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2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修6Unit1 Laughterisgoodforyou
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Module 6
Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
对应学生用书p90
项目
内 容
核心单词
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)
1.He has tried many times but all of his (先前的) attempts failed.
2.It will make me crazy when getting (戏弄) by other people.
3.Nowadays， students are not (保证) jobs when they graduate from college.
4.Once an opportunity is (获得)， you should treasure it.
5.They (猛冲) into the railway station in order to catch the early train.
6.She overcame her (最初的) shyness and really enjoyed the evening.
7.The children succeeded in playing out the (喜剧) within two hours.
8.The branches t at my jacket and scratched my hands and face.
9.The baby needs mother and father's warmth， protection and a .
10.Pupils should be taught to adopt a p attitude to the environment.
[答案]
1.previous 2.teased 3.guaranteed 4.attained 5.dashed 6.initial 7.comedy 8.tore 9.affection
10.positive
词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.We should work out our time.One includes and .(week)
2.There are goods in the new supermarket， and the prices from cents to dollars. The of them attracts many customers.(vary)
3.Tony， our teacher will not tolerate your bad in class. Please yourself！ Or you'll be punished.(behave)
4.Recently， Samuel， an American Jazz succeeded in a piece at his college.The audience were impressed by his amazing .(perform)
5.Many experts at that time had doubts about the new of making paper.(technique)
6.To the audience's ， the actor's performance really them and they all felt .(amuse)
7.You are not and you'd better with rich food. Then you'll have enough to work.(strong)
8.Nearly 60 from Beijing and neighboring areas in the competition.(participate)
9.In the live courses， students and an meet in the online classrooms for .(instruct)
10.To my surprise， I him to dine， but he declined my with thanks.(invite)
11.Every day the shops in that street are with customers buying daily goods. We have to push our way through the to go shopping.(crowd)
12. customers often make complaints to let off their ， because saying something can make them comfortable， which in turn is beneficial to their health.(anger)
[答案]
1.weekly；week；weekdays；weekends 2.various；vary；variety 3.behaviour；behave
4.performer；performing；performance 5.technical；technology 6.amusement；amusing；amused；amused
7.strong；strengthen；strength 8.participants；participated 9.instructor；instruction 10.invited；invitation
11.crowded；crowded；crowd 12.Angry；anger；angrily
重点短语,汉译英
1.绊倒 2.拿……开玩笑 3.喜爱，钟爱
4.想出 5.支持，维护 6.驱赶
7.接纳 8.为……腾出地方 9.闯进
10.拿出，伸出 11.对……作出反应 12.排队等候
13.不同种类的 14.后来，过些时候 15.捏造
16.终究；毕竟 17.去世，亡故 18.冲出去
19.对……怒目而视
[答案]
1.trip over 2.make fun of 3.have affection for 4.come up with 5.stand up for 6.drive away 7.take on
8.make room for 9.burst in 10.hold out 11.react to 12.queue up 13.a variety of 14.later on
15.make up 16.after all 17.pass away 18.dash out 19.glare at
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking， and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.(P3，L3435)
仿写 叶诗文如此迅速出名的原因是她极具游泳天赋，在伦敦奥运会上两破世界纪录。
The reason is .
2.Instead of telling the joke he had planned， Crystal made up a new one.(P3，L3940)
仿写 她不是骑单车上学，而是步行上学。
1)She does not . Instead， she .
2)She goes instead of .
3.Mind if I sit down？ (P14，L21)
仿写 我在这里抽烟你介意吗？
1)Do you mind if ？
2)Do you mind me / my ？
4.So， if you want to try crosstalk lessons， why not study with a real old master？ (P11，C)
仿写 你离家这么久了，给父母写封信吧。
You from home so long， why ？
[答案]
1.Ye Shiwen has become famous so rapidly；that she has a great gift for swimming and broke the world record twice (for swimming) at the London Olympics (in 2012)
2.1)go to school by bike；goes to school on foot
2)to school on foot；by bike
3.1)I smoke here
2)smoking here
4.have been away；not write to your parents
对应学生用书p91
☆重点单词☆
1.burst (bursts / burst / burst / bursting)
v.突然，猛然(发生某动作或情况)；猛冲，爆裂
The police burst through the door.
警察破门而入。
I felt as if my heart would burst with grief.
我觉得自己悲伤得心都要碎了。
We drove over some glass and one of our tyres burst.
我们驶过一些玻璃碎片，汽车的一只轮胎就爆裂了。
On hearing the news， he burst into tears / burst out crying .
一听到这个消息，他放声大哭起来。
温馨提示：
burst into laughter / tears＝burst out laughing / crying
必记搭配：
burst in 突然闯入，突然打断 / 插嘴
burst forth 突然出现(发出)
burst into laughter / tears 突然笑 / 哭起来
burst out laughing / crying 突然笑 / 哭起来
burst out 迸发
用适当的介词或副词填空：
①It’s bad manners to burst one’s room without knocking on the door.
②The film was so funny that it made me burst laughing/ laughter.
③The police burst and told everyone to stand still.
[答案]
①into ②out；into ③in
2.tear (tears / tore / torn / tearing)
/teə/ v.撕扯，使分裂，被撕(挂)破
/tIə/ n.(pl.tears) 眼泪，泪水
Silk stockings tear easily.
丝袜很容易挂破。
Her heart was torn by anxiety.
她焦虑得心都快碎了。
Hearing the exciting news， she tried to hold back her tears.
听到这个激动人心的消息，她尽力控制着她的泪水。
必记搭配：
tear sth.in half / into two halves 把……撕成两半(块)
tear sth.to / into pieces 撕成碎片
tear down 拆毁，拆除(建筑物、墙等)
tear off 扯掉，撕去
tear up 撕碎，撕毁(文件等)
tear oneself away from sth. 忍痛离开
in tears 在流泪，流着眼泪
语法填空：
①A discussion about whether the old city wall should (tear) down is carried out in the city.
②She was so angry that she tore the paper pieces.
用tear的适当形式填空：
③ off this coupon(优惠券) and use it to get RMB 5 off your next book.
④In ， I can't myself away from my homeland.
[答案与解析]
①be torn。句意：在这个城市里进行了一场旧城墙是否应该拆除的讨论。分析句子结构和句意可知，tear down为固定搭配，意为“拆毁”，且与the old city wall是被动关系，又因should后加动词原形。故填be torn。
②into/to。句意：她非常生气，把纸撕成了碎片。tear...into/to pieces是固定搭配。
③Tear ④tears；tear
3.weekly
n.(pl.weeklies) 周刊；周报
adj.每周的
Having weekly meals together turned out to be helpful in bringing the family together.
每周聚餐在凝聚家人方面证明是有效的。
21st Century， a weekly newspaper， provides us with a
variety of fresh articles about campus studies and life.
《21世纪报》，一份周报，为我们提供各种各样关于学校学习和生活的新文章。
温馨提示
daily 日报；每天的
fortnightly 半月刊；每两周的
monthly 月刊；每月的
annual (＝yearly) 年鉴；每年的
4.perform v.(performs / performed / performed / performing)
The children perform two plays each school year.(表演)
She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract.(执行)
The team performed poorly on Saturday.(表现)
performance n.(pl.performances)
The orchestra will give two more performances this week.(表演)
Sean's performance at school has greatly improved.(表现)
The car's performance on mountain roads was impressive.(性能)
performer n.表演者
完成句子：
①一个复杂的发动机有许多单独的组件，每个执行一个不同的功能。
A complex engine has many separate components， each .
②我从来没看过京剧表演得如此精彩。
I have never seen Beijing Opera so brilliantly.
③这家医院从未做过心脏手术。
The heart operation has never been in this hospital.
[答案]
①performing a different function ②performed
③performed
5.glare v.(glares / glared / glared / glaring)
She glared at him， her cheeks flushing.(怒目而视)
The sun glared down on us.(发出刺眼的光)
温馨提示
glare at... 怒视
stare at... 凝视
glance at... 一瞥
6.polish v.(polishes / polished / polished / polishing)
I spent all afternoon polishing the silver knife.(擦亮)
Your essay is good.You just need to polish it a bit.(润色；使完美)
必记搭配：
polish off 迅速做完、吃光
polish up 改善，提高
7.guarantee (guarantees / guaranteed / guaranteed / guaranteeing)
vt. / n.保证，担保
He is guaranteed not to accomplish the task in time.
他肯定不会及时完成任务。
We cannot guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.
我们不能保证我们所有的航班均不误点。
Blue skies are not a guarantee of continuous fine weather.
蔚蓝的天空并不能担保天气持续晴朗。
必记搭配：
guarantee sth. 保证某事
guarantee ＋ thatclause 保证……
guarantee sb. sth. 确保某人某事
guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.Children should be taught not to (stare / glance / glare) at disabled people， which is not polite.
2.The baby burst (into / out) crying when his mother left.
3.With their reputation ruined，food companies need to (take up / polish up / hold up) their image.
4.I (guarantee / remind / require) that I will study hard to become a top student.
[答案与解析]
1.stare。考查动词短语。短语stare at...盯着……看；句意：孩子应该被教育不要盯着残疾人看，这是不礼貌的。glance at 一瞥；glare at 怒视。
2.out。考查短语搭配。burst into＋n.，而burst out＋doing，因此填out。
3.polish up。 polish up 提高，改善；take up开始从事；hold up举起，耽搁。句意：由于它们的声誉毁了，食品公司需要改善它们的形象。
4.guarantee。句意：我保证我会努力学习成为一名优秀学生。guarantee担保，保证；remind提醒，使想起；require要求，后接宾语从句，要用(should＋)动词原形。根据题意，只有guarantee正确。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Many people are now having trouble making their (month) house payments.
2.They are tearing the old houses in order to set up a new teaching building.
3.I'd rather that you (perform) the operation right away.
[答案与解析]
1.monthly。句意：现在很多人在支付房款月供上有困难。monthly adj.每月的。
2.down。tear down 拆毁，拆除。
3.performed。考查虚拟语气。I'd rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。句意：我宁愿你立即实施手术。结合语境可知是对现在的虚拟。故用一般过去时。
☆核心短语☆
1.编造；化妆；构成；补齐 make up
That's a good riddle.Did you make it up yourself？
真是一个不错的谜语，是你自己编的吗？
由……制成(可看出原材料) be made of
由……制成(看不出原材料) be made from
在某地生产 be made in
被制成…… be made into
由……组成 be made up of
谋生 make one's living
犯错误 make a mistake / mistakes
许诺 make a promise / promises
利用 make use of
思考：与动词make 搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出5个好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________[答案]
make the best of / make the most of 充分利用
make progress 取得进步 make sense 讲得通，有意义
make room for为……让出地方 make it 准时到达；成功
make sure / certain确信 make for走向；促使
make off 匆忙离开 make a decision 作出决定
make out看出，理解 make up to 讨好
make up for弥补，补偿
2.取笑，拿……开玩笑 make fun of
It's rude to make fun of the disabled people.
取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
拿……开玩笑 make a joke / jokes of sth.
嘲笑某人 laugh at sb.
戏弄某人 play a joke on sb.
愚弄某人 make a fool of sb.
完成句子：
①At last， she couldn’t stand by her classmates any longer.
最后，她不能忍受被同学们取笑了。
②Of course， I'll do some reading ， and for knowledge as well.
当然，我会读些书，为了消遣，也为了获取知识。
[答案与解析]
①being made fun of。can’t stand doing是固定搭配，意为“不能忍受……”，故空处填动名词，结合语义可知，make fun of 是固定搭配，意为“取笑”，且和she是被动关系，综上，故填being made fun of。
②for fun
3.递出；拿出；伸出 hold out
It's impolite to hold out your left hand to shake hands with an Indian.
伸出左手与印度人握手是不礼貌的行为。
使保持低水平，限制，保住(工作、职位) hold down
抑制，控制(情感)；阻挡；隐瞒 hold back
坚持；(电话)先别挂 hold on
举起，支撑；阻碍；延迟 hold up
推迟；和……保持距离 hold off
屏息，不出声 hold one's breath
趾高气扬 hold one's head high
完成汉译英：
①他们都屏住呼吸，看谁会赢得选举。
All of them to see who would win the election.
②我尽力忍住眼泪。
I tried to my tears.
③他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
They managed to ________________________________________________________________________ until help arrived.
④她总是喜欢迟交作业。
She always likes to handing in her homework.
[答案]
①held their breath ②hold back ③hold on ④hold off
4.对……有影响 / 效果 have an effect on / upon
As we know， some websites on the Internet have a very bad effect on people， especially children.
正如我们大家所知道的那样，因特网上有些网站对人们尤其是孩子有坏影响。
使生效；实行；实施 bring / put sth.into effect
开始生效；开始实行 come into effect
开始起作用；生效 take effect
实际上；事实上；有效 in effect
无效地 without effect
有效地 with effect
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.They made her (out / up / up for) as an old woman for the first act of the play.
2.Nobody wants to (make fun of / be made fun of) especially in public.
3.When someone is in trouble， we should hold (on / up / out / off) a friendly hand.
[答案与解析]
1.up。make out意为“分辨、理解、弄清”；make up意为“编造、杜撰、化妆”；make up for意为“弥补”。
2.be made fun of。根据语境可知make fun of (取笑)与其逻辑主语nobody之间为被动关系。句意：没有人想要被取笑，尤其是在公共场合。
3.out。hold out伸出；hold on等着，停住；hold up 支撑；hold off延迟，推迟。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
hold out；take on；be made up of；
make it；laugh at；take effect
1.We young people should work extremely hard to more responsibilities.
2.At the news of the earthquake，many of us our helping hands to those victims.
3.The committee representatives from every state.
4.The medicine will quickly.
5.I can even if it’s difficult.
6.I'm afraid the other kids will me because I don't understand.
[答案与解析]
1.take on。句意：我们年轻人应该努力工作，承担更多的责任。分析句子结构可知，空处填动词原形，take on为固定搭配，意为“从事、承担”，符合句意，故填take on。
2.held out。句意：听到地震的消息，我们中的许多人伸出了援助之手给那些受灾者。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，结合句意和语境可知，此处应是一般过去时，hold out为固定搭配，意为“伸出；递出；拿出”。
3.is made up of 4.take effect
5.make it 6.laugh at
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1.One such person is Billy Crystal.(P2，L25)
译：一个这样(成功的) 例子就是比利·克里斯托。
such在这里的意思是“这样的，如此的”，用在one 之后。
如：一支这样的笔就足够了。One such pen is enough.
such在英语教材中出现频率较高，用法比较灵活，是考试的热点，也是考试的难点。
现将such用法简单归纳如下：
(1)such修饰单数名词时，放于不定冠词a / an之前，若名词前有one，no，any，some，few，all，many，several等词修饰时，such放在这些修饰词之后。例如：
He's such a man.他就是这么一个人。
There is no such thing.没有这么一回事。
(2)such位于句首时，句子需倒装，谓语动词的单复数根据其后的名词决定。
Such is my hope for the future.
我对未来的希望就是这样。
Such were the facts.事实就是这样。
(3)在such...that...，such...as...句型中，若从句不缺少句子成分，用that引导，表示“如此……以至于”；若从句中缺少句子成分，用as引导，表示“像……一样的”“像……”，引导定语从句，as做主 / 宾 / 表语。
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
他的手臂很长，几乎能碰到天花板。
He is not such a fool as he looks.
他并不像他看起来的这么傻。
完成句子：
①You can’t imagine that a welleducated gentleman should make .
你不能够想象一位受过良好教育的绅士竟会犯这样愚蠢的错误。
②Our teacher teaches us that we are all thankful to him.
我们老师教我们教得很好，我们都很感激他。
选词填空：
③ (So / Such / Thus) was his past， a bitter life without any pleasure.
语法填空：
④Daisy is such a beautiful and excellent girl her mother is proud of her.
[答案与解析]
①such a silly mistake。should 在此处表示惊讶，可译为“竟然，竟会”。such在此做形容词，表示“这样的，如此的”。
②so well
③Such。词义辨析。so 副词，如此，这样；连词，所以；such限定词，这样的；代词，这样的人或事；thus副词，因此，这样。句意：他的过去就是这样一段完全没有快乐的苦涩生活。本句为倒装句，形容词做表语，前置，故填Such。
④that。句意：黛西是如此漂亮且优秀的女孩，以至于她的母亲以她为骄傲。such...that...如此……以至于……，that 引导结果状语从句。
思考：such...that和so...that 的用法有哪些区别？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
两者均表示 “如此……以至于……”，但so是副词，其后跟形容词或副词；such 是形容词，后接名词。例如：
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。
He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。
He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.
他所受教育很少，不适合做这个工作。
(注意：如果名词前有many，much，few，little(少)等词修饰的话，则不用such而用so。)
2.I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.(P5，Part F)
译：我喜欢喜剧演员与观众说话。
某些及物动词，如：like，love，enjoy，prefer，hate，appreciate，etc.之后若没有出现宾语，而直接跟if，whether，when等连词引导的状语从句，要在从句前使用代词it。另一种看法是视it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后if， whether， when等词引导的宾语从句。例如：
She doesn't like it when her children tell lies to her.
她不喜欢孩子们对她撒谎。
I hate it when you use my bike without my permission.
我不喜欢你不经我允许就用我的自行车。
完成句子：
①假若别人那样对你，你会怎么想？
if someone treated you in that way？
②我不喜欢人们嘴里含着满满的食物说话。
people speak with their mouths full.
③如果你能给我这个机会的话，我将不胜感激。
you could give me this opportunity.
[答案]
①How would you like it
②I don't like / dislike / hate it when
③I'd appreciate it if
3.The way a word is used may also give you some idea of the meaning.(P3，L66)
译：一个词的使用的方式也能让你了解它的意思。
[the way后接定语从句时]
a word is used是定语从句，修饰the way。此句省略了关系词。当way做先行词，并在定语从句中逻辑上做状语时，关系词用that或in which或省略。例如：
I like the way (that / in which) the teacher gives his lessons.
但是the way如果在定语从句中逻辑上不是做状语，而是做主语，则要用关系代词that 或which。而做宾语则可用that / which / 省略。
用正确的关系词填空：
①The way he introduced to us was easy to learn.
②The way he introduced the book to us was easy to understand.
[答案与解析]
①that / which。通过分析句子结构可知，先行词为the way，定语从句中introduce缺少宾语，故可用that或which。
②that / in which。本句the way为先行词，that / in which引导定语从句，且在从句中充当状语。
【运用提升】
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.He found difficult for him to focus his attention on one thing for longer than five minutes.
2.They are such teachers are loved by every student.
3.I can easily know where you are from by the way in you pronounce my name.
4.So nice a man he seem that we all believe him.
[答案与解析]
1.it。句意：他发现自己很难把注意力集中在一件事上超过五分钟。固定词组：focus one’s attention on sth.集中某人的注意力于某物上。此处是it做形式宾语，动词不定式做真正的宾语。
2.as。名词前用such而不是用so修饰，as引导定语从句且在从句中做主语。
3.which。考查定语从句。句意：从你念我名字的方式，我就能轻易知道你是哪里人。当先行词为the way，关系词指代先行词，且在从句中做状语时，定语从句要用that/in which引导，也可省略关系词。
4.does。“so＋形容词 / 副词”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
对应学生用书p94
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Standup is a type of comedy，1. is done on a stage by a comedian talking straight to audience members.There are a 2. (vary) of different styles of standup comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about 3. way people behave or about daily life.Some comedians rely on visual humour.4. comedians may trip over chairs， walk into doors， and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.The last kind of comedian does impressions.These comedians act or speak like a wellknown person.Billy Crystal is one of the standup 5. (comedian) who have become famous as television and film performers later on in life. He is popular with all age groups and has the ability 6. (amuse) people all over the world.This proves that standup can 7. (enjoy) by everyone.
Doctors have been researching what effect standup and other forms of comedy have 8. us，and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live 9. (long).This agrees with the English saying “Laughter is the 10. (good) medicine.”
[答案]
1.which 2.variety 3.the 4.Other 5.comedians
6.to amuse 7.be enjoyed 8.on 9.longer 10.best
Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
对应学生用书p90
项目
内 容
核心单词
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)
1.He has tried many times but all of his (先前的) attempts failed.
2.It will make me crazy when getting (戏弄) by other people.
3.Nowadays， students are not (保证) jobs when they graduate from college.
4.Once an opportunity is (获得)， you should treasure it.
5.They (猛冲) into the railway station in order to catch the early train.
6.She overcame her (最初的) shyness and really enjoyed the evening.
7.The children succeeded in playing out the (喜剧) within two hours.
8.The branches t at my jacket and scratched my hands and face.
9.The baby needs mother and father's warmth， protection and a .
10.Pupils should be taught to adopt a p attitude to the environment.
[答案]
1.previous 2.teased 3.guaranteed 4.attained 5.dashed 6.initial 7.comedy 8.tore 9.affection
10.positive
词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.We should work out our time.One includes and .(week)
2.There are goods in the new supermarket， and the prices from cents to dollars. The of them attracts many customers.(vary)
3.Tony， our teacher will not tolerate your bad in class. Please yourself！ Or you'll be punished.(behave)
4.Recently， Samuel， an American Jazz succeeded in a piece at his college.The audience were impressed by his amazing .(perform)
5.Many experts at that time had doubts about the new of making paper.(technique)
6.To the audience's ， the actor's performance really them and they all felt .(amuse)
7.You are not and you'd better with rich food. Then you'll have enough to work.(strong)
8.Nearly 60 from Beijing and neighboring areas in the competition.(participate)
9.In the live courses， students and an meet in the online classrooms for .(instruct)
10.To my surprise， I him to dine， but he declined my with thanks.(invite)
11.Every day the shops in that street are with customers buying daily goods. We have to push our way through the to go shopping.(crowd)
12. customers often make complaints to let off their ， because saying something can make them comfortable， which in turn is beneficial to their health.(anger)
[答案]
1.weekly；week；weekdays；weekends 2.various；vary；variety 3.behaviour；behave
4.performer；performing；performance 5.technical；technology 6.amusement；amusing；amused；amused
7.strong；strengthen；strength 8.participants；participated 9.instructor；instruction 10.invited；invitation
11.crowded；crowded；crowd 12.Angry；anger；angrily
重点短语,汉译英
1.绊倒 2.拿……开玩笑 3.喜爱，钟爱
4.想出 5.支持，维护 6.驱赶
7.接纳 8.为……腾出地方 9.闯进
10.拿出，伸出 11.对……作出反应 12.排队等候
13.不同种类的 14.后来，过些时候 15.捏造
16.终究；毕竟 17.去世，亡故 18.冲出去
19.对……怒目而视
[答案]
1.trip over 2.make fun of 3.have affection for 4.come up with 5.stand up for 6.drive away 7.take on
8.make room for 9.burst in 10.hold out 11.react to 12.queue up 13.a variety of 14.later on
15.make up 16.after all 17.pass away 18.dash out 19.glare at
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking， and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.(P3，L3435)
仿写 叶诗文如此迅速出名的原因是她极具游泳天赋，在伦敦奥运会上两破世界纪录。
The reason is .
2.Instead of telling the joke he had planned， Crystal made up a new one.(P3，L3940)
仿写 她不是骑单车上学，而是步行上学。
1)She does not . Instead， she .
2)She goes instead of .
3.Mind if I sit down？ (P14，L21)
仿写 我在这里抽烟你介意吗？
1)Do you mind if ？
2)Do you mind me / my ？
4.So， if you want to try crosstalk lessons， why not study with a real old master？ (P11，C)
仿写 你离家这么久了，给父母写封信吧。
You from home so long， why ？
[答案]
1.Ye Shiwen has become famous so rapidly；that she has a great gift for swimming and broke the world record twice (for swimming) at the London Olympics (in 2012)
2.1)go to school by bike；goes to school on foot
2)to school on foot；by bike
3.1)I smoke here
2)smoking here
4.have been away；not write to your parents
对应学生用书p91
☆重点单词☆
1.burst (bursts / burst / burst / bursting)
v.突然，猛然(发生某动作或情况)；猛冲，爆裂
The police burst through the door.
警察破门而入。
I felt as if my heart would burst with grief.
我觉得自己悲伤得心都要碎了。
We drove over some glass and one of our tyres burst.
我们驶过一些玻璃碎片，汽车的一只轮胎就爆裂了。
On hearing the news， he burst into tears / burst out crying .
一听到这个消息，他放声大哭起来。
温馨提示：
burst into laughter / tears＝burst out laughing / crying
必记搭配：
burst in 突然闯入，突然打断 / 插嘴
burst forth 突然出现(发出)
burst into laughter / tears 突然笑 / 哭起来
burst out laughing / crying 突然笑 / 哭起来
burst out 迸发
用适当的介词或副词填空：
①It’s bad manners to burst one’s room without knocking on the door.
②The film was so funny that it made me burst laughing/ laughter.
③The police burst and told everyone to stand still.
[答案]
①into ②out；into ③in
2.tear (tears / tore / torn / tearing)
/teə/ v.撕扯，使分裂，被撕(挂)破
/tIə/ n.(pl.tears) 眼泪，泪水
Silk stockings tear easily.
丝袜很容易挂破。
Her heart was torn by anxiety.
她焦虑得心都快碎了。
Hearing the exciting news， she tried to hold back her tears.
听到这个激动人心的消息，她尽力控制着她的泪水。
必记搭配：
tear sth.in half / into two halves 把……撕成两半(块)
tear sth.to / into pieces 撕成碎片
tear down 拆毁，拆除(建筑物、墙等)
tear off 扯掉，撕去
tear up 撕碎，撕毁(文件等)
tear oneself away from sth. 忍痛离开
in tears 在流泪，流着眼泪
语法填空：
①A discussion about whether the old city wall should (tear) down is carried out in the city.
②She was so angry that she tore the paper pieces.
用tear的适当形式填空：
③ off this coupon(优惠券) and use it to get RMB 5 off your next book.
④In ， I can't myself away from my homeland.
[答案与解析]
①be torn。句意：在这个城市里进行了一场旧城墙是否应该拆除的讨论。分析句子结构和句意可知，tear down为固定搭配，意为“拆毁”，且与the old city wall是被动关系，又因should后加动词原形。故填be torn。
②into/to。句意：她非常生气，把纸撕成了碎片。tear...into/to pieces是固定搭配。
③Tear ④tears；tear
3.weekly
n.(pl.weeklies) 周刊；周报
adj.每周的
Having weekly meals together turned out to be helpful in bringing the family together.
每周聚餐在凝聚家人方面证明是有效的。
21st Century， a weekly newspaper， provides us with a
variety of fresh articles about campus studies and life.
《21世纪报》，一份周报，为我们提供各种各样关于学校学习和生活的新文章。
温馨提示
daily 日报；每天的
fortnightly 半月刊；每两周的
monthly 月刊；每月的
annual (＝yearly) 年鉴；每年的
4.perform v.(performs / performed / performed / performing)
The children perform two plays each school year.(表演)
She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract.(执行)
The team performed poorly on Saturday.(表现)
performance n.(pl.performances)
The orchestra will give two more performances this week.(表演)
Sean's performance at school has greatly improved.(表现)
The car's performance on mountain roads was impressive.(性能)
performer n.表演者
完成句子：
①一个复杂的发动机有许多单独的组件，每个执行一个不同的功能。
A complex engine has many separate components， each .
②我从来没看过京剧表演得如此精彩。
I have never seen Beijing Opera so brilliantly.
③这家医院从未做过心脏手术。
The heart operation has never been in this hospital.
[答案]
①performing a different function ②performed
③performed
5.glare v.(glares / glared / glared / glaring)
She glared at him， her cheeks flushing.(怒目而视)
The sun glared down on us.(发出刺眼的光)
温馨提示
glare at... 怒视
stare at... 凝视
glance at... 一瞥
6.polish v.(polishes / polished / polished / polishing)
I spent all afternoon polishing the silver knife.(擦亮)
Your essay is good.You just need to polish it a bit.(润色；使完美)
必记搭配：
polish off 迅速做完、吃光
polish up 改善，提高
7.guarantee (guarantees / guaranteed / guaranteed / guaranteeing)
vt. / n.保证，担保
He is guaranteed not to accomplish the task in time.
他肯定不会及时完成任务。
We cannot guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.
我们不能保证我们所有的航班均不误点。
Blue skies are not a guarantee of continuous fine weather.
蔚蓝的天空并不能担保天气持续晴朗。
必记搭配：
guarantee sth. 保证某事
guarantee ＋ thatclause 保证……
guarantee sb. sth. 确保某人某事
guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.Children should be taught not to (stare / glance / glare) at disabled people， which is not polite.
2.The baby burst (into / out) crying when his mother left.
3.With their reputation ruined，food companies need to (take up / polish up / hold up) their image.
4.I (guarantee / remind / require) that I will study hard to become a top student.
[答案与解析]
1.stare。考查动词短语。短语stare at...盯着……看；句意：孩子应该被教育不要盯着残疾人看，这是不礼貌的。glance at 一瞥；glare at 怒视。
2.out。考查短语搭配。burst into＋n.，而burst out＋doing，因此填out。
3.polish up。 polish up 提高，改善；take up开始从事；hold up举起，耽搁。句意：由于它们的声誉毁了，食品公司需要改善它们的形象。
4.guarantee。句意：我保证我会努力学习成为一名优秀学生。guarantee担保，保证；remind提醒，使想起；require要求，后接宾语从句，要用(should＋)动词原形。根据题意，只有guarantee正确。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Many people are now having trouble making their (month) house payments.
2.They are tearing the old houses in order to set up a new teaching building.
3.I'd rather that you (perform) the operation right away.
[答案与解析]
1.monthly。句意：现在很多人在支付房款月供上有困难。monthly adj.每月的。
2.down。tear down 拆毁，拆除。
3.performed。考查虚拟语气。I'd rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。句意：我宁愿你立即实施手术。结合语境可知是对现在的虚拟。故用一般过去时。
☆核心短语☆
1.编造；化妆；构成；补齐 make up
That's a good riddle.Did you make it up yourself？
真是一个不错的谜语，是你自己编的吗？
由……制成(可看出原材料) be made of
由……制成(看不出原材料) be made from
在某地生产 be made in
被制成…… be made into
由……组成 be made up of
谋生 make one's living
犯错误 make a mistake / mistakes
许诺 make a promise / promises
利用 make use of
思考：与动词make 搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出5个好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________[答案]
make the best of / make the most of 充分利用
make progress 取得进步 make sense 讲得通，有意义
make room for为……让出地方 make it 准时到达；成功
make sure / certain确信 make for走向；促使
make off 匆忙离开 make a decision 作出决定
make out看出，理解 make up to 讨好
make up for弥补，补偿
2.取笑，拿……开玩笑 make fun of
It's rude to make fun of the disabled people.
取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
拿……开玩笑 make a joke / jokes of sth.
嘲笑某人 laugh at sb.
戏弄某人 play a joke on sb.
愚弄某人 make a fool of sb.
完成句子：
①At last， she couldn’t stand by her classmates any longer.
最后，她不能忍受被同学们取笑了。
②Of course， I'll do some reading ， and for knowledge as well.
当然，我会读些书，为了消遣，也为了获取知识。
[答案与解析]
①being made fun of。can’t stand doing是固定搭配，意为“不能忍受……”，故空处填动名词，结合语义可知，make fun of 是固定搭配，意为“取笑”，且和she是被动关系，综上，故填being made fun of。
②for fun
3.递出；拿出；伸出 hold out
It's impolite to hold out your left hand to shake hands with an Indian.
伸出左手与印度人握手是不礼貌的行为。
使保持低水平，限制，保住(工作、职位) hold down
抑制，控制(情感)；阻挡；隐瞒 hold back
坚持；(电话)先别挂 hold on
举起，支撑；阻碍；延迟 hold up
推迟；和……保持距离 hold off
屏息，不出声 hold one's breath
趾高气扬 hold one's head high
完成汉译英：
①他们都屏住呼吸，看谁会赢得选举。
All of them to see who would win the election.
②我尽力忍住眼泪。
I tried to my tears.
③他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
They managed to ________________________________________________________________________ until help arrived.
④她总是喜欢迟交作业。
She always likes to handing in her homework.
[答案]
①held their breath ②hold back ③hold on ④hold off
4.对……有影响 / 效果 have an effect on / upon
As we know， some websites on the Internet have a very bad effect on people， especially children.
正如我们大家所知道的那样，因特网上有些网站对人们尤其是孩子有坏影响。
使生效；实行；实施 bring / put sth.into effect
开始生效；开始实行 come into effect
开始起作用；生效 take effect
实际上；事实上；有效 in effect
无效地 without effect
有效地 with effect
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.They made her (out / up / up for) as an old woman for the first act of the play.
2.Nobody wants to (make fun of / be made fun of) especially in public.
3.When someone is in trouble， we should hold (on / up / out / off) a friendly hand.
[答案与解析]
1.up。make out意为“分辨、理解、弄清”；make up意为“编造、杜撰、化妆”；make up for意为“弥补”。
2.be made fun of。根据语境可知make fun of (取笑)与其逻辑主语nobody之间为被动关系。句意：没有人想要被取笑，尤其是在公共场合。
3.out。hold out伸出；hold on等着，停住；hold up 支撑；hold off延迟，推迟。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
hold out；take on；be made up of；
make it；laugh at；take effect
1.We young people should work extremely hard to more responsibilities.
2.At the news of the earthquake，many of us our helping hands to those victims.
3.The committee representatives from every state.
4.The medicine will quickly.
5.I can even if it’s difficult.
6.I'm afraid the other kids will me because I don't understand.
[答案与解析]
1.take on。句意：我们年轻人应该努力工作，承担更多的责任。分析句子结构可知，空处填动词原形，take on为固定搭配，意为“从事、承担”，符合句意，故填take on。
2.held out。句意：听到地震的消息，我们中的许多人伸出了援助之手给那些受灾者。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，结合句意和语境可知，此处应是一般过去时，hold out为固定搭配，意为“伸出；递出；拿出”。
3.is made up of 4.take effect
5.make it 6.laugh at
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1.One such person is Billy Crystal.(P2，L25)
译：一个这样(成功的) 例子就是比利·克里斯托。
such在这里的意思是“这样的，如此的”，用在one 之后。
如：一支这样的笔就足够了。One such pen is enough.
such在英语教材中出现频率较高，用法比较灵活，是考试的热点，也是考试的难点。
现将such用法简单归纳如下：
(1)such修饰单数名词时，放于不定冠词a / an之前，若名词前有one，no，any，some，few，all，many，several等词修饰时，such放在这些修饰词之后。例如：
He's such a man.他就是这么一个人。
There is no such thing.没有这么一回事。
(2)such位于句首时，句子需倒装，谓语动词的单复数根据其后的名词决定。
Such is my hope for the future.
我对未来的希望就是这样。
Such were the facts.事实就是这样。
(3)在such...that...，such...as...句型中，若从句不缺少句子成分，用that引导，表示“如此……以至于”；若从句中缺少句子成分，用as引导，表示“像……一样的”“像……”，引导定语从句，as做主 / 宾 / 表语。
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
他的手臂很长，几乎能碰到天花板。
He is not such a fool as he looks.
他并不像他看起来的这么傻。
完成句子：
①You can’t imagine that a welleducated gentleman should make .
你不能够想象一位受过良好教育的绅士竟会犯这样愚蠢的错误。
②Our teacher teaches us that we are all thankful to him.
我们老师教我们教得很好，我们都很感激他。
选词填空：
③ (So / Such / Thus) was his past， a bitter life without any pleasure.
语法填空：
④Daisy is such a beautiful and excellent girl her mother is proud of her.
[答案与解析]
①such a silly mistake。should 在此处表示惊讶，可译为“竟然，竟会”。such在此做形容词，表示“这样的，如此的”。
②so well
③Such。词义辨析。so 副词，如此，这样；连词，所以；such限定词，这样的；代词，这样的人或事；thus副词，因此，这样。句意：他的过去就是这样一段完全没有快乐的苦涩生活。本句为倒装句，形容词做表语，前置，故填Such。
④that。句意：黛西是如此漂亮且优秀的女孩，以至于她的母亲以她为骄傲。such...that...如此……以至于……，that 引导结果状语从句。
思考：such...that和so...that 的用法有哪些区别？
________________________________________________________________________
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[答案]
两者均表示 “如此……以至于……”，但so是副词，其后跟形容词或副词；such 是形容词，后接名词。例如：
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。
He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。
He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.
他所受教育很少，不适合做这个工作。
(注意：如果名词前有many，much，few，little(少)等词修饰的话，则不用such而用so。)
2.I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.(P5，Part F)
译：我喜欢喜剧演员与观众说话。
某些及物动词，如：like，love，enjoy，prefer，hate，appreciate，etc.之后若没有出现宾语，而直接跟if，whether，when等连词引导的状语从句，要在从句前使用代词it。另一种看法是视it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后if， whether， when等词引导的宾语从句。例如：
She doesn't like it when her children tell lies to her.
她不喜欢孩子们对她撒谎。
I hate it when you use my bike without my permission.
我不喜欢你不经我允许就用我的自行车。
完成句子：
①假若别人那样对你，你会怎么想？
if someone treated you in that way？
②我不喜欢人们嘴里含着满满的食物说话。
people speak with their mouths full.
③如果你能给我这个机会的话，我将不胜感激。
you could give me this opportunity.
[答案]
①How would you like it
②I don't like / dislike / hate it when
③I'd appreciate it if
3.The way a word is used may also give you some idea of the meaning.(P3，L66)
译：一个词的使用的方式也能让你了解它的意思。
[the way后接定语从句时]
a word is used是定语从句，修饰the way。此句省略了关系词。当way做先行词，并在定语从句中逻辑上做状语时，关系词用that或in which或省略。例如：
I like the way (that / in which) the teacher gives his lessons.
但是the way如果在定语从句中逻辑上不是做状语，而是做主语，则要用关系代词that 或which。而做宾语则可用that / which / 省略。
用正确的关系词填空：
①The way he introduced to us was easy to learn.
②The way he introduced the book to us was easy to understand.
[答案与解析]
①that / which。通过分析句子结构可知，先行词为the way，定语从句中introduce缺少宾语，故可用that或which。
②that / in which。本句the way为先行词，that / in which引导定语从句，且在从句中充当状语。
【运用提升】
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.He found difficult for him to focus his attention on one thing for longer than five minutes.
2.They are such teachers are loved by every student.
3.I can easily know where you are from by the way in you pronounce my name.
4.So nice a man he seem that we all believe him.
[答案与解析]
1.it。句意：他发现自己很难把注意力集中在一件事上超过五分钟。固定词组：focus one’s attention on sth.集中某人的注意力于某物上。此处是it做形式宾语，动词不定式做真正的宾语。
2.as。名词前用such而不是用so修饰，as引导定语从句且在从句中做主语。
3.which。考查定语从句。句意：从你念我名字的方式，我就能轻易知道你是哪里人。当先行词为the way，关系词指代先行词，且在从句中做状语时，定语从句要用that/in which引导，也可省略关系词。
4.does。“so＋形容词 / 副词”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
对应学生用书p94
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Standup is a type of comedy，1. is done on a stage by a comedian talking straight to audience members.There are a 2. (vary) of different styles of standup comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about 3. way people behave or about daily life.Some comedians rely on visual humour.4. comedians may trip over chairs， walk into doors， and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.The last kind of comedian does impressions.These comedians act or speak like a wellknown person.Billy Crystal is one of the standup 5. (comedian) who have become famous as television and film performers later on in life. He is popular with all age groups and has the ability 6. (amuse) people all over the world.This proves that standup can 7. (enjoy) by everyone.
Doctors have been researching what effect standup and other forms of comedy have 8. us，and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live 9. (long).This agrees with the English saying “Laughter is the 10. (good) medicine.”
[答案]
1.which 2.variety 3.the 4.Other 5.comedians
6.to amuse 7.be enjoyed 8.on 9.longer 10.best
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