专题06.Unit 3 Getting along with others--Extended reading & Project单词，课文预习-初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）（译林版必修第一册）

Unit 3　Getting along with others --Extended reading & Project

单词，课文预习

一．词汇预先知

一、词汇——知其意

1．seek (sought，sought) vi.　         

2．well－meaning adj.           

3．thorough adj.           

4．wine n.           

二、词汇——记其形

1．          vi.& vt.  逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘n.  逃离，逃脱

2．          vt.  宽慰，抚慰n.  舒服；安慰

3．          n.  高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣

4．          n.  时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻

5．          adv.  其实，实际上；的确；真正地

6．          n.  陪伴，作伴；公司

7．          n.  诗人

三、词汇——通其变

1．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→          v．反映

2．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→          adj.有益的，有用的

3．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→          v．失败

4．recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→          n．认出，识别

5．death n．死，死亡；死亡状态→          vi.死

6．crowd n．一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌→          adj.拥挤的

7．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→          n．钦佩；欣赏

Ⅱ.核心短语

1．smooth out　         

2．be meant to do sth           

3．take on           

4．in full measure           

5．lead to           

6．seek to do           

7．escape into           

8．result from           

9．as a result           

10．on the other hand           

11．talk...over with           

12．with the help of           

13．point out           

14．search for           

15．come down to          

二．课文精研读

原文呈现

Of Friendship

As we walk the “path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone with① our own thoughts，for quiet periods of reflection② can lead to personal improvement.However，when we seek③ to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape④ into our own world.Social life is also important to us.More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out⑤ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to⑥ travel【1】．

As we live in social groups，there are many benefits⑦ of friendship that we can enjoy.Generally speaking，close friendships have three “fruits”：they may comfort the heart⑧，advise the head⑨ and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.Through friendship，we can become happier，wiser and more satisfied humans⑩.

The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure⑪.Here，friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on⑫ a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally，this kind of openness results from⑬ a close friendship.With true friends，we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure⑭.We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness⑮.Indeed⑯，the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.

The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well－meaning⑰ and wise friends.We often find it easier to recognize⑱ other people’s weaknesses than our own 【2】．As a result，if we are guided only by our own feelings，our judgments might be one－sided⑲.On the other hand，our friends are better able to offer advice on⑳ important decisions that we all have to make.Also，when we want to talk our problems over with a friend，we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.

The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways.Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”．There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends.Friends may have many different ideas and skills.They can help us achieve what we want during life and，perhaps，even after death.

Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd  is not the same as being with friends.Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.In this way，we can better walk the “path of life” with the support，advice and help from our trusted friends.

(Adapted from “Of Friendship”，an essay written by Francis Bacon，a great English writer，scientist and philosopher)

Fill in the following blanks according to the text.

Close friendships have three “fruits”，1.          can help us achieve the goals we set for 2.          (we)．Friendship can make us become happier，3.          (wise) and more satisfied humans.The first fruit is the peace that 4.          (come) from having someone with whom we can share our joy，sadness，success and 5.          (fail)．The second fruit is better understanding and judgment that 6.          (achieve) through conversations with well－meaning and wise friends.The third fruit is the help that a friend may offer.Finally，7.          should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd 8.          (be) not the same as being with friends.Friends should be 9.          (careful) chosen and relationships carefully developed.In this way we can better walk the “path of life” with the support，advice and help from our 10.          (trust) friends.

三．随堂精训练

【基 础 练】

一.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1．The mother           (逃脱)from the burning house with her baby.

2．We           (寻找)an answer to the question，but couldn’t find one.

3．He liked to walk too，so we kept each other’s           (陪伴)．

4．I           (认出)him as soon as I saw him in the street.

5．The success or           (失败)of the plan depends on you.

6．The cat felt curious when she saw her own           (reflect) in the mirror.

7．It can be           (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.

8．Lie down on your bed and make yourself           (comfort)．

9．The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four           (death)．

10．The waiting room is           (crowd) with passengers waiting for the bus to come.

二.单句语法填空

1．My mother made a nice dress           my measure last week.

2．We must try our best to seek           a solution to the problem.

3．The bus was so           (crowd) that nobody could move.

4．He managed to escape           the burning car.

5．At last the man decided to pay a visit to the old man           person.

6．The dress really brings           the colour of your eyes.

7．The engineer has done something           (admire) in this field.

8．As a           (respect) teacher，he is very patient with his students.

9．The company will start a project           (benefit) to the poor students.

10．Usually a child’s behaviour is a           (reflect) of his/her family environment.

三.选词填空

smooth out，in full measure，be meant to，take on，lead to

1．They finally           all the difficulties and made a big breakthrough.

2．There is no doubt that stress can           physical illness.

3．My expectations had been met           ．

4．The mountain will           a new look after the rain.

5．I believe he           be a doctor.

【提 能 练】

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

It’s often said that the rise of social media has revolutionized (彻底改变)  communication.With smartphones and social networking apps，we can write to our family and friends whenever we like.But while social media has brought us convenience，it also has its problems，such as misunderstandings in communication.

Quite often，people misunderstand what’s written on social media.According to a story published on The Conversation on March 8，sarcasm  (讽刺)，in particular，can be very difficult to notice in a written message.

Sarcasm is a kind of irony (反语)：It’s when we say something，but really mean the opposite.For example，a message from a friend the day before a math exam that says “I’m__so__looking__forward__to__tomorrow！” is obviously sarcasm.

Sarcasm before the rise of social media and mobile phones was mostly used in speech and face to face.That  made  sarcasm  easier，because  you  could accompany your words with a facial gesture and a tone (语气) of voice that would help others get your message.You had a good chance of being understood and receiving a laugh or an understanding glance.

And yet when we text or write something online，a lot of that information goes missing.“There are no facial hints，no  tones or maybe even a  delayed response if a person can’t text you back immediately，”wrote The Conversation.“And if you don’t know the person all that well，there goes your last possible hint：history.”

To help avoid misunderstandings，people who use platforms such as Twitter often include the hashtag sarcasm—although this is like having to explain a joke when people don’t laugh at it，which destroys the point of sarcasm in the first place.

And it isn’t only sarcasm that can get lost in electronic communications.It’s also hard to notice things such as indifference (冷漠)．

“One of the problems with digital communication，when it relies purely on text，is that this sucks (抽离) the empathy (情感共鸣) out of the communication.So it can lead to miscommunication，” linguist Vyv Evans，author of The Emoji Code，told USA Today.“This is where emojis come into their own.They put the body language back，so people can better read emotional intent (目的)．”

However，even though there are hundreds of different emojis (表情符号) to choose from，there’s still no replacement for good old－fashioned face－to－face communication.

1．What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean according to the context?

A．They can’t wait to take the exam.

B．They are well－prepared for the exam.

C．They’re not looking forward to taking the exam at all.

D．The exam might be too difficult for them.

2．What might lead to the words we write online being misunderstood，according to The Conversation?

A．The use of new Internet words and phrases.

B．The complicated relationship between people.

C．The absence of facial expressions and tones.

D．Responding to other people too quickly.

3．What does Vyv Evans think is a possible way to avoid miscommunication online?

A．Using emojis，as they can display body language.

B．Expressing fewer personal feelings.

C．Sending voice messages instead of text messages.

D．Using a hashtag before making jokes.

4．What is the article mainly about?

A．The convenience of online communication.

B．Some misunderstandings that come with digital communication.

C．A good replacement for face－to－face communication.

D．Some reasons for the popularity of emojis.

Ⅱ.七选五

When I was young，my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home.A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby，and she used to watch us play from her window.__1__ We all thought that she was mean.

She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction，Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.__2__  Soon we ran out of balls.

In those days，I used to water our lawn each day.One day as I stood watering our small lawn，I noticed that Mrs Shinas’ lawn looked a little dry.It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it.__3__

When autumn came that year，I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas’ yard.As I was doing this one day，she invited me to sit in her living room.She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk.As I sat there eating the cookie，she showed me her collection of paintings.__4__ That amazed me a lot.It was the first conversation I had ever had with her.

__5__ She went into her kitchen and returned with a box.In it were all the balls that her dog had taken.She handed me the box，said “thank you” and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.I also learned that when we  serve others，we are showing them that we love them.

A．We wanted to buy a new ball.

B．But the dog wouldn’t return the ball to us.

C．Her next action even changed my opinion of her.

D．Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn.

E．Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day.

F．She rarely came out of her house and never smiled.

G．What delighted me most was that she was a great painter.