人教版九年级英语-中考语法讲解-动词（无答案）

人教版九年级英语-中考语法讲解

动词

一、动词 （行为动词；系动词；助动词；情态动词）

1. 行为动词  实义动词：及物 / 不及物； 延续性动词 / 非延续性动词

  注意：(1) 常见的带双宾语的动词give, bring, buy, get, lend, make, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, show, send, hand

        (2) 延续性动词可以和表示时间段的状语连用；非延续性动词不能和表示时间段的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词有：buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, start, stop, finish, arrive, join, go, come, leave, open, close, marry, catch等。

  考点链接之“现在完成时态”

eg: He has been here for five days.  The film has been on for ten minutes.

2. 系动词

感官，表象：look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appear

转变：turn变色, get变温, become变得,变成, go变质, fall, grow

状态：be, keep, stay, remain

3. 助动词

4. 情态动词

can / could

1. 表示能力，could表示过去的能力;  I can speak English, but I can’t speak Chinese.
2. 表示非正式的请求或许可；可与may互换，但may用于正式的请求或许可

Could you please…? (表示委婉)

Can / May I have a look at your new computer? 

You can / may go now.

—________ I swim here?

—I’m sorry. Children _______ swim alone here.

c. 表惊讶、怀疑。不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句活感叹句; 

How can you be so careless?

may

a. 表示正式的请求或许可，可翻译为“可以”。May I come in?

b. 回答May I … 的提问用：Yes, you may. / No, you can’t (mustn’t)

must / have to

a. must表示 “必须”（主观意志）; mustn’t意为“禁止”

b. 回答 Must I…的提问，否定句用needn’t或者don’t have to

  eg: --- Must I finish it now? 

--- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

c. have to 表示客观的需要，must表示说话人的主观看法。

  eg: My brother is very ill, so I have to send him to the hospital.

     We must work hard.

  注意：must没有人称和数的变化，但have to有人称和数的变化

  eg: He must go now.   He has to stay at home.

need

a. 表示“需要”  b. 区别need作情态动词和实义动词的不同用法

will

1. 表意愿，用于各种人称； I will do anything for you.
2. 表请求，用于疑问句;   Will you please close the window? It’s a bit cold.
3. 表示某种倾向和习惯性动作; Fish will die out of water.

would

1. 表意愿；I said I would do anything for you.
2. 表委婉的提出请求建议或看法；would you like some drinks?

should / ought to 表义务，可以翻译为“应该”  eg: We should study hard for our country.

had better

a. 表示“最好”，相当于助动词，只有一种形式；had better do sth.

eg：It’s cold outside. You’d better put on your coat.

b. had better的否定形式： had better not do sth.

Eg: You’d better not smoke .It’s bad for your health.

易错点辨析

1. can与be able to

can只用于一般现在时和过去时；be able to用于各种时态均可

2. need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。

用作情态动词时，主要用于否定和疑问句；用作实义动词时，用于各种句式

eg: Need I come?   Yes, you must come.   You needn’t telephone him now.               

She dare not go out alone at night.    None of them dared mention this.

You don’t need to do it yourself.           We need to tell them the news.

The table needs painting/to be painted.      We should dare to give our own opinions.

3. May I ...表示请求，否定要用mustn’t/can’t回答, 不能用may not.

  用must提问，肯定用must/have to回答, 否定用needn’t或do/does have to, 不能用mustn’t.

  在need的一般疑问句，肯定回答must，否定回答needn’t.

二、动词短语

1.动词+介词

break into 破门而入          call for 呼吁              care for 喜欢、关心        

care about 在乎              get over 度过、客服

2. 动词+副词

clean up打扫赶紧            write down 写下           run out 用完

3. 动词+副词+介词

get along with 进展           look down upon蔑视       look forward to 期盼

4. 动词+名词+介词

make friends with交朋友      take pride in 以..感到自豪   pay attention to 注意

5. 动词+名词 

lose heart 灰心               take place 发生            make a face 做鬼脸

6. be+adj +介词

be afraid of 害怕                 be good at 擅长               be proud of以..为傲

注意：在动词+副词短语中，如果后面接名词作宾语，可放在短语后面，也可放在中间，若代词作宾语，只能放在中间。如：

write the new words down=write down the new words =write them down

【知识检验】

（　　）1．﹣How is your grandma？

﹣She's fine．She used to____ TV at home after supper．But now she is used to___ out for a walk．

  A．watch；go  B．watching；go  C．watching；going  D．watch；going

（　　）2．The girl is__________ him, but she doesn't__________ anything.

  A. listening to; hear    B. listens to; hears    C. listen to; hear      D. listens; hear

（　　）3．This restaurant _____ people _____delicious food

  A．provides；for     B．offers；to     C．provides；with   D. provide; / 

（　　）4．The T-shirt _______ of silk _______ very comfortable.

  A. made; feels    B. makes; feels     C. making; is felt      D. is made; is felt

（　　）5．—Do you often get online?

—Yes, I _________ lots of time on it. It's a good way to kill time.

  A. cost             B. spend             C. take              D. use

（　　）6．﹣Would you like to try some pizza？

﹣Yes，please．It_____  lovely and____  nice．

  A．sounds； sees   B．hears； turns    C．looks； smells  D．sounds； watches

（　　）7．—Whose T­shirt is this?

—It________  be John's. It's ________  small for him.

  A．can't; much too   B．can't; too much   C．mustn't; much too   D．mustn't; too much

（　　）8．﹣Hi，Jack! Could you come to our English party？

﹣Sorry，I______．I have to look after my little sister at home．

  A．must      B．couldn’t     C．can't          D. mustn’t

（　　）9．﹣Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books．

﹣That's too bad．Everyone _______ be a book lover．Reading is more enjoyable．

  A．may    B．should    C．would       D. must

（　　）10．—Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?

—Yes, I'm afraid we________ . That's the traffic rule.

  A．can                           B．may

  C．have to                        D．need

（　　）11. ﹣We can't ____  making a plan．Clean﹣up Day is only two weeks from now．

﹣Yes，I think so．

  A．put on    B．put up    C．put off    D．put out

（　　）12．﹣Could you help me _____the beef for dinner，Jean？

﹣Ok，Mom．I'll do it right away．

  A．take off    B．knock off   C．cut down   D．cut up

（　　）13．1. Murder and Susan ____ for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday.

（　　）14． A quarrel ___ between the couple, which made their son break away from his family.

  A. broke into          B. broke in          C. broke down       D. broke out 

（    ）15. Again and again the doctor_______ the crying baby girl, but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with her.(