who give me so much inspiration. 我信任你，因此我相信你说的话。毕竟，是你给了我如此多的灵感。 ❷He believed in the children being taught through the translation method.他认为确有孩子在接受那种翻译法的教学。 ❸Some of his supporters have stopped believing in him. 他的一些支持者都不再信任他了。 ❹He believes in taking plenty of exercise. 他相信要做足量的锻炼。 [比较] believe in与believe believe in...表示因可靠、有某种能力、品德高尚等原因而“相信，信任”某人或某种理论等，属于总的评价；而动词believe只表示相信某人所说的话，并不涉及对其总的评价。如： I believe him.我相信他。(他说的话) I believe in him.我信任他。(不仅是相信他说的话) [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①________ is believed that taking exercise regularly can strengthen our immune system. 完成句子 ②In a job interview, you should let the employer know that you ____________________ (很自信) and that you know your ________________ (强项与弱点). ③The film ________________ (被认为) instructive and full of emotion. (6)catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 keep an eye on 照看，照料 keep one's eyes on 注视；关注 keep an eye open/out (for) 密切注意，提防 have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力 in one's eyes 在某人眼里，依某人看 close/shut one's eyes to 对……视而不见 look sb. in the eye 直视某人 ❶I remember catching her eye through the window. 我记得当时从窗户里看到她的眼睛。 ❷A sudden movement caught my eye. 一个突然的动作引起了我的注意。 ❸I tried to catch the waiter's eye, so we could order. 我试图引起服务员的注意，这样我们就可以点菜了。 ❹It was the unusual colour of his jacket that caught my eye. 是他夹克不寻常的颜色引起了我的注意。 ❺A postcard, a present from my grandfather, would likely catch one's eye.一张明信片，来自我祖父的礼物，可能会引起某人的注意。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Jenna caught her ________ (father) eye and they winked at each other secretly. ②He stood still, keeping his eyes ________ the flowers in the garden. ③The lady walked around the shop, keeping an eye out ________ bargains. ④The woman has an eye ________ a bargain, so she often buys better items with less money. ⑤We should not close our eyes ________ the current situation of waste on campus. ⑥He looked her ________ the eye and didn't say a word. 7)come to mind (突然)想起来；浮现在脑海中) (教材原句)When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，脑海中浮现的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 (1)come to 总计，达到(某一总数或某种状态/状况) come to life 活跃起来；苏醒过来 come to oneself 苏醒过来 come to light 被发现；被知晓 come to sb. 来到某人面前；某人想起 come to one's mind 某人想起；浮现在某人脑海 (2)When it comes to... 当谈到…… When it comes to getting things done, he's useless. 一谈到做事，他便不中用了。 ❶As I was arranging the details, another poem came to mind. 在我安排这些细节时，另外一首诗浮现在脑海中。 ❷Although I know it well, the name just won't come to mind. 尽管我对它很熟识，但就是记不起名字来了。 ❸The moment the champion appeared on the stage, the hall came to life.冠军一出现在舞台上，大厅就活跃起来。 [即学即练] 完成句子 ①How much does the bill ________________ (总计/总共). ②After much talk we ________________ (达成) an agreement. ③At last the name of the book __________________ (出现在我的脑海). ④________________ (谈到) music, James is an expert. ⑤When discussing influential artists, three names immediately ______________ (出现在脑海中). ⑥The dull play really ________________ (变得生动有趣) in the performance by these young people. ►第三版块|疑难句型剖析 1)强调句型) (教材原句)．..it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.……我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 句式分析 本句为强调句型，强调句子主语not just gifts and Father Christmas。 (1)基本结构： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。强调的是人时，连接词也可以用who。 ❶It was at the class meeting yesterday that we elected him monitor. 我们是在昨天的班会上选他当班长的。 ❷It was him that/who we elected monitor at the class meeting yesterday.昨天班会上我们选的他当班长。 (2)句式变化： 一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？ ❸Is it Peter that is to take part in the city sports meeting? 是彼得要参加市运动会吗？ ❹Where was it that the 29th Summer Olympic Games took place? 第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？ ❺Who was it that broke out the window？是谁把窗户打破的？ ❻What is it that you want me to do？你想让我做的是什么？ ❼How was it that you succeed？你是怎么成功的？ ❽Why is it that smoking isn't allowed here？为什么这里不允许吸烟？ (3)not...until...句型的强调句句型： It is/was＋not until...＋that＋其他．。 ❾It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到接近信的结尾处，她才提到自己的计划。 (4)判断依据：将句中的“It is/was...that...”结构去掉，若句子依然完整则为强调句，否则就不是强调句。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) It was at 5 o'clock that he got up yesterday. 昨天他是五点钟起床的。(强调句) eq \o(○,\s\up1(11)) It was 5 o'clock when he got up yesterday. 昨天他起床时是五点钟。(时间状语从句) (5)谓语动词：强调主语时根据主语判断谓语动词的形式。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(12)) It is you that are wrong.是你错了。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(13)) It is I who am answering the question.是我在回答这个问题。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①It was the sense of failure ________ made him decide to succeed in his new life. ②You are waiting at a wrong place. ________ is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists. ③Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognised. ④It was Susan ________ I came across yesterday in the studio. ⑤It was in 1921 ________ our Party was founded. ⑥It was 1921 ________ our Party was founded. ⑦It was on the farm ________ we practised planting crops. ⑧It was the farm ________ we learned a lot. ⑨It is a wonder ________ the wounded soldier is still alive. ⑩It was not until they had finished the project ________ they returned home. ⑪Was it in the library ________ he often went to do some reading ________ he met the pretty girl? ⑫It is watching TV every day that ________ (be) making her eyesight fail. ⑬It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—________ he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane！ 2)定语从句中关系代词的省略) (教材原句)I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us.我仍记得奶奶和我们一起度过的最后一个圣诞节。 句式分析 定语从句中的关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that和as。在以下情况中，关系代词可以省略： (1)当who, whom, which, that在限制性定语从句中作动词的宾语或作位于从句句末的介词的宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 (2)关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。 ❶I will never forget the editor (who/whom/that) I met yesterday. 我永远忘不了昨天遇见的那位编辑。 ❷The holiday (that/which) we are all looking forward to is coming soon.我们都期待的那个假期很快就要来了。 ❸China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。 ❹Books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot. 书是知识的源泉，我从中受益良多。 [易错警示] 若关系代词直接放在介词后作宾语，则关系代词不可以省略。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The man with ________ I shook hands is a famous writer. ②The city ________ you live in is beautiful. ③The book ________ you lent to me is interesting. ④Zhang Hua is the only one of the pupils ________ gets full marks. ⑤We should treasure the days ________ we spent together with our parents. 3)Sb. be excited/worried/disappointed...＋that从句．) (教材原句)I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way. 我对圣诞节的到来太兴奋了。 be＋情绪类形容词 eq \b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(surprised,worried,excited,disappointed)) ＋介词(at/with/about)＋sb./sth. be＋情绪类形容词＋that从句 ❶The children were excited about opening their presents. 孩子们对拆礼物感到兴奋不已。 ❷The mother is worried that her son gets hurt. 这位母亲担心她儿子受伤。 ❸I'm happy that my 80yearold grandma has learned how to download things from the Internet. 我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了如何从网上下载东西。 ❹We are all disappointed that he gave up the competition. 他放弃了比赛，我们都很失望。 [特别提醒] 在上面的句子结构中，情绪类形容词后的介词短语或从句，往往表示造成某种情绪的原因。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①We're all pleased ________ we have once again overcome the difficulty. ②The teacher was worried ________ her daughter could not pass the final exam. ③We are all concerned ________ his safety. ④I'm very satisfied ________ her progress in studying English. ⑤We feel ashamed ________ his mistake. 4)whenever引导时间状语从句) (教材原句)Now, whenever the writer makes sugar biscuits, her grandma comes to mind.现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她奶奶就浮现在脑海中。 句式分析 whenever引导时间状语从句时，相当于加强语气的when(即相当于every time when)。例： Whenever he comes to Beijing, he never fails to call on me. 他每次来北京都来看我。 在引导让步状语从句时，whever常可以和no matter wh互换。 ❶Whenever you come, you are welcome. 无论你何时来，都欢迎你。(从句可改写为：No matter when you come) ❷I'll be with you wherever you go.无论你走到哪里，我都陪伴着你。(从句可改写为no matter where you go) ❸I'll finish the work however late it is.无论多晚我都得完成这项工作。(从句可改写为no matter how late it is) ❹Whichever side wins, I'll be happy.无论哪一方获胜，我都高兴。 (从句可改写为No matter which side wins) ❺Whoever (No matter who) did it, I didn't. 不管这事是谁干的，反正我没干。 ❻We are determined to fulfil the task, whatever (no matter what) happens.不管出了什么事，我们决心完成任务。 ❼Whichever (No matter which) book you borrow, you must return it in a week.你无论借哪本书，都必须一周内归还。 ❽Whenever (No matter when) you come back, don't wake me up.不管你什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。 ❾He carries a book in his pocket, wherever (no matter where) he goes.他不管去哪里，口袋里都装着一本书。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) However (No matter how) late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈总是等着他一起吃饭。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(11)) Whomever (No matter whom) you invite, I will not go. 我不管你邀请谁，我都不会去。 [相关拓展] whever和no matter wh引导的让步状语从句 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(whenever＝no matter when,wherever＝no matter where,however＝no matter how)) 引导让步状语从句 whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导状语从句也可引导名词性从句。 [注意] whoever, whatever和whichever是连接代词，既可以引导状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句。它们引导状语从句时，可以用no matter who/what/which来代替，引导名词性从句时，只能用whever形式。 试比较： If someone breaks the law, he will be punished, whoever he is． 如果有人犯了法就该受惩罚，不管他是谁。(从句可改为no matter who he is。) Please give the money to whoever needs it most． 请把钱给最需要的人吧。(本句是宾语从句，意为“凡是……的人”，其功能相当于anyone who，所以从句可改写为．..anyone who needs it most。) Whatever difficulty I may meet, I'll never give up. 无论遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃。(whatever此时引导让步状语从句，可改写为no matter what。) Whatever you said is right.你所说的话都是对的。(whatever引导主语从句，意为“凡是……”，语气比what强。) [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①________ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. ②________ tough the problem is, we can solve it with patience. ③Once you have made up your mind, don't give up ________ challenges you will meet with. ④________ I suggest, he always disagree. ⑤The old tower must be saved, ________ the cost is. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The athlete answered all the host's questions with ________ (耐心). 2．The ________ (树枝) of the trees are swaying in the wind. 3．My dad and I spent the night in the guest room in the rural area listening to the frogs and water ________ (滚动) down the river nearby. 4．After drinking some water and having some snacks, he felt ________ (稍微) better. 5．Nicole just ________ (搬) from Hawaii, so we're glad that she's here. Ⅱ.短语填空 in memory of, move on, believe in, lose patience with, over and over, behave oneself, in whispers, catch one's eye 1．My sister volunteered to write an article ____________ those who devoted themselves to the cause of China's revolution. 2．The moment a badly injured bird ____________， we came to help. 3．I really did what I ____________ and did not let myself down. 4．I ____________ him and had no idea how to deal with him. 5．The only way to learn the lines by heart is to say them to yourself ____________， which, of course, occupies time. 6．Tom regularly asked his father to take him to his grandpa's and promised to ____________． 7．The two natives began talking ____________ to avoid others hearing what they were saying. 8．Let's ____________ to the Ocean Park to watch various marine organisms (海洋生物). Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．In our office anyone caught ________ (quit) that project halfway will be punished. 2．The cartoon character spoke rapidly, ________ (wave) his arms about. 3．The bird watchers' ________ (behave) shows that they care only about the names of birds. 4．It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 5．It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors. 6．These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) ________ (slight) lower. 7．After all, Forced Waiting requires ________ (patient). Ⅳ.完成句子 1．He unfortunately ________________ (去世) last year. 2．Such kind of school breaks away from the traditional methods of teaching, so it ________________ (吸引学生们的注意). 3．At last, I will be living independently, but I still want to have my parents to turn to __________________________ (任何我需要帮助的时候). 4．She, with expectant expression on her face, asked Ann if she could ________________ (照看一下) the dog. 5．Thus, its boxoffice income will probably enjoy ________________ (略有增长). 6．The expert, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, ________________ (低声表示支持). 7．The president ________________ (向……挥手) the crowd from the steps of the plane. 8．When an attractive beauty reads poems ________________ (为了纪念) the poet, everyone holds their breath. Ⅴ.单句写作 1．他们挥手再见，并期盼着早日团聚。(wave goodbye, look forward to) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．这位老师给出了如何教导孩子举止得体的建议。(tip, behave oneself) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．我们青少年应该对未知的事物多一点耐心。(teenagers, ought to, have patience with) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4．换句话说，这些孩子们是通过反复倾听童话故事来获取知识的。(in other words, over and over) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5．重要的不是你怎么说而是你怎么做。(matter, rather than, it is＋被强调成分＋that＋句子其他成分) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6．无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈总是等着他一起吃饭。(however/no matter, have dinner) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Section D Lesson 3 Memories of Christmas Ⅰ.基础词汇 1．________________ vi.& vt. 低声说，低语 n. 耳语，低语 2．________________ vt. 使成筒形(球形) n.一卷；面包卷 3．________________ vi.& vt. 挥手；招手 n.挥手；波浪 4．________________ vi.& vt. 吞下，咽下 n.咽，吞；(鸟)燕子 5．________________ vt. 给……填馅；填，塞 6．________________ n. 树枝 7．________________ n. 盘；碟 8．________________ n. 信封 9．________________ n. 地极，北/南极 10．________________ n. 事件 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．memory n．记忆，回忆→________ adj.难忘的；值得纪念的 2．slight adj.略微的→________ adv.略微，稍微 3．frost n．严寒天气；霜冻→________ adj.严寒的 4．patient adj.有耐心的 n．病人→________ n．耐心；耐力 5．behave v．表现；表现得体→________ n．行为，举止 6．merry adj.快乐的→________ adv.快乐地 7．ball n．球；球形的东西；舞会→________ n．芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演→________ n．(氢)气球 v．(使)鼓起；(使)激增 8．stock n．储存品；存货；(树)干，(灌木的)主干 vt.储存→________ n．长筒袜 9．wed vt.嫁给；娶；结婚→________ n．婚礼；结婚庆典 Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译) (A) 写出下列短语的汉意 1．such a memorable Christmas ________________ 2．on a cold, windy day ________________ 3．be a mess ________________ 4．move in ________________ 5．make an effort ________________ 6．Merry Christmas. ________________ 7．Happy New Year. ________________ 8．make a snowman ________________ 9．a music box with a ballet dancer inside ________________ 10．catch sb.'s eye ________________ (B) 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语 1．________________ 再三地，重复地 2．________________ 就座 3．________________ 竖起，搭起 4．________________ 睡着 5．________________ 尽量表现得体 6．________________ 戴上，穿上 7．________________ 掉落 8．________________ 去世 9．________________ 不再 10．________________ 相信……的存在 11．________________ 想起 Ⅰ.课文思维导图 Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 1．What does the word “it” in “...maybe she hid it too well...” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Christmas Day. B.White hair. C.Windy day. D.Being ill. 2．What did Granny do before Christmas Day? A.She helped the writer write to Father Christmas. B.She prepared lights, cards and snowmen for the writer. C.She bought various delicious food for the family. D.She taught the writer Christmas songs. 3．What gift did the writer get on Christmas Day? A.A Christmas tree. B.New stockings. C.Some treasures. D.A music box. 4．Why does the writer always make a Gshape biscuit? A.To show her talent. B.To honour her granny. C.To show she is a responsible person. D.To advertise her special biscuit. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 It was a 1.________ (wind) November day when Granny came. Somehow, I didn't know she was sick. She spent most of her time on the sofa by the fire. 2.________ I wrote a letter to Father Christmas, Granny tried to help me. In December, 3.________ (we) excitement grew each day. Granny and I made sugar biscuits and we sang Christmas songs. 4.________ Christmas Eve, we put a stocking at the end of my bed. I remember Granny 5.________ (sit) on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep. My stocking was full of gifts the next morning, and there were 6.________ (present) under the tree. I was on my best 7.________ (behave) as we opened the presents. Later, Granny called me over. “I have something special for you，” she 8.________ (whisper). Before long she passed away. I think of her often though, 9.________ (especial) at Christmas. Now I'm the one 10.________ makes sugar biscuits each year, and I always make one in a Gshape—G for Granny. [词汇注释] ①be a mess乱成一团 ②move in搬来(和某人)一起居住 ③somehow/'sʌmhaʊ/adv. 不知怎的；不知为什么 ④on the way即将到来 ⑤make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 ⑥slightly/'slaItli/adv.略微，稍微 ⑦shaky adj.颤抖的 ⑧pole/pəʊl/n.地极，北/南极 ※the North Pole北极 ⑨envelope/'envələʊp/n.信封 ⑩stuff/stʌf/vt.给……填馅；填，塞 ※stuff the turkey给火鸡填馅 ⑪lap/læp/n.大腿部 ※sit on one's lap坐在某人的大腿上 ⑫frosty/'frɒsti/adj.严寒的 ⑬patience/'peIʃəns/n.耐心；耐力 ※have the patience to do sth.耐心地做某事 ⑭over and over再三地，重复地 ⑮eve/iːv/n.前夕；前一天 ※on Christmas Eve在圣诞节前夕 ⑯take a seat就座 ⑰by the fire在炉火旁 ⑱put up the Christmas tree立起圣诞树 ⑲hang vt.(hung, hung) 悬挂 ⑳branch/brɑːntʃ/n.树枝 [教材原文] I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us.[1] It began in the middle of November on a cold, windy day. I remember the wind because Granny's grey hair was a mess① when she arrived. That was also the day Granny moved in②. Somehow③， at the time, I didn't know she was sick. Maybe I was too young, maybe she hid it too well, or maybe I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way④. [1]省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰the last Christmas。 After Granny moved in, she spent most of her time on the brown sofa by the fire. Sometimes she was quiet, but she seemed happy. When I wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about the presents I wanted, Granny made an effort to⑤ help me. Her hand was slightly⑥ shaky⑦， but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole⑧” on the envelope⑨. In December, our excitement grew each day—lights appeared in the streets, Christmas cards arrived, and there was snow everywhere. Granny and I made sugar biscuits, stuffed⑩ the turkey and then I sat on my granny's lap⑪ and we sang Christmas songs. My favourite song was Frosty⑫ the Snowman and I loved the bit that went “Thumpetythumpthump , thumpetythumpthump, look at Frosty go！”[2] Granny had the patience⑬ to sing it over and over⑭ again. [2]that引导定语从句，修饰the bit, that在从句中作主语。 On Christmas Eve⑮， Granny took a seat⑯ by the fire⑰ as we put up the Christmas tree⑱. I hung⑲ most of the decorations on the branches⑳. “That's the most beautiful tree I've ever seen [3]，” Granny said. [3]定语从句修饰tree，省略了在从句中作宾语的关系代词that。 [汉语译文] 我仍记得奶奶和我们一起度过的最后一个圣诞节。十一月中旬，寒冷多风的日子就来了。我记得那天的风，因为奶奶到达时她的灰头发乱作一团。那天也是奶奶搬进来的日子。不知为什么，那个时候我并未发现她病了。或许是因为我太小了，或许是她隐藏得太好了，或者可能是我对圣诞节的到来太兴奋了。 奶奶搬过来以后，大多数时间都待在炉火旁棕色的沙发上。有时她很安静，但她看起来很高兴。当我写信给圣诞老人，告诉他我想要的礼物时，奶奶尽力帮助我。她的手有点发抖，但她在信封上写上了“圣诞老人，北极”。 十二月，我们的兴奋感与日俱增——街道上灯火通明，圣诞贺卡来了，到处都是雪。奶奶和我做了糖饼干，填了火鸡，然后我坐在奶奶的腿上，我们一起唱圣诞歌。我最喜欢的歌是《雪人(雪孩子)》，我喜欢那伴随着“砰砰砰，砰砰砰砰，看弗罗斯蒂走！”的节拍。奶奶耐心地一遍又一遍地唱。 在平安夜，奶奶靠着炉火坐着，我们把圣诞树立起来。我把大部分装饰都挂在树枝上。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(21)) fill...with...用……装满…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(22)) plate/pleIt/n.盘；碟 ※a plate of一盘/碟…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(23)) leave...out把……留在外面 eq \o(○,\s\up1(24)) stocking/'stɒkIŋ/n.长筒袜 eq \o(○,\s\up1(25)) remember sb. doing sth.记得某人做过某事 ※remember to do sth.记得要做某事 eq \o(○,\s\up1(26)) fall asleep睡着 eq \o(○,\s\up1(27)) be full of装满…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(28)) behaviour/bI'heIvjə/n.行为，举止 ※on one's best behaviour尽可能好地表现 eq \o(○,\s\up1(29)) call sb. over呼唤某人；召唤某人 eq \o(○,\s\up1(30)) something special特别的东西 ※形容词修饰复合不定代词时要放在复合不定代词的后面。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(31)) whisper/'wIspə/vi.& vt.低声说，低语 eq \o(○,\s\up1(32)) merry/'meri/adj.快乐的 ※Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(33)) ballet/'bæleI/n.芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演 eq \o(○,\s\up1(34)) roll/rəʊl/vt.使成筒形(球形)n.一卷；面包卷 eq \o(○,\s\up1(35)) catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 eq \o(○,\s\up1(36)) wave/weIv/vi.& vt.挥手；招手 ※wave to/at朝……挥手 eq \o(○,\s\up1(37)) affair/ə'feə/n.事件 eq \o(○,\s\up1(38)) put on戴上；穿上 eq \o(○,\s\up1(39)) followed by然后，接着是，跟随 eq \o(○,\s\up1(40)) swallow/'swɒləʊ/vi.& vt.吞下，咽下 eq \o(○,\s\up1(41)) the rest剩下的，余下的 eq \o(○,\s\up1(42)) fall off掉下来 eq \o(○,\s\up1(43)) pass away去世 ※die的委婉说法。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(44)) no longer 不再 ※no longer＝not...any longer eq \o(○,\s\up1(45)) believe in相信……的存在 eq \o(○,\s\up1(46)) come to mind记起；想到 eq \o(○,\s\up1(47)) memory/'meməri/n. 记忆，回忆, Then she started singing, “Oh, Christmas tree, oh, Christmas tree, you fill my heart withB21 music...” Before bed, Granny and I left a plateB22 of sugar biscuits outB23 for Father Christmas, and put a stockingB24 at the end of my bed. I remember Granny sittingB25 on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleepB26. My stocking was full ofB27 small toys and sweets on Christmas morning, and there were presents under the tree. I was on my best behaviourB28 as we opened the presents. Later, Granny called me overB29. “I have something specialB30 for you，” Granny whisperedB31. “It's for all your treasures. MerryB32 Christmas.” It was a music box with a balletB33 dancer inside [4]. [4]with的复合结构(with＋名词＋adv.)作定语，修饰box。 After breakfast, Auntie Kath and my cousin David arrived. While Mum, Dad and Auntie Kath got lunch ready, David and I played outside. We raced around the garden and rolledB34 a big snowball to make a lovely snowman. Granny stayed inside by the fire. I remember catching her eyeB35 through the window. “Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just wavedB36. Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affairB37. We put onB38 silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, followed byB39 Christmas pudding. David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallowB40. “How's the pudding？” Granny asked. “Mmmph, mmmph, mmmph，” said David. Auntie Kath didn't think it was funny, but the restB41 of us did. Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell offB42. A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed awayB43. I think of her often though [5], especially at Christmas. Each year, I take out the music box she gave me [6]. Inside I keep Granny's paper hat and the letter she helped me write that Christmas. Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longerB44 believed inB45 Father Christmas. When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mindB46. It's also my memoryB47 of Granny. Now I'm the one who makes sugar biscuits each year [7], and I always make one in a Gshape—G for Granny. [5]though是副词作状语，意为“然而，可是”，常用于句末，但不能位于句首。 [6]省略that/which的定语从句，修饰the music box。 [7]who(此处可用that替代)引导定语从句，修饰the one。 “那是我见过的最漂亮的树，”奶奶说。 然后她开始唱，“哦，圣诞树，哦，圣诞树，你用音乐填满我内心……” 睡觉前，奶奶和我为圣诞老人准备了一盘糖饼干，并在床头放了一只长袜。我记得奶奶坐在我的床上，轻声唱歌直到我睡着。 圣诞节早上，我的袜子里装满了小玩具和糖果，而且树下有礼物。拆礼物时，我表现得特别好。后来，奶奶叫我过来。 “我有一个特别的东西给你，”奶奶低声说。“为了保存你所有的财富。圣诞快乐。” 那是一个音乐盒，里面有个芭蕾舞演员。 早饭后，凯丝姑妈和我的堂弟大卫来了。当妈妈、爸爸和凯丝姑妈准备午饭时，我和大卫在外面玩。我们在花园里跑来跑去，滚了一个大雪球，做了一个可爱的雪人。奶奶待在炉火旁。我记得当时从窗户里看到她的眼睛。 “到外面来，奶奶，”我叫她，但她只是挥了挥手。 午餐晚了，但这是一件既欢闹又令人兴奋的大事。我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃塞有土豆的大火鸡，随后又吃圣诞布丁。大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。 “布丁怎么样？”奶奶问。 “唔，唔，唔，”大卫说。 凯丝姑妈不觉得有趣，但我们其他人都觉得有趣。奶奶开怀大笑，她的纸帽子掉了下来。 圣诞节后的几个星期，奶奶去世了。不过我经常想起她，尤其是在圣诞节。每年，我都会拿出她给我的音乐盒。我把奶奶的纸帽子和她帮我写的那封圣诞信放在里面。几年前我不再相信有圣诞老人时，妈妈就把信还给了我。当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人，还有我对奶奶的回忆。现在的我每年都做糖饼干，我总是做一个G形的糖饼干——G代表奶奶。 ►第一版块|重点单词诠释 1)memory n．[C]记忆，回忆；[C，U]记忆力，记性 memorise vt.记忆，记住) (教材原句)MEMORIES OF CHRISTMAS圣诞节的回忆 have a good/bad memory (for...) (对……)记忆力好/差 in memory of sb. 为了纪念某人 to the memory of 为了纪念…… from memory 凭记忆 lose one's memory 失去记忆 memories of childhood＝childhood memories 童年的回忆 ❶I have vivid memories of my grandparents. 我依然清楚地记得我的祖父母。 ❷She set up an education fund in memory of her mother (＝in her mother's memory). 她为了纪念母亲而设立了一个教育基金。 ❸I have a bad memory for names.我不善于记名字。 ❹She can recite the whole poem from memory.她能背诵全诗。 ❺He suffered loss of memory for weeks after the accident. 事故之后他有几个星期失去记忆。 ❻If a teacher wrote something on the blackboard that had to be memorised, I'd memorise it then and there. 如果老师在黑板上面写下一些必须要记住的话，我会当堂记下。 [拓展] memorial adj.悼念的，纪念的 n．纪念物，纪念碑 memorial表示“为某人所立的纪念碑”时通常接介词to；表示“为悼念某人而写的文章”时通常接介词of；表示“在纪念仪式上”时，其前通常用介词at。 memorial hall纪念堂，纪念馆 Memorial Day n．(美国)阵亡将士纪念日(通常为五月底) memorial service追悼会，追思礼拜 Lincoln Memorial林肯纪念堂 Memorial Park陵园；公墓 war memorial n．战争纪念碑 Chairman Mao memorial hall毛主席纪念堂 memorial tablet牌位 memorial meeting追悼会；纪念会 Memorial arch牌坊,[相关链接] in honour of为了向……表示敬意；为纪念…… in celebration of庆祝；为了庆祝 in favour of支持，赞同 in praise of歌颂 [比较] memorise和remember memorise...＝learn...by heart记住/熟记…… remember...想得起，记得 Do you remember me？你还记得我吗？ [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①He drew a picture of the thief ________ memory. ②She has an excellent memory ________ names, which helps her quite a lot in her work. ③________ memory of the late musician, he built this music studio. ④The Dragon Boat Festival is in ________ (memorise) of a Chinese poet, Qu Yuan. ⑤Kids jumped into a fishing port in ________ (celebrate) of the start of the island's Lantern Festival. ⑥He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour ________ the plan. ⑦She wrote poems in praise ________ the harmony between man and nature. ⑧Of course you have to learn a lot. And you have to ________ (memory) a lot of characters. 2)somehow adv.不知怎的，不知为什么；莫名其妙地) (教材原句)Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick. 不知为什么，那个时候我并未发现她病了。 somehow or other 想方设法；不知什么原因 ❶Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him. 不知为什么，我觉得不能信任他。 ❷She looked different somehow.不知怎的，她看上去变了。 ❸I know what we're doing is legal, but somehow it doesn't feel right.我知道我们这样做是合法的，但不知为何我觉得不对。 ❹Somehow or other, the baby burst into tears. 那个婴儿不知为什么大哭起来。 [比较] somehow/anyhow/somewhat ·somehow“由于某种未知的原因”或“不管怎样”。 ·anyhow“无论如何；即使这样”，相当于anyway。 ·somewhat意为“稍微，有点，有几分”，说明程度相当于a little, rather，它只能修饰形容词或副词。 Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door.不知怎么地，半夜里我听到大门外面有些奇怪的声音。 The water was cold but I took a shower anyway． 水很冷，不过我还是冲了个淋浴。 Anyway, let's forget about that for the moment. 咱们无论如何暂时不要再提这件事。 He walked away somewhat hastily. 他颇为匆忙地走了。 [拓展] anyhow (＝anyway)不管怎样；无论如何 He told me not to make such a fortune, but I did anyhow/anyway． 他告诉我不要发这笔财，但不管怎样，我还是做了。 [即学即练] 选词填空：somehow/anyhow/anyway ①________ he tells these stories without a note of horror. ②________ we lost our way in the forest. ③What a terrible experience! ________， you're safe now—that's the main thing. ④I am afraid we can't come, but thanks for your invitation ________． 单句语法填空 ⑤Somehow ________ other, Tom and his deskmate seemed to be always quarrelling. 3)slightly adv.略微，稍微) (教材原句)Her hand was slightly shaky, but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope.她的手有点发抖，但她在信封上写上了“圣诞老人，北极”。 (1)slightly upset/worried 有点难过/有点担心 a slightly different version 略有不同的版本 be slightly injured 受了轻伤 a slightly built person 身材瘦小的人 a slightly different colour 略微不同的一种颜色 slightly better/higher/lower/larger 稍好/高/低/大 know sb. slightly 对某人略有所知 (2)a slight chance 可能性不大 a slight increase/change/difference 略微的增长/变化/差异 not the slightest chance/doubt/difference 没有一点儿机会/怀疑/差别 not in the slightest (口语)毫不，一点也不 ❶His family then moved to a slightly larger house. 他家后来搬到了一座稍微大一点儿的房子。 ❷Each person learns in a slightly different way. 每个人学习的方式都略有不同。 ❸I woke up with a slight headache.我醒来时有点头痛。 ❹The damage was slight.损失很小。 ❺That doesn't interest me in the slightest. 那事儿一点也勾不起我的兴趣。 [拓展] slight adj.轻微的，略微的；细小的，纤细的，瘦小的；无须重视的，不足道的 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①That much carbon is ________ (slight) larger than the total amount put out by that country. ②It was fortunate for him to only get ________ (slight) injured in the car accident. ③He doesn't want to go out ________ the slightest at weekends, let alone on workdays. ④The girl was smaller and ________ (slight) than I had imagined. ⑤A wise mother never exposes her children to the ________ (slight) possibility of danger. ⑥I have to say it doesn't bother me in ________ slightest. As you know, I am willing to help you. 4)patience n．耐心；耐力；毅力；坚忍，恒心 impatience n．不耐烦) (教材原句)Granny had the patience to sing it over and over again.奶奶耐心地一遍又一遍地唱。 with patience (＝patiently) 耐心地 lose/run out of patience (with...) (对……)失去耐心 have no/little patience with... 不能容忍……；对……没耐心 have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事 be out of patience with... 对……失去耐心 ❶The expert explained the case to us with patience. 专家耐心地向我们解释了情况。 ❷People have lost patience with the slow pace of reform. 人们对改革的缓慢速度已失去耐性。 ❸My patience is wearing thin.我要忍耐不住了。 ❹I have run out of patience with her.我对她已失去耐性。 ❺She has little patience with such views.她很难接受这类观点。 [拓展] (1)patient adj.有耐心的，能忍耐的 n．病人 be patient with对……有耐心 She's very patient with young children.她对幼儿特别有耐心。 A number of patients have been successfully cured with the new drug.许多病人已经成功地被这种新药治愈了。 (2)patiently adv.耐心地 There was a queue of people waiting patiently for the bus to arrive． 有一群人在耐心地等待公共汽车的到来。 (3)impatient adj.不耐烦的；急于 be impatient with对……不耐烦 Try not to be impatient with her.尽量别对她没耐心。 (4)impatiently adv.不耐烦地 “Yes, you said that before，” she said impatiently． “是的，你以前说过，”她不耐烦地说。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Mr Gao is a good teacher, but he has little ________ (patient) with the pupils in his class. ②Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out ________ patience. ③The nurse is very patient ________ her patients. ④I'm ________ patient of Dr Yang. Could I make a date to see her, please? ⑤The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her ________ (patient). ⑥The crowd waited ________ (patient) in a line for the doors to open. ⑦As time went on he grew more and more ________ (patient). ⑧Tom lay awake and waited, in restless ________ (patience). ⑨He speaks proudly of his record and ________ (impatient) rejects the constant criticisms of his company. 5)branch n．树枝；支流；政府部门；(学科及语言的)分支；分店) (教材原句)I hung most of the decorations on the branches. 我把大部分装饰都挂在树枝上。 bare/flowering branches 光秃秃的/开满花的树枝 a branch of the Rhine 莱茵河的支流 a branch line/office 铁路支线/分公司 all branches of government 所有政府部门 open a branch 开一家分店 our branch manager 我们的分公司经理 ❶The branch she was standing on must have broken off. 她踩着的那根树枝一定折断了。 ❷After the storm, the ground was covered with branches. 暴风雨过后，地上布满了树枝。 ❸This branch of the river eventually flows into the Atlantic. 这条河的这条支流最终汇入大西洋。 ❹Our New York branch is dealing with the matter. 我们的纽约分部正在处理这件事情。 ❺The bank has three branches in the city. 这家银行在本市有三家分行。 [即学即练] 写出句中branch的含义 ①They're thinking of setting up a branch here.________ ②They cut away all the dead branches from the tree.________ ③All branches of the government are having to cut costs.________ ④He majors in a branch of computer science known as “artificial intelligence”．________ 单句语法填空 ⑤He was driving his car at a high speed when ________ branch shot across the window. ⑥Yesterday he cut off the upper ________ (branch) of the big tree in front of the door. 6)behaviour n．行为，举止，态度；活动方式，表现方式 behave vi.表现 vt.(oneself)表现得体，有礼貌) (教材原句)I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents.拆礼物时，我表现得特别好。 (1)on one's best behaviour 以最好的方式表现自己；举止规矩，行为检点 good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为 one's behaviour towards... 某人对……的行为 study human behaviour 研究人类的行为模式 rude/improper behaviour 粗鲁的/不恰当的行为 social behaviour 社会行为 (2)behave oneself 表现得体；有礼貌 behave well/badly 表现好/不好 behave strangely 举止怪异 behave like... 表现得像…… behave well/badly towards... 对待……态度好/恶劣 well/badlybehaved children 表现好/差的孩子们 ❶Make sure that good behaviour is rewarded. 确保良好的行为受到嘉奖。 ❷He was regretful about his behaviour. 他对自己的行为感到后悔。 ❸Charles was on his good behaviour throughout the interview. 整个会见过程查尔斯表现出良好的行为举止。 ❹They behaved very badly towards their guests. 他们对客人们很不礼貌。 ❺She always behaves well when her aunts come to visit. 当她的姑姑来访时，她总是表现得很好。 ❻He behaved like a true gentleman.他的行为像个真正的绅士。 ❼He behaved as if/though nothing had happened. 他表现得像是什么都没发生过。 [语境助记] I want you to behave yourselves while I'm away. 我不在家时你们要乖乖的。 Many cyclists behave dangerously. 许多骑自行车的人行为危险。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Listening is thus an active, not a passive ________ (behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. ②He told his pupils to behave ________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture. ③His mother often punished him in his childhood because he behaved ________ (bad). ④They felt a sense of achievement, because their children all behaved ________ (good). ⑤The audience was surprisingly well ________ (behave), which made the host smile in relief. ⑥These ________ (behave) can be observed among many children who have lost a parent or other loved one. 7)whisper vi.& vt.低声说，低语；私下说 n．耳语(声)，低语；轻柔的声音；传言) (教材原句)“I have something special for you，” Granny whispered.“我有一个特别的东西给你，”奶奶低声说。 (1)whisper about sth. 密谈某事；低声说…… whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人 whisper sth. in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事 whisper to sb. that... 低声对某人说…… It is whispered that... 有人私下里说…… (2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声地 ❶Don't you know it's rude to whisper? 难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？ ❷What are you two whispering about? 你们两人在低声说些什么？ ❸She leaned over and whispered something in his ear. 她探过身去附耳跟他说了些什么。 ❹He whispered to me that he was afraid. 他低声对我说害怕。 ❺It was whispered that he would soon die and he did. 有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。 ❻Girls were talking in whispers in every office. 女孩们在每个办公室里悄声交谈着。 ❼I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．我知道我会低声对自己说两个简单的词“Be yourself”。 ❽Her voice dropped to a whisper.她压低声音小声说话。 ❾I've heard whispers that he's leaving.我听人说他要走。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) I could hear the whisper of the sea.我听见大海在轻声诉说。 [误区提醒] whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即whisper sth. to sb.＝whisper to sb. sth. [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The Colonel bowed his head and ________ (whisper) a prayer of Thanksgiving. ②He waited for his mother ________ (whisper) something about how they might need to find another restaurant, but she said nothing. ③I heard them ________ (whisper), but I pretended not to hear them. ④Mike whispered ________ me that he made a new discovery. ⑤“I was to star in a film，” she whispered ________ my ear. ⑥It ________ (whisper) that he shouldn't serve as an experiment volunteer although he is eager to learn science. ⑦“Where are you going？” he asked ________ a whisper. ⑧They spoke in ________ (whisper) for fear that they should be heard. 完成句子 ⑨________________ (据私下传闻) he is heavily in debt. 8)merry adj.快乐的 merrily adv.高兴地，愉快地；自顾自地，毫无顾忌地) (教材原句)Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐。 a merry dance 欢乐的舞蹈 a merry smile 愉快的微笑 a merry laughter 欢乐的笑声 live a merry life 过着愉快的生活 wish sb. a merry Christmas 祝某人圣诞快乐 the more the merrier (东西)多多益善；(人)越多越热闹 ❶Merry Christmas to you！祝你圣诞快乐！ ❷There is a merry smile on her face.她脸上露出愉快的微笑。 ❸He is in a very merry mood today.他今天心情极为愉快。 ❹The young men were chatting merrily among themselves. 年轻人彼此间在愉快地闲谈。 ❺They sang and danced merrily and had a merry Christmas. 他们欢快地唱歌跳舞，度过了一个欢乐的圣诞节。 [语境助记] A merry little bird was singing on a tree, but nothing more. 一只快乐的小鸟在一棵树上歌唱，仅此而已。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①My wife and I would like to wish you ________ merry Christmas. ②When it grew dark, a number of coloured lamps were lit, and the sailors danced ________ (merry) on the deck. 完成句子 ③It was said that during that time every family in that village was ________________ (过着快乐的生活). 9)wave vi.& vt.挥手；招手 n．挥手；波浪) (教材原句)“Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just waved.“到外面来，奶奶，”我叫她，但她只是挥了挥手。 (1)vi.& vt.挥手，招手；挥手示意 vt.挥舞，挥动 vi.飘扬，起伏 wave a hand towards/at... 向……挥手 wave at/to/towards sb. 向某人挥手/招手 wave goodbye to sb. (＝wave sb.goodbye) 向某人挥手道别 wave sb. off 挥手送别 wave sth. aside/away... 对……置之不理 wave sb./sth. through 挥手让……通过 (2)n.海浪，波浪，波涛；挥手，挥臂，招手；汹涌的行动(或思想)态势，心潮，风潮；波 give sb. a wave 向某人挥手 radio/sound waves 无线电波/声波 a wave of fear 一阵恐惧 ❶The people on the bus waved and we waved back. 公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。 ❷My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye. 我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。 ❸“He's over there，” said Ali, waving a hand towards/at some trees.“他在那儿。”阿里说着朝几棵树挥了挥手。 ❹I showed my pass to the security guard and he waved me through. 我向保安出示了通行证，他挥手让我通过。 ❺Why did you wave at/to/towards him? 你为什么向他挥手？ ❻The expert came into the hall, waving his hand to greet us. 那位专家走进大厅，向我们挥手致意。 ❼Huge waves were breaking on the shore.巨浪拍打着海岸。 ❽She declined the offer with a wave of her hand. 她摆了摆手谢绝了这一提议。 ❾He gave us a wave as the bus drove off. 公共汽车开走时他向我们挥了挥手。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①I waved ________ him from the window but he didn't see me. ②I was ________ (wave) my hand like mad but he never once looked in my direction. ③She was so annoyed that she wouldn't even wave goodbye ________ us. ④Hospital workers were outside to welcome him, ________ (wave) flags and smiling at him. ⑤He kept on ________ (wave) at them until they were out of sight. ⑥As soon as we showed our papers as reporters, the policeman ________ (wave) us in. ⑦________ wave of sympathy for her swept Ireland. ⑧In particular, the teacher explained all sorts of ________ (wave) of light and sound to me. ⑨The country was swept by a wave ________ protest. ⑩He would always turn and give us ________ wave at the end of the street. 10)affair n．事件；事情；公共事务，政治事务；[pl.]私人业务) (教材原句)Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affair. 午餐晚了，但这是一件既欢闹又令人兴奋的大事。 current affairs 时事 financial affairs 财务 affairs of state 国事 private affairs 私事 national/international affairs 国家/国际事务 world/international/foreign affairs 世界/国际/外交事务 an expert on foreign affairs 外事专家 ❶The newspapers reported the whole affair wildly. 报纸对整个事件作了疯狂的报道。 ❷I looked after my father's financial affairs.我照管父亲的财务。 [比较] affair和business 在作“事务”讲时，这两个词的意义很接近，常可通用。例如： Mind your own affairs (business).少管闲事。 It's a sorry affair (business).事情(或东西)很糟糕。 Each Ministry of Foreign Affairs lodged a protest with the other.双方外交部对对方外交部提了抗议。(不能用business；同样international affairs国际事务，不能说international business) Let's get down to business.让我们谈正事吧！ Business before pleasure.先办正事，再谈娱乐。(正事比娱乐要紧)(在做“正事”讲，与“娱乐”、“消遣”对比时，应说business，不能说affair) [注意] (1)Business不能用复数，而affair特别指重大或头绪较多的事务时，常需要用复数。在下面的句子里，这两个词不通用。 (2)Business作“行业”讲时，不能用affair代替，如： He is in the wine business.他经营酒业。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①She organises her work ________ (affair) very quickly. ②She wanted the celebration to be ________ simple family affair. 完成句子 ③In a brief statement, he concentrated entirely on ________ (国际事务). ►第二版块|重要短语讲解 1)move in搬来(和某人)一起居住；搬进新居(不及物动词短语)) (教材原句)That was also the day Granny moved in. 那天也是奶奶搬进来的日子。 move into 搬进新居(及物动词短语) move out 搬出去 move off 启动；离开 move on (to sth.) 开始做(别的事)；换话题；继续前行 move about 四处走动 move over (为让出地方)挪到那头(那边)；让位 move up ①向上/向前移动；让位子；②晋升；(被)提升；③(使)开赴前线/战场 ❶Her house was in perfect order when she moved in. 她搬进来时，屋子里井井有条。 ❷The place needed a good spring clean before we could move in. 那地方得来个大扫除，然后我们才能搬进去。 ❸When are you moving in？你什么时候搬新家？ ❹Having done many years of school teaching, I felt that it was time to move on into college or university work. 我在中学教学已有多年，感到该调到学院或大学去干工作了。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Now that we have decorated the house, we can move ________． ②The idea of having to sell their home and move ________ a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. ③The noise around this house had become too much to tolerate and he decided to move ________． ④For some reason, he chose to move ________ this stage. ⑤Can you move on ________ another subject？ 2)over and over再三地，重复地) think the matter over and over 再三考虑这件事 “重复地，再三地”的多种表达法：time and time again/time and again/over and over again/again and again/time after time ❶The journalists asked her the same question over and over. 记者们反复地问她同一个问题。 ❷I lay awake all night, turning the problem over and over in my mind.我一夜没睡着，反复思索这个问题。 ❸I've told you over and over again not to do that. 我一再跟你讲不要再那么做。 [特别提醒] over and over与over and over again意思一样，只不过over and over again语气更强烈一些。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①This happened over ________ over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs (苍耳子). ②You'll need to practise the specific skills again and ________． ③They inquired about the matter time ________ again. ④You will get a perfect result time ________ time if you follow these directions. 3)pass away去世；消失) (教材原句)A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed away.圣诞节后的几个星期，奶奶去世了。 pass by 路过，经过(……旁边) pass...on to... 把……传递给…… pass out 失去知觉 pass off (以某种方式)发生并完成 pass sb. off as... 把某人改变或冒充为…… pass sth. down 使世代相传；流传下去 pass up 放弃，不要(机会等) ❶She's terribly upset because her father passed away last week. 她非常难过，因为她父亲上周去世了。 ❷It was the first time that I found life could so easily pass away. 那是我第一次发现原来生命可以这样容易地逝去。 ❸Spring comes after the cold winter. Winter will pass away to welcome the sunshine in spring. 春天到来之前是严冬，但严冬一定会过去，迎来阳光明媚的春天。 ❹If there is a new illness, some animals may survive and pass on the ability entirely to resist that disease to the next generation. 如果有某种新的疾病，一些动物可能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力完全传给下一代。 [说明] 人们常用“离别了”(to depart), “离开了我们”(to leave us)等委婉说法来替代说某人“死了”(to die)。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The famous expert passed ________ at the age of ninety. ②Mrs Sesemann had noticed the child's unhappiness, but let a few days pass ________， hoping for a change. ③The girl passed herself ________ as a wellknown film star. ④The tradition has been passed ________ from generation to generation. ⑤I am grateful for the knowledge they all passed on ________ me. 4)no longer不再(＝not...any longer)) (教材原句)Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longer believed in Father Christmas.几年前我不再相信圣诞老人的存在时，妈妈就把信还给了我。 ❶This type of behaviour is no longer socially acceptable. 这种行为在社交中已不再合适。 ❷I'm not standing for it any longer.这种事我再也不能容忍了。 [区分] no longer和no more (1)no longer中的longer是long的比较级，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为“不再”。no longer等于not...any longer。 Annie no longer lives here.安妮不再住在这儿了。 (2)no more中的more是many/much的比较级， more有again之意， no more着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为“再也没有更多(大)的数量(程度)”。no more等于not...any more。 Not wishing to annoy her further, he said no more.他不愿惹她更生气，便不再说话。 Now she wasn't afraid any more.现在她再也不害怕了。 (3)no longer通常放在行为动词前， be动词的后面； no more通常置于行为动词之后。 She is no longer a music lover.她不再是一个音乐爱好者了。 Time or opportunity lost will return no more.机不可失，时不再来。 (4)两者都可用来修饰动词，在句中作状语。当no more作“不再有，不再存在”时，还可作定语和宾语。 I have no more (things) to say.我没有什么要说的(事情)了。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①But opponents are no ________ (long) willing to wait. ②Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were ________ longer able to care for themselves very well. ③At that second beating, Pinocchio became very quiet and said no ________ (much). ④He tried it; but in the darkness the distant echoes sounded so terrible that he didn't try it ________ more. 完成句子 ⑤Later when they are far away from the earth and there is ________________ (不再有地球引力) they find they are unable to stay in one place. ⑥I finally came to know that I could ________________________ (不能再忽视这个事实) that he was deeply unhappy. 5)believe in相信(某人)；相信……是好的/真的) believe in yourself 相信自己 believe it or not 信不信由你 believe sb. to be 相信某人是…… Sb. is believed to be... 某人被认为是…… It is believed that...(＝People believe that...) 人们相信/认为…… ❶I believe in you, so I believe what you said. After all, it's you who give me so much inspiration. 我信任你，因此我相信你说的话。毕竟，是你给了我如此多的灵感。 ❷He believed in the children being taught through the translation method.他认为确有孩子在接受那种翻译法的教学。 ❸Some of his supporters have stopped believing in him. 他的一些支持者都不再信任他了。 ❹He believes in taking plenty of exercise. 他相信要做足量的锻炼。 [比较] believe in与believe believe in...表示因可靠、有某种能力、品德高尚等原因而“相信，信任”某人或某种理论等，属于总的评价；而动词believe只表示相信某人所说的话，并不涉及对其总的评价。如： I believe him.我相信他。(他说的话) I believe in him.我信任他。(不仅是相信他说的话) [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①________ is believed that taking exercise regularly can strengthen our immune system. 完成句子 ②In a job interview, you should let the employer know that you ____________________ (很自信) and that you know your ________________ (强项与弱点). ③The film ________________ (被认为) instructive and full of emotion. (6)catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 keep an eye on 照看，照料 keep one's eyes on 注视；关注 keep an eye open/out (for) 密切注意，提防 have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力 in one's eyes 在某人眼里，依某人看 close/shut one's eyes to 对……视而不见 look sb. in the eye 直视某人 ❶I remember catching her eye through the window. 我记得当时从窗户里看到她的眼睛。 ❷A sudden movement caught my eye. 一个突然的动作引起了我的注意。 ❸I tried to catch the waiter's eye, so we could order. 我试图引起服务员的注意，这样我们就可以点菜了。 ❹It was the unusual colour of his jacket that caught my eye. 是他夹克不寻常的颜色引起了我的注意。 ❺A postcard, a present from my grandfather, would likely catch one's eye.一张明信片，来自我祖父的礼物，可能会引起某人的注意。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Jenna caught her ________ (father) eye and they winked at each other secretly. ②He stood still, keeping his eyes ________ the flowers in the garden. ③The lady walked around the shop, keeping an eye out ________ bargains. ④The woman has an eye ________ a bargain, so she often buys better items with less money. ⑤We should not close our eyes ________ the current situation of waste on campus. ⑥He looked her ________ the eye and didn't say a word. 7)come to mind (突然)想起来；浮现在脑海中) (教材原句)When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，脑海中浮现的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 (1)come to 总计，达到(某一总数或某种状态/状况) come to life 活跃起来；苏醒过来 come to oneself 苏醒过来 come to light 被发现；被知晓 come to sb. 来到某人面前；某人想起 come to one's mind 某人想起；浮现在某人脑海 (2)When it comes to... 当谈到…… When it comes to getting things done, he's useless. 一谈到做事，他便不中用了。 ❶As I was arranging the details, another poem came to mind. 在我安排这些细节时，另外一首诗浮现在脑海中。 ❷Although I know it well, the name just won't come to mind. 尽管我对它很熟识，但就是记不起名字来了。 ❸The moment the champion appeared on the stage, the hall came to life.冠军一出现在舞台上，大厅就活跃起来。 [即学即练] 完成句子 ①How much does the bill ________________ (总计/总共). ②After much talk we ________________ (达成) an agreement. ③At last the name of the book __________________ (出现在我的脑海). ④________________ (谈到) music, James is an expert. ⑤When discussing influential artists, three names immediately ______________ (出现在脑海中). ⑥The dull play really ________________ (变得生动有趣) in the performance by these young people. ►第三版块|疑难句型剖析 1)强调句型) (教材原句)．..it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.……我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 句式分析 本句为强调句型，强调句子主语not just gifts and Father Christmas。 (1)基本结构： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。强调的是人时，连接词也可以用who。 ❶It was at the class meeting yesterday that we elected him monitor. 我们是在昨天的班会上选他当班长的。 ❷It was him that/who we elected monitor at the class meeting yesterday.昨天班会上我们选的他当班长。 (2)句式变化： 一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？ ❸Is it Peter that is to take part in the city sports meeting? 是彼得要参加市运动会吗？ ❹Where was it that the 29th Summer Olympic Games took place? 第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？ ❺Who was it that broke out the window？是谁把窗户打破的？ ❻What is it that you want me to do？你想让我做的是什么？ ❼How was it that you succeed？你是怎么成功的？ ❽Why is it that smoking isn't allowed here？为什么这里不允许吸烟？ (3)not...until...句型的强调句句型： It is/was＋not until...＋that＋其他．。 ❾It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到接近信的结尾处，她才提到自己的计划。 (4)判断依据：将句中的“It is/was...that...”结构去掉，若句子依然完整则为强调句，否则就不是强调句。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) It was at 5 o'clock that he got up yesterday. 昨天他是五点钟起床的。(强调句) eq \o(○,\s\up1(11)) It was 5 o'clock when he got up yesterday. 昨天他起床时是五点钟。(时间状语从句) (5)谓语动词：强调主语时根据主语判断谓语动词的形式。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(12)) It is you that are wrong.是你错了。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(13)) It is I who am answering the question.是我在回答这个问题。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①It was the sense of failure ________ made him decide to succeed in his new life. ②You are waiting at a wrong place. ________ is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists. ③Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognised. ④It was Susan ________ I came across yesterday in the studio. ⑤It was in 1921 ________ our Party was founded. ⑥It was 1921 ________ our Party was founded. ⑦It was on the farm ________ we practised planting crops. ⑧It was the farm ________ we learned a lot. ⑨It is a wonder ________ the wounded soldier is still alive. ⑩It was not until they had finished the project ________ they returned home. ⑪Was it in the library ________ he often went to do some reading ________ he met the pretty girl? ⑫It is watching TV every day that ________ (be) making her eyesight fail. ⑬It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—________ he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane！ 2)定语从句中关系代词的省略) (教材原句)I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us.我仍记得奶奶和我们一起度过的最后一个圣诞节。 句式分析 定语从句中的关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that和as。在以下情况中，关系代词可以省略： (1)当who, whom, which, that在限制性定语从句中作动词的宾语或作位于从句句末的介词的宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 (2)关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。 ❶I will never forget the editor (who/whom/that) I met yesterday. 我永远忘不了昨天遇见的那位编辑。 ❷The holiday (that/which) we are all looking forward to is coming soon.我们都期待的那个假期很快就要来了。 ❸China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。 ❹Books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot. 书是知识的源泉，我从中受益良多。 [易错警示] 若关系代词直接放在介词后作宾语，则关系代词不可以省略。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The man with ________ I shook hands is a famous writer. ②The city ________ you live in is beautiful. ③The book ________ you lent to me is interesting. ④Zhang Hua is the only one of the pupils ________ gets full marks. ⑤We should treasure the days ________ we spent together with our parents. 3)Sb. be excited/worried/disappointed...＋that从句．) (教材原句)I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way. 我对圣诞节的到来太兴奋了。 be＋情绪类形容词 eq \b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(surprised,worried,excited,disappointed)) ＋介词(at/with/about)＋sb./sth. be＋情绪类形容词＋that从句 ❶The children were excited about opening their presents. 孩子们对拆礼物感到兴奋不已。 ❷The mother is worried that her son gets hurt. 这位母亲担心她儿子受伤。 ❸I'm happy that my 80yearold grandma has learned how to download things from the Internet. 我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了如何从网上下载东西。 ❹We are all disappointed that he gave up the competition. 他放弃了比赛，我们都很失望。 [特别提醒] 在上面的句子结构中，情绪类形容词后的介词短语或从句，往往表示造成某种情绪的原因。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①We're all pleased ________ we have once again overcome the difficulty. ②The teacher was worried ________ her daughter could not pass the final exam. ③We are all concerned ________ his safety. ④I'm very satisfied ________ her progress in studying English. ⑤We feel ashamed ________ his mistake. 4)whenever引导时间状语从句) (教材原句)Now, whenever the writer makes sugar biscuits, her grandma comes to mind.现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她奶奶就浮现在脑海中。 句式分析 whenever引导时间状语从句时，相当于加强语气的when(即相当于every time when)。例： Whenever he comes to Beijing, he never fails to call on me. 他每次来北京都来看我。 在引导让步状语从句时，whever常可以和no matter wh互换。 ❶Whenever you come, you are welcome. 无论你何时来，都欢迎你。(从句可改写为：No matter when you come) ❷I'll be with you wherever you go.无论你走到哪里，我都陪伴着你。(从句可改写为no matter where you go) ❸I'll finish the work however late it is.无论多晚我都得完成这项工作。(从句可改写为no matter how late it is) ❹Whichever side wins, I'll be happy.无论哪一方获胜，我都高兴。 (从句可改写为No matter which side wins) ❺Whoever (No matter who) did it, I didn't. 不管这事是谁干的，反正我没干。 ❻We are determined to fulfil the task, whatever (no matter what) happens.不管出了什么事，我们决心完成任务。 ❼Whichever (No matter which) book you borrow, you must return it in a week.你无论借哪本书，都必须一周内归还。 ❽Whenever (No matter when) you come back, don't wake me up.不管你什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。 ❾He carries a book in his pocket, wherever (no matter where) he goes.他不管去哪里，口袋里都装着一本书。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(10)) However (No matter how) late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈总是等着他一起吃饭。 eq \o(○,\s\up1(11)) Whomever (No matter whom) you invite, I will not go. 我不管你邀请谁，我都不会去。 [相关拓展] whever和no matter wh引导的让步状语从句 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(whenever＝no matter when,wherever＝no matter where,however＝no matter how)) 引导让步状语从句 whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导状语从句也可引导名词性从句。 [注意] whoever, whatever和whichever是连接代词，既可以引导状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句。它们引导状语从句时，可以用no matter who/what/which来代替，引导名词性从句时，只能用whever形式。 试比较： If someone breaks the law, he will be punished, whoever he is． 如果有人犯了法就该受惩罚，不管他是谁。(从句可改为no matter who he is。) Please give the money to whoever needs it most． 请把钱给最需要的人吧。(本句是宾语从句，意为“凡是……的人”，其功能相当于anyone who，所以从句可改写为．..anyone who needs it most。) Whatever difficulty I may meet, I'll never give up. 无论遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃。(whatever此时引导让步状语从句，可改写为no matter what。) Whatever you said is right.你所说的话都是对的。(whatever引导主语从句，意为“凡是……”，语气比what强。) [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①________ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. ②________ tough the problem is, we can solve it with patience. ③Once you have made up your mind, don't give up ________ challenges you will meet with. ④________ I suggest, he always disagree. ⑤The old tower must be saved, ________ the cost is. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The athlete answered all the host's questions with ________ (耐心). 2．The ________ (树枝) of the trees are swaying in the wind. 3．My dad and I spent the night in the guest room in the rural area listening to the frogs and water ________ (滚动) down the river nearby. 4．After drinking some water and having some snacks, he felt ________ (稍微) better. 5．Nicole just ________ (搬) from Hawaii, so we're glad that she's here. Ⅱ.短语填空 in memory of, move on, believe in, lose patience with, over and over, behave oneself, in whispers, catch one's eye 1．My sister volunteered to write an article ____________ those who devoted themselves to the cause of China's revolution. 2．The moment a badly injured bird ____________， we came to help. 3．I really did what I ____________ and did not let myself down. 4．I ____________ him and had no idea how to deal with him. 5．The only way to learn the lines by heart is to say them to yourself ____________， which, of course, occupies time. 6．Tom regularly asked his father to take him to his grandpa's and promised to ____________． 7．The two natives began talking ____________ to avoid others hearing what they were saying. 8．Let's ____________ to the Ocean Park to watch various marine organisms (海洋生物). Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．In our office anyone caught ________ (quit) that project halfway will be punished. 2．The cartoon character spoke rapidly, ________ (wave) his arms about. 3．The bird watchers' ________ (behave) shows that they care only about the names of birds. 4．It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 5．It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors. 6．These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) ________ (slight) lower. 7．After all, Forced Waiting requires ________ (patient). Ⅳ.完成句子 1．He unfortunately ________________ (去世) last year. 2．Such kind of school breaks away from the traditional methods of teaching, so it ________________ (吸引学生们的注意). 3．At last, I will be living independently, but I still want to have my parents to turn to __________________________ (任何我需要帮助的时候). 4．She, with expectant expression on her face, asked Ann if she could ________________ (照看一下) the dog. 5．Thus, its boxoffice income will probably enjoy ________________ (略有增长). 6．The expert, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, ________________ (低声表示支持). 7．The president ________________ (向……挥手) the crowd from the steps of the plane. 8．When an attractive beauty reads poems ________________ (为了纪念) the poet, everyone holds their breath. Ⅴ.单句写作 1．他们挥手再见，并期盼着早日团聚。(wave goodbye, look forward to) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．这位老师给出了如何教导孩子举止得体的建议。(tip, behave oneself) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．我们青少年应该对未知的事物多一点耐心。(teenagers, ought to, have patience with) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4．换句话说，这些孩子们是通过反复倾听童话故事来获取知识的。(in other words, over and over) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5．重要的不是你怎么说而是你怎么做。(matter, rather than, it is＋被强调成分＋that＋句子其他成分) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6．无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈总是等着他一起吃饭。(however/no matter, have dinner) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
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