2021学年高一必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes 精品单元模拟试卷 英语（二） 教师版

2021学年高一精品单元模拟试卷  

必修一 Unit4 Earthquakes

英   语  （二）

（本卷满分100分）

一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）

A

One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.

Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.

He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn't, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.

Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.

By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept.

The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn't find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.

Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls' survival show Man vs. Wild. That's where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs.  Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.

When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.

1. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?

A. He got lost.  B. He broke his skis.

C. He hurt his eyes.  D. He caught a cold.

2. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?

A. He found a shelter.

B. He lighted some branches.

C. He kept on skiing.

D. He built a snow cave.

3. On Tuesday, Nicholas ________.

A. returned to his shelter safely

B. was saved by a searcher

C. got stuck in the snow

D. stayed where he was

4. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ________.

A. did the right things in the dangerous situation

B. watched Grylls' TV program regularly

C. created some tips for survival

D. was very hard­working

【答案】1-4 ADBA

【解析】

1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第四句“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知，一个周日的下午尼古拉斯迷路了。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，尼古拉斯挖了一个雪洞来保暖。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据第六段倒数第二句“He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.”可知，是一位志愿搜寻者救了尼古拉斯。故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尾句中的“how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive”可知，应选A。

B

An earthquake happens when two plates rub (摩擦) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move. It is an earthquake. In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth's surface caused by the earth's rocky outer layer (岩层) as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (释放).

The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.

Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter Scale, caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world—including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.

A 60­second or less earthquake can cause devastation (破坏) that continues for years after the first tremor (震动). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.

The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.

5. Which of the following is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A. An earthquake comes from inside the earth.

B. The earth has great energy in storage.

C. How the earth plates move.

D. How an earthquake happens.

6. How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause?

A. Three.    B. Four.   C. Five.    D. Six.

7. Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?

A. The 1964 Alaskan quake.

B. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.

C. The 1972 Managua earthquake.

D. The 1906 earthquake.

8. The  underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.

A. causing too much heat and great damage

B. causing many injuries and much destruction

C. happening as a result of another event

D. happening suddenly and unexpectedly

【答案】5-8 DBBC

【解析】

5.主旨大意题。由第一段全文，尤其是倒数第二句可知，第一段主要讲述了地震的成因。

6.细节理解题。文中提到1964年阿拉斯加地震、1976年唐山地震、1972年尼加拉瓜的马那瓜地震、以及1906年地震，共四次。

7.推理判断题。由第三段最后一句可知，1976年唐山大地震中大约240000人遇难，该例子也表明地震可能会导致大量的人员伤亡。

8.词义猜测题。下文提到在1906年地震中，绝大部分的损失是地震引起的火灾造成的。由此推出ensuing是指“另一件事所引起的，随后发生的”。

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

How to Be a Good Listener

Being a good listener can help you see the world through the eyes of others. It enriches your understanding and expands your capacity for empathy(同情). Good listening skills can provide you with a deeper level of understanding about someone’s situation.   9 

Place yourself in other people’s shoes. It’s easy to only consider the impact of the other person’s “telling” on you. But you must open out and look at the problems from the other person’s view.   10 

Avoid comparing the person’s experiences to your own. You may think that the best thing you can do to really listen is to compare the person’s experiences to your own. But this type of thinking actually makes the person feel like you’re not really listening at all.   11   That means that you’re focusing more on yourself than on the person’s situation.

  12   Some people think that, when they’re listening, they should find a quick and easy solution to the person’s problem. According to the research, it is totally wrong to do so. Instead focus on absorbing everything the person is saying to you. Only after that can you really try to help.

Know what not to do. Knowing what to avoid when you’re trying to be a good listener can be almost as helpful as knowing what to do. If you want the speaker to take you seriously you’d better not interrupt in the middle of a point.   13   Make eye contact with the person so that the person realizes that you are interested and are listening.

A. Don’t try to help immediately.

B. Avoid saying “I” or “me” a lot.

C. Try to solve the person’s problem quickly.

D. Don’t try to change the subject, even if it’s a little uncomfortable.

E. If so, you would see your way through the problems much faster.

F. Therefore you had better listen to what the person is saying carefully.

G. If you want to know how to be a good listener, read on to get started!

【答案】9-13 GEBAD

【解析】本文是说明文。本文就如何成为一位好的聆听者向读者提供了四条建议。

9.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空为过渡句，下文就如何成为一个好的倾听者提供了四条建议，所以这里应该选G项（如果你想知道如何成为一个好的倾听者，那就继续往下读吧！）以引出下文。可知G项符合题意，故选G。

10.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。选项E中的If so与上文谈到的换位思考相承接，说明如果这样做的话，问题将会被更快地解决。故选E项。

11.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段主要讲的是避免把他人和自己的经历作比较，本空是细节句，空后一句的That是对空处内容的指代（这意味着你更关注自己而不是别人的处境），由此可推断出避免经常说“我”，可知B正确，故选B项。

12.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空是本段的主题句，本段主要叙述不要急于想对策，要充分了解以后才可以更好地提供帮助。分析选项可知A（不要急于提供帮助）符合题意，故选A项。

13.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段的中心意思为“知道什么该做，什么不该做”。空前一句说到你最好不要中途打断说话人，与D项（不要试图改变主题，即使它有点不舒服）意义一致。根据上下文及本段首句“知道不要做什么”可知，应选D项。

三、完形填空（每小题2分，共30分）

Technology is always developing, and at a very fast pace too. It can be hard to keep up with the   14   technology, especially when you’re   15  . A group of eighth graders who are Girls Scout Troop 60013 in Arlington, Virginia   16   that problem and decided to do something about it.

The girls set up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people who have   17   understanding how to unlock the secrets of their modern   18  . Each teen spent at least an hour of one-on-one time with their “students”. Based on their technological experience, each Girl Scout   19   how to use Android and Apple phones. Some of the oldsters   20   wanted to join the e-commerce revolution, and needed help setting up Apple Pay   21   others simply had problems learning how to send   22   to their family members.

“I was teaching this old woman how to text people, and the first thing that she did was text her daughter,” one of the Scouts said, “And I thought that was really   23  .”

  24   offering group lessons to all of the old people to learn together at the end of the clinic, the youngsters even printed out brochures and guides for the elderly to take home   25   some had trouble with their smartphones in the future.

“Those girls were   26  ,” said Nancy Taylor, a great-grandmother of four great-grandchildren who visited the clinic. “  27   was set up and ready for us and they all kindly answered our questions.”

The eighth graders are likely to get the Girl Scout Silver Award, the highest honor a Girl Scout can receive, for being   28  .

14. A. newest    B. outdated   C. latest    D. intelligent

15. A. young    B. old     C. enthusiastic   D. patient

16. A. recognized   B. solved    C. missed    D. approached

17. A. friend    B. interest    C. time     D. trouble

18. A. cars     B. smartphones  C. doors     D. houses

19. A. learned    B. taught     C. connected    D. mixed

20. A. actually    B. fortunately   C. anxiously    D. unwillingly

21. A. if      B. while    C. since     D. when

22. A. presents    B. love    C. letters     D. messages

23. A. crazy     B. awful     C. addictive    D. sweet

24. A. Before     B. By     C. Besides    D. Except

25. A. in case     B. so that    C. as if    D. now that

26. A. wonderful    B. attractive   C. courageous    D. respectable

27. A. Nothing    B. It     C. None    D. Everything

28. A. serious    B. lovely    C. warm-hearted   D. hard-working

【答案】14-18 CBADB 19-23 BABDD 24-28 CAADC

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群女孩子为老人讲解如何使用智能手机的事迹，使老人们也能享受现代科技的发展带来的快乐。

14.考查形容词。句意：很难跟上最新科技发展的步伐，尤其是在你年纪大的时候。A. newest：最新的；B. outdated：过时的；C. latest：最近的，最新的；D. intelligent：智能的。newest是new的最高级，一般用来形容人或物的新旧，不能用来形容时间的远近。科技一直在发展，日新月异，因此从时间远近的角度要选择latest表示最新的科技。故选C。

15.考查形容词。A. young：年轻的；B. old：旧的，年长的；C. enthusiastic：热情的；D. patient：耐心的。下文提到老人在使用手机时存在一些困难和问题，即年长的人跟不上科技的发展。故选B。

16.考查动词。句意：一群八年级的女学生组成了弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿的编号为60013的女童军，她们发现了这个问题，并决定采取措施。A. recognized：认出，识别，承认；B. solved：解决；C. missed：错过；D. approached：接近。在决定解决问题之前，需要发现问题。选择recognize合乎逻辑。故选A。

17.考查名词。A. friends：朋友；B. interest：兴趣，利益；C. time：时间；D. trouble：困难，麻烦。前文提到老人很难跟得上科技的发展，因此他们在使用手机时是存在困难的。故选D。

18.考查名词。A. cars：汽车；B. smartphones：智能手机；C. doors：门；D. houses：房屋。由下文的安卓手机和苹果手机可知，此处指智能手机。故选B。

19.考查动词。句意：每个女孩子都根据自己的技术经验教老人如何使用安卓手机和苹果手机。A. learned：学习；B. taught：教授，教；C. connected：连接；D. mixed：混合。老人在使用智能手机时是存在困难的，女孩们的目标就是帮助他们解决问题，因此要教会他们使用手机的某些功能。故选B。

20.考查副词。A. actually：事实上，竟然；B. fortunately：幸运地；C. anxiously：焦急地；D. unwillingly：不情愿地。由simply一词可以看出空格前后表示的是对比关系，此处表示两种老年人在使用智能手机时的需求是不同的，有些人想要学会发信息而有的人竟然想要加入电子商务革命中去，选用actually符合语境。故选A。

21.考查连词。A. if：如果；B. while：当……的时候，然而；C. since：自从；D. when：当……时候。由simply一词可以看出空格前后表示的是对比关系，此处表示两种老年人在使用智能手机时的需求是不同的，有些人想要学会发信息而有的人竟然想要加入电子商务革命中去，选择while表示对比。故选B。

22.考查名词。A. presents：礼物；B. love：爱；C. letters：字母；D. messages：信息，消息。由下文的“text her daughter”可知，有些老人不会发信息给家人。故选D。

23.考查形容词。句意：我在教这个老人如何给别人发信息。她做的第一件事情就是给她的女儿发信息，我认为这是很好的一件事情。A. crazy：疯狂的；B. awful：可怕的；C. addictive：上瘾的；D. sweet：甜的，美好的。老人学会发信息后第一件事情就是给女儿发信息，她可以通过发信息和女儿交流，这肯定是一件很美好的事情。故选D。

24.考查介词。句意：在讲解的最后，除了为所有老年人提供集体课程以供他们共同学习外，青少年们还为他们打印出了小册子和指南让老人带回家，以防将来有些人在使用智能手机时遇到问题。A. Before：在……之前；B. By：通过；C. Besides：除了；D. Except：除了。Besides与Except用于肯定句时，Except意为“除……外（不再有）”；Besides意为“除……外（还有）”。结合句意，选用Besides合乎语境。故选C。

25.考查连词。A. in case：以防；B. so that：以便；C. as if：仿佛；D. now that：既然。in case引导目的状语从句，表示以防有的老人在使用智能手机时遇到问题。故选A。

26.考查形容词。A. wonderful：精彩的，令人赞叹的；B. attractive：有魅力的；C. courageous：勇敢的；D. respectable：可敬的。由这个老人的评价“they all kindly answered our questions”可知，这些女孩子很了不起。故选A。

27.考查代词。A. Nothing：没有；B. It：它；C. None：没有；D. Everything：一切。此处指她们为老人们安排好了一切，Everything指的是上文的group lessons和brochures and guides。故选D。

28.考查形容词。A. serious：严重的；B. lovely：可爱的；C. warm-hearted：热心的；D. hard-working：努力工作的。从女孩子们为老年人所做的事情可以看出，她们是热心肠的。故选C。

四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）

29. There are an ________ (extreme) large number of ants worldwide.

30. The city was in ________ (ruin) at the end of the war.

31. A large amount of rainforest is being ________ (destroy) every day.

32. The ________ (miner) were rescued after being trapped for 170 hours.

33. She was got ____________ (injure) while skating.

34. She was greatly ________ (frighten) after hearing a ________ (frighten) cry.

35. By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn ___________ (express) myself clearly.

36. On arriving there, we expressed our ___________(congratulation) to him on his success.

37. It seemed as if the world was at ______ end!

38. The deer           （trap）in the mud.

39. They began to recover slowly from their nightmare of pain and _______(suffer).

40. It is no wonder the building is _____ruins.

【答案】

29. extremely  30. ruins  31. destroyed  32. miners   33. injured

34. frightened; frightening     35. to express    36. congratulations    37. an 

38. was trapped    39. suffering  40. in

五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）

41. One million people of the city,that thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.

42. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fall.

43. Mice ran out of the fields look for places to hide.

44. The suffering of the people were extremely.

45. Slow, the city began to breathe again.

46. A number of children whose parents had died in the quake was sent to live with families in other cities.

47. Fresh water was taken to the city by the train.

48. I asked a man stand next to me that happened.

49. You will get a lot of informations about what is happening around the world.

50. At same time you will improve your pronunciation.

【答案】

41. that改为who  42. fall改为fell

43. look改为looking  44. extremely改为extreme

45. Slow改为Slowly  46. was改为were

47. 去掉第二个the  48. stand改为standing

49. informations改为information 50. same前加the